Reliable fabrication of transparent conducting films by cascade centrifugation and Langmuir–Blodgett deposition of electrochemically exfoliated graphene

• Teodora Vićentić,
• Stevan Andrić,
• Vladimir Rajić and
• Marko Spasenović

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 666–674, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.58

• break van der Waals forces, leading to exfoliation [20]. Electrochemical exfoliation offers an alternative to LPE that is both scalable and widely available. It has been used to make graphene for various applications, including energy storage [21][22]. Both ultrasound-assisted LPE and electrochemical

The role of sulfonate groups and hydrogen bonding in the proton conductivity of two coordination networks

• Ali Javed,
• Felix Steinke,
• Stephan Wöhlbrandt,
• Hana Bunzen,
• Norbert Stock and
• Michael Tiemann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 437–443, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.36

• ; metal-organic framework; proton conductivity; Introduction Recent achievements in the synthesis of advanced functional materials with tailored, structure-related physical properties have stimulated the development of new concepts and devices for energy storage [1][2] and energy conversion [3][4]. Among

Interfacial nanoarchitectonics for ZIF-8 membranes with enhanced gas separation

• Season S. Chen,
• Zhen-Jie Yang,
• Chia-Hao Chang,
• Hoong-Uei Koh,
• Sameerah I. Al-Saeedi,
• Kuo-Lun Tung and
• Kevin C.-W. Wu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 313–324, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.26

• ]. Given these structural properties, MOFs are widely applied to gas storage [18], gas/liquid separation [18][19][20], energy storage [21][22][23], sensing [24], catalysis [25], electrochemistry [26], and bio-related fields [27]. Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs), a subclass of MOFs, comprise

Theoretical understanding of electronic and mechanical properties of 1T′ transition metal dichalcogenide crystals

• Seyedeh Alieh Kazemi,
• Sadegh Imani Yengejeh,
• Vei Wang,
• William Wen and
• Yun Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 160–171, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.11

• from catalysis to energy storage and electronic devices [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Generally, each TMD layer can be described as a sandwich type of structure (X–TM–X), where TM and X are transition metal cations (e.g., Mo and W) and chalcogen anions (e.g., S and Se). Individual layers are bound via

Measurement of polarization effects in dual-phase ceria-based oxygen permeation membranes using Kelvin probe force microscopy

• Kerstin Neuhaus,
• Christina Schmidt,
• Liudmila Fischer,
• Wilhelm Albert Meulenberg,
• Ke Ran,
• Joachim Mayer and
• Stefan Baumann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1380–1391, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.102

• Kerstin Neuhaus Christina Schmidt Liudmila Fischer Wilhelm Albert Meulenberg Ke Ran Joachim Mayer Stefan Baumann Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Energy and Climate Research 12, Helmholtz-Institute Münster: Ionics in Energy Storage, Corrensstr. 46, 48149 Münster, Germany

Electrical, electrochemical and structural studies of a chlorine-derived ionic liquid-based polymer gel electrolyte

• Ashish Gupta,
• Amrita Jain,
• Manju Kumari and
• Santosh K. Tripathi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1252–1261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.92

• electrolyte film which contains 30 wt % of the ionic liquid. The optimized films have good potential to be used as electrolyte materials for energy storage applications. Keywords: ionic liquid; polymer gel electrolytes; solution casting technique; transference number; Introduction For the past two decades

• in the polymer which assists in the rapid ion motion while keeping its mechanical stability. The second aim is to increase the ionic conductivity of the electrolytes, which is generally insufficient for practical applications in electrochemical energy storage devices. Hence, different kinds of

• contribution to the total conductivity is negligible. Conclusion The present study was mainly focused on the development of polymer electrolytes with acceptable ionic conductivity values which can be suitable for energy storage applications. For this purpose, the ionic liquid [BDiMIM][Cl] was introduced in the

Revealing the formation mechanism and band gap tuning of Sb₂S₃ nanoparticles

• Maximilian Joschko,
• Franck Yvan Fotue Wafo,
• Christina Malsi,
• Danilo Kisić,
• Ivana Validžić and
• Christina Graf

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1021–1033, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.76

• a promising absorption material for photovoltaic applications [2][3][4]. Furthermore, the material is also suitable for various electronic and optoelectronic applications, such as energy storage [5] or optical data storage [6]. Sb2S3 appears in two forms: an orange, amorphous form and a grayish

Progress and innovation of nanostructured sulfur cathodes and metal-free anodes for room-temperature Na–S batteries

• Marina Tabuyo-Martínez,
• Bernd Wicklein and
• Pilar Aranda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 995–1020, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.75

• systems, but the current lithium-ion battery technology may face limitations in the future concerning the availability of raw materials and socio-economic insecurities. Sodium–sulfur (Na–S) batteries are a promising alternative energy storage device for small- to large-scale applications driven by more

• storage systems is essential for sustainable development [1][2]. Not only would it allow for a longer operation range of electronic devices such as mobile consumer electronics, electric vehicles, and stationary energy storage systems. It would also reduce fossil fuel reliance and greenhouse gas emissions

• if charged with “green electricity”. Therefore, improving energy storage may lead to more sustainable energy consumption [3]. In this context, rechargeable batteries play an important role owing to the fact that electrochemical energy storage is more efficient than physical energy storage [4]. Today

Paper-based triboelectric nanogenerators and their applications: a review

• Jing Han,
• Nuo Xu,
• Yuchen Liang,
• Mei Ding,
• Junyi Zhai,
• Qijun Sun and
• Zhong Lin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 151–171, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.12

• built. Even worse, harvested wind and solar energy cannot be incorporated into the power grid, which inevitably calls for additional energy storage facilities [11][12][13]. Therefore, there are still increasing demands for the development of power sources which are highly efficient, clean, and

• generally stored in energy storage devices first. This can be performed by using a bridge rectifier and different types of capacitors. The charged capacitor is then used to power the target electronic devices, such as segmented LED display, liquid crystal display (LCD), and electroluminescence (EL) display

ZnO and MXenes as electrode materials for supercapacitor devices

• Ameen Uddin Ammar,
• Ipek Deniz Yildirim,
• Feray Bakan and
• Emre Erdem

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 49–57, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.4

• Supercapacitor devices are interesting owing to their broad range of applicability from wearable electronics to energy storage in electric vehicles. One of the key parameters that affect the efficiency of supercapacitor devices is selecting the ideal electrode material for a specific application. Regarding this

• capacity and high energy density so that in the near future supercapacitors might work together with batteries as an integrated energy storage system. Metal oxides, MXenes, and perovskites are the most promising electrode materials for this end. However, the specific capacitance values of those electrodes

• ][16][17]. The need of green and clean energy comes with the price of new energy storage systems where the most prominent challenge lies within the integration of sources [15][18][19]. Indeed, there is a need for quickly responding systems in wind and solar energy facilities [15]. Also, energy storage

Self-standing heterostructured NiC_x-NiFe-NC/biochar as a highly efficient cathode for lithium–oxygen batteries

• Shengyu Jing,
• Xu Gong,
• Shan Ji,
• Linhui Jia,
• Bruno G. Pollet,
• Sheng Yan and
• Huagen Liang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1809–1821, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.163

• sources, such as wind and solar, account for a slowly growing fraction of the energy that is consumed worldwide [1][2]. Due to the unstable and intermittent power output of most renewable energy sources, energy storage and conversion devices play an important role in providing electricity in an efficient

• , constant, on-demand, and reliable manner [3][4][5][6]. Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) play critical roles in many clean energy storage and conversion devices (e.g., hydrogen produced from water splitting via water electrolyzers, hydrogen fuel cells, and metal–air

• poisoning tolerance, and scarcity of PGM-based ORR and OER catalysts significantly impede their application in energy storage and conversion devices at a large scale [14][15]. Therefore, there is an urgent and high demand for the development of alternatives to these PGM-based catalysts, at low cost and with

Seebeck coefficient of silicon nanowire forests doped by thermal diffusion

• Shaimaa Elyamny,
• Elisabetta Dimaggio and
• Giovanni Pennelli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1707–1713, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.153

• , energy storage (supercapacitors), and, in particular, thermoelectric applications [15][16][17]. There are two main requirements to the fabrication of a leg for a thermoelectric generator that is based on a large number of silicon nanowires perpendicular to a substrate: 1) Electrical contacts need to

Helium ion microscope – secondary ion mass spectrometry for geological materials

• Matthew R. Ball,
• Richard J. M. Taylor,
• Joshua F. Einsle,
• Fouzia Khanom,
• Christelle Guillermier and
• Richard J. Harrison

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1504–1515, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.133

• HIM–SIMS using Li as a test element. The choice of Li is particularly relevant for geoscience applications as it represents a key geological resource for green energy storage, a challenge to the commonly used scanning electron microscope (SEM)-based microanalysis methods, which rely on energy

Wafer-level integration of self-aligned high aspect ratio silicon 3D structures using the MACE method with Au, Pd, Pt, Cu, and Ir

• Mathias Franz,
• Romy Junghans,
• Paul Schmitt,
• Adriana Szeghalmi and
• Stefan E. Schulz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1439–1449, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.128

• significantly boost the performance of modern sensors, energy storage devices, or energy harvesters and have become essential in their development. These structures can either be well-defined regular structures fabricated in a top-down process, or self-assembled random structures from bottom-up processes. These

• demonstrate a wafer-level integration of high aspect ratio nanoporous templates. These self-assembled silicon nanostructures are locally defined. This is the basis of a local platform of high specific surface area for the fabrication of functional devices such as sensors, harvesters, or energy storage devices

Structure and electrochemical performance of electrospun-ordered porous carbon/graphene composite nanofibers

• Yi Wang,
• Yanhua Song,
• Chengwei Ye and
• Lan Xu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1280–1290, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.112

• ; electrochemistry; electrode material; electrospinning method; ordered and porous nanofibers; supercapacitor; Introduction As the technology sector develops, societal demands for energy storage devices also increases. Supercapacitors, including electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) and pseudo-capacitance

• devices [1][2], are one of the most needed energy storage devices. Their main characteristics include high energy density, high power density, and fast charging speed [3][4][5]. These instruments have electrodes that are composed of either carbonaceous materials (carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon

• electrochemical behavior [49]. EIS is one of the most accurate methods to analyze the dynamic process of diffusion in the electric double layer of an electrode. It is also commonly used to study the high energy storage capacity mechanism in electrodes. The general EIS spectrum is mainly composed of two parts: the

Gas sorption porosimetry for the evaluation of hard carbons as anodes for Li- and Na-ion batteries

• Yuko Matsukawa,
• Fabian Linsenmann,
• Maximilian A. Plass,
• George Hasegawa,
• Katsuro Hayashi and
• Tim-Patrick Fellinger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1217–1229, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.106

• descriptors to the obtained capacities remains a scientific challenge. Keywords: alkaline-ion secondary battery; gas sorption porosimetry; hard carbon; irreversible capacity; ultramicroporosity; Introduction Lithium-ion battery (LIB)-based energy storage devices have been gaining high interest in the recent

• years in many industrial branches, ranging from electronic devices over battery electric vehicles (BEVs) to applications in grid energy storage. Since for grid energy storage a large amount of installed absolute capacity (rather than specific capacity) is required and LIB cells are still expensive

• the availability of Li and its price will most likely become an issue [5]. Accordingly, for grid energy storage the priority is shifting from energy density to production cost and longevity [6]. Since Na is the fourth most abundant element in the earth’s crust, the production cost for typical

3D superconducting hollow nanowires with tailored diameters grown by focused He⁺ beam direct writing

• Rosa Córdoba,
• Alfonso Ibarra,
• Dominique Mailly,
• Isabel Guillamón,
• Hermann Suderow and
• José María De Teresa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1198–1206, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.104

• . The presented methodology yields an advanced bottom-up approach for the fabrication of innovative 3D nano-architectures, in which nano-superconductivity may provide an advantage, for future electronic components, particularly for sensors, energy-storage components, and quantum computing. Experimental

High permittivity, breakdown strength, and energy storage density of polythiophene-encapsulated BaTiO₃ nanoparticles

• Adnanullah Khan,
• Amir Habib and
• Adeel Afzal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1190–1197, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.103

• Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, PO Box 1803, Hafr Al Batin, 39524, Saudi Arabia 10.3762/bjnano.11.103 Abstract High permittivity and breakdown strength are desired to improve the energy storage density of dielectric materials based on reinforced polymer composites

• excellent dielectric properties with high permittivity (25.2) and low loss (0.04) at high frequency (106 Hz). A thick PTh encapsulation layer on the surface of the BTO nanoparticles improves their breakdown strength from 47 to 144 kV/mm and the energy storage density from 0.32 to 2.48 J/cm3. A 7.75-fold

• increase in the energy storage density of the BTO-PTh nanoparticles is attributed to simultaneously high permittivity and breakdown strength, which are excellent for potential energy storage applications. Keywords: barium titanate (BaTiO3) nanoparticles; breakdown strength; dielectric materials; energy

Atomic layer deposition for efficient oxygen evolution reaction at Pt/Ir catalyst layers

• Stefanie Schlicht,
• Korcan Percin,
• Stefanie Kriescher,
• André Hofer,
• Claudia Weidlich,
• Matthias Wessling and
• Julien Bachmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 952–959, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.79

• ); Introduction Reversible electrochemical energy storage devices such as rechargeable batteries, redox flow batteries (RFBs) and regenerative fuel cells (bifunctional devices able to work as electrolyzers and fuel cells) are at the forefront of a renewable energy economy as they allow one to overcome the

• Ti as the electrode substrate with Pt and Ir as catalyst(s) is one of the few that ensure stability against the strongly acidic and oxidizing conditions of a reversible fuel cell. However, OER/ORR electrodes in some other electrochemical energy storage devices may have to endure even more harsh

• coating. Conclusion We have demonstrated and compared two different methods for preparing a bimetallic catalyst electrode for application in electrochemical energy storage and release in electrolyzer/fuel cells, in vanadium–air redox flow batteries, or in other related devices. The preparation bases on

Nickel nanoparticles supported on a covalent triazine framework as electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction and oxygen reduction reactions

• Secil Öztürk,
• Yu-Xuan Xiao,
• Dennis Dietrich,
• Beatriz Giesen,
• Juri Barthel,
• Jie Ying,
• Xiao-Yu Yang and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 770–781, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.62

• nitrogen-containing aromatic polymer frameworks with triazine rings, which exhibit high surface area, porosity, and thermal and chemical stability [21][22]. CTFs are promising materials for applications such as catalysts or catalyst support [23][24][25] and for energy storage and conversion [26][27][28

Exfoliation in a low boiling point solvent and electrochemical applications of MoO₃

• Matangi Sricharan,
• Bikesh Gupta,
• Sreejesh Moolayadukkam and
• H. S. S. Ramakrishna Matte

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 662–670, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.52

• in areas such as energy storage devices, electronic devices and catalysis. To efficiently utilize the properties of MoO3 arising from its two-dimensional nature exfoliation is necessary. In this work, the exfoliation of MoO3 is carried out in 2-butanone for the first time. The achieved concentration

Comparison of fresh and aged lithium iron phosphate cathodes using a tailored electrochemical strain microscopy technique

• Matthias Simolka,
• Hanno Kaess and
• Kaspar Andreas Friedrich

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 583–596, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.46

• , Institute of Building Energetics, Thermal Engineering and Energy Storage (IGTE), Pfaffenwaldring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.11.46 Abstract Electrochemical strain microscopy (ESM) is a powerful atomic force microscopy (AFM) mode for the investigation of ion dynamics and activities in energy

• microscopy (ESM); LiFePO4; Introduction The growing demand for safe, reliable and efficient energy storage is supporting the development and improvement of current battery technology. Since the introduction of the first Li-ion battery by Sony in the 1990s, the energy and power density have increased yearly

• storage materials. Here we compare the changes in commercial LiFePO4 cathodes due to ageing and its influence on the measured ESM signal. Additionally, the ESM signal dynamics are analysed to generate characteristic time constants of the diffusion process, induced by a dc-voltage pulse, which changes the

High-performance asymmetric supercapacitor made of NiMoO₄ nanorods@Co₃O₄ on a cellulose-based carbon aerogel

• Meixia Wang,
• Jing Zhang,
• Xibin Yi,
• Benxue Liu,
• Xinfu Zhao and
• Xiaochan Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 240–251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.18

• 2000 cycles), indicating its wide applicability in energy storage. Finally, our results provide a general approach to the construction of CA and MOF-based composite materials with hierarchical porous structure for potential applications in supercapacitors. Keywords: carbon aerogel; hierarchically

• ]. Among them, supercapacitors are promising candidates for energy storage owing to their advanced charge/discharge properties, the high power density and their long life cycles [5][6]. Based on the charge storage mechanism, supercapacitors can be classified into electrical double layer capacitors (EDLCs

Synthesis of amorphous and graphitized porous nitrogen-doped carbon spheres as oxygen reduction reaction catalysts

• Maximilian Wassner,
• Markus Eckardt,
• Andreas Reyer,
• Thomas Diemant,
• Michael S. Elsaesser,
• R. Jürgen Behm and
• Nicola Hüsing

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1–15, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.1

• Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) via ERA-Chemistry [BE1201/20-1]. The authors thank Mubera Suljic (Paris Lodron University Salzburg) for providing technical assistance with nitrogen sorption analysis. The work at Ulm contributes to the research performed at CELEST (Center for Electrochemical Energy Storage Ulm-Karlsruhe).

Adsorption and desorption of self-assembled L-cysteine monolayers on nanoporous gold monitored by in situ resistometry

• Elisabeth Hengge,
• Eva-Maria Steyskal,
• Rupert Bachler,
• Alexander Dennig,
• Bernd Nidetzky and
• Roland Würschum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2275–2279, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.219

• ] and energy storage [3], nanoporous metals exhibit great potential in biochemical applications [4]. In addition to their various useful intrinsic characteristics, such as high surface-to-volume ratio and tunable mechanical properties, some applications require a modification of the surface, e.g., by