Solvent-induced assembly of mono- and divalent silica nanoparticles

• Bin Liu,
• Etienne Duguet and
• Serge Ravaine

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 52–60, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.6

• ), dimers (magenta circles), trimers (blue triangles), and large clusters (grey diamonds), as determined by statistical analysis of TEM images for different PPSR values: d) 0.57; e) 0.45; f) 0.38; g) 0.30 or 0.23. Dotted lines are a guide to the eye. Representative TEM images of dimers, trimers, and large

• . Scale bars: 200 nm. Experimental conditions are displayed in Table 1. b) Time dependence of for 1-PSN/2-PSN = 0 (magenta), 0.5 (light blue), 1 (green), and 1.5 (blue). Curves are a guide to the eye. c) TEM image of a chain obtained by mixing 2-PSN with 1-PSN with a PPSR of 0.60 (1-PSN/2-PSN = 0.5

From a free electron gas to confined states: A mixed island of PTCDA and copper phthalocyanine on Ag(111)

• Alfred J. Weymouth,
• Emily Roche and
• Franz J. Giessibl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1572–1577, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.131

• ) Constant-height AFM image (plane-subtracted) above an area with two local stoichiometries: with two PTCDA molecules for each CuPc (P2C) and with a one-to-one mixture (PC). The unit cell of the PC phase is indicated by the green arrows. (b) The same image with ball-and-stick figures to guide the eye. (c

Roll-to-roll fabrication of superhydrophobic pads covered with nanofur for the efficient clean-up of oil spills

• Patrick Weiser,
• Robin Kietz,
• Marc Schneider,
• Matthias Worgull and
• Hendrik Hölscher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1228–1239, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.102

• account [30]. To illustrate the superhydrophobic properties of the nanofur, the video in Supporting Information File 1 shows water drops on a polypropylene sheet rolling around as the sheet is tilted. The high contact angle can be seen even with the naked eye. Since oil absorption is one of the

Microneedle-based ocular drug delivery systems – recent advances and challenges

• Piotr Gadziński,
• Anna Froelich,
• Monika Wojtyłko,
• Antoni Białek,
• Julia Krysztofiak and
• Tomasz Osmałek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1167–1184, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.98

• Abstract Eye diseases and injuries constitute a significant clinical problem worldwide. Safe and effective delivery of drugs to the eye is challenging mostly due to the presence of ocular barriers and clearance mechanisms. In everyday practice, the traditional eye drops, gels and ointments are most often

• developments in microtechnology, in recent years, there has been a remarkable advance in the development of microneedle-based systems as an alternative, non-invasive form for administering drugs to the eye. This review summarizes the latest achievements in the field of obtaining microneedle ocular patches. In

• physiology of the eye are summarized and discussed. Keywords: eye; microneedles; ocular drug delivery; ophthalmic drugs; Review 1 Introduction Since its first appearance in biomedicine, microtechnology is rapidly entering the world of pharmaceutical sciences, including pharmaceutical technology [1][2][3][4

Recent advances in green carbon dots (2015–2022): synthesis, metal ion sensing, and biological applications

• Aisha Kanwal,
• Naheed Bibi,
• Sajjad Hyder,
• Arif Muhammad,
• Hao Ren,
• Jiangtao Liu and
• Zhongli Lei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1068–1107, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.93

Design of a biomimetic, small-scale artificial leaf surface for the study of environmental interactions

• Miriam Anna Huth,
• Axel Huth,
• Lukas Schreiber and
• Kerstin Koch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 944–957, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.83

• not roll off even at a TA of 90°. In such samples, the wax layer was probably damaged or contaminated. Both wax alteration and contamination can lead to a change in wettability [75][79]. No damage or contamination was visible to the naked eye in the leaves used. SEM images of the leaves from the field

Stimuli-responsive polypeptide nanogels for trypsin inhibition

• Petr Šálek,
• Jana Dvořáková,
• Sviatoslav Hladysh,
• Diana Oleshchuk,
• Ewa Pavlova,
• Jan Kučka and
• Vladimír Proks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 538–548, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.45

• value of DH (a) and zeta potential (b) of PHEG-Tyr nanogel at 25 (squares) and 37 °C (triangles). The lines are to guide the eye. Dependence on the pH value of DH (a) and zeta potential (b) of Nα-Lys-NG nanogel at 25 (squares) and 37 °C (triangles). The lines are to guide the eye. Release of 125I

• -radiolabeled albumin from PHEG-Tyr (a) and Nα-Lys-NG (b) nanogels at initial 125I-radiolabeled albumin concentrations of 1 mg/mL (squares), 0.75 mg/mL (circles), and 0.5 mg/mL (triangles). The lines are to guide the eye. Release of 125I-radiolabeled α-1-antitrypsin from PHEG-Tyr (a) and Nα-Lys-NG (b) nanogels

• at initial 125I-radiolabeled α-1-antitrypsin concentrations of 1 mg/mL (squares), 0.75 mg/mL (circles), and 0.5 mg/mL (triangles). The lines are to guide the eye. Spectrophotometric measurements of enzymatic assay of trypsin at trypsin/substrate ratio 1:50 (a) and 1:25 (b) using trypsin without

The role of sulfonate groups and hydrogen bonding in the proton conductivity of two coordination networks

• Ali Javed,
• Felix Steinke,
• Stephan Wöhlbrandt,
• Hana Bunzen,
• Norbert Stock and
• Michael Tiemann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 437–443, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.36

• obtained by using a modified equivalent circuit model, as mentioned above. A second semicircle, superimposing the first one, needs to be accounted for, though this is hardly distinguishable by the naked eye. This finding suggests that, in this case, proton conduction occurs by two distinct processes. The

• activation. Measurements were conducted at 22 °C and 90% r.h.; lines represent the fit results from using the equivalent circuits described in the text. Proton conductivity (dashed lines as a guide to the eye) of [Mg(H2O)2(H3L)]·H2O (Mg-CP) and [Pb2(HL)]·H2O (Pb-MOF) at variable relative humidity (22 °C

•  1). (a) Proton conductivity (dashed lines as guide to the eye) of [Mg(H2O)2(H3L)]·H2O (Mg-CP) and [Pb2(HL)]·H2O (Pb-MOF) at different temperatures (90% r.h.). (b) Arrhenius plot (with linear regression) of the same data. *The lower values for Mg-CP (gray) correspond to the conduction mode that is

Selected properties of Al_xZn_yO thin films prepared by reactive pulsed magnetron sputtering using a two-element Zn/Al target

• Witold Posadowski,
• Artur Wiatrowski,
• Jarosław Domaradzki and
• Michał Mazur

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 344–354, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.29

• deposited on both sides of the glass substrate as a function of the distance X from the Zn/Al target axis. The line is to guide the eye. Results of investigations on optical transmission: (a) transmission (T) spectra and (b) dependence of the cut-off wavelength on the distance X from the Zn/Al target axis

• . The line in (b) is to guide the eye. Dependence of thickness of thin films deposited on the front and back sides of the substrate as a function of the distance X from the Zn/Al target axis. The lines are to guide the eye. Distribution of the resistivity of thin films deposited on the front and back

• sides of the glass substrate as a function of the distance X from the Zn/Al target axis. The lines are to guide the eye. Results of the optical bandgap width estimated from optical measurements for thin films deposited at the front side of the substrate as a function of the distance X from the Zn/Al

A photonic crystal material for the online detection of nonpolar hydrocarbon vapors

• Evgenii S. Bolshakov,
• Aleksander V. Ivanov,
• Andrei A. Kozlov,
• Anton S. Aksenov,
• Elena V. Isanbaeva,
• Sergei E. Kushnir,
• Aleksei D. Yapryntsev,
• Aleksander E. Baranchikov and
• Yury A. Zolotov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 127–136, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.9

• SCI and SCE modes. The studies of kinetics have been carried out using a mini-spectrophotometer “eye-one Pro” (X-Rite, Inc., USA). The thickness of the stimuli-responsive layer (PDMS and CCA) has been measured by using a “Constant K5” thickness gauge (KONSTANTA LLC, Russia) with an ID2 induction

• polymer regarding material strength. Method Figure 8a shows the scheme of the experimental equipment. It consists of the spectrophotometer “eye-one Pro” and a peripheral device, which is made of black composite material based on epoxy resins for visible-light absorption and to elude backward reflection

• exposure to toluene vapor, red – at the response point, blue – 8 min after the exposure (data obtained with an “eye-one Pro” mini-spectrophotometer). (b, c) The starting position of the maximum reflection and initial photo images of the sensor before the next cycle of exposure to toluene vapor (data

Sputtering onto liquids: a critical review

• Anastasiya Sergievskaya,
• Adrien Chauvin and
• Stephanos Konstantinidis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 10–53, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.2

Cantilever signature of tip detachment during contact resonance AFM

• Devin Kalafut,
• Ryan Wagner,
• Maria Jose Cadena,
• Anil Bajaj and
• Arvind Raman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1286–1296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.96

• . Transparent AFM cantilever shapes are included to suggest the motion of the device during vibration response. Though the laser spot change on the detector appears to the naked eye as a resultant of the cantilever deflection, the vertical scaling is greatly exaggerated for clarity; it is actually the slope

The role of convolutional neural networks in scanning probe microscopy: a review

• Ido Azuri,
• Irit Rosenhek-Goldian,
• Neta Regev-Rudzki,
• Georg Fantner and
• Sidney R. Cohen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 878–901, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.66

• detected differences in the actin cytoskeleton structures between cancerous and normal breast cells that were not discerned by the human eye [105]. Nitta et al. developed an intelligent real-time cell sorter, by combining deep-learning with microfluidics. They achieved automated classification of

Gold(I) N-heterocyclic carbene precursors for focused electron beam-induced deposition

• Cristiano Glessi,
• Aya Mahgoub,
• Cornelis W. Hagen and
• Mats Tilset

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 257–269, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.21

• the eye. Synthesis routes for 1–7. Sublimation temperatures, melting points, and the chosen temperature for deposition of the studied precursors. Elemental composition of deposits obtained by EDX with all values given in atom %. In addition, the ratio between carbon content and gold content in the

Toward graphene textiles in wearable eye tracking systems for human–machine interaction

• Ata Jedari Golparvar and
• Murat Kaya Yapici

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 180–189, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.14

• , USA 10.3762/bjnano.12.14 Abstract The study of eye movements and the measurement of the resulting biopotential, referred to as electrooculography (EOG), may find increasing use in applications within the domain of activity recognition, context awareness, mobile human–computer and human–machine

• interaction (HCI/HMI), and personal medical devices; provided that, seamless sensing of eye activity and processing thereof is achieved by a truly wearable, low-cost, and accessible technology. The present study demonstrates an alternative to the bulky and expensive camera-based eye tracking systems and

• electronics with real-time signal processing capability that can stream data to a remote device over Bluetooth. The potential of graphene textiles in wearable eye tracking and eye-operated remote object interaction is demonstrated by controlling a mouse cursor on screen for typing with a virtual keyboard and

Paper-based triboelectric nanogenerators and their applications: a review

• Jing Han,
• Nuo Xu,
• Yuchen Liang,
• Mei Ding,
• Junyi Zhai,
• Qijun Sun and
• Zhong Lin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 151–171, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.12

• design and to be low cost and lightweight. TENGs have also shown the pivotal ability to convert low-frequency mechanical energy from walking, waving, and eye-blinking into electricity. TENGs can readily serve as a sustainable power supply based on four basic operation modes [29], including vertical

Bio-imaging with the helium-ion microscope: A review

• Matthias Schmidt,
• James M. Byrne and
• Ilari J. Maasilta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1–23, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.1

• Boseman et al. [13]. Many different areas were imaged such as the eye, the wing and body surfaces, the sensory bristles, and the legs, with observations of nanoscale features. In addition, the pupal case and some larval tissues were also investigated. In 2013, Joens et al. [6] published a groundbreaking

Towards 3D self-assembled rolled multiwall carbon nanotube structures by spontaneous peel off

• Jonathan Quinson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1865–1872, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.168

• is observed, by the naked eye, that layers peel off from the MWCNT forests after synthesis. This is observed without the need to apply any mechanical stress. However, when this phenomenon occurs, it is not possible to identify an area without MWCNTs. In other words, despite the peeling off the

• first observed by the naked eye. Based on a morphological characterization from a previous work [16], four distinct sections are identified along the MWCNT forest. From top to bottom (bottom is marked by the silicon substrate at the bottom of the image), one can see a “wavy”, a “straight”, another “wavy

Electron beam-induced deposition of platinum from Pt(CO)₂Cl₂ and Pt(CO)₂Br₂

• Aya Mahgoub,
• Hang Lu,
• Rachel M. Thorman,
• Konstantin Preradovic,
• Titel Jurca,
• Lisa McElwee-White,
• Howard Fairbrother and
• Cornelis W. Hagen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1789–1800, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.161

• )2Cl2 (closed symbols). The error bars originate from a ±10 nm error in size measurements taken manually from SEM images. The lines between the points serve as guides to the eye and the insets show expansions of the data in the rectangular (red) areas. Comparison of pillars grown in experiment 2 from

• comparison, the graph also contains the heights obtained from MeCpPtMe3 and Pt(CO)2Cl2 in experiment 1. The error bars originate from ±10 nm errors in size measurements taken manually from SEM images. The lines between the points serve as a guide to the eye and the inset shows an expansion of the data in the

Absorption and photoconductivity spectra of amorphous multilayer structures

• Oxana Iaseniuc and
• Mihail Iovu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1757–1763, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.158

• are a guide to the eye. Peak position in the spectral distribution of the photocurrent of amorphous thin-film HS as a function of the applied voltage with positive (1) and negative (2) polarity (applied field E = 5 × 104 V/cm). The lines are a guide to the eye. The magnifying power K of the different

• thin-film structures at positive (1) and at negative (2) polarity of the applied voltage (applied field E = 5 × 104 V/cm). The lines are a guide to the eye. The magnifying power K of the amorphous thin-film HS as a function of the applied voltage with positive (1) and negative (2) polarity. The lines

• are a guide to the eye. Funding This work was supported by the project ANCD 20.80009.5007.14.

Imaging and milling resolution of light ion beams from helium ion microscopy and FIBs driven by liquid metal alloy ion sources

• Nico Klingner,
• Gregor Hlawacek,
• Paul Mazarov,
• Wolfgang Pilz,
• Fabian Meyer and
• Lothar Bischoff

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1742–1749, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.156

• ), experimentally achieved trench width, and simulated minimum milling width (FWHM) for FIBs working with different ion species and technologies depending on the ion mass. The line serves as a guide to the eye. SRIM simulation [39] of the sputter profile from a 30 keV point-like beam in a gold substrate as a

Wafer-level integration of self-aligned high aspect ratio silicon 3D structures using the MACE method with Au, Pd, Pt, Cu, and Ir

• Mathias Franz,
• Romy Junghans,
• Paul Schmitt,
• Adriana Szeghalmi and
• Stefan E. Schulz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1439–1449, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.128

• moth-eye effect. The samples etched with 190 mmol/L and 240 mmol/L H2O2 showed an average reflectance of 0.22%. Figure 7 shows the etching results for wafers covered with Pd (Figure 7a,b) or Pt (Figure 7c,d) nanoparticles. Both were etched with an H2O2 concentration of 50 mmol/L. The etching processes

Analysis of catalyst surface wetting: the early stage of epitaxial germanium nanowire growth

• Owen C. Ernst,
• Felix Lange,
• David Uebel,
• Thomas Teubner and
• Torsten Boeck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1371–1380, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.121

• to the eye: dashed red line) and mean droplet diameter values (black dots, guide to the eye: dashed black line) as a function of the substrate temperature. The insets show histograms with the size distribution of droplet diameter values at 550 °C. For Au on SiOx the distribution is approximated by a

Growth of a self-assembled monolayer decoupled from the substrate: nucleation on-command using buffer layers

• Robby Reynaerts,
• Kunal S. Mali and
• Steven De Feyter

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1291–1302, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.113

• . (a) STM image showing the superposition of the n-C50 lamellae with those of BA-OC14 confirming the bilayer structure of the system. Panels (b) and (c) show the same STM image with colored markers to aid the eye to identify the superimposed STM contrast arising from the columns of benzoic acid (blue

Integrated photonics multi-waveguide devices for optical trapping and Raman spectroscopy: design, fabrication and performance demonstration

• Gyllion B. Loozen,
• Arnica Karuna,
• Mohammad M. R. Fanood,
• Erik Schreuder and
• Jacob Caro

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 829–842, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.68

• . This hopping is visible by eye in the camera image and can be seen for a 3 μm bead in the 2-waveguide device in Supporting Information File 4. With increasing Pfib the local traps becomes stronger, resulting in stronger confinement of the Brownian motion of a bead in the local trapping potential. For