Fabrication of hafnium-based nanoparticles and nanostructures using picosecond laser ablation

• Abhishek Das,
• Mangababu Akkanaboina,
• Jagannath Rathod,
• R. Sai Prasad Goud,
• Kanaka Ravi Kumar,
• Raghu C. Reddy,
• Ratheesh Ravendran,
• Katia Vutova,
• S. V. S. Nageswara Rao and
• Venugopal Rao Soma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1639–1653, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.129

• . All NPs exhibited novel optical reflectance properties. Reflectance measurements revealed that the fabricated NPs had a very high and broad optical absorption throughout the UV–vis–NIR range. The NPs synthesised in toluene exhibited the best absorption. The successful fabrication of Hf NSs with the

• fabrication of the NPs and NSs. The ablation was performed in three different liquids, that is, DW, toluene, and anisole. As illustrated in Figure 2, the incoming laser beam was focused vertically on the Hf target in a liquid-filled glass cell using a plano-convex lens (f = 80 mm). The liquid surface was

• illustrates the NS fabrication with picosecond LAL by raster scanning the Hf target. The figure also depicts the LSFL and HSFL formed on the target during the scanning process. The LAL technique is versatile since the NPs and NSs are obtained simultaneously in a single experiment, which is impossible with any

Heterogeneous reactions in a HFCVD reactor: simulation using a 2D model

• Xochitl Aleyda Morán Martínez,
• José Alberto Luna López,
• Zaira Jocelyn Hernández Simón,
• Gabriel Omar Mendoza Conde,
• José Álvaro David Hernández de Luz and
• Godofredo García Salgado

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1627–1638, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.128

• for the subsequent growth of the SiOx films. These SiOx films have interesting properties and embedded nanostructures, which make them excellent dielectric, optoelectronic, and electroacoustic materials for the fabrication of devices compatible with silicon-based technology. Keywords: 2D model

Electrochemical nanostructured CuBTC/FeBTC MOF composite sensor for enrofloxacin detection

• Thi Kim Ngan Nguyen,
• Tien Dat Doan,
• Huy Hieu Luu,
• Hoang Anh Nguyen,
• Thi Thu Ha Vu,
• Quang Hai Tran,
• Ha Tran Nguyen,
• Thanh Binh Dang,
• Thi Hai Yen Pham and
• Mai Ha Hoang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1522–1535, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.120

• current of approximately 6 µA. Therefore, the optimal weight percentages of 5% CuBTC and 5% FeBTC were chosen for electrode fabrication in the subsequent experiments. Effect of supporting electrolyte on the ENR signal The electrolyte plays a crucial role in the oxidation reaction of ENR. Four electrolytes

Polymer lipid hybrid nanoparticles for phytochemical delivery: challenges, progress, and future prospects

• Iqra Rahat,
• Pooja Yadav,
• Aditi Singhal,
• Mohammad Fareed,
• Jaganathan Raja Purushothaman,
• Mohammed Aslam,
• Raju Balaji,
• Sonali Patil-Shinde and
• Md. Rizwanullah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1473–1497, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.118

• , and a short biological half-life [136][137]. Markowski et al. reported the design and fabrication of UA-loaded PLHNPs for improved therapeutic efficacy against pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells [138]. The formulated nanocarrier showed better serum stability and long-term stability. Cell culture

Ion-induced surface reactions and deposition from Pt(CO)₂Cl₂ and Pt(CO)₂Br₂

• Mohammed K. Abdel-Rahman,
• Patrick M. Eckhert,
• Atul Chaudhary,
• Johnathon M. Johnson,
• Jo-Chi Yu,
• Lisa McElwee-White and
• D. Howard Fairbrother

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1427–1439, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.115

• greater purity such as the FEBID fabrication of Co3Fe nanowires [15][26][27]. Similarly, the frequently studied Pt precursor MeCpPtMe3 yields a deposit with nearly 100% Pt content from CVD [28][29]. This purity is achieved by utilizing reactive carrier gases, such as H2 and O2, as co-reactants during

Lithium niobate on insulator: an emerging nanophotonic crystal for optimized light control

• Midhun Murali,
• Amit Banerjee and
• Tanmoy Basu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1415–1426, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.114

• (QIP) systems. Despite the challenges such as fabrication complexity [6] and loss mitigation scalability to complex circuits [7], the potential benefits of DBRs for QIP applications continue to drive research and development in this field [8]. As fabrication techniques and material systems develop

• from the visible to the infrared (400–5000 nm) [13]. The high degree of flexibility in fabrication created functional photonic nanostructures such as microring, periodically poled lithium niobate, and photonic crystals [14][15]. This versatility makes it suitable for DBRs to be used in various

• applications. Moreover, its platform with established fabrication techniques guarantees consistent device performance. Finally, the potential for integration with other photonic components on a single chip, coupled with its CMOS compatibility, paves the way for highly sophisticated photonic integrated circuits

Various CVD-grown ZnO nanostructures for nanodevices and interdisciplinary applications

• The-Long Phan,
• Le Viet Cuong,
• Vu Dinh Lam and
• Ngoc Toan Dang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1390–1399, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.112

• surface effects dependent on the surface-to-volume ratio, which directly influences the electronic structure and the crystal structure symmetry. Thus, the study and fabrication of nanomaterials not only aim at exploring novel approaches of quantum physics, but also at realizing new multifunctional

• microcavities [9]. Additionally, it is a transparent semiconductor with significant piezoelectricity [10]. These noble characteristics suggest ZnO to be a potential material in the fabrication of UV/blue/green LEDs, solid-state random lasers, UV-absorption devices, and nanogenerators [9][11][12][13]. Magnetic

• intelligence and internet of things [15][16][17]. Particularly during material fabrication processes, it has been discovered that ZnO exhibits many interesting structures in the nanoscale, such as rods, wires, rings, tubes, helixes, stars, bows, propellers, and cages [18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. Together with

A biomimetic approach towards a universal slippery liquid infused surface coating

• Ryan A. Faase,
• Madeleine H. Hummel,
• AnneMarie V. Hasbrook,
• Andrew P. Carpenter and
• Joe E. Baio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1376–1389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.111

• fabrication of SLIPS by producing the required lubricant anchor layer through the polymerization of dopamine. This dopamine polymerization step is extremely simple and will form a “sticky” layer to almost any chemistry, thereby, providing a straightforward process to produce a SLIPS layer on almost any

Green synthesis of carbon dot structures from Rheum Ribes and Schottky diode fabrication

• Muhammed Taha Durmus and
• Ebru Bozkurt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1369–1375, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.110

• , Turkey 10.3762/bjnano.15.110 Abstract In this study, we aimed to synthesize new carbon dot structures (CDs) in a single step by using the plant Rheum Ribes for the first time and to contribute to the studies in the field of diode fabrication by using the new CDs. The CDs were obtained by hydrothermal

• supernatant was removed by decantation and a stock solution was prepared to be used in the studies. The prepared stock solution was stored at 4 °C to prevent contamination [15]. Schottky diode fabrication An n-type silicon substrate was used for Schottky diode fabrication. In the first step, the silicon

• , the quantum yield of the CDs was calculated as 0.03. Schottky diode fabrication The usability of these newly synthesized CDs in an application area was also discussed. For this purpose, a metal (Au)–semiconductor (CDs) junction-based thin film device was produced. SEM images were taken to determine

Out-of-plane polarization induces a picosecond photoresponse in rhombohedral stacked bilayer WSe₂

• Guixian Liu,
• Yufan Wang,
• Zhoujuan Xu,
• Zhouxiaosong Zeng,
• Lanyu Huang,
• Cuihuan Ge and
• Xiao Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1362–1368, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.109

• photoelectric detection. Experimental Device fabrication The 2D materials, WSe2 and graphene, were obtained from high-quality bulk crystals using the mechanical exfoliation method. The monolayer WSe2 nanoflakes were exfoliated onto a transparent polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) film, selected based on optical

Investigation of Hf/Ti bilayers for the development of transition-edge sensor microcalorimeters

• Victoria Y. Safonova,
• Anna V. Gordeeva,
• Anton V. Blagodatkin,
• Dmitry A. Pimanov,
• Anton A. Yablokov and
• Andrey L. Pankratov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1353–1361, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.108

• width of the superconducting transition, can be used to fabricate a TES microcalorimeter. Sample Fabrication The most typical geometry of a TES is a square, which is advantageous over the elongated shapes for its compactness, leading to more uniform heating during signal readout, and for reduced

• probability of obtaining inhomogeneous properties along the film during fabrication. As an example, the record energy resolution of just 0.1 eV was demonstrated in TES with sides of 10 × 10 μm2 in [15]. We fabricated three types of samples, namely (1) bridges in square shape with sides from 100 to 1000 μm as

Hymenoptera and biomimetic surfaces: insights and innovations

• Vinicius Marques Lopez,
• Carlo Polidori and
• Rhainer Guillermo Ferreira

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1333–1352, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.107

• fabrication of delicate devices by reducing contamination-induced defects. Digging: Many species of bees, wasps, and ants nest in the ground, showing a remarkable digging ability [143] (Figure 1E). Digging can be very efficient even in very hard soils [144], with some species excavating tunnels up to 1 m or

New design of operational MEMS bridges for measurements of properties of FEBID-based nanostructures

• Bartosz Pruchnik,
• Krzysztof Kwoka,
• Ewelina Gacka,
• Dominik Badura,
• Piotr Kunicki,
• Andrzej Sierakowski,
• Paweł Janus,
• Tomasz Piasecki and
• Teodor Gotszalk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1273–1282, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.103

• Photonics, Łukasiewicz Research Network, Lotników 32/46, 02-668, Warsaw, Poland 10.3762/bjnano.15.103 Abstract Focused electron beam-induced deposition (FEBID) is a novel technique for the development of multimaterial nanostructures. More importantly, it is applicable to the fabrication of free-standing

• of the nanostructures into larger devices remains one of the major challenges, especially when non-silicon materials (such as carbon nanotubes or multimaterial nanowires) are used [8][9][10]. Among the fabrication methods, particle beam-based methods offer the greatest versatility for rapid

• fabricate 3D substrates (Figure 1) with gaps that interrupt the halo deposition [23], as we have done in our previous work [24]. There are ongoing investigations related to the fabrication, characterization, and application of flat nanostructures [25], but in the flat architecture, there are less

Quantum-to-classical modeling of monolayer Ge₂Se₂ and its application in photovoltaic devices

• Anup Shrivastava,
• Shivani Saini,
• Dolly Kumari,
• Sanjai Singh and
• Jost Adam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1153–1169, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.94

• monolayered Ge2Se2. The easy fabrication, structural stability, and proper band alignment with the absorber material make it a promising hole transport layer (HTL) in the proposed solar cell. The proposed solar cell is a low-cost, environmentally friendly, scalable Perovskite solar cell (PSC), with Ge2Se2 as

• between active and transport layers The photovoltaic behavior of halide perovskites is significantly affected by the properties of the interfaces. This is because a majority of defects arises at the junction between two layers during the fabrication of the device, caused by mismatches in the lattice

Photocatalytic methane oxidation over a TiO₂/SiNWs p–n junction catalyst at room temperature

• Qui Thanh Hoai Ta,
• Luan Minh Nguyen,
• Ngoc Hoi Nguyen,
• Phan Khanh Thinh Nguyen and
• Dai Hai Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1132–1141, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.92

• over the TiO2/SiNWs sample. Proposed mechanism of photocatalytic CH4 oxidation reaction over p–n junction TiO2/SiNWs sample. Schematic illustration of TiO2/SiNWs chip fabrication starting from a p-type silicon wafer. A thin layer of TiO2 was deposited on the Si NWs via ALD. Comparison of the OCM

Direct electron beam writing of silver using a β-diketonate precursor: first insights

• Katja Höflich,
• Krzysztof Maćkosz,
• Chinmai S. Jureddy,
• Aleksei Tsarapkin and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1117–1124, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.90

• fabrication of nano-optical components, where the actual geometry in combination with the material composition governs the optical response of the device [13]. However, typically a dominant carbon portion is present in the deposit due to the use of organometallic precursors [9][14], which poses practical

• challenges in device design and fabrication. Accordingly, various methods to improve purity during [15][16][17][18] or after deposition [18][19][20][21][22] were developed. For plasmonic applications, a metallic surface layer with a thickness exceeding the skin depth is sufficient to obtain the desired

Unveiling the potential of alginate-based nanomaterials in sensing technology and smart delivery applications

• Shakhzodjon Uzokboev,
• Khojimukhammad Akhmadbekov,
• Ra’no Nuritdinova,
• Salah M. Tawfik and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1077–1104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.88

• meet the specific needs of glucose detection, such as incorporating glucose oxidase for enzymatic sensing, allowing for efficient and accurate glucose detection [140]. The fabrication of alginate-based nanoparticles for glucose detection involves several steps. First, alginate is mixed with a cross

Effect of wavelength and liquid on formation of Ag, Au, Ag/Au nanoparticles via picosecond laser ablation and SERS-based detection of DMMP

• Sree Satya Bharati Moram,
• Chandu Byram and
• Venugopal Rao Soma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1054–1069, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.86

• , such as high cost, chemical instability, and sustainability issues [22][23]. Menéndez-Manjón et al. [24] reported the synthesis of Ag/Au alloy NPs via picosecond LASiS of solid targets in monomer MMA. Amendola et al. [25] demonstrated the fabrication of magneto-plasmonic alloy NPs, such as Fe–Au, by

• affordable and accessible fabrication methods which guarantee stability and reproducibility along with accessible sample collection of SERS substrates. There has been significant interest in utilizing flexible materials such as paper, nitrocellulose, polymer film, cotton fabrics, adhesive tape, glass fibers

• al. [55], the authors demonstrated the Ag NP fabrication by varying the surrounding aqueous NaCl solution concentrations between 0 to 20 mM using a nanosecond laser at an excitation of 355 nm. Their study noticed increased Ag NP absorbance while changing the aqueous NaCl solution concentration from 0

Bolometric IR photoresponse based on a 3D micro-nano integrated CNT architecture

• Yasameen Al-Mafrachi,
• Sandeep Yadav,
• Sascha Preu,
• Jörg J. Schneider and
• Oktay Yilmazoglu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1030–1040, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.84

• customized specific requirements for various applications. While the thermal conductivity along the CNT orientation is large, it decreases dramatically in the perpendicular direction [5]. This thermal behavior varies significantly depending on structure, density, and fabrication of the CNTs. Single-walled

• thermal sensing solutions and sets the stage for transformative advances in non-cryogenic IR microbolometer and thermal detector technology. The following sections provide a comprehensive overview of the 3D micro-nano design, fabrication methods, performance characteristics, and potential applications

• reduction as well as sensitive and versatile thermal detection devices suitable for a wide range of high-tech applications. Fabrication process of the pixel-based CNT microbolometer. (a) AlOx deposition, (b) lithography process and metal contact evaporation, (c) iron catalyst evaporation, and (d) CNT growth

Recent progress on field-effect transistor-based biosensors: device perspective

• Billel Smaani,
• Fares Nafa,
• Mohamed Salah Benlatrech,
• Ismahan Mahdi,
• Hamza Akroum,
• Mohamed walid Azizi,
• Khaled Harrar and
• Sayan Kanungo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 977–994, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.80

• technology rapidly emerged [40][41]. However, all these FETs were highly bulky and required more space. Nakamoto et al. [42] later devised a biosensor with a novel fabrication method aligned well with the complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) fabrication process. Usually, biosensors convert

• from researchers due to their desirable properties and advantages, including low cost, label-free operation, high sensitivity, robustness, low power consumption, and a straightforward fabrication process based on CMOS technology [47][48]. A field-effect transistor-based biosensor comprises a

• . The gate metal around the three nanocavity regions was added for the best electrostatic control. Additionally, a spacer near the source region was removed to facilitate the introduction of biomolecules into the cavity. The fabrication process flow of the proposed VS NS FET has been detailed by Ryu et

Beyond biomimicry – next generation applications of bioinspired adhesives from microfluidics to composites

• Dan Sameoto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 965–976, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.79

• Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0. The source journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015. Panel (a) represents the fabrication process that may include gasket structures in addition to fibers and rigid backing layers to ensure that pressure

Electrospun nanofibers: building blocks for the repair of bone tissue

• Tuğrul Mert Serim,
• Gülin Amasya,
• Tuğba Eren-Böncü,
• Ceyda Tuba Şengel-Türk and
• Ayşe Nurten Özdemir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 941–953, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.77

• produced using various production techniques such as self-coupling and phase separation, and especially electrospinning. Electrospinning is a simple, scalable and versatile fabrication method for the production of various nanofiber formulations from a large number of different polymers. Polymer fiber

Water-assisted purification during electron beam-induced deposition of platinum and gold

• Cristiano Glessi,
• Fabian A. Polman and
• Cornelis W. Hagen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 884–896, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.73

• Cristiano Glessi Fabian A. Polman Cornelis W. Hagen Delft University of Technology, Fac. Applied Sciences, Dept. Imaging Physics, Lorentzweg 1, 2628CJ Delft, Netherlands 10.3762/bjnano.15.73 Abstract Direct fabrication of pure metallic nanostructures is one of the main aims of focused electron

• structures in applications such as nanoprobes and sensors [4][5][6], or for the fabrication of superconductors [7][8][9][10] and plasmonic devices [11][12][13]. A lower carbon content can be achieved by means of precursor design [14], variation of deposition conditions [15], or post-deposition purification

• , resulting in the fabrication of metal oxide nanostructures. Post-deposition purification requires the removal of carbon after completion of the deposition, causing porosity and/or severe changes in size and shape. In addition, post-deposition purification may lead to only partly purified material. For

The effect of age on the attachment ability of stick insects (Phasmatodea)

• Marie Grote,
• Stanislav N. Gorb and
• Thies H. Büscher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 867–883, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.72

• roughness (1 µm) matches the size of the tips and course roughness (12 µm) matches the size of the entire nubs [33]. The combination of these three levels of roughness was used to investigate potential effects in the three mentioned perspectives of the attachment pads. For details on the fabrication process

Intermixing of MoS₂ and WS₂ photocatalysts toward methylene blue photodegradation

• Maryam Al Qaydi,
• Nitul S. Rajput,
• Michael Lejeune,
• Abdellatif Bouchalkha,
• Mimoun El Marssi,
• Steevy Cordette,
• Chaouki Kasmi and
• Mustapha Jouiad

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 817–829, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.68

• , making it a promising avenue for future developments in catalytic materials for pollutant degradation. Overall, these advancements underscore the superior efficacy of the presented synthesis methods, positioning them at the forefront of MoS2 and WS2 nanocomposite fabrication and paving the way for