Hydrogen-induced plasticity in nanoporous palladium

• Markus Gößler,
• Eva-Maria Steyskal,
• Markus Stütz,
• Norbert Enzinger and
• Roland Würschum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3013–3024, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.280

• )/constant-potential (grey bars) charging procedure, inspired by a typical battery charging process, was implemented. As soon as the potential monitored during the constant-current (2 mA) loading crossed −1 V, the potential was held constant at this value until the current dropped below 0.5 mA. For the

Graphene-enhanced metal oxide gas sensors at room temperature: a review

• Dongjin Sun,
• Yifan Luo,
• Marc Debliquy and
• Chao Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2832–2844, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.264

• ], graphene has been widely used in various fields such as photocatalysts, lithium battery electrodes, supercapacitors, gas sensors and electronic devices [2][3][4] due to its high specific surface area (2630 m2/g) and high carrier mobility at room temperature [5]. The electrical properties of graphene are

Hydrothermal-derived carbon as a stabilizing matrix for improved cycling performance of silicon-based anodes for lithium-ion full cells

• Mirco Ruttert,
• Florian Holtstiege,
• Jessica Hüsker,
• Markus Börner,
• Martin Winter and
• Tobias Placke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2381–2395, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.223

• Mirco Ruttert Florian Holtstiege Jessica Husker Markus Borner Martin Winter Tobias Placke University of Münster, MEET Battery Research Center, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Corrensstraße 46, 48149 Münster, Germany Helmholtz Institute Münster, IEK-12, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Corrensstraße

Synthesis of rare-earth metal and rare-earth metal-fluoride nanoparticles in ionic liquids and propylene carbonate

• Marvin Siebels,
• Lukas Mai,
• Laura Schmolke,
• Kai Schütte,
• Juri Barthel,
• Junpei Yue,
• Jörg Thomas,
• Bernd M. Smarsly,
• Anjana Devi,
• Roland A. Fischer and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1881–1894, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.180

• ]. For EuF3, no oxygen peak was seen in the XPS analysis. Therefore, SAED and PXRD data in combination with HR-XPS exclude any contamination of the REF3-NPs with metal(III) oxides. Metal fluorides are used, for example, as cathode materials in lithium-ion batteries [6]. The lithium-ion battery is one of

Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes coated with zinc oxide nanoparticles as sulfur encapsulator for high-performance lithium/sulfur batteries

• Yan Zhao,
• Zhengjun Liu,
• Liancheng Sun,
• Yongguang Zhang,
• Yuting Feng,
• Xin Wang,
• Indira Kurmanbayeva and
• Zhumabay Bakenov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1677–1685, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.159

• lithium polysulfides (Li2Sn, 4 ≤ n ≤ 8) during battery operation [2]. This is one of the major challenges in the commercialization of Li/S batteries. To overcome this problem, a rational design of the sulfur-based cathode is required, such as the addition of porous conductive materials that could “attract

• conductivity and the ability of active nitrogen sites to enhance the electrochemical performances of Li/S batteries [13][16]. To the best of our knowledge, such uniquely structured S/ZnO@NCNT composites have been rarely reported as cathode material for Li/S battery in the literature. Here, we present a

• a strong bonding capacity for S. This will reduce the S losses to the electrolyte, and thus improve the cycling performance of the Li/S battery. In fact, the S–Zn and S–O bonds were confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of the as-obtained S/ZnO@NCNT composite (Figure 5). In the S 2p

Nanoscale electrochemical response of lithium-ion cathodes: a combined study using C-AFM and SIMS

• Jonathan Op de Beeck,
• Nouha Labyedh,
• Alfonso Sepúlveda,
• Valentina Spampinato,
• Alexis Franquet,
• Thierry Conard,
• Philippe M. Vereecken,
• Wilfried Vandervorst and
• Umberto Celano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1623–1628, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.154

• KU Leuven, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium 10.3762/bjnano.9.154 Abstract The continuous demand for improved performance in energy storage is driving the evolution of Li-ion battery technology toward emerging battery architectures such as 3D

• cathode materials, structural, electrical and chemical information must be probed at the nanoscale and in the same area, to identify the ionic processes occurring inside each individual layer and understand the impact on the entire battery cell. In this work, we pursue this objective by using two well

• indicated. Keywords: all-solid-state microbatteries (ASB); conductive atomic force microscopy (C-AFM); Li-ion kinetics; secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS); 3D thin-film batteries; Findings Conventional Li-ion battery technology is undergoing continuous improvements in order to fulfil the increasing

Correlative electrochemical strain and scanning electron microscopy for local characterization of the solid state electrolyte Li_1.3Al_0.3Ti_1.7(PO₄)₃

• Nino Schön,
• Deniz Cihan Gunduz,
• Shicheng Yu,
• Hermann Tempel,
• Roland Schierholz and
• Florian Hausen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1564–1572, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.148

• an increased Li-ion mobility in the sample, as predicted for Li-ion battery electrodes [22], the conclusion drawn in this manuscript is that Li-ion conductivity through the grains is favorable [11]. We want to emphasize that additional effects, such as a change in tip contact radius as well as

Nanoscale mapping of dielectric properties based on surface adhesion force measurements

• Ying Wang,
• Yue Shen,
• Xingya Wang,
• Zhiwei Shen,
• Bin Li,
• Jun Hu and
• Yi Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 900–906, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.84

• properties [21]. This approach is expected to provide a simple and convenient method to characterize the dielectric distribution of graphene-based materials, and will further facilitate their application in energy generation and storage devices, i.e., super-capacitor, lithium ion battery, solar cells, and

Synthesis and characterization of electrospun molybdenum dioxide–carbon nanofibers as sulfur matrix additives for rechargeable lithium–sulfur battery applications

• Ruiyuan Zhuang,
• Shanshan Yao,
• Maoxiang Jing,
• Xiangqian Shen,
• Jun Xiang,
• Tianbao Li,
• Kesong Xiao and
• Shibiao Qin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 262–270, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.28

• Ruiyuan Zhuang Shanshan Yao Maoxiang Jing Xiangqian Shen Jun Xiang Tianbao Li Kesong Xiao Shibiao Qin Institute for Advanced Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China Hunan Engineering Laboratory of Power Battery Cathode Materials

Dielectric properties of a bisimidazolium salt with dodecyl sulfate anion doped with carbon nanotubes

• Doina Manaila Maximean,
• Viorel Cîrcu and
• Constantin Paul Ganea

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 164–174, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.19

• -sensitized solar cells, battery materials, electrochemical sensors or energy storage devices. Their interesting properties result from the combination of liquid crystal (LC) and ionic liquid (IL) properties. The recent progress and development in the field of ILCs were reviewed in several publications [1][2

Advances in nanocarbon composite materials

• Sharali Malik,
• Arkady V. Krasheninnikov and
• Silvia Marchesan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 20–21, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.3

• newer areas of nanocarbon materials for use in biomedicine and diagnostics. Energy transfer materials are also well represented with articles and reviews covering aspects of engineering, thermo-mechanical properties, photovoltaics and Li-ion battery materials. Last but not least, we would like to thank

Beyond Moore’s technologies: operation principles of a superconductor alternative

• Igor I. Soloviev,
• Nikolay V. Klenov,
• Sergey V. Bakurskiy,
• Mikhail Yu. Kupriyanov,
• Alexander L. Gudkov and
• Anatoli S. Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2689–2710, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.269

Synthesis of metal-fluoride nanoparticles supported on thermally reduced graphite oxide

• Alexa Schmitz,
• Kai Schütte,
• Vesko Ilievski,
• Juri Barthel,
• Laura Burk,
• Rolf Mülhaupt,
• Junpei Yue,
• Bernd Smarsly and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2474–2483, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.247

• /discharge profiles were collected on a Maccor battery cycler with cut-off potentials of 4.5 and 1.0 V vs Li+/Li. Example PXRD of 0.5 wt % PrF3@TRGO-SH in [BMIm][BF4] synthesized from [Pr(AMD)3]. PrF3 reference reflections in red from COD 1010984. For the diffractogram with indexed reflections see Figure S18

Systematic control of α-Fe₂O₃ crystal growth direction for improved electrochemical performance of lithium-ion battery anodes

• Nan Shen,
• Miriam Keppeler,
• Barbara Stiaszny,
• Holger Hain,
• Filippo Maglia and
• Madhavi Srinivasan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2032–2044, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.204

• ; ethylenediamine; lithium-ion battery; shape-controlled synthesis; Introduction Since conventional transportation is seen as problematic in terms of fossil fuel consumption and human-induced greenhouse gas emissions [1], battery electric vehicles (BEVs) have moved into the focus of the automotive industry. As

• power sources, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are considered as the most promising candidates, since LIBs offer the highest energy density of all known rechargeable battery systems [2][3][4]. In order to address today’s challenges of electromobility (e.g., customer acceptance of BEVs by extending driving

• as the separator. The cycling performance tests were conducted with a multichannel battery tester (Neware Technology Limited) with discharge and charge current density of 0.1 C (100 mAh g−1) at room temperature. Rate performance tests were conducted using the same instrument with charge current of

Freestanding graphene/MnO₂ cathodes for Li-ion batteries

• Şeyma Özcan,
• Aslıhan Güler,
• Tugrul Cetinkaya,
• Mehmet O. Guler and
• Hatem Akbulut

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1932–1938, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.193

• electrochemical reaction behavior. Graphene/α-MnO2 freestanding cathodes exhibited a specific capacity of 229 mAhg−1 after 200 cycles with 72% capacity retention. Keywords: CR2016 coin cells; freestanding cathode; graphene; Li-ion battery; MnO2; Introduction Nowadays low cost, clean and sustainable energy

Optical techniques for cervical neoplasia detection

• Tatiana Novikova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1844–1862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.186

Adsorption and diffusion characteristics of lithium on hydrogenated α- and β-silicene

• Fadil Iyikanat,
• Ali Kandemir,
• Cihan Bacaksiz and
• Hasan Sahin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1742–1748, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.175

• candidates as electrode materials for Li-ion batteries [39]. For applications in Li-ion batteries, a high coverage of Li atoms on a material is required. Due to its buckled large surface area, silicene seems to be a good candidate for Li-ion battery applications. Li adsorption on pristine silicene has been

Oxidative stabilization of polyacrylonitrile nanofibers and carbon nanofibers containing graphene oxide (GO): a spectroscopic and electrochemical study

• İlknur Gergin,
• Ezgi Ismar and
• A. Sezai Sarac

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1616–1628, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.161

• mechanical properties and a potential for a variety of applications; such as supercapacitor applications, battery applications, and catalyst support materials. Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) is one of the well-known precursor for obtaining carbon nanofibers that have a diameter ranging between nanometers and

Fabrication of hierarchically porous TiO₂ nanofibers by microemulsion electrospinning and their application as anode material for lithium-ion batteries

• Jin Zhang,
• Yibing Cai,
• Xuebin Hou,
• Xiaofei Song,
• Pengfei Lv,
• Huimin Zhou and
• Qufu Wei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1297–1306, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.131

• batteries; microemulsion electrospinning (ME-ES); multichannel; Introduction The increasing demand for energy has heightened the need for the development of renewable resources because fossil fuels, which are currently the most common energy resources, are a finite resource [1][2][3][4]. Battery industry

• and nanorods are considered to be promising electrode materials for excellent lithium-ion battery performance. This is partly because of their small size enabling fast electron transport and decreasing retardation at the interface [21][22]. Electrospinning, a simple and versatile method, has been

• . The merits of porous nanofibers with a higher specific surface area lie in the higher lithium-ion flux across the interfaces and the larger contact area between the electrode and electrolyte [2][34][35]. Herein, sample A2 should have the best performances as the electrode of lithium-ion battery in

First examples of organosilica-based ionogels: synthesis and electrochemical behavior

• Andreas Taubert,
• Ruben Löbbicke,
• Barbara Kirchner and
• Fabrice Leroux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 736–751, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.77

• : ionic liquids; ionogels; organosilica; proton conductivity; Introduction Ionic liquids (ILs), that is, substances solely composed of ionic species have been studied for virtually every application from organic synthesis to lubrication and battery technology [1][2][3][4]. A particularly promising field

• of IL-based materials is the general area of advanced energy technology, such as proton-exchange membrane (PEM) or alkaline fuel cells, solar cells, or various battery types [1][5][6][7]. ILs offer, unlike conventional solvents and substances, easy access to virtually unlimited structural diversity

Synthesis of graphene–transition metal oxide hybrid nanoparticles and their application in various fields

• Arpita Jana,
• Elke Scheer and
• Sebastian Polarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 688–714, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.74

• ] for growing Mn3O4 NPs on the GO sheets. The Mn3O4–graphene hybrid is being explored for high capacity, low cost, nontoxic anode materials for battery applications (Figure 4b). MnO2 has a high theoretical capacity of 1232 mAh·g−1 deduced from heterogeneous Li2O and Mn metal conversion reactions [139

• medium. The Co3O4–graphene hybrid possesses catalytic performance for heterogeneous activation of peroxymonosulfate for the decomposition of phenol [183]. Moreover, the performance of the zinc–air battery (ZAB), fabricated by using this hybrid as the cathode, is found to be closely matched with the

• for GO reduction [193]. This hybrid shows higher catalytic activity than Co(OH)2 for phenol degradation and it takes only 10 min for 100% phenol removal. Nickel oxide (NiO)–graphene hybrids NiO, a p-type wide band gap semiconductor is extensively used as catalyst, battery cathode, electrochemical

Carbon nanotube-wrapped Fe₂O₃ anode with improved performance for lithium-ion batteries

• Guoliang Gao,
• Yan Jin,
• Qun Zeng,
• Deyu Wang and
• Cai Shen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 649–656, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.69

• vehicles and battery electric vehicles [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Graphite, is the most commonly used anode material for LIBs, has a theoretical specific capacity of 372 mAh·g−1 [9], which does not meet the requirements of hybrid electric vehicles. Thus, the development of next-generation batteries with low

• spectroscopy (EIS). Charge/discharge tests of the assembled cells were carried out using a commercial battery test system (LAND model, CT2001A) at a constant current in the potential range of 0.01–3.00 V (vs Li/Li+). The cyclic voltammetry measurements were conducted in the same potential window at a scanning

Phosphorus-doped silicon nanorod anodes for high power lithium-ion batteries

• Chao Yan,
• Qianru Liu,
• Jianzhi Gao,
• Zhibo Yang and
• Deyan He

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 222–228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.24

• . Keywords: in situ reduction; lithium-ion battery; silicon anode; silicon nanorods; Introduction As one of the most popular secondary power sources, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used in portable personal electronics, electrical vehicles and grid energy storage because of their high energy and

• battery performance [7][11]. In such a stratagem, nanostructured current collectors are generally prepared by carbonization of organics, electrochemical deposition with templates, and reduction of metal oxides, all of which are complicated and costly [7][11][12][13]. On the other hand, as a semiconductor

• material, the conductivity of Si is not high enough for high-power battery applications. Conductive coatings are usually used to enhance the conductivity of Si-based anodes, but the conductivity inside the Si cannot be changed by this approach, resulting in limited improvements of the high-power

Microwave synthesis of high-quality and uniform 4 nm ZnFe₂O₄ nanocrystals for application in energy storage and nanomagnetics

• Christian Suchomski,
• Ben Breitung,
• Ralf Witte,
• Michael Knapp,
• Sondes Bauer,
• Tilo Baumbach,
• Christian Reitz and
• Torsten Brezesinski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1350–1360, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.126

• Christian Suchomski Ben Breitung Ralf Witte Michael Knapp Sondes Bauer Tilo Baumbach Christian Reitz Torsten Brezesinski Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany Battery and Electrochemistry Laboratory, Institute of

• good material characteristics, it is remarkable that the microwave-based synthetic route is simple, easily reproducible and scalable. Keywords: 1-phenylethanol route; lithium-ion battery; nanomagnetism; nanoparticles; nonaqueous sol–gel synthesis; zinc ferrite; Introduction Spinel ferrites of the

• to be capable of reacting electrochemically with Li to form Li2O and reduced metal phases [12][13][14]. However, bulk forms of these materials have not proven to be of interest for battery applications because of sluggish conversion reaction kinetics and fast capacity decay on cycling. Since small

Improved lithium-ion battery anode capacity with a network of easily fabricated spindle-like carbon nanofibers

• Mengting Liu,
• Wenhe Xie,
• Lili Gu,
• Tianfeng Qin,
• Xiaoyi Hou and
• Deyan He

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1289–1295, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.120

• capacity of 875.5 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles and 1005.5 mAh g−1 after 250 cycles with a significant coulombic efficiency of 99.5%. Keywords: carbon nanofiber network; electrospinning; lithium-ion battery; manganese oxide; nitrogen modification; Introduction Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been identified

• cycling and rate tests of the cells were measured using a Neware BTS-610 multichannel battery tester at room temperature. Cyclic voltammetry measurements were performed over a potential window of 0.02–3.00 V vs Li/Li+ at a scanning rate of 0.1 mV s−1 with a CHI-660C electrochemical workstation. (a) SEM