Oxidative stabilization of polyacrylonitrile nanofibers and carbon nanofibers containing graphene oxide (GO): a spectroscopic and electrochemical study

• İlknur Gergin,
• Ezgi Ismar and
• A. Sezai Sarac

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1616–1628, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.161

• nanofiber webs were characterized by using a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) (TA Q800 Dynamic Mechanical Analyser). Thermal behavior of nanofiber webs was examined with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA, Q 50 from TA instruments). The structure of the nanofiber webs was characterized by attenuated total

• temperatures [38][45]. Weight loss starts at around 100 °C with the removal of moisture and continues with increasing duration and temperature. However, it is not much significant for the oxidation process [12][18][46]. Weight loss as a function of temperature and time was recorded with TGA. There is a region

• in which there is no weight loss, and this region can be explained by cyclization reactions [37]. Both TGA curves (in N2 and in O2 atmosphere) exhibit the same trend. However, the region with no weight loss is shifted in N2 atmosphere because of N2 suppresses the reactions compared to O2, according

Low-temperature CO oxidation over Cu/Pt co-doped ZrO₂ nanoparticles synthesized by solution combustion

• Amit Singhania and
• Shipra Mital Gupta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1546–1552, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.156

• %)–ZrO2 particles showed an average size of 10.7 nm. These results are similar to those obtained in XRD (Table 2). Figure 4 shows a TGA measurement of the synthesized Pt(1%)–Cu(1%)–ZrO2 nanoparticles in an inert atmosphere. No mass loss is seen in the tested temperature range (100–750 °C). The Raman

• nanoparticles were dispersed in 2-propanol and ultrasonicated for about 30 min and finally deposited on carbon-coated Cu grids for TEM analysis. Thermal analysis of the synthesized Cu/Pt co-doped ZrO2 nanoparticles was done on TGA thermal analyzer (STA-1500 Model) instrument at a heating rate of 10 °C/min in

• CO conversion was measured as follows: Powder XRD pattern of (a) ZrO2, (b) Pt(1%)–ZrO2, and (c) Pt(1%)–Cu(1%)–ZrO2. Expanded region of XRD between 29° and 37° of (a) ZrO2, (b) Pt(1%)–ZrO2 and (c) Pt(1%)–Cu(1%)–ZrO2. HRTEM micrograph of Pt(1%)–Cu(1%)–ZrO2. TGA measurement of Pt(1%)–Cu(1%)–ZrO2. Raman

Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and thermogravimetric analysis of two series of substituted (metallo)tetraphenylporphyrins

• Rasha K. Al-Shewiki,
• Carola Mende,
• Roy Buschbeck,
• Pablo F. Siles,
• Oliver G. Schmidt,
• Tobias Rüffer and
• Heinrich Lang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1191–1204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.121

• recorded with a Spectronic GENESYS 6 UV–visible spectrophotometer (Thermo Electron Corporation) between 200–800 nm. TG experiments were performed using a Mettler Toledo TGA/DSC1 1600 system with an MX1 balance. Synthesis of 2 To a suspension of 1 (1.00 g, 1.26 mmol) in dichloromethane (140 mL

Preparation of thick silica coatings on carbon fibers with fine-structured silica nanotubes induced by a self-assembly process

• Benjamin Baumgärtner,
• Hendrik Möller,
• Thomas Neumann and
• Dirk Volkmer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1145–1155, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.116

• with silica (Figure 3). The absence of silica in the polyamine-free system can be further confirmed by means of EDX and TGA analysis revealing no evidence for silica being present on the fiber surface. This proves the importance and necessity of polyamine presence on the fiber surface for the proposed

• of silica deposited on the fiber surface, as can be seen from TGA. Hence the deposition route via TEPA modified fibers makes only thin silica coatings in the nanometer range possible, while preventing the formation of separate silica particles in the dispersing phase. Silicification of carbon fibers

• analysis (TGA) was performed with a TA Instruments Q500 Thermogravimetric Analyzer. Nitrogen gas sorption isotherms of LPEI/silica composite particles at 77 K were recorded with a Quantachrome NOVA 2000 Series instrument. Prior to measurements, the samples were heated for 2 h in vacuum at 110 °C (LPEI

Hierarchically structured nanoporous carbon tubes for high pressure carbon dioxide adsorption

• Julia Patzsch,
• Deepu J. Babu and
• Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1135–1144, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.115

• nitrogen adsorption at 77 K, Raman spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as well as transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The adsorption of carbon dioxide on the carbon tubes at 25 °C at pressures of up to 30 bar was studied using a

Fully scalable one-pot method for the production of phosphonic graphene derivatives

• Kamila Żelechowska,
• Marta Prześniak-Welenc,
• Marcin Łapiński,
• Izabela Kondratowicz and
• Tadeusz Miruszewski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1094–1103, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.111

• the emitted photoelectrons. The binding energies were corrected using the background C 1s line (285.0 eV) as a reference [29]. XPS spectra were analysed with Casa-XPS software using a Shirley background subtraction and Gaussian–Lorentzian fits. Simultaneous thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and

• first derivatives of TGA and DSC, denoted as DTG and DDSC, respectively, were calculated using Netzsch Proteus Thermal Analysis program. In order to investigate the electrical properties of obtained GO structures, the total surface conductivity (σ) was measured by a conventional DC four-wire method with

Structural properties and thermal stability of cobalt- and chromium-doped α-MnO₂ nanorods

• Romana Cerc Korošec,
• Polona Umek,
• Alexandre Gloter,
• Jana Padežnik Gomilšek and
• Peter Bukovec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1032–1042, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.104

• using a C3/C5 Nion USTEM spherical aberration-corrected microscope working at 100 keV. Electron energy loss spectra (EELS) were recorded with a modified GATAN EELS system with a back-illuminated charge coupled device camera. Thermogravimetric measurements were performed on a Mettler Toledo TGA/DSC1

• by coupling the TGA/DSC1 Instrument with a quadrupole mass spectrometer Thermostar (Balzers). In this case, the initial mass of the sample was around 5 mg. Evolved gases were transferred via heated quartz capillary (T = 190 °C) to the entrance of the mass spectrometer. X-ray diffractograms of the

Bio-inspired micro-to-nanoporous polymers with tunable stiffness

• Julia Syurik,
• Ruth Schwaiger,
• Prerna Sudera,
• Stephan Weyand,
• Siegbert Johnsen,
• Gabriele Wiegand and
• Hendrik Hölscher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 906–914, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.92

• , Switzerland) sheets of 500 μm thickness, with a glass-transition temperature (Tg) of 105 °C (measured by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) for the PMMA sheets) and a bulk elastic modulus of 3300 MPa. The as-purchased PMMA films were cut to 20 mm × 20 mm chips and clamped between two flat metal plates with four

• into the sample and to employ a temperature gradient during the pore growth. The foaming process is schematically shown in Figure 1. The glass-transition temperature (Tg) of the utilized 500 μm thick PMMA sheets is 105 °C at atmospheric pressure (measured by TGA). However, because of a great

Recombinant DNA technology and click chemistry: a powerful combination for generating a hybrid elastin-like-statherin hydrogel to control calcium phosphate mineralization

• Mohamed Hamed Misbah,
• Mercedes Santos,
• Luis Quintanilla,
• Christina Günter,
• Matilde Alonso,
• Andreas Taubert and
• José Carlos Rodríguez-Cabello

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 772–783, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.80

• Instruments, Inc.). 6.5 Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) Dry samples were ground in an agate mortar prior to TGA analysis. TGA experiments were performed using a Mettler-Toledo thermo-balance S.A.E instrument with a horizontal furnace and an automatic gas flow controller. Samples were weighed in a 70 µL

• band at around 881 cm−1 is assigned to HPO42−, most likely due to the presence of DCPD. The bands at around 600 and 550 cm−1 are assigned to ν4(PO4)3− bending mode. Figure 5 shows the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) curves obtained for the ELR hydrogels after mineralization and drying. The first

• spectra of the mineralized hydrogels: (A) IK24 hydrogel, and (B) H3AH3 hydrogel after different incubation times. TGA curves for (A) IK24 hydrogels mineralized for 0, 4, and 14 days, respectively, and (B) H3AH3 hydrogels mineralized for 0, 4, and 14 days, respectively. SEM images of the hydrogels after

First examples of organosilica-based ionogels: synthesis and electrochemical behavior

• Andreas Taubert,
• Ruben Löbbicke,
• Barbara Kirchner and
• Fabrice Leroux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 736–751, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.77

• . Simultaneous thermogravimetric analysis-differential thermal analysis (TGA-DTA) experiments were done on a Linseis L81 thermal balance and on a Linseis STA PT-1600 thermal balance in air from 20 to 900 °C with a heating rate of 10 °C/min. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements were done on a

• same composition but made in acetone or methanol only shows minor differences, which are within the sample to sample variation typically observed in these reactions. Figure 4 shows representative thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) data of the pure organosilica host materials. All TGA curves exhibit a

• 17%, respectively. Figure 10 shows representative TGA data obtained from the IL and the MBA IGs. If the IGs are dried in vacuum before the TGA experiments, they are stable up to 250 °C with a maximum mass loss of only around 3%. This is presumably due to traces of water in the IL, to condensation of

Carbon nanotube-wrapped Fe₂O₃ anode with improved performance for lithium-ion batteries

• Guoliang Gao,
• Yan Jin,
• Qun Zeng,
• Deyu Wang and
• Cai Shen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 649–656, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.69

• ), scanning electron microscopy (SEM, S-4800, Hitachi), transmission electron microscopy (TEM, Tecnai F20) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA, Perkin Elmer TGA 7). Electrochemical measurements Working electrodes were fabricated by a standard slurry casting procedure. The as-prepared anode material (70 wt

• (TGA) was carried out in oxygen by heating the samples to 700 °C at a heating rate of 10 °C·min−1 (Figure 3). A weight loss of approximately 6% can be observed at a temperature of 100 °C indicating a loss of absorbed water in the sample. Fe2O3/COOH-MWCNT composites decomposed in two steps in a

Fiber optic sensors based on hybrid phenyl-silica xerogel films to detect n-hexane: determination of the isosteric enthalpy of adsorption

• Jesús C. Echeverría,
• Ignacio Calleja,
• Paula Moriones and
• Julián J. Garrido

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 475–484, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.51

• Cantabria (Spain) for TGA–DSC analysis.

Methods for preparing polymer-decorated single exchange-biased magnetic nanoparticles for application in flexible polymer-based films

• Laurence Ourry,
• Delphine Toulemon,
• Souad Ammar and
• Fayna Mammeri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 408–417, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.43

• catalytic Cu-PMDETA complex, with polymerization times of 1 to 3 h. The polymer coating was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) [15]. For all samples the grafted chain density was 1.4 chain nm−2, i.e., significantly higher than the results previously

• polymerization time increases. TGA thermograms of PS-decorated ENPs are presented in Figure 4. PS is generally decomposed at about 380 °C. It can be seen that, although the polymer is thicker at the ENP surface in the case of PS, the weight losses of PS (6% and 14% for NP-PS-18 and NP-PS-24, respectively) are

• polystyrene (PS), using radical-controlled polymerization under various processing conditions. We evidenced through TGA, IR spectroscopy and XPS measurements that polymer chains were efficiently grafted onto the nanoparticles using either the direct grafting or the “all in solution” process. In the TEM images

Tailoring bifunctional hybrid organic–inorganic nanoadsorbents by the choice of functional layer composition probed by adsorption of Cu²⁺ ions

• Veronika V. Tomina,
• Inna V. Melnyk,
• Yuriy L. Zub,
• Aivaras Kareiva,
• Miroslava Vaclavikova,
• Gulaim A. Seisenbaeva and
• Vadim G. Kessler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 334–347, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.36

• (sample NMh), the rate of condensation is also higher, and more methyl groups get fixed on the surface according to TGA and elemental analysis data (Table S1 and Table S4, Supporting Information File 1). Therefore, some of the amino groups are located at a distance that does not favor the formation of

Functionalized TiO₂ nanoparticles by single-step hydrothermal synthesis: the role of the silane coupling agents

• Antoine R. M. Dalod,
• Lars Henriksen,
• Tor Grande and
• Mari-Ann Einarsrud

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 304–312, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.33

• cm−1. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was acquired on a Netzsch Jupiter STA 449 C using an alumina crucible. The nanoparticles were firstly heat-treated from 25 to 150 °C (10 °C·min−1), maintained at 150 °C for 30 min, cooled down to room temperature, and heat-treated again from 25 to 200 °C (2

• , and (d) Ti-AEAPS. (a) Adsorption (solid symbols) and desorption (open symbols) isotherms and (b) BJH desorption dV/dlog(D) pore volume, from nitrogen adsorption measurements, of TiO2 and in situ surface-functionalized TiO2 nanoparticles. (a) TGA curves and (b) FTIR spectra of TiO2 and in situ surface

• , and TGA analysis. Properties of heat-treated TiO2 and in situ surface-functionalized TiO2 nanoparticles from XRD and SEM analysis. Supporting Information Supporting Information features Rietveld refinements of diffractograms of in situ functionalized and heat-treated nanoparticles, EDS spectra

Nanocrystalline ZrO₂ and Pt-doped ZrO₂ catalysts for low-temperature CO oxidation

• Amit Singhania and
• Shipra Mital Gupta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 264–271, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.29

• .8.29 Abstract Zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles were synthesized by solution combustion using urea as an organic fuel. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV–vis and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) measurements

• support. This paper also reports the characterization of the prepared catalysts by BET, XRD, TGA, TEM, UV–vis and FTIR measurements. Results and Discussion Materials characterization The specific surface area, pore volume and pore diameter of ZrO2 and Pt(1%)-ZrO2 were obtained carrying out BET nitrogen

• thermal analysis of the prepared ZrO2 and Pt(1%)-ZrO2 nanoparticles is shown in Figure 3. The TGA curve shows an initial small weight loss between 50 and 100 °C, which may be due to evaporation of water adsorbed in the sample. After the initial weight loss, there was a small weight loss leading to a total

From iron coordination compounds to metal oxide nanoparticles

• Mihail Iacob,
• Carmen Racles,
• Codrin Tugui,
• George Stiubianu,
• Adrian Bele,
• Liviu Sacarescu,
• Daniel Timpu and
• Maria Cazacu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2074–2087, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.198

• the organic material (for example, 2922 cm−1 assigned to CH2, medium) [26]. A reverse phenomenon was observed in the NPT1a spectrum, and this suggests that the content of the inorganic core in NPT1b is much higher. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S3) was used to

• investigated by TGA (700 °C) was 62.61% for NPS1, 63.37% for NPS2 and 30.36% for NPS3, respectively (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S12). From the TGA data, it can be seen that with a decreasing amount of DA used in the process of obtaining nanoparticle samples NPS1–NPS3, the percentage of decomposed

• the scan step was 0.01 and 0.02, respectively. For analysis of single crystals and for powder diffraction measurements of several samples, an Oxford-Diffraction XCALIBUR E CCD diffractometer equipped with monochromated Mo Kα radiation was used. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed on a

Controlled supramolecular structure of guanosine monophosphate in the interlayer space of layered double hydroxide

• Gyeong-Hyeon Gwak,
• Istvan Kocsis,
• Yves-Marie Legrand,
• Mihail Barboiu and
• Jae-Min Oh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1928–1935, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.184

• molecular orientation of GMPs. According to thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, the chemical formula of GL-S and GL-R were determined to be Mg2.00Al(OH)6(GMP)0.37(NO3)0.26·(H2Ointerlayer)(0.63H2Osurface) and Mg2.00Al(OH)6(GMP)0.42(NO3)0.16·(H2Ointerlayer

• transform-infrared spectra (FTIR, PerkinElmer, Spectrum One) with conventional KBr pellet method was carried out. The morphology of GL hybrids was observed by scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images obtained with an FEI QUANTA 250 FEG. For quantitative analysis, a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA, SINCO

In situ formation of reduced graphene oxide structures in ceria by combined sol–gel and solvothermal processing

• Jingxia Yang,
• Johannes Ofner,
• Bernhard Lendl and
• Ulrich Schubert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1815–1821, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.174

• oxidation activity than the hydrothermally treated samples. A weight loss of ca. 12% was observed in TGA after solvothermal treatment of the gels with ethanol. This was not the case after hydrothermal treatment (only ca. 4%). We interpreted the high weight loss in the former samples to the presence of

• , and then deposited on copper grids covered with carbon films. FTIR spectra with 4 cm−1 resolution were recorded on a Bruker Tensor 27 equipped with an ATR Micro Focusing MVP-QL with a ZnSe crystal, using OPUS 4.0 software for analysis. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed on a Netzsch Iris

• . In the absence of externally added rGO, the TGA curve had only one shoulder at 150–250 °C, corresponding to a weight loss of 12.3%, as reported earlier [17]. The rGO-containing samples had an additional shoulder at 300–400 °C, which is probably due to the formation of rGO (Supporting Information File

Influence of hydrothermal synthesis parameters on the properties of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles

• Sylwia Kuśnieruk,
• Jacek Wojnarowicz,
• Agnieszka Chodara,
• Tadeusz Chudoba,
• Stanislaw Gierlotka and
• Witold Lojkowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1586–1601, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.153

• thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results (Table 8) provided information about total water content. The surface water and structural water can be distinguished. While heating, the water adsorbed on the surface evaporates up to 200 °C, then the structural water is evaporated subsequently in the temperature range 200

Development of adsorptive membranes by confinement of activated biochar into electrospun nanofibers

• Mehrdad Taheran,
• Mitra Naghdi,
• Satinder K. Brar,
• Emile Knystautas,
• Mausam Verma,
• Rao. Y. Surampalli and
• Jose. R. Valero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1556–1563, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.149

• (BET) specific surface areas were obtained from the N2 adsorption isotherms recorded at 77 K using an Autosorb-1 gas analyzer (Quantachrome Instruments, USA) in the relative pressure range from 0.05 to 1. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were performed using

• , the shift to higher temperature from NFM-0% to NFM-1.5% confirmed the inhibitory effect of the confined particles [26]. Similarly, Figure 7 illustrates the TGA thermograms of pure PAN powder, NFM-0% and NFM-1.5%. The onset temperature of these samples were 288.9 °C, 286.2 °C and 301.2 °C, respectively

• and cumulative surface area versus pore width for NFM-0% and NFM-1.5%. FTIR spectra of (a) pure PAN powder and activated biochar and (b) NFM-0% and NFM-1.5%. DSC thermograms for pure PAN powder, NFM-0% and NFM-1.5%. TGA thermograms for pure PAN powder, NFM-0% and NFM-1.5%. Performance of an adsorptive

Antitumor magnetic hyperthermia induced by RGD-functionalized Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles, in an experimental model of colorectal liver metastases

• Oihane K. Arriortua,
• Eneko Garaio,
• Borja Herrero de la Parte,
• Maite Insausti,
• Luis Lezama,
• Fernando Plazaola,
• Jose Angel García,
• Jesús M. Aizpurua,
• Maialen Sagartzazu,
• Mireia Irazola,
• Nestor Etxebarria,
• Ignacio García-Alonso,
• Alberto Saiz-López and
• José Javier Echevarria-Uraga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1532–1542, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.147

• scattering (DLS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were performed. The XRD profiles of the synthesized Fe3O4 NPs confirmed the presence of nanocrystalline structures with quite broad diffraction peaks whose positions and relative intensities match well with the standard profile of the characteristic

• absorption is related to the carboxyl groups in PMAO, resulting from the opening of anhydride rings, confirming the recovery of the nanoparticles by the amphiphilic ligand. The percentage of organic coating has been calculated by TGA measurements performed in Ar atmosphere. A weight loss of 8% was observed

• Supporting Information includes a representative scheme of the functionalization method of Fe3O4 NPs, a description of the preparation of RGD peptide, the heat induction procedure and additional figures of the XRD, TGA and FTIR characterization. Acknowledgements O.K. Arriortua thanks the Spanish Government

Microwave synthesis of high-quality and uniform 4 nm ZnFe₂O₄ nanocrystals for application in energy storage and nanomagnetics

• Christian Suchomski,
• Ben Breitung,
• Ralf Witte,
• Michael Knapp,
• Sondes Bauer,
• Tilo Baumbach,
• Christian Reitz and
• Torsten Brezesinski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1350–1360, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.126

• energies arise from organic compounds containing C–O and C=O bonds, respectively. The fact that the as-prepared nanoparticles are not “naked” was also confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis-mass spectrometry (TGA-MS). The TGA-MS data of vacuum-dried material in Supporting Information File 1, Figure S5

• lines). (c) XANES reference spectra used for fitting. Summary of fitted Mössbauer parameters.a Supporting Information Supporting Information File 174: GC-MS, TGA-MS, Mössbauer spectra, alternating-current magnetometry and Tauc plots of as-prepared ZFO nanoparticles; SEM images of ZFO nanoparticle

Multiwalled carbon nanotube hybrids as MRI contrast agents

• Nikodem Kuźnik and
• Mateusz M. Tomczyk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1086–1103, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.102

• pristine MWCNT [27]. The reaction of p-azidophenol with MWCNT dispersion resulted in a hybrid containing 9% (w/w) of N–Ph–OH according to TGA. Since phenols exhibit a high affinity and selectivity for Fe3+ [28], we coordinated the iron ions to achieve an Fe content over 6% (m/m) in Fe-L4-MWCNT#Kuźnik

• form (i.e., γ-Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 in the hybrids with SPIO). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), supported again by TEM, were applied to monitor the effects of wrapping with organic moieties. Infrared spectroscopy has commonly been used to follow the

• covalent transformations, e.g., the data were shown to couple oxidized SWCNT with hyaluronic acid containing amino groups [44]. Liu described interesting mass growth during the heating of SPIO–MWCNT hybrids above 400 °C in TGA, which was explained as oxidation of iron(II) in Fe3O4 to iron(III) in Fe2O3

Comparison of the interactions of daunorubicin in a free form and attached to single-walled carbon nanotubes with model lipid membranes

• Dorota Matyszewska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 524–532, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.46

• hydrazone. The detailed procedure of the covalent end modification of single-walled carbon nanotubes with daunorubicin by the formation of hydrazone was inspired by the protocol previously described for side and end carboxylated SWCNTs modification [25]. Basing on the TGA analysis such modification