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Search for "additive" in Full Text gives 130 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology.

Synthesis and characterization of electrospun molybdenum dioxide–carbon nanofibers as sulfur matrix additives for rechargeable lithium–sulfur battery applications

  • Ruiyuan Zhuang,
  • Shanshan Yao,
  • Maoxiang Jing,
  • Xiangqian Shen,
  • Jun Xiang,
  • Tianbao Li,
  • Kesong Xiao and
  • Shibiao Qin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 262–270, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.28

Graphical Abstract
  • of 0.1 mV s−1, as shown in Figure 5a. Among these samples, all the CV curves appeared in the range of 1.93–2.05 V, 2.15–2.28 V and 2.41–2.52 V, which are typical redox reactions of Li–S batteries [31][32]. Meanwhile, the CV data confirm that the MoO2–CNF additive is not electrochemically active in
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Published 24 Jan 2018

Atomic layer deposition and properties of ZrO2/Fe2O3 thin films

  • Kristjan Kalam,
  • Helina Seemen,
  • Peeter Ritslaid,
  • Mihkel Rähn,
  • Aile Tamm,
  • Kaupo Kukli,
  • Aarne Kasikov,
  • Joosep Link,
  • Raivo Stern,
  • Salvador Dueñas,
  • Helena Castán and
  • Héctor García

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 119–128, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.14

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  • . This was actually expected because the nucleation of every oxide is slower with the growth rate retarded during the first few deposition cycles, and the content of metal deposited does not linearly correspond to the amount of additive cycles at the early stages of the growth. The nonlinearity of the
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Published 10 Jan 2018

Direct writing of gold nanostructures with an electron beam: On the way to pure nanostructures by combining optimized deposition with oxygen-plasma treatment

  • Domagoj Belić,
  • Mostafa M. Shawrav,
  • Emmerich Bertagnolli and
  • Heinz D. Wanzenboeck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2530–2543, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.253

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  • direct writing of purer gold nanostructures that can enable their future use for demanding applications. Keywords: FEBID; gold nanostructures; oxygen plasma; postdeposition purification; Introduction Focused electron beam induced deposition (FEBID) is an additive direct-write method for making complex
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Published 29 Nov 2017

A comparative study of the nanoscale and macroscale tribological attributes of alumina and stainless steel surfaces immersed in aqueous suspensions of positively or negatively charged nanodiamonds

  • Colin K. Curtis,
  • Antonin Marek,
  • Alex I. Smirnov and
  • Jacqueline Krim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2045–2059, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.205

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  • pressing need to replace hazardous additive materials in present-day oil-based lubrication technologies and to eliminate the serious environmental risks associated with oil leakage and disposal [3][4][5]. Water-based lubricant systems are a particularly attractive target for nanoparticulate additives since
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Published 29 Sep 2017

Imidazolium-based ionic liquids used as additives in the nanolubrication of silicon surfaces

  • Patrícia M. Amorim,
  • Ana M. Ferraria,
  • Rogério Colaço,
  • Luís C. Branco and
  • Benilde Saramago

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1961–1971, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.197

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  • groups in the side chain. In order to investigate the effect of the cation and the anion of the IL additive on the tribological performance of the PEG mixtures, we compared the CoFs obtained with PEG and with PEG+IL mixtures grouped according to the anion: ILs based on the hydrophobic [TfO] anion coupled
  • with that of [EMIM][TfO], which leads to the greater stability of the adsorbed layer and the better tribological behavior of the additive [EMIM][EtSO4]. The efficiency of ILs based on the anion EtSO4 as pure lubricants was already reported in the literature [26][29]. However, to our knowledge, this is
  • the three ILs, the one based on [n-BuSO4] was the best, because it promoted a more complete covering of the substrate surface [38]. Later, they repeated the experiments keeping constant the molar fraction instead of the weight fraction of the additive and found that the mixtures with [EMIM][OcSO4
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Published 20 Sep 2017

Methionine-mediated synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles and functionalization with gold quantum dots for theranostic applications

  • Arūnas Jagminas,
  • Agnė Mikalauskaitė,
  • Vitalijus Karabanovas and
  • Jūrate Vaičiūnienė

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1734–1741, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.174

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  • ratio 1:2, at 130 °C for 10 h using a 10 K·min−1 ramp. The total metal salt concentration was 75 mmol·L−1. Methionine (0.2 mol·L−1) was used as the reducing and capping additive. The pH value of the solution was kept at 12.4 by addition of 2.0 mol·L−1 NaOH solution. The required quantity of NaOH
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Published 22 Aug 2017

Oxidative stabilization of polyacrylonitrile nanofibers and carbon nanofibers containing graphene oxide (GO): a spectroscopic and electrochemical study

  • İlknur Gergin,
  • Ezgi Ismar and
  • A. Sezai Sarac

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1616–1628, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.161

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  • paper, graphene oxide was used as an additive to increase the capacitance of oxidized PAN-based nanofibers. Further, GO addition was studied to improve electrochemical properties of CNF webs. Experimental Materials Polyacrylonitrile (PAN, Mw 150,000 g/mol) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and was used
  • nanofibers, and an increased polymer weight percentage results in higher viscosities. Thus it is one of the significant parameters for electrospinning [27]. In this study, graphene oxide was used as an additive to increase the capacitance of oxidized PAN-based nanofibers. Thus, the nanofibers were produced
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Published 07 Aug 2017

Development of a nitrogen-doped 2D material for tribological applications in the boundary-lubrication regime

  • Shende Rashmi Chandrabhan,
  • Velayudhanpillai Jayan,
  • Somendra Singh Parihar and
  • Sundara Ramaprabhu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1476–1483, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.147

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  • N-rGO as an effective additive for improving the tribological properties of base oil. N-rGO has been characterized by different characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman
  • C60 molecules as additive in lubricant oil [8][9][10]. Subsequently, researchers studied the tribological properties of carbon-based additives such as graphite [1], graphene [2][6], carbon spheres [11][12] and carbon nanotubes [13][14][15]. In addition, several reports are available on the
  • ). Optimization of additive In order to optimize the concentration of additive, the nanolubricants were prepared with various concentrations and tested their tribological properties. Figure 4 and Figure 5 give the change in the COF as a function of the concentration of additive (N-rGO) at the ASTM standard. One
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Published 17 Jul 2017

Carbon nanomaterials sensitize prostate cancer cells to docetaxel and mitomycin C via induction of apoptosis and inhibition of proliferation

  • Kati Erdmann,
  • Jessica Ringel,
  • Silke Hampel,
  • Manfred P. Wirth and
  • Susanne Fuessel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1307–1317, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.132

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  • contrast, the dose of platinum-based chemotherapeutics could only be reduced by up to 3-fold by combination with carbon nanomaterials. Furthermore, combinatory treatments with CNFs led mostly to an additive inhibition of short- and long-term proliferation compared to the individual treatments. Also, higher
  • in combination with DTX and MMC evoked additive to partly synergistic anti-tumor effects. CNFs and CNTs possess the ability to sensitize cancer cells to a wide range of structurally diverse chemotherapeutics and thus represent an interesting option for the development of multimodal cancer therapies
  • 2.3- and 1.5-fold synergistic increase, respectively, of the expected additive inhibition calculated from the individual treatments (Table 1). In order to achieve similar inhibition rates of about 60% and 80% mediated by 1.5 ng/mL DTX and 0.3 µg/mL MMC, respectively, in combination with 50 µg/mL CNFs
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Published 23 Jun 2017

Needs and challenges for assessing the environmental impacts of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs)

  • Michelle Romero-Franco,
  • Hilary A. Godwin,
  • Muhammad Bilal and
  • Yoram Cohen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 989–1014, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.101

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Published 05 May 2017

3D Nanoprinting via laser-assisted electron beam induced deposition: growth kinetics, enhanced purity, and electrical resistivity

  • Brett B. Lewis,
  • Robert Winkler,
  • Xiahan Sang,
  • Pushpa R. Pudasaini,
  • Michael G. Stanford,
  • Harald Plank,
  • Raymond R. Unocic,
  • Jason D. Fowlkes and
  • Philip D. Rack

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 801–812, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.83

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  • : additive manufacturing; beam induced processing; 3D printing; direct-write; electron beam induced deposition; microscopy; nanofabrication; pulsed laser; purification; rapid prototyping; Introduction The first fully incorporated 3D transistor logic was reported in 2012 [1]. Further 3D device concepts and
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Published 07 Apr 2017

The longstanding challenge of the nanocrystallization of 1,3,5-trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX)

  • Florent Pessina and
  • Denis Spitzer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 452–466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.49

Graphical Abstract
  • particles without the help of an additive and the SCF techniques are not suitable for industry. The need for an intermediate method in terms of pressure and temperature leads to the creation of the SFE technique, especially tailored for crystallization. SFE operates from 40–100 bar with an RDX solubility in
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Published 17 Feb 2017

Phosphorus-doped silicon nanorod anodes for high power lithium-ion batteries

  • Chao Yan,
  • Qianru Liu,
  • Jianzhi Gao,
  • Zhibo Yang and
  • Deyan He

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 222–228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.24

Graphical Abstract
  • characterization. The obtained Si anode was directly used as the work electrode without any conductive additive and binder. Lithium foil and Celgard 2320 were used as the counter electrode and separator membrane, respectively. The electrolyte was 1 M LiPF6 dissolved in ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate
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Published 23 Jan 2017

Layered composites of PEDOT/PSS/nanoparticles and PEDOT/PSS/phthalocyanines as electron mediators for sensors and biosensors

  • Celia García-Hernández,
  • Cristina García-Cabezón,
  • Fernando Martín-Pedrosa,
  • José Antonio De Saja and
  • María Luz Rodríguez-Méndez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1948–1959, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.186

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  • the μmol·L−1 range. The improved performance can be attributed to synergistic interactions between PEDOT/PSS and the additives similar to the interactions already described between PEDOT/PSS and graphene [37]. In our composites, PEDOT/PSS acts as the electron mediator and the additive further enhances
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Published 08 Dec 2016

Microwave synthesis of high-quality and uniform 4 nm ZnFe2O4 nanocrystals for application in energy storage and nanomagnetics

  • Christian Suchomski,
  • Ben Breitung,
  • Ralf Witte,
  • Michael Knapp,
  • Sondes Bauer,
  • Tilo Baumbach,
  • Christian Reitz and
  • Torsten Brezesinski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1350–1360, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.126

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  • accomplished by a hydraulic sensor. Electrode processing ZFO nanoparticle electrodes were prepared by casting a water slurry containing 79 wt % ZFO, 11 wt % Super C65 carbon black additive (Timcal) and 10 wt % Selvol 425 poly(vinyl alcohol) (Sekisui) onto Cu foil (Gould Electronics), followed by drying in
  • unaffected by the polymer binder, carbon additive, electrolyte and separator residues, the electrodes were used as is, thus ensuring minimal effects from cell disassembly. In the present work, two electrodes of the same batch but at different lithiation states were investigated. The “pristine” electrode was
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Published 27 Sep 2016

Mesoporous hollow carbon spheres for lithium–sulfur batteries: distribution of sulfur and electrochemical performance

  • Anika C. Juhl,
  • Artur Schneider,
  • Boris Ufer,
  • Torsten Brezesinski,
  • Jürgen Janek and
  • Michael Fröba

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1229–1240, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.114

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  • to 15.5 cm3·mol−1 for sulfur) [12]. This can lead to the loss of electrical contact of Li2S with the conducting additive or the current collector [9]. Cathode materials composed of porous carbon and sulfur show promising results with regard to overcoming these problems. Thus, a lot of research has
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Published 30 Aug 2016

Hierarchical coassembly of DNA–triptycene hybrid molecular building blocks and zinc protoporphyrin IX

  • Rina Kumari,
  • Sumit Singh,
  • Mohan Monisha,
  • Sourav Bhowmick,
  • Anindya Roy,
  • Neeladri Das and
  • Prolay Das

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 697–707, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.62

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  • proceeds through the formation of a 2,6,14-TPA–succinimidyl ester intermediate. A catalytic amount of hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt) was used as additive for the facile formation of the activated ester [49]. A calculated amount of ssDNA (S1) was added to the activated ester in the second step. An excess of 5
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Published 12 May 2016
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  • ] relating stress and strain, focus is placed on the Maxwell arm, which contains spring k2 and damper c (see Figure 1). It should be noted that the stress in this Maxwell arm, σm, is the same for both of its elements because they are in series: In contrast, the strain is additive: The above equation can be
  • rewritten as Since the Maxwell arm in the SLS model is in parallel with spring k1, the strain of the Maxwell arm and of the spring k1 is the same, but the stresses are additive: Differentiating Equation 10 gives Solving for in Equation 8 and substituting it into Equation 11, along with the time derivative
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Published 15 Apr 2016

Electrochemical coating of dental implants with anodic porous titania for enhanced osteointegration

  • Amirreza Shayganpour,
  • Alberto Rebaudi,
  • Pierpaolo Cortella,
  • Alberto Diaspro and
  • Marco Salerno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2183–2192, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.224

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  • additive nanoscale patterning. Additional advantages are provided by this material when considering the possible loading of bioactive drugs in the porous cavities. Keywords: anodization; dental implants; nanopores; surface treatment; titania; Introduction Titanium (Ti) is the standard material used for
  • different processing times of the subsequent anodization (1 and 10 min). The presence of Mg was confirmed by means of SEM and EDS. In Figure 6 representative SEM micrographs of the implant surfaces after anodization with the Mg additive at an intermediate magnification (1,000×) are shown. In Figure 6a, it
  • could be trapped within the flow of the other anions. An example of EDS chemical mapping is presented in Figure 7. It appears that all the elemental species of interest, namely Ti, P from the electrolyte phosphate and Mg additive, are evenly distributed over the surface (and the same is for O, not shown
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Published 20 Nov 2015

Thermoelectricity in molecular junctions with harmonic and anharmonic modes

  • Bijay Kumar Agarwalla,
  • Jian-Hua Jiang and
  • Dvira Segal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2129–2139, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.218

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  • of an upward (excitation) and a downward (de-excitation) rates between vibrational states. The rates are additive in the two baths, and obey the relation . They are given by Equation 10 [7][43]. The rates kd and ku are evaluated from these expressions at λ = 0; fν(ε) = [exp(βν(ε− μν)) + 1]−1 is the
  • , path integral simulations indicted that in the D–A model, coherent and the incoherent contributions are approximately additive [8]. (iii) Strong electron-phonon interaction. The CGFs (Equation 6 and Equation 7) are exact to all orders in the metal–molecule hybridization but perturbative (to the lowest
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Published 11 Nov 2015

Nanofibers for drug delivery – incorporation and release of model molecules, influence of molecular weight and polymer structure

  • Jakub Hrib,
  • Jakub Sirc,
  • Radka Hobzova,
  • Zuzana Hampejsova,
  • Zuzana Bosakova,
  • Marcela Munzarova and
  • Jiri Michalek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1939–1945, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.198

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  • polymers and PEG of various molecular weights leads to materials with significantly different release kinetics of PEGs. These basic findings on relationships between PEG size and polymer structure on release kinetics were done in respect that even PEG serves as additive compound it has main effect on the
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Published 25 Sep 2015

Metal hydrides: an innovative and challenging conversion reaction anode for lithium-ion batteries

  • Luc Aymard,
  • Yassine Oumellal and
  • Jean-Pierre Bonnet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1821–1839, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.186

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  • conductive additive and a coating agent, which prevents the agglomeration of the hydride particles during grinding. A detailed study of the effect of mechanical milling on the physical/chemical and electrochemical properties compared to AB5 alloys is available in [34]. Figure 15 shows the evolution of the
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Published 31 Aug 2015

Nanotechnology in the real world: Redeveloping the nanomaterial consumer products inventory

  • Marina E. Vance,
  • Todd Kuiken,
  • Eric P. Vejerano,
  • Sean P. McGinnis,
  • Michael F. Hochella Jr.,
  • David Rejeski and
  • Matthew S. Hull

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1769–1780, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.181

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  • nanotechnology-based consumer products in the home may, in some cases, lead to multiple exposures from a combination of nanomaterial compositions. These results suggest the need to examine nanomaterial toxicity effects that could be synergistic, additive, or even antagonistic. Nanomaterial location About 29% of
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Published 21 Aug 2015

DNA–melamine hybrid molecules: from self-assembly to nanostructures

  • Rina Kumari,
  • Shib Shankar Banerjee,
  • Anil K. Bhowmick and
  • Prolay Das

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1432–1438, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.148

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  • –melamine with (R2)2–melamine of about 10 °C suggests the formation of a linear assembly upon annealing. As reported, an increase of the number of sticky-end association results in an increase in melting temperature, which is attributed to the additive effect [29][30]. In this case, a simple annealing of
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Published 30 Jun 2015

From lithium to sodium: cell chemistry of room temperature sodium–air and sodium–sulfur batteries

  • Philipp Adelhelm,
  • Pascal Hartmann,
  • Conrad L. Bender,
  • Martin Busche,
  • Christine Eufinger and
  • Juergen Janek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1016–1055, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.105

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Published 23 Apr 2015
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