Rapid controlled synthesis of gold–platinum nanorods with excellent photothermal properties under 808 nm excitation

• Jialin Wang,
• Qianqian Duan,
• Min Yang,
• Boye Zhang,
• Li Guo,
• Pengcui Li,
• Wendong Zhang and
• Shengbo Sang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 462–472, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.37

• + and K2PtCl4 on the morphology and optical properties of the synthesized Au@Pt NRs. After continuous optimization of the synthesis process, a precise and controllable synthesis method of dumbbell-like Au@Pt NRs was proposed (Scheme 1). Au@Pt NRs with ideal size and structure formed after depositing Pt

Reconstruction of a 2D layer of KBr on Ir(111) and electromechanical alteration by graphene

• Zhao Liu,
• Antoine Hinaut,
• Stefan Peeters,
• Sebastian Scherb,
• Ernst Meyer,
• Maria Clelia Righi and
• Thilo Glatzel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 432–439, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.35

• presented in Supporting Information File 1, Figure S2. Initially, a system with a periodicity of Ir(111) along the direction of 21 × aIr and along of × aIr (21 × ) was considered, resulting in a moiré pattern similar to the experimental observations. The structural optimization in a variable cell of this

• our previous investigations [56][57], because these corrections often overestimate the adsorption energies on metallic substrates [58][59]. The process of geometry optimization was stopped when the total energy and the forces converged under thresholds of 1 × 10−4 Ry and 1 × 10−3 Ry/bohr, respectively

• a triple-atom duplication along “BBC”) indicated in (a), respectively. DFT simulation of a monolayer KBr on Ir(111). (a) Optimization of a reconstructed KBr layer on Ir(111) with a cell size of 4 × 2 superimposed on the Ir(111) model and experimental data (Br− in red and K+ in blue, the size of the

The patterning toolbox FIB-o-mat: Exploiting the full potential of focused helium ions for nanofabrication

• Victor Deinhart,
• Lisa-Marie Kern,
• Jan N. Kirchhof,
• Sabrina Juergensen,
• Joris Sturm,
• Enno Krauss,
• Thorsten Feichtner,
• Sviatoslav Kovalchuk,
• Michael Schneider,
• Dieter Engel,
• Bastian Pfau,
• Bert Hecht,
• Kirill I. Bolotin,
• Stephanie Reich and
• Katja Höflich

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 304–318, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.25

• , is not trivial. Here, we introduce the Python toolbox FIB-o-mat for automated pattern creation and optimization, providing full flexibility to accomplish demanding patterning tasks. FIB-o-mat offers high-level pattern creation, enabling high-fidelity large-area patterning and systematic variations in

• geometry and raster settings. It also offers low-level beam path creation, providing full control over the beam movement and including sophisticated optimization tools. Three applications showcasing the potential of He ion beam nanofabrication for two-dimensional material systems and devices using FIB-o

• enables the creation of arbitrarily shaped pattern geometries in combination with geometry-adapted beam paths and optimization/automation tools. The code and Python package documentation can be found online at gitlab under the gpl3 license [18][28][29]. Pre-build packages are available on pypi [30]. The

TiO_x/Pt₃Ti(111) surface-directed formation of electronically responsive supramolecular assemblies of tungsten oxide clusters

• Marco Moors,
• Yun An,
• Agnieszka Kuc and
• Kirill Yu. Monakhov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 203–212, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.16

• calculated values based on the used deposition rate. Tests with a varied deposition rate showed no significant impact on the cluster adsorption behavior. Density functional theory simulations The simulations of W3O9 and W3O8 clusters were performed using the AMS suite [31]. The geometry optimization and

Paper-based triboelectric nanogenerators and their applications: a review

• Jing Han,
• Nuo Xu,
• Yuchen Liang,
• Mei Ding,
• Junyi Zhai,
• Qijun Sun and
• Zhong Lin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 151–171, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.12

• the design of certain structures, such as solar sails [130]. Dudte et al. provided a scale-independent optimization algorithm to program the problem of determining generalized Miura-ori tessellations that conform to prescribed surfaces [131]. The flat and folded unit cells of a standard and of a

Fusion of purple membranes triggered by immobilization on carbon nanomembranes

• René Riedel,
• Natalie Frese,
• Fang Yang,
• Martin Wortmann,
• Raphael Dalpke,
• Daniel Rhinow,
• Norbert Hampp and
• Armin Gölzhäuser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 93–101, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.8

• optimistic that complete substrate coverage can be achieved through further optimization measures. One approach would be to alternate the polarity of the electric field several times after deposition to remove unbound PM patches. WT PM deposited on NBPT CNM using drop-casting and electrophoretic

Nanocasting synthesis of BiFeO₃ nanoparticles with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity

• Thomas Cadenbach,
• Maria J. Benitez,
• A. Lucia Morales,
• Cesar Costa Vera,
• Luis Lascano,
• Francisco Quiroz,
• Alexis Debut and
• Karla Vizuete

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1822–1833, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.164

• impregnation nanocasting technique using SBA-15 as the hard-template and in situ generated mixed metal carboxylates as precursors. Reaction optimization included the study of the influence of different organic ligands, solvents, molar ratio of the precursors, and calcination temperature. The techniques used to

Electron beam-induced deposition of platinum from Pt(CO)₂Cl₂ and Pt(CO)₂Br₂

• Aya Mahgoub,
• Hang Lu,
• Rachel M. Thorman,
• Konstantin Preradovic,
• Titel Jurca,
• Lisa McElwee-White,
• Howard Fairbrother and
• Cornelis W. Hagen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1789–1800, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.161

• containing deposits. The shapes of deposits and their growth rates were addressed and compared to deposits made from the commonly used MeCpPtMe3 precursor. Although this work did not focus on the optimization of deposition conditions, the highest growth rates we found were 0.045 nm3/electron for Pt(CO)2Cl2

Seebeck coefficient of silicon nanowire forests doped by thermal diffusion

• Shaimaa Elyamny,
• Elisabetta Dimaggio and
• Giovanni Pennelli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1707–1713, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.153

• achieve the maximum power factor. Metal-assisted chemical etching is a very advantageous technique, because it allows for the fabrication of silicon nanowires with high aspect ratio on a very large scale. However, MACE is incompatible with the high doping concentrations necessary for the optimization of

Detecting stable adsorbates of (1S)-camphor on Cu(111) with Bayesian optimization

• Jari Järvi,
• Patrick Rinke and
• Milica Todorović

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1577–1589, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.140

• Bayesian Optimization Structure Search (BOSS) method as an efficient solution for identifying the structure of non-planar adsorbates. We apply BOSS with density-functional theory simulations to detect the stable adsorbate structures of (1S)-camphor on the Cu(111) surface. We identify the optimal structure

• properties, and ultimately allow us to tune the functionality of advanced materials. Keywords: Bayesian optimization; camphor; Cu(111); density-functional theory; electronic structure; organic surface adsorbates; physical chemistry; structure search; surface science; Introduction Current frontier

• difficult to apply and can lead to biased or incorrect results. For example, with only partial knowledge of the PES, a metastable local minimum energy structure could easily be misinterpreted as the most stable global minimum. Recently, Gaussian processes (GPs) [19] and Bayesian optimization (BO) [20] have

Electrokinetic characterization of synthetic protein nanoparticles

• Daniel F. Quevedo,
• Cody J. Lentz,
• Adriana Coll de Peña,
• Yazmin Hernandez,
• Nahal Habibi,
• Rikako Miki,
• Joerg Lahann and
• Blanca H. Lapizco-Encinas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1556–1567, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.138

• integrates the main EK phenomena acting on the particles, and it has the potential to be used for the design and optimization of these systems. The eEEEC is analogous to an EK signature, that is, this value remains constant for a particular particle type in any insulator-based EK system. Differences in the

Design of V-shaped cantilevers for enhanced multifrequency AFM measurements

• Mehrnoosh Damircheli and
• Babak Eslami

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1525–1541, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.135

• an optimum rectangular cantilever. Two sets of bimodal AFM experiments are carried out on Au-PS and PS-LDPE (polystyrene and low-density polyethylene) samples to verify the simulation results. Keywords: bimodal AFM; optimization; soft matter; surface characterization; V-shaped cantilevers

• = 254 µm, = 32 µm, and topt = 0.35 µm. In order to verify these results further, a bimodal AFM experiment is performed. Experimental analysis In a recent study, the same optimization method is used to find the optimum rectangular cantilever [42]. Based on this study, a MULTI75G cantilever was selected

One-step synthesis of carbon-supported electrocatalysts

• Sebastian Tigges,
• Nicolas Wöhrl,
• Ivan Radev,
• Ulrich Hagemann,
• Markus Heidelmann,
• Thai Binh Nguyen,
• Stanislav Gorelkov,
• Stephan Schulz and
• Axel Lorke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1419–1431, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.126

• improve long-term stability and cost-effectiveness [36]. Also, ongoing optimization of the synthesis method to realize a higher carbon graphitization, more favorable PSDs and better NP embedding is a promising way to increase long-term stability even further. Conclusion A one-step, single-source approach

• with the liquid electrolyte during CV, a sufficient ECSA and utilization were obtained. The presented synthesis method is highly versatile, as a multitude of different metal acetylacetonates is commercially available, which facilitates the deposition of a variety of metal/CNW hybrids for optimization

Transient coating of γ-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles with glutamate for its delivery to and removal from brain nerve terminals

• Konstantin Paliienko,
• Artem Pastukhov,
• Michal Babič,
• Daniel Horák,
• Olga Vasylchenko and
• Tatiana Borisova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1381–1393, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.122

• system after further technological optimization. In addition, glutamate is a potential growth factor in tumor development. Glutamate can be removed using γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles not only from brain cancer but also from peripheral tissue cancer. It was shown that cells from non-CNS cancers may secrete

Structural and electronic properties of SnO₂ doped with non-metal elements

• Jianyuan Yu,
• Yingeng Wang,
• Yan Huang,
• Xiuwen Wang,
• Jing Guo,
• Jingkai Yang and
• Hongli Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1321–1328, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.116

• study the effect of non-metal element doping on the structure of SnO2, N, C, B, F, or S was used to replace one O atom in the supercell. The model diagram of doped SnO2 is shown in Figure 1. The crystal structure optimization and electronic structure of the doped SnO2 cell were obtained through the

• 10−5 eV/atom, the internal stress between atoms was less than 0.05 GPa, and the atom displacement was less than 0.0001 nm. Results and Discussion Structural optimization Table 1 shows the results of geometric optimization of the crystal structure of SnO2 doped with non-metal elements. After replacing

• , (b) SnO2/C, (c) SnO2/F, (d) SnO2/N, (e) SnO2/S, (f) SnO2. Differential charge density of SnO2 with O atom substituted by non-metal element. The reflection spectrum of SnO2 of O atom replaced by non-metal atom. Geometric optimization results of SnO2 with O substituted by a non-metal element. Bond

Growth of a self-assembled monolayer decoupled from the substrate: nucleation on-command using buffer layers

• Robby Reynaerts,
• Kunal S. Mali and
• Steven De Feyter

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1291–1302, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.113

• structure in which the alkane molecules are fully extended and are oriented at 90° with respect to the lamella axis. This monolayer structure is identical to that reported earlier [26]. After thoroughly understanding and optimization of the self-assembly behavior of BA-OC14 and n-C50 at the 1-phenyloctane

Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy of rubrene on clean and graphene-covered metal surfaces

• Karl Rothe,
• Alexander Mehler,
• Nicolas Néel and
• Jörg Kröger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1157–1167, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.100

• may tentatively be explained by a molecular superstructure that is formed owing to the optimization of the intermolecular coupling. This might be facilitated by very low energy barriers, which are even lower than those observed for C42H28 on Au(111), for translational and rotational degrees of freedom

Gram-scale synthesis of splat-shaped Ag–TiO₂ nanocomposites for enhanced antimicrobial properties

• Mohammad Jaber,
• Asim Mushtaq,
• Kebiao Zhang,
• Jindan Wu,
• Dandan Luo,
• Zihan Yi,
• M. Zubair Iqbal and
• Xiangdong Kong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1119–1125, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.96

• antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are highly toxic [4][5]. Recently, research in the field of nanotechnology has focused on trying to find solutions for some of the most serious environmental issues, such as energy conversion, and for the optimization of biomedical applications. Their small size, shape variability

Highly sensitive detection of estradiol by a SERS sensor based on TiO₂ covered with gold nanoparticles

• Andrea Brognara,
• Ili F. Mohamad Ali Nasri,
• Beatrice R. Bricchi,
• Andrea Li Bassi,
• Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay,
• Matteo Ghidelli and
• Nathalie Lidgi-Guigui

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1026–1035, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.87

• (SERS); TiO2 nanostructures; Introduction Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) as a sensing tool requires the optimization of a surface and its functionalization. The surface should provide a good enhancement over a large range of wavelengths, to detect molecules with various fingerprints, while it

Electrochemical nanostructuring of (111) oriented GaAs crystals: from porous structures to nanowires

• Elena I. Monaico,
• Eduard V. Monaico,
• Veaceslav V. Ursaki,
• Shashank Honnali,
• Vitalie Postolache,
• Karin Leistner,
• Kornelius Nielsch and
• Ion M. Tiginyanu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 966–975, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.81

• present work also exhibit a diameter distribution with a certain width. However, we believe that the distribution could be narrowed by further optimization of the technological processes. Note that the diameter of a particular nanowire is determined by the width of the space charge region (SCR) set up

• excitation power densities (around 800 mW·cm−2) but with radiation of 532 nm wavelength [36]. At the same time, the authors of [36] succeeded to improve the detectivity of the NW FET detector by one order of magnitude and also to attain record responsivities of the order of 1 kA·W−1 after optimization of the

• carrier concentration in the GaAs NWs and of the photodetector design. We suppose that the parameters of IR photodetectors based on nanowires prepared by anodization can also be significantly improved after corresponding optimization. A drawback of photoconductive detectors based on semiconductor

Extracting viscoelastic material parameters using an atomic force microscope and static force spectroscopy

• Cameron H. Parvini,
• M. A. S. R. Saadi and
• Santiago D. Solares

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 922–937, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.77

• parameters from Figure 6, providing the predicted relationship between the elastic and viscous material response. The results are provided in Figure 7. It is critical to reiterate that each set of optimization parameters is not unique. There is a theoretically unlimited number of distinct parameter groupings

Measurement of electrostatic tip–sample interactions by time-domain Kelvin probe force microscopy

• Christian Ritz,
• Tino Wagner and
• Andreas Stemmer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 911–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.76

• found from their ratio which otherwise only depends on the parameters of the applied modulation, Uac and Udc. When applying KFM as an open-loop technique, optimization of filter parameters is possible, leading to an improved controller performance [16]. For correct height measurements, it is necessary

Light–matter interactions in two-dimensional layered WSe₂ for gauging evolution of phonon dynamics

• Avra S. Bandyopadhyay,
• Chandan Biswas and
• Anupama B. Kaul

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 782–797, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.63

Stochastic excitation for high-resolution atomic force acoustic microscopy imaging: a system theory approach

• Edgar Cruz Valeriano,
• José Juan Gervacio Arciniega,
• Christian Iván Enriquez Flores,
• Susana Meraz Dávila,
• Joel Moreno Palmerin,
• Martín Adelaido Hernández Landaverde,
• Yuri Lizbeth Chipatecua Godoy,
• Aime Margarita Gutiérrez Peralta,
• Rafael Ramírez Bon and
• José Martín Yañez Limón

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 703–716, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.58

• cantilever using white-noise as an excitation signal and the FFT algorithm. These resonance frequencies were fitted according to a database, which was computed using the free cantilever model described in Equation 21 and the particle swarm optimization algorithm [33][34][35][36], in order to obtain the

• database has 10000 cantilevers where L ∈ [440,500] µm, a ∈ [40,50] µm, b ∈ [1,3] µm. The optimization criteria are where erms is the root mean square error, fn is the n-th measured free resonance frequency, and is the n-th theoretical free resonance frequency. For this work, using this optimization

Evolution of Ag nanostructures created from thin films: UV–vis absorption and its theoretical predictions

• Robert Kozioł,
• Marcin Łapiński,
• Paweł Syty,
• Damian Koszelow,
• Wojciech Sadowski,
• Józef E. Sienkiewicz and
• Barbara Kościelska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 494–507, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.40

• particularly important in the design and optimization of devices based on the plasmon effect. Experimental Ag nanostructures were prepared on borosilicate glass (Corning 1737F) and Si substrates. In both cases, the substrates were cleaned with acetylacetone and then rinsed in ethanol. Thin Ag films (1–9 nm