Synthesis of highly active ETS-10-based titanosilicate for heterogeneously catalyzed transesterification of triglycerides

• Muhammad A. Zaheer,
• David Poppitz,
• Khavar Feyzullayeva,
• Marianne Wenzel,
• Jörg Matysik,
• Radomir Ljupkovic,
• Aleksandra Zarubica,
• Alexander A. Karavaev,
• Andreas Pöppl,
• Roger Gläser and
• Muslim Dvoyashkin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2039–2061, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.200

• using Equation 2 and a sum of three diffusion modes. The result of the fitting procedure is presented in Table 4. In the utilized oversaturated sample, that is, when the bulk excess was present, one component (the fastest amongst all others and labelled as “1”) shall be assigned to the diffusion of the

• bulk triolein. This value was also measured in a separate experiment with triolein only, resulting in 2.0 × 10−10 m2 s−1 (see the dashed line in Figure 16) and was fixed during the fitting procedure. The second mode “2” (with diffusivity 2.9 × 10−11 m2 s−1) presumably originates from the diffusion

Magnetic properties of biofunctionalized iron oxide nanoparticles as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents

• Natalia E. Gervits,
• Andrey A. Gippius,
• Alexey V. Tkachev,
• Evgeniy I. Demikhov,
• Sergey S. Starchikov,
• Igor S. Lyubutin,
• Alexander L. Vasiliev,
• Vladimir P. Chekhonin,
• Maxim A. Abakumov,
• Alevtina S. Semkina and
• Alexander G. Mazhuga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1964–1972, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.193

• selected in Figure 2 are very similar (a = 0.84 nm), and hence magnetite (Fe3O4) and disordered maghemite γ-Fe2O3 compounds cannot be resolved by HRTEM in such images. The Raman spectrum of the uncoated nanoparticles is shown in Figure 4, and the fitting of the peaks in the frequency region up to 950 cm−1

• was used in our ZF-NMR experiment. XRD patterns of coated and uncoated magnetic nanoparticles. HRTEM images of uncoated (a) and HSA-functionalized samples (b). The particle size distribution estimated from the HRTEM images in Figure 2. Raman spectrum of uncoated nanoparticles. Fitting of the peaks in

The influence of porosity on nanoparticle formation in hierarchical aluminophosphates

• Matthew E. Potter,
• Lauren N. Riley,
• Alice E. Oakley,
• Panashe M. Mhembere,
• June Callison and
• Robert Raja

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1952–1957, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.191

• loading of the WI systems makes fitting infeasible. These measurements confirm that the different porosity of the two systems has only a subtle influence on the nanoparticle environment and coordination. A potential cause of this being the lack of porosity in the Au/MP-SAPO-5 species, hindering the

• -SAPO-5 (B) showing the oxidation states present in the samples. XAS fitting paths of Au-doped SAPO systems and Au foil.a Supporting Information Supporting Information File 230: Additional experimental data. Acknowledgements Panashe Mhembere acknowledges AdvanSix and Honeywell LLC for financial

First principles modeling of pure black phosphorus devices under pressure

• Ximing Rong,
• Zhizhou Yu,
• Zewen Wu,
• Junjun Li,
• Bin Wang and
• Yin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1943–1951, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.190

• thickness of BP and S the pressure area [42][43][44]. As shown in Figure 2d, Ps increases continuously from zero to 54 GPa when RC changes from zero to 40%. This is reasonable because it becomes more and more difficult to bring the atoms closer together with increasing pressure. By fitting the stress curve

• . More importantly, the conductance is not sensitive to the pressure when RC < 15% for the fully relaxed zigzag BP device, while it decreases rapidly for the fully relaxed armchair BP device. Band alignment analysis and WKB fitting The different behavior of conductance as a function of the pressure for

• calculation, we performed an empirical WKB fitting with parameters obtained from the DFT calculations to predict the pressure-dependent conductance of pure BP devices at larger scales. Using the WKB method, the conductance GWKB can be estimated empirically by [46][47][48][49][50] where A and B are two

Oblique angle deposition of nickel thin films by high-power impulse magnetron sputtering

• Hamidreza Hajihoseini,
• Movaffaq Kateb,
• Snorri Þorgeir Ingvarsson and
• Jon Tomas Gudmundsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1914–1921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.186

• 35°, for both methods. Increasing the tilt angle to 70° leads to a significant change in the surface roughness of the HiPIMS-deposited film (3.3 nm), which is slightly smoother than the dcMS-deposited film (3.5 nm). Note that due to the thickness gradient, fitting the XRR data for films deposited at

Fabrication and characterization of Si_1−xGe_x nanocrystals in as-grown and annealed structures: a comparative study

• Muhammad Taha Sultan,
• Adrian Valentin Maraloiu,
• Ionel Stavarache,
• Jón Tómas Gudmundsson,
• Andrei Manolescu,
• Valentin Serban Teodorescu,
• Magdalena Lidia Ciurea and
• Halldór Gudfinnur Svavarsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1873–1882, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.182

• fitting the data using the X’Pert Reflectivity software. A clear evolution of fringes can be seen (shown in an enclosed area by dashed line in Figure 3) for annealing temperatures up to 700 °C. The fringes begin to coalesce at 800 °C and later Kiessig fringes appear (green arrows) due to scattering from

Engineered superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) for dual-modality imaging of intracranial glioblastoma via EGFRvIII targeting

• Xianping Liu,
• Chengjuan Du,
• Haichun Li,
• Ting Jiang,
• Zimiao Luo,
• Zhiqing Pang,
• Daoying Geng and
• Jun Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1860–1872, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.181

• signal intensities of NPs and PNPs decreased with increasing Fe concentration (Figure 2a). After linear fitting, a good linear correlation between T2 relaxation (r2) and the Fe concentration was established. The r2 of the PNP nanoprobe was 52.35 mM−1 s−1, which was slightly lower than that of the NPs

Novel hollow titanium dioxide nanospheres with antimicrobial activity against resistant bacteria

• Carol López de Dicastillo,
• Cristian Patiño,
• María José Galotto,
• Yesseny Vásquez-Martínez,
• Claudia Torrent,
• Daniela Alburquenque,
• Alejandro Pereira and
• Juan Escrig

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1716–1725, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.167

• 150 μL. The effect of UV irradiation on the antimicrobial activity was investigated by irradiating the 96-well microplate with a UV-A lamp located 25 cm above the samples for 0, 20, 60, and 120 min with 150 rpm stirring at room temperature. The plates were sealed with a tight-fitting plastic cover and

Tuning the performance of vanadium redox flow batteries by modifying the structural defects of the carbon felt electrode

• Ditty Dixon,
• Deepu Joseph Babu,
• Aiswarya Bhaskar,
• Hans-Michael Bruns,
• Joerg J. Schneider,
• Frieder Scheiba and
• Helmut Ehrenberg

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1698–1706, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.165

• -plasma-treated sample has the highest graphitic content on the surface. This result contradicts the Raman spectroscopy result where the plasma-treated sample in fact showed more defects. It must be emphasized that in the present work no peak fitting was carried out on the C 1s peak to quantify the

• . XPS results obtained for pristine and N2-plasma-treated samples. a) Survey scan for the N2-plasma-treated sample and inset showing the O 1s peak fitting results, b) N 1s peak fitting for the N2-plasma-treated sample, c) survey scan for the pristine sample and inset showing the O 1s peak fitting

• results, and d) composition of the various groups obtained after peak fitting. Schematic representation of N-doping induced by N2 plasma treatment in a graphite lattice. SEM images of a) pristine and b) N2-plasma-treated samples. CV curves obtained for the pristine and the N2-plasma-treated sample: a

Superconducting switching due to a triplet component in the Pb/Cu/Ni/Cu/Co₂Cr_1−xFe_xAl_y spin-valve structure

• Andrey Andreevich Kamashev,
• Nadir Nurgayazovich Garif’yanov,
• Aidar Azatovich Validov,
• Joachim Schumann,
• Vladislav Kataev,
• Bernd Büchner,
• Yakov Victorovich Fominov and
• Ilgiz Abdulsamatovich Garifullin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1458–1463, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.144

• comparison to fittings of our previous experiments in [9][13][21]. Figure 3 demonstrates that theory correctly reproduces characteristic features of the Tc(α) dependence (triplet spin-valve behavior). Parameters used for fitting of the theory to the experimental results are the following: coherence length in

Energy distribution in an ensemble of nanoparticles and its consequences

• Dieter Vollath

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1452–1457, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.143

• temperature and the particle size. As both the range of particle sizes and temperatures are limited, a linear approximation is sufficient. The necessary parameter may be obtained from theory, experimental data, or by a fitting process during the determination of the size distribution. The starting point for

• Figure 3, this assumption does not describe the course of the magnetic noise power properly. There is significant deviation at higher temperatures, representing larger particles. As fitting using a Weibull or a log-normal distribution did not lead to a satisfying result, an approximation using the sum of

• parameters, determined by the assumption of a normal distribution and an extended distribution of the particle size. The results given for the extended size distribution are obtained from fitting with the sum of two normal distributions. The average particle size was calculated using Comparison between the

Selective gas detection using Mn₃O₄/WO₃ composites as a sensing layer

• Yongjiao Sun,
• Zhichao Yu,
• Wenda Wang,
• Pengwei Li,
• Gang Li,
• Wendong Zhang,
• Lin Chen,
• Serge Zhuivkov and
• Jie Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1423–1433, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.140

• /WO3 material can be consider as a prospective material for quantitative gas detection. It could be inferred from the fitting lines that the limit of detection (LOD) of the 3 atom % Mn3O4/WO3 based gas sensor for H2S, NH3 and CO are 0.0022, 0.0627 and 0.4141 ppm, respectively. But it is very difficult

The effect of magneto-crystalline anisotropy on the properties of hard and soft magnetic ferrite nanoparticles

• Hajar Jalili,
• Bagher Aslibeiki,
• Ali Ghotbi Varzaneh and
• Volodymyr A. Chernenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1348–1359, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.133

• particles size distribution in the samples was determined by measuring the size of 100 particles from the FE-SEM images fitting the size histogram with a log-normal function: where D0 is the median diameter and σ is the dispersion. The mean diameter ⟨D⟩ = D0·exp(σ2/2) and standard deviation σD = ⟨D⟩·[exp(σ2

Nanoscale spatial mapping of mechanical properties through dynamic atomic force microscopy

• Zahra Abooalizadeh,
• Leszek Josef Sudak and
• Philip Egberts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1332–1347, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.132

• find the elastic modulus of the indentation from the fitting using Equation 7 [49]. Figure 11 indicates the force–distance curve with the Hertzian fitting, and the elastic modulus was exported from the fitting. In these measurements, we were able to extract the same value of the elastic modulus that we

Janus-micromotor-based on–off luminescence sensor for active TNT detection

• Ye Yuan,
• Changyong Gao,
• Daolin Wang,
• Chang Zhou,
• Baohua Zhu and
• Qiang He

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1324–1331, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.131

• concentrations with a TNT concentration of 0.2 μg mL−1 for 3 min. (f) Luminescence intensity of a Janus UCNP capsule motor after autonomous movement for 1 min in a TNT solution in response to the TNT concentration and the resultant fitting equation. The inset demonstrates a linear relationship between the

Fabrication of phase masks from amorphous carbon thin films for electron-beam shaping

• Lukas Grünewald,
• Dagmar Gerthsen and
• Simon Hettler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1290–1302, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.128

• fitting a Gaussian function to the central lobe and evaluating the full width at half maximum (FWHM). As the beam intensity is oscillating upon propagation, the FWHM of the central maximum also varies significantly, which leads to a spread in the values instead of a constant central probe size. Properties

• IC2,BFP = 1718 mA (Figure 7b). Again, oscillations and an increase in the central intensity are observed and demonstrate the successful generation of a BB in the object plane. Additionally, the diameter of the central maximum was evaluated by fitting a Gaussian function to the intensity profile and

• as a function of defocus for PMs with different kρ. Error bars correspond to the fitting error of the Gaussian function. (a) Intensity in the center of a BB IC plotted as a function of the C2 lens current. The curve is reversed and compressed compared to the curves in Figure 6d. (b) Rescaling with

Molecular attachment to a microscope tip: inelastic tunneling, Kondo screening, and thermopower

• Rouzhaji Tuerhong,
• Mauro Boero and
• Jean-Pierre Bucher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1243–1250, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.124

• surface are chemically identical (see Experimental section), the MnPc molecule attached to the tip is subjected to a different electronic-state hybridization than an on-surface molecule, and hence a different Kondo behavior is expected. In this respect, the analysis of the fitting parameters of the Fano

Playing with covalent triazine framework tiles for improved CO₂ adsorption properties and catalytic performance

• Giulia Tuci,
• Andree Iemhoff,
• Housseinou Ba,
• Lapo Luconi,
• Andrea Rossin,
• Vasiliki Papaefthimiou,
• Regina Palkovits,
• Jens Artz,
• Cuong Pham-Huu and
• Giuliano Giambastiani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1217–1227, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.121

• energy mode (100 and 20 eV, respectively). Elemental semi-quantitative atomic percentages were calculated by fitting the spectra with mixed Gaussian–Lorentzian peaks applying tabulated sensitivity factors. Temperature-programmed oxidation (TPO-MS) analyses were carried out on a Hiden Analytical CATLAB

• isotherms of CTF1–5 collected at 298 K, while (χi)mix are the molar fractions of the two gases in the starting mixture (0.85 and 0.15 for N2 and CO2, respectively). A BET (CO2) and a Henry (N2) model were employed for the isotherms fitting. For a detailed explanation of these methods, see the pyIAST webpage

Angle-dependent structural colors in a nanoscale-grating photonic crystal fabricated by reverse nanoimprint technology

• Xu Zheng,
• Qing Wang,
• Jinjin Luan,
• Yao Li,
• Ning Wang and
• Rui Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1211–1216, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.120

• crystal was peeled-off from the PC mould. The surface structures of photonic crystal were obtained by SEM (Nova Nano SEM450, USA). The spectroscopic analyses were performed with an Ocean Optics fiber-optic spectrophotometer. The data analysis and fitting were performed by using Origin software. The SEM

Pure and mixed ordered monolayers of tetracyano-2,6-naphthoquinodimethane and hexathiapentacene on the Ag(100) surface

• Robert Harbers,
• Timo Heepenstrick,
• Dmitrii F. Perepichka and
• Moritz Sokolowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1188–1199, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.118

• hemispherical LEED optics. These intrinsic distortions were corrected using a custom-written software according to the formulas given in [30]. Nevertheless, some residual distortions still remain that typically cause a less perfect fitting of the simulated and experimental LEED patterns in the outer region of

Electroluminescence and current–voltage measurements of single-(In,Ga)N/GaN-nanowire light-emitting diodes in a nanowire ensemble

• David van Treeck,
• Johannes Ledig,
• Gregor Scholz,
• Jonas Lähnemann,
• Mattia Musolino,
• Abbes Tahraoui,
• Oliver Brandt,
• Andreas Waag,
• Henning Riechert and
• Lutz Geelhaar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1177–1187, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.117

• 2.43 eV. Figure 3b shows that the EL spectra for the whole current range can be very well described by fitting the different emission lines with Lorentzian functions. The analysis demonstrates that for a driving current of 20 nA the emission line at lower energy (line 1) dominates, until the high

A highly efficient porous rod-like Ce-doped ZnO photocatalyst for the degradation of dye contaminants in water

• Binjing Hu,
• Qiang Sun,
• Chengyi Zuo,
• Yunxin Pei,
• Siwei Yang,
• Hui Zheng and
• Fangming Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1157–1165, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.115

•  4. We calculated the Ce state using curve-fitting based on the literature [33]. The results revealed that the percentage of RCe3+ (Ce3+/(Ce3+ + Ce4+)) and RCe4+ (Ce4+/(Ce3+ + Ce4+)) was 26.4% and 73.6%, respectively. To examine the surface morphology, SEM was carried out. Figure 5 shows SEM images

Porous N- and S-doped carbon–carbon composite electrodes by soft-templating for redox flow batteries

• Maike Schnucklake,
• László Eifert,
• Jonathan Schneider,
• Roswitha Zeis and
• Christina Roth

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1131–1139, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.113

• in the functional groups on the surface of the fibers increases their hydrophilicity and hence their electrochemical performance [28][29]. We refrained, however, from quantitative analysis due to the inherent restrictions of fitting the rather broad C 1s and O 1s peaks with a multitude of individual

• electrode and corresponding colored mappings of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. Nitrogen sorption isotherms of the synthesized composite electrode with nitrogen doping (upper line) and the carbonized carbon felt (lower line). High-resolution XPS spectra including the fitting of the carbonized carbon

• analysis. Electrochemical data of the VO2+/VO2+ redox couple obtained from cyclic voltammograms. Values for the charge transfer resistance and the double-layer capacity received by fitting the impedance data with corresponding circuit model in Figure 7 and converting the CPE parameters following Hirschorn

CuInSe₂ quantum dots grown by molecular beam epitaxy on amorphous SiO₂ surfaces

• Henrique Limborço,
• Pedro M.P. Salomé,
• Rodrigo Ribeiro-Andrade,
• Jennifer P. Teixeira,
• Nicoleta Nicoara,
• Kamal Abderrafi,
• Joaquim P. Leitão,
• Juan C. Gonzalez and
• Sascha Sadewasser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1103–1111, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.110

• . For the 490 °C sample we estimate a maximum peak emission at 1.10 ± 0.02 eV, for 530 °C at 1.069 ± 0.015 eV, and for 580 °C at 1.05 ± 0.02 eV. We note that the spectral resolution of the PL system is well below the given uncertainties, which mostly result from the fitting uncertainty. The determined

Tailoring the stability/aggregation of one-dimensional TiO₂(B)/titanate nanowires using surfactants

• Atiđa Selmani,
• Johannes Lützenkirchen,
• Kristina Kučanda,
• Dario Dabić,
• Engelbert Redel,
• Ida Delač Marion,
• Damir Kralj,
• Darija Domazet Jurašin and
• Maja Dutour Sikirić

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1024–1037, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.103

• meaningful, this would suggest that the surfactant would perturb the interfacial layer in the sense that the structure is weakened by the hydrophobic tails. However, the slip plane parameter is probably best viewed as a fitting parameter. Figure 7 shows that the slip plane parameter determined for the bare