A graphene quantum dots–glassy carbon electrode-based electrochemical sensor for monitoring malathion

• Sanju Tanwar,
• Aditi Sharma and
• Dhirendra Mathur

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 701–710, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.56

• GQDs/GCE electrode towards malathion was examined by studying interfering effects in the presence of the organophosphate pesticide glyphosate. The DPV measurements showed that adding 0.1 µM glyphosate in the electrolytic solution containing 1 µM malathion shows no alteration in the peak potential for

Humidity-dependent electrical performance of CuO nanowire networks studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

• Jelena Kosmaca,
• Juris Katkevics,
• Jana Andzane,
• Raitis Sondors,
• Liga Jasulaneca,
• Raimonds Meija,
• Kiryl Niherysh,
• Yelyzaveta Rublova and
• Donats Erts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 683–691, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.54

• ; electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; humidity; nanowire; sensor; Introduction Semiconductor metal oxide nanomaterials have demonstrated a great potential for integration in a variety of devices, such as gas and humidity sensors, nanoelectronics, and low-power thermoelectrical generators [1][2][3][4][5][6

• interconnects (Figure 3e) and condensation of liquid water in pores. The correlation of the equivalent circuit elements with RH can be analyzed to assess their suitability for potential application as sensor units. For example, R2 shows a more pronounced decrease with the increase of RH above 50% than R1

• applied potential of 3–4 V, a current conditioning time of 5 s, a frequency in the range from 0.1 Hz to 10 kHz, and an amplitude (RMS) of 0.1 V. Before the measurements, the sample was held in constant RH for 20–25 min until the impedance spectra remained stable. The spectra were first measured in a

Metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials as opto-electrochemical sensors for the detection of antibiotics and hormones: A review

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo,
• Saba Derakhshan Oskouei and
• Mustafa Gazi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 631–673, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.52

• synthetic steroid hormones are endocrine disruptor substances (EDSs) because they have the potential to interfere with physiological functions and negatively impact both the health of the organism and its offspring [12]. Figure 1 shows the several sources and routes by which hormone and antibiotic residues

• a hormonal action for the promotion of growth or fattening of livestock through a number of directives due to the endocrine disruptive potential of steroids and natural hormones. Since the COVID-19 pandemic, there have been allegedly higher levels of antibiotics and hormones found in effluents due

• , in situ analyte monitoring, and potential miniaturization. Portability, miniaturisation, and fast signal responses are just a few of the breakthroughs in sensor design made possible by nanomaterials. Nanomaterials are becoming a key component of the analytical procedures required for pharmaceutical

Titania nanoparticles for photocatalytic degradation of ethanol under simulated solar light

• Evghenii Goncearenco,
• Iuliana P. Morjan,
• Claudiu Teodor Fleaca,
• Florian Dumitrache,
• Elena Dutu,
• Monica Scarisoreanu,
• Valentin Serban Teodorescu,
• Alexandra Sandulescu,
• Crina Anastasescu and
• Ioan Balint

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 616–630, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.51

• . For the ethanol photodegradation carried out over the TO-250-a, TO-450-a, TO-650-a, and TO-850-a catalysts, the formation rate of CO2 is significantly higher than the formation rate of H2. This indicates a potential use for depollution since TiO2 is an environmentally friendly, non-toxic, and

• production of H2, compared to the commercial reference sample. The ethanol photodegradation under simulated solar light leads to valuable results concerning different TiO2 functional properties depending on the synthesis conditions. Also, a potential application both for the degradation of organic compounds

Suspension feeding in Copepoda (Crustacea) – a numerical model of setae acting in concert

• Alexander E. Filippov,
• Wencke Krings and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 603–615, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.50

• [62] for the formula): where is a position vector of the middle of the segment (the node) j; k = j ± 1. The longitudinal force, is described here by a double-well potential, which tends to keep the distance between the nodes and close to the equilibrium length of each segment dR. This particular

• potential (exponentially depending on the distance) interaction (interaction caused by a mutual friction, which tends to reduce a difference between velocities). The appropriate force from the setae acting on every particle is represented as a combination of the following velocity- and distance-dependent

• elastic ends of the short setae near the mouth opening. In particular, the adhesion by van der Waals attraction becomes possible at such scales. This part of the interaction must also be included in the model, namely in a form of potential interaction between the setae (or their tips) and the food

Thermal transport in kinked nanowires through simulation

• Alexander N. Robillard,
• Graham W. Gibson and
• Ralf Meyer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 586–602, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.49

• Fourier model. Keywords: ballistic transport; kinked nanowire; molecular dynamics; phonon Monte Carlo; thermal transport; Introduction The thermal conductivity of semiconductor nanostructures is of great interest because of potential applications in a wide variety of fields, such as thermal control

• system per unit time, P divided by temperature difference ΔT throughout the system: Molecular dynamics In Figure 2 we show the thermal conductance of kinked nanowires in MD simulations as they vary with kink angle. The cylindrical nanowires were simulated using a Lennard-Jones potential and built on an

• each other. This results in an unusually large cross section at the knee and also aggravates potential sintering problems. This effect is related to wire length and radii as these factors determine when the wire will begin to merge onto itself at the knee. It is notable that the scale of the effects

Transferability of interatomic potentials for silicene

• Marcin Maździarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 574–585, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.48

• obtained from the NIST Interatomic Potentials Repository and/or from LAMMPS code sources. Tersoff1988 [33]: the original Tersoff potential for silicon (it is important to remember that this paper proposed a form of potential rather than a specific parametrization for silicon) Tersoff2007 [34]: the Tersoff

• potential fitted to the elastic constants of diamond silicon Tersoff2017 [35]: newer, better optimized the Tersoff potential for silicon MEAM2007 [36]: the semi-empirical interatomic potential for silicon based on the modified embedded atom method (MEAM) formalism MEAM2011 [37]: the spline-based modified

• embedded-atom method (MEAM) potential for Si fitted to silicon interstitials SW1985 [38]: the Stillinger–Weber (SW) potential fitted to solid and liquid forms of Si SW2014 [39]: the Stillinger–Weber (SW) potential fitted to phonon dispersion curves of a single-layer Si sheet EDIP [40]: the environment

SERS performance of GaN/Ag substrates fabricated by Ag coating of GaN platforms

• Magdalena A. Zając,
• Bogusław Budner,
• Malwina Liszewska,
• Bartosz Bartosewicz,
• Łukasz Gutowski,
• Jan L. Weyher and
• Bartłomiej J. Jankiewicz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 552–564, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.46

• substrates using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and magnetron sputtering (MS) and their evaluation as potential substrates for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) are reported. Ag layers of comparable thicknesses were deposited using PLD and MS on nanostructured GaN platforms. All fabricated SERS

Observation of multiple bulk bound states in the continuum modes in a photonic crystal cavity

• Rui Chen,
• Yi Zheng,
• Xingyu Huang,
• Qiaoling Lin,
• Chaochao Ye,
• Meng Xiong,
• Martijn Wubs,
• Yungui Ma,
• Minhao Pu and
• Sanshui Xiao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 544–551, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.45

• simulations. Our findings have potential applications regarding the mode selectivity in BIC devices to manipulate the lasing mode in photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers or the radiation pattern in nonlinear optics. Keywords: bound states in the continuum; bulk modes analysis; photonic crystal

• confinement in a relatively simple way. Such strong resonances endow PhC-based BIC devices with a strong enhancement of light–matter interaction, indicating great potential for applications in ultrasensitive molecular fingerprint detection [12][13][35], hyperspectral biosensing imaging [36], novel flat light

• . Light blocking by region B could be easily observed for the lower-order modes whose indices are lower than (3,3). For higher-order modes, large mode profiles need a larger size in region B to build a higher potential barrier to confine the light. Due to C4 symmetry of the structure, all Mpq and Mqp

Carbon nanotube-cellulose ink for rapid solvent identification

• Tiago Amarante,
• Thiago H. R. Cunha,
• Claudio Laudares,
• Ana P. M. Barboza,
• Ana Carolina dos Santos,
• Cíntia L. Pereira,
• Vinicius Ornelas,
• Bernardo R. A. Neves,
• André S. Ferlauto and
• Rodrigo G. Lacerda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 535–543, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.44

• and other 1D/2D materials have been employed as ink components with great potential for a broad range of applications, for example, in flexible electronics, photoconductors, transparent conductors, and gas sensors [44][45][46][47]. Carbon nanotube ink films have been reported as field-effect

• scale-up and reproducibility limitations of other liquid sensor devices and has great potential to be applied in various industrial fields for liquid monitoring. (a) Array of transducers; (b) histogram of sensor resistance distribution; (c) transducer resistance change as a function of time during

Nanoarchitectonics to entrap living cells in silica-based systems: encapsulations with yolk–shell and sepiolite nanomaterials

• Celia Martín-Morales,
• Jorge Fernández-Méndez,
• Pilar Aranda and
• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 522–534, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.43

• bioactivity. Thus, the encapsulation efficiency is improved compared to the approach using a direct contact of cells in a silica matrix. Encapsulated yeast produced ethanol over a period of several days, pointing out the useful biocatalytic potential of the approach and suggesting further optimization of the

• biological functions that can be effectively manipulated through the inorganic components, with potential impact on leading applications within the fields of chemical synthesis and catalysis, energy, environment, and biomedicine. Examples of bionanohybrids include the bottom-up fabrication of

• of ethanol from the biohybrid yeast–silica-based materials has been qualitatively studied to assess the biocatalytic potential of the system. One of the key aims of our research is to study whether an encapsulation system can be used to easily recover secreted metabolites of interest from outside the

On the use of Raman spectroscopy to characterize mass-produced graphene nanoplatelets

• Keith R. Paton,
• Konstantinos Despotelis,
• Naresh Kumar,
• Piers Turner and
• Andrew J. Pollard

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 509–521, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.42

• . Due to this potential variation in material form within a sample, the results of any Raman analysis are typically based on averaging the spectra from a number of measurements across a sample. Although the sediment material has a distinct Raman spectrum compared to the commercially supplied GNP powder

Microneedle patches – the future of drug delivery and vaccination?

• Zahra Faraji Rad,
• Philip D. Prewett and
• Graham J. Davies

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 494–495, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.40

• applications [2]. Recent research has also revealed a growing interest in diagnostic testing using the interstitial fluid (ISF) transdermally extracted, for example using suction devices [3], and there is increasing recognition by doctors and biomedical scientists of the potential role of the ISF in medical

• vaccination and drug delivery, but there is growing evidence of future potential in diagnostics and even in plant science [11]. If the thematic issue helps to inform existing researchers and to encourage others to join them, as editors, we will meet our objectives, the ultimate goal being the acceptance and

Specific absorption rate of randomly oriented magnetic nanoparticles in a static magnetic field

• Ruslan A. Rytov and
• Nikolai A. Usov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 485–493, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.39

• = 300 K. As Figure 3a shows, in the absence of a dc field, Hdc = 0, the unit magnetization vector of the particle fluctuates near the bottom of the potential well, αx ≈ 1, αz ≈ 0. However, according to Figure 3b, as the dc field increases to Hdc = 200 Oe, due to a change in particle energy barrier, the

• αx component begins to jump between particle potential wells alternately taking values of ±1. Besides, when the ac magnetic field is small, h ≈ 0, the αz component rapidly increases and reaches values of αz ≥ 0.5. As Figure 3d shows, at Hdc = 200 Oe, the dynamic hysteresis loop of the particle

• , Hac = 200 Oe. Obviously, at Hdc = 0, the potential wells of the nanoparticle located at θ = 0 and θ = π are separated by a high potential barrier, which is independent of the angle φ. However, if the perpendicular dc magnetic field increases to Hdc = 200 Oe, a saddle trajectory appears on the barrier

A mid-infrared focusing grating coupler with a single circular arc element based on germanium on silicon

• Xiaojun Zhu,
• Shuai Li,
• Ang Sun,
• Yongquan Pan,
• Wen Liu,
• Yue Wu,
• Guoan Zhang and
• Yuechun Shi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 478–484, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.38

• it was used as a sensor. The RI sensitivity of the sensor was 980.7 nm/RIU. Therefore, the proposed MIR FGC would provide a potential platform for MIR photonic integration and photonic biosensors detection based on chips. (a) Tilted view and (b) cross-sectional view of the proposed MIR grating

Conjugated photothermal materials and structure design for solar steam generation

• Chia-Yang Lin and
• Tsuyoshi Michinobu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 454–466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.36

• scattering. After crosslinking PANI, the porous hydrogel sample exhibited a broader and stronger absorption (98.5%) than the pure PEGDA sample, especially in the visible and near-infrared regions. Polydopamine: Polydopamine (PDA) has shown great potential in the field of solar-driven desalination due to its

Molecular nanoarchitectonics: unification of nanotechnology and molecular/materials science

• Katsuhiko Ariga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 434–453, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.35

• processes. Nanoarchitectonics has the potential to encompass a very broad range of materials chemistry. Roughly categorizing these two categories, molecular nanoarchitectonics [104][105][106], which is architecture at the molecular level, and materials nanoarchitectonics [107][108], which is architecture at

• nanoribbons. Molecular nanoarchitectonics is an approach with great potential. Orita, Kawai, and co-workers demonstrated controlled synthesis of conjugated oligomers by chemoselective Sonogashira coupling between (trimethylsilyl)ethynyl and chlorophenyl groups on Ag(111) (Figure 6) [119]. In this reaction

• . Nanoarchitectonics of graphene nanoribbon heterojunctions has the potential to be a major technological breakthrough because of the rational design and by virtue of the extraordinary structural and electronic properties of such heterojunctions. However, graphene nanoribbon heterojunction structures made by bottom-up

Evaluation of electrosynthesized reduced graphene oxide–Ni/Fe/Co-based (oxy)hydroxide catalysts towards the oxygen evolution reaction

• Karolina Cysewska,
• Marcin Łapiński,
• Marcin Zając,
• Jakub Karczewski,
• Piotr Jasiński and
• Sebastian Molin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 420–433, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.34

• a GCE [24]. Ni-NiO @3DHPG exhibited an OER onset potential Eonset of 1.53 V vs RHE, η of 164 mV, and a Tafel slope of 55 mV∙dec−1, while Co-CoO@3DHPG revealed an Eonset of 1.59 V vs RHE, η of 168 mV, and a Tafel slope of 65 mV∙dec−1 determined in 1 M KOH. In the work of Xia et al. [20], an efficient

• of 1 M KOH. Figure 5 presents the LSV graphs (Figure 5a) with the corresponding evolutions of OER overpotential (determined at 10 mA·cm−2), onset potential Eonset (Figure 5b), and Tafel plots (Figure 5c). The LSV graphs and the corresponding evolutions of the OER overpotential and the onset potential

• are in agreement with the trend of the evolution of η and Eonset determined based on LSV (Figure 5a,b). The stability test of the most promising among studied catalysts was assessed during chronoamperometry measurements at 10 mA∙cm−2geo (Figure 8a). A rapid increase of the potential at the beginning

Plasmonic nanotechnology for photothermal applications – an evaluation

• A. R. Indhu,
• L. Keerthana and
• Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 380–419, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.33

• theory, Gans theory, generic simulations on common plasmonic material morphologies, and the evaluation processes of PT performance. Further, a variety of nanomaterials and material classes that have potential for PPT conversion are elucidated, such as plasmonic metals, bimetals, and metal–metal oxide

• radiation, is derived starting from Laplace’s equation with an electric potential (ϕ), Calculation of the resulting scalar potentials inside and outside the particle leads to the expression for the polarizability (α) of the particle, εm is the dielectric constant of the surrounding medium. The extinction

• states [81]. Figure 13 illustrates the relaxation process of the phonon vibration for a better understanding of phonon dynamics. The electron–phonon coupling constant, which describes the potential of a material for undergoing lattice heating, is calculated by transient reflectivity studies, for example

New trends in nanobiotechnology

• Pau-Loke Show,
• Kit Wayne Chew,
• Wee-Jun Ong,
• Sunita Varjani and
• Joon Ching Juan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 377–379, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.32

• -assembly; wet chemical reduction; The widespread use of nanotechnology has reached almost every sector in our daily lives and amazed the world by offering various potential applications in these sectors. The uprising wave of nanotechnology and its application are now prominent in the fields of chemistry

• the interaction between peptides with physiological proteins. Through the study, the selection and rapid design of peptides based on peptide binding sites, hydrogen bond number, and binding affinity were obtained. It was also concluded the potential role of these peptides in the prevention of

Quercetin- and caffeic acid-functionalized chitosan-capped colloidal silver nanoparticles: one-pot synthesis, characterization, and anticancer and antibacterial activities

• Akif Hakan Kurt,
• Elif Berna Olutas,
• Fatma Avcioglu,
• Hamza Karakuş,
• Mehmet Ali Sungur,
• Cansu Kara Oztabag and
• Muhammet Yıldırım

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 362–376, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.31

• potential measurements were carried out using a Malvern Zetasizer Nano–Z instrument at 25 ± 0.1 °C. The data was taken as the average of three independent measurements of 10 runs. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) measurements were carried out using Perkin Elmer Avio 220 Max

• ). In addition, the amount of the capping agents (quercetin and caffeic acid) that may be of high importance for potential applications of NPs has been determined. As known, quercetin is one of the main reagents used as a reference standard for the quantification of flavonoids in a sample [67]. The

• in the microscope images of Ch/Q- and Ch/CA-Ag NPs in cell medium (see Supporting Information File 1, Figure S1), the stability of the synthesized NPs and how the size changes in cell culture medium compared to water were also evaluated by UV–vis and zeta potential measurements. An increase in the

The steep road to nonviral nanomedicines: Frequent challenges and culprits in designing nanoparticles for gene therapy

• Yao Yao,
• Yeongun Ko,
• Grant Grasman,
• Jeffery E. Raymond and
• Joerg Lahann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 351–361, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.30

• School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, South Korea 10.3762/bjnano.14.30 Abstract The potential of therapeutically loaded nanoparticles (NPs) has been successfully demonstrated during the last decade, with NP-mediated nonviral gene delivery

Polymer nanoparticles from low-energy nanoemulsions for biomedical applications

• Santiago Grijalvo and
• Carlos Rodriguez-Abreu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 339–350, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.29

• properties, drug loading, and drug release are discussed. We highlight the utilization of ethyl cellulose, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), and polyurethane/polyurea in the field of nanomedicine as potential drug delivery systems. Advances are still needed to achieve better control over size distribution

• low-energy methods (also called thermodynamic methods [5]) overcome this energy barrier by producing low interfacial tensions, changes in the surfactant layer curvature, or gradients of chemical potential between the phases. Herein, we focus on nanoemulsification by low-energy methods. The two main

• constant over at least three weeks. The ethylcelullose nanoparticles obtained after solvent evaporation displayed a positively charged surface (zeta potential about +22 mV) and their TEM average size was about 40 nm. The nanoparticles were complexed with an antisense phosphorothioate oligonucleotide

Overview of mechanism and consequences of endothelial leakiness caused by metal and polymeric nanoparticles

• Magdalena Lasak and
• Karol Ciepluch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 329–338, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.28

• form one of the most selective permeability barriers [33] (Figure 4). Studies on NanoEL are a valuable source of information with respect to the potential future of biomedical applications. Designing NPs with optimal physicochemical properties could enable predicted and controlled leakiness, thus

• therapeutic effectiveness, regulated pharmacokinetics, known biodistribution, and minimal side effects are being sought. The mechanism of NanoEL shows great potential for future biomedical applications, but a more thorough investigation is still required [5]. Conclusion Effective transport of NPs to the

• target sites of the organism requires the knowledge and understanding of all the possible ways NPs cross vascular barriers. NanoEL is a mechanism with great nanotheranostic potential. The main advantages of NanoEL are the extracellular nature associated with the interaction with VE-cad located in the

Quasi-guided modes resulting from the band folding effect in a photonic crystal slab for enhanced interactions of matters with free-space radiations

• Kaili Sun,
• Yangjian Cai,
• Uriel Levy and
• Zhanghua Han

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 322–328, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.27

• larger than that of most plasmonic nanoantennas, suggesting the great potential of these QGMs for enhanced light–matter interactions. We use GMs supported by a regular PCS structure composed of a square lattice of air holes perforating a thin silicon (refractive index: 3.45) film on a silica (refractive