Graphene–graphite hybrid epoxy composites with controllable workability for thermal management

• Idan Levy,
• Eyal Merary Wormser,
• Maxim Varenik,
• Matat Buzaglo,
• Roey Nadiv and
• Oren Regev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 95–104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.9

• Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel, Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel 10.3762/bjnano.10.9 Abstract The substantial heat generation in highly dense electronic devices requires the use of

• the copper–composite interfaces in (a) the lower viscosity system (sample X, 2 vol % GNP and 16 vol % graphite) and (b) the higher viscosity system (sample Y, 6 vol % GNPs and 6 vol % graphite), both with the same TC (see Figure 5). The defects at the interface are indicated with white arrows in (b

Electrolyte tuning in dye-sensitized solar cells with N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) iron(II) sensitizers

• Mariia Karpacheva,
• Catherine E. Housecroft and
• Edwin C. Constable

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3069–3078, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.285

• impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is an important technique for the investigation of interfaces in DSCs [49][50]. Fitting of the Nyquist and Bode plots, which are used to describe the EIS results, leads to parameters including the recombination resistance (Rrec), electron/hole transport resistance (Rtr), charge

A new bioinspired method for pressure and flow sensing based on the underwater air-retaining surface of the backswimmer Notonecta

• Matthias Mail,
• Adrian Klein,
• Horst Bleckmann,
• Anke Schmitz,
• Torsten Scherer,
• Peter T. Rühr,
• Goran Lovric,
• Robin Fröhlingsdorf,
• Stanislav N. Gorb and
• Wilhelm Barthlott

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3039–3047, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.282

• . Keywords: mechanoreceptor; Notonecta sensor; pressure sensor; Salvinia effect; superhydrophobic surfaces; Introduction The surfaces of animals and plants are interfaces between the organisms and the environment. Since animals and plants inhabit many different environments, it is not surprising that over

Hydrogen-induced plasticity in nanoporous palladium

• Markus Gößler,
• Eva-Maria Steyskal,
• Markus Stütz,
• Norbert Enzinger and
• Roland Würschum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3013–3024, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.280

• (or coherent-to-semicoherent) is energetically favoured, which has been studied experimentally via small-angle neutron scattering [39]. The transition is expected not only to relief the stresses at the coherent α–β interfaces, but also the internal compressive stresses found in the α-phase, leading to

• compressive straining cannot be a result of these coherent interfaces. Internal-stress plasticity – strain offset The irreversible contractions after each absorption/desorption cycle observed in Figure 3 (−0.5%) and Figure 5 (e.g., cycle 13, −6.5%) are a result of the internal-stress plasticity mechanism that

• produced in this work phase coherency is only partly possible upon hydrogen desorption for our nanoporous samples indicated, e.g., by serrations in the strain (see next section). As the transition from coherent-to-incoherent (or coherent-to-semicoherent) interfaces of PdHα and PdHα phases is supposed to

Site-controlled formation of single Si nanocrystals in a buried SiO₂ matrix using ion beam mixing

• Xiaomo Xu,
• Thomas Prüfer,
• Daniel Wolf,
• Hans-Jürgen Engelmann,
• Lothar Bischoff,
• René Hübner,
• Karl-Heinz Heinig,
• Wolfhard Möller,
• Stefan Facsko,
• Johannes von Borany and
• Gregor Hlawacek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2883–2892, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.267

• are formed close to the Si/SiO2 interfaces. The NCs in the 7 nm case have a diameter of 2.5 ± 0.4 nm. Considering the thickness of the SiO2 layer, the distance between the NCs and the Si/SiO2 interfaces is approximately 2 nm. Taking into account the thickness of the classically prepared TEM lamella

• layer (see Figure 1a). However, experimentally a more homogeneous size distribution and a clear separation in two bands of NCs is observed. In contrast, for the case of a thinner oxide, the stoichiometry does not only change close to the interfaces, but also in the middle of the oxide layer. After a

• the excess Si will be incorporated into the top and bottom Si/SiO2 interfaces. Two-dimensional (area), 1D (line) and 0D (point-like) irradiations have been carried out using a focused 25 keV Ne+ beam on the aforementioned layer stack. The thicknesses of the layers are 6.5 nm for the buried SiO2 and 25

Graphene-enhanced metal oxide gas sensors at room temperature: a review

• Dongjin Sun,
• Yifan Luo,
• Marc Debliquy and
• Chao Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2832–2844, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.264

• many aspects, such as sensitivity, response/recovery times and the operating temperature. There are numerous mechanisms for the enhanced gas-sensing performance according to different views of scholars. The most widely accepted mechanisms are: the formation of semiconductor interfaces, a synergetic

• of semiconductor interfaces Reduced graphene oxide (rGO), which plays the role of a p-type semiconductor, can form heterojunctions when forming composites with most metal-oxide semiconductors. In the example of a SnO2–rGO sensor [45], SnO2 and rGO formed p–n heterojunctions. The enhancement mechanism

• summary, the SnO2–rGO sensor allow for the transition of electrons even at room temperature because of its low Schottky barrier. When exposed to air at room temperature, oxygen molecules obtain electrons from n-type SnO2–rGO hybrids to form O2−. The electron depletion layers generated on the interfaces of

Magnetic and luminescent coordination networks based on imidazolium salts and lanthanides for sensitive ratiometric thermometry

• Pierre Farger,
• Cédric Leuvrey,
• Mathieu Gallart,
• Pierre Gilliot,
• Guillaume Rogez,
• João Rocha,
• Duarte Ananias,
• Pierre Rabu and
• Emilie Delahaye

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2775–2787, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.259

• [32] and is part of the research activity supported by the European COST action MP1202: HINT (Rational design of hybrid organic–inorganic interfaces: the next step towards advanced functional materials. http://www.cost-hint.cnrs.fr). This work was also developed within the scope of the project CICECO

Polarization-dependent strong coupling between silver nanorods and photochromic molecules

• Gwénaëlle Lamri,
• Alessandro Veltri,
• Jean Aubard,
• Pierre-Michel Adam,
• Nordin Felidj and
• Anne-Laure Baudrion

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2657–2664, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.247

• Ciencias e Ingeniera, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador Laboratoire Interfaces, Traitements, Organisation et Dynamique des Systèmes (ITODYS), UMR CNRS 7086, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France 10.3762/bjnano.9.247

Exploring the photoleakage current and photoinduced negative bias instability in amorphous InGaZnO thin-film transistors with various active layer thicknesses

• Dapeng Wang and
• Mamoru Furuta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2573–2580, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.239

• bulk traps because of the identical a-IGZO/GI interfaces. Figure 2a–d shows the variation in the transfer characteristics of a-IGZO TFTs with various TIGZO under monochromatic light irradiation at the excitation wavelengths of 400, 430, 460, 490, and 530 nm. The transfer characteristics measured in the

• channel layer is totally depleted under the negative VGS bias since the TIGZO is less than the Debye length. Therefore, the photoexcited electrons and holes will be respectively accumulated and trapped at the IGZO/etch-stopper and the GI/IGZO interfaces. Meanwhile, the defect states are generated, which

• TIGZO is increased to 45 nm, which is close to the Debye length, the whole channel layer is almost depleted under the negative VGS bias. During the NBIS duration, more electrons and holes are excited and trapped at the back-channel and the front-channel interfaces. Simultaneously, the high-density

High-temperature magnetism and microstructure of a semiconducting ferromagnetic (GaSb)_1−x(MnSb)_x alloy

• Leonid N. Oveshnikov,
• Elena I. Nekhaeva,
• Alexey V. Kochura,
• Alexander B. Davydov,
• Mikhail A. Shakhov,
• Sergey F. Marenkin,
• Oleg A. Novodvorskii,
• Alexander P. Kuzmenko,
• Alexander L. Vasiliev,
• Boris A. Aronzon and
• Erkki Lahderanta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2457–2465, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.230

• interaction is affected by the appearance of Schottky barriers at the MnSb/GaSb boundaries. Basically, these type of barriers appear on the semiconductor/metal interfaces providing a tunneling charge transfer across the boundary, if the barrier is high enough. In the present case, Schottky barriers may appear

Evidence of friction reduction in laterally graded materials

• Roberto Guarino,
• Gianluca Costagliola,
• Federico Bosia and
• Nicola Maria Pugno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2443–2456, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.229

• Roberto Guarino Gianluca Costagliola Federico Bosia Nicola Maria Pugno Laboratory of Bio-Inspired & Graphene Nanomechanics, Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Via Mesiano 77, 38123 Trento, Italy Department of Physics and Nanostructured Interfaces

• compared to those derived by explicit finite-element simulations. This provides useful insights to understand the frictional properties of graded materials, with the aim of designing smart tribo-materials and innovative solutions for sliding interfaces. Methods Introduction In this work, we investigate the

• nature, or in the local frictional properties, e.g., by controlling the roughness or the microstructure, for the design of advanced sliding interfaces. A reduction in the static friction up to almost 30%, with respect to the corresponding non-graded material, can thus be achieved. Schematic of the

Pinning of a ferroelectric Bloch wall at a paraelectric layer

• Vilgelmina Stepkova and
• Jiří Hlinka

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2356–2360, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.220

• phenomena as the parent ferroelectric materials. For example, in the case of BaTiO3–SrTiO3 superlattices with only a few atomic layers of SrTiO3, the domain walls are simply expected to penetrate through BaTiO3/SrTiO3 interfaces [1][2][3][4][5]. In general, it can be expected that a small amount of

Performance analysis of rigorous coupled-wave analysis and its integration in a coupled modeling approach for optical simulation of complete heterojunction silicon solar cells

• Ziga Lokar,
• Benjamin Lipovsek,
• Marko Topic and
• Janez Krc

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2315–2329, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.216

• . Besides the optical properties, proper passivation techniques of textured interfaces are crucial to keep surface recombination velocities as low as possible and thus to maintain the good electrical properties of the device [8][9]. To design and optimize textures applied to the front and/or rear side of

• lateral dependence of E and H, while eigenvalues describe their vertical dependence. Finally, boundary conditions at the interfaces of sublayers are defined considering that tangential components of E and H need to be conserved for conservation of momentum. When solving the system, an S-matrix algorithm

• can change from TE to TM or vice versa. This is unlike in (locally) flat interfaces considered with ray optics or TMM, where local TE and TM polarization persist after reflection or refraction. This difference in 3D wave simulations is caused by the diffracted waves, which may not propagate in the

Metal–dielectric hybrid nanoantennas for efficient frequency conversion at the anapole mode

• Valerio F. Gili,
• Lavinia Ghirardini,
• Davide Rocco,
• Giuseppe Marino,
• Ivan Favero,
• Iännis Roland,
• Giovanni Pellegrini,
• Lamberto Duò,
• Marco Finazzi,
• Luca Carletti,
• Andrea Locatelli,
• Aristide Lemaître,
• Dragomir Neshev,
• Costantino De Angelis,
• Giuseppe Leo and
• Michele Celebrano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2306–2314, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.215

• properties of molecules at liquid–liquid interfaces [7]. The ability to downscale nonlinear optical processes, such as SHG, in extremely confined spatial regions opens many fascinating opportunities in light manipulation and multiplexing [8] as well as in optical sensing and spectroscopy [9][10]. Yet, to

Intrinsic ultrasmall nanoscale silicon turns n-/p-type with SiO₂/Si₃N₄-coating

• Dirk König,
• Daniel Hiller,
• Noël Wilck,
• Birger Berghoff,
• Merlin Müller,
• Sangeeta Thakur,
• Giovanni Di Santo,
• Luca Petaccia,
• Joachim Mayer,
• Sean Smith and
• Joachim Knoch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2255–2264, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.210

• the electrostatic integrity of the devices causes conventional doping to fail. Metal–Si contacts formed by, e.g., silicide formation [36] result in rather high Schottky-barriers at the source/drain-channel interfaces that deteriorate the switching behaviour and on-state performance. h-DFT calculations

• ) in particular at the gate-channel/gate-underlap interface and at the Ni–contact–Si interfaces, both depending on lcon (see Supporting Information File 1). Without the energy shift caused by Si3N4-coatings in source/drain, we obtain substantially higher Schottky-barriers for device II, resulting in

Lead-free hybrid perovskites for photovoltaics

• Oleksandr Stroyuk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2209–2235, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.207

• transport through the HP/ETL and HP/HTL interfaces by tailoring the HP morphology on the nanometer scale. It was also found that the size-selected Cs2SnI6 NCs (12–49 nm) are characterized by a much smaller effective electron mass (0.12m0) as compared to the bulk HP (0.56m0) [130]. Therefore, one might

Influence of the thickness of an antiferromagnetic IrMn layer on the static and dynamic magnetization of weakly coupled CoFeB/IrMn/CoFeB trilayers

• Deepika Jhajhria,
• Dinesh K. Pandya and
• Sujeet Chaudhary

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2198–2208, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.206

• displacing the resonance field Hr [26][27][28][29]. Spin transport and relaxation studies in FM/AF/FM trilayers are intriguing due to the presence of two interfaces shared between FM and AF. Also, little is known about how effective magnetic damping evolves when there is a weak interlayer exchange coupling

• . For all the samples, distinct Kiessig fringes appeared over a wide range of the incidence angle (ca. 4°). This indicates the presence of sharp interfaces and excellent sample quality. The summary of the fitting results is presented in Table 1. The interfacial width between top CoFeB and underlying

Interaction-induced zero-energy pinning and quantum dot formation in Majorana nanowires

• Samuel D. Escribano,
• Alfredo Levy Yeyati and
• Elsa Prada

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2171–2180, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.203

• , such as InAs or InSb, are becoming ideal systems for the artificial generation of topological superconductivity [1][2][3]. In addition to its fundamental interest, such nanowires that may host Majorana bound states (MBSs) at their ends or interfaces [4][5] constitute promising platforms for Majorana

• interfaces. Then, assuming that the charge density in the nanowire is located along its symmetry axis (x-axis), we obtain the electrostatic potential using the method of image charges, as explained in detail in Section 1 of Supporting Information File 1. More precisely, is given by where Vb(x,x′) is a

• interfaces have on average the same sign as the free charges. We consider in Section 4 of Supporting Information File 1 the generality of our results as a function of the dielectric constant of the SC and the location of the charge density within the nanowire section. Below, in Figure 4c we show that, when

Electrospun one-dimensional nanostructures: a new horizon for gas sensing materials

• Muhammad Imran,
• Nunzio Motta and
• Mahnaz Shafiei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2128–2170, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.202

• oxide catalysts and have been evaluated for toluene sensing [1]. WO3 NFs are functionalized by Pd-loaded ZnO nanocubes that result in multi-heterojunction Pd–ZnO and ZnO–WO3 interfaces. The as-spun Pd@ZnO-WO3 NFs have average diameter in the range 500–950 nm that reduces to 400–850 nm after calcination

Light–Matter interactions on the nanoscale

• Mohsen Rahmani and
• Chennupati Jagadish

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2125–2127, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.201

• benefit from negligible resistive losses. This advantage allows excitation at large light intensities for significant concentration of light at the nanoscale, which is not limited to interfaces. Such nanostructures have multipolar characteristics of both electric and magnetic resonant modes that could aid

Phosphorus monolayer doping (MLD) of silicon on insulator (SOI) substrates

• Noel Kennedy,
• Ray Duffy,
• Luke Eaton,
• Dan O’Connell,
• Scott Monaghan,
• Shane Garvey,
• James Connolly,
• Chris Hatem,
• Justin D. Holmes and
• Brenda Long

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2106–2113, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.199

• excess of 1 × 1019 cm−3 with minimal impact on surface quality. Hall effect data proved that reducing SOI dimensions from 66 to 13 nm lead to an increase in carrier concentration values due to the reduced volume available to the dopant for diffusion. Dopant trapping was found at both Si–SiO2 interfaces

A scanning probe microscopy study of nanostructured TiO₂/poly(3-hexylthiophene) hybrid heterojunctions for photovoltaic applications

• Laurie Letertre,
• Roland Roche,
• Olivier Douhéret,
• Hailu G. Kassa,
• Denis Mariolle,
• Nicolas Chevalier,
• Łukasz Borowik,
• Philippe Dumas,
• Benjamin Grévin,
• Roberto Lazzaroni and
• Philippe Leclère

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2087–2096, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.197

• variations provide relative but quantitative variations of surface potential at the investigated interfaces. The PC-AFM measurements were carried out in air, using a Bruker Dimension Icon microscope with a Nanoscope V controller. An extended TUNA external module was used for current detection with a

The structural and chemical basis of temporary adhesion in the sea star Asterina gibbosa

• Birgit Lengerer,
• Marie Bonneel,
• Mathilde Lefevre,
• Elise Hennebert,
• Philippe Leclère,
• Emmanuel Gosselin,
• Peter Ladurner and
• Patrick Flammang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2071–2086, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.196

• Interfaces (LPSI), University of Mons, 23 Place du Parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium Institute of Zoology and Center of Molecular Bioscience Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria 10.3762/bjnano.9.196 Abstract Background: Marine biological adhesives are a promising source of

Recent highlights in nanoscale and mesoscale friction

• Andrea Vanossi,
• Dirk Dietzel,
• Andre Schirmeisen,
• Ernst Meyer,
• Rémy Pawlak,
• Thilo Glatzel,
• Marcin Kisiel,
• Shigeki Kawai and
• Nicola Manini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1995–2014, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.190

• -scale friction and mechanical control of specific single-asperity combinations, e.g., nanoclusters on layered materials, then scaling up to the meso/microscale of extended, occasionally lubricated, interfaces and driven trapped optical systems, and eventually up to the macroscale. Currently, this “hot

• the most fundamental building blocks of friction, as pointed out in well-established interface models, where interfaces are considered as a complex system of single-asperity contacts [13][14]. Consequently, FFM has received tremendous attention since its invention 30 years ago. To date an ever growing

• becomes crucial for the intriguing concept of structural lubricity, where collective force cancellation effects can result in ultra-low friction for incommensurate interfaces [39][40][41]. Note that “superlubricity” and “structural lubricity” are often used synonymous throughout the literature, although

Defect formation in multiwalled carbon nanotubes under low-energy He and Ne ion irradiation

• Santhana Eswara,
• Jean-Nicolas Audinot,
• Brahime El Adib,
• Maël Guennou,
• Tom Wirtz and
• Patrick Philipp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1951–1963, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.186

• thickness influences the processes at the MWCNT–Au interfaces. The Raman spectrum for the fluence of 1017 ions/cm2 with He+ ions shows that there is a difference between a suspended MWCNT film and a film deposited on a gold substrate, the nanotubes on top of the gold grid experiencing much more damage than