Measurements of dichroic bow-tie antenna arrays with integrated cold-electron bolometers using YBCO oscillators

• Leonid S. Revin,
• Dmitry A. Pimanov,
• Alexander V. Chiginev,
• Anton V. Blagodatkin,
• Viktor O. Zbrozhek,
• Andrey V. Samartsev,
• Anastasia N. Orlova,
• Dmitry V. Masterov,
• Alexey E. Parafin,
• Victoria Yu. Safonova,
• Anna V. Gordeeva,
• Andrey L. Pankratov,
• Leonid S. Kuzmin,
• Anatolie S. Sidorenko,
• Silvia Masi and
• Paolo de Bernardis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 26–36, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.3

• efficient reduction of electron temperature down to 65 mK from a base temperature of 300 mK [22]. Here we present improved simulation results in comparison with [24] and the first results of fabrication and measurements, using YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) Josephson junction (JJ) oscillators, of a dichroic multiabsorber

Nanotechnological approaches in the treatment of schistosomiasis: an overview

• Lucas Carvalho,
• Michelle Sarcinelli and
• Beatriz Patrício

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 13–25, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.2

• scavenge free radicals [27]. After that, many authors related a reduction in oxidative stress markers in vivo after metalic nanoparticle administration and/or amelioration in histopathological characteristics after infection, which corroborates the first hypothesis [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. Solid

• juvenile forms. It was also noted alterations in parasite tegument and a reduction in granulomatous reactions in murine liver. Although finding new forms to improve PZQ characteristics is essential, it would not solve the problem once only this drug is available to treat the disease and resistant strains

• nanoparticles, the author considered the results not good enough since other works showed a more prominent reduction [62]. Regarding egg counts in the liver and intestine, the nanoformulation was more efficient than blank particles which shows the relevance of nanoparticle for drug delivery. The

Fluorescent bioinspired albumin/polydopamine nanoparticles and their interactions with Escherichia coli cells

• Eloïse Equy,
• Jordana Hirtzel,
• Sophie Hellé,
• Béatrice Heurtault,
• Eric Mathieu,
• Morgane Rabineau,
• Vincent Ball and
• Lydie Ploux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1208–1224, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.100

• the BSA/PDA-NPs upon oxidation (suggested by the insignificant decrease in size of Ox-BSA/PDA NPs compared to pristine BSA/PDA NPs) and a reduction of concentration or molar extinction coefficient during the prolonged oxidation. Indeed, it is well known that the oxidation of indole quinone groups in

A combined gas-phase dissociative ionization, dissociative electron attachment and deposition study on the potential FEBID precursor [Au(CH₃)₂Cl]₂

• Elif Bilgilisoy,
• Ali Kamali,
• Thomas Xaver Gentner,
• Gerd Ballmann,
• Sjoerd Harder,
• Hans-Peter Steinrück,
• Hubertus Marbach and
• Oddur Ingólfsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1178–1199, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.98

• 10.1 nm, respectively). At 3 nA, on the other hand, a clear size reduction to 8.2 nm is observed in the SEM images. This size reduction with increasing deposition current is even clearer from the AFM images as discussed in the following section. From the AES data shown in Figure 3c, the atomic

• correlated with the decrease in carbon content, which is also reflected in the proportionally increasing Sn contaminations showing the same trend as that of gold. This is more evident from the reduction of the carbon peak areas in the AES, which is ≈36% when comparing the depositions at 0.4 and 3 nA, and ≈14

• % when comparing the depositions at 0.4 and 1.5 nA. We thus attribute the observed size reduction of the deposited gold particles with increasing deposition current to the decrease in carbon content. A similar size reduction of gold nanoparticles has been reported for post-deposition oxidative

Elasticity, an often-overseen parameter in the development of nanoscale drug delivery systems

• Agnes-Valencia Weiss and
• Marc Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1149–1156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.95

• measured. The results show that the plasma insulin levels where higher for harder NPs, and this correlated with blood glucose reduction. Furthermore, 3 h after application, they found a larger amount of hard NPs in the intestinal villi [40]. All studies support our hypothesis that mechanical properties of

Curcumin-loaded albumin submicron particles with potential as a cancer therapy: an in vitro study

• Nittiya Suwannasom,
• Netsai Sriaksorn,
• Chutamas Thepmalee,
• Krissana Khoothiam,
• Ausanai Prapan,
• Hans Bäumler and
• Chonthida Thephinlap

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1127–1140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.93

• stability and solubility [9]. The complexation occurs mainly through hydrophobic interactions in protein cavities [10][11]. In a recent study, zein nanoparticles loaded with CUR have been studied for their potential in treating brain tumors, and the results have demonstrated a reduction in the proliferation

• . Moreover, after 48 h, both free CUR and CUR-HSA-MPs exhibit stronger toxic effects against Huh-7 than against MCF-7 cells. In line with earlier studies on CUR-loaded gold/chitosan nanogels, a higher concentration-dependent cell viability reduction is induced in Huh-7 cells than in MCF-7 cancerous cells [44

Sulfur nanocomposites with insecticidal effect for the control of Bactericera cockerelli

• Lany S. Araujo-Yépez,
• Juan O. Tigrero-Salas,
• Vicente A. Delgado-Rodríguez,
• Vladimir A. Aguirre-Yela and
• Josué N. Villota-Méndez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1106–1115, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.91

• , and O, corresponding to the by-products of the reduction of sodium thiosulfate to sulfur (see Experimental section), were found [19][31][34]. Carbon is from the substrate used in the EDS analysis [35][36]. The TEM micrograph in Figure 3a reveals the formation of spherical SNPs that agglomerate into

Experimental investigation of usage of POE lubricants with Al₂O₃, graphene or CNT nanoparticles in a refrigeration compressor

• Kayhan Dağıdır and
• Kemal Bilen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1041–1058, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.86

• requires a power input to perform this compression process. The same applies to refrigeration compressors. Therefore, a reduction in compressor power consumption means an increase in compressor performance. In this study, three types of nanoparticles, called Al2O3, graphene, and CNTs, were experimentally

• Figure 13c, it was observed that the compressor electrical power required to provide similar operating conditions decreased as the CNTs mass fraction reached up to 0.250%, and then increased again. The maximum reduction in compressor electrical power obtained with the addition of CNT nanoparticles

Recognition mechanisms of hemoglobin particles by monocytes – CD163 may just be one

• Jonathan-Gabriel Nimz,
• Pichayut Rerkshanandana,
• Chiraphat Kloypan,
• Ulrich Kalus,
• Saranya Chaiwaree,
• Axel Pruß,
• Radostina Georgieva,
• Yu Xiong and
• Hans Bäumler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1028–1040, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.85

• sample and the corresponding reduction in the other samples provided information about the extent of phagocytosis in the pre-feeding step. For each experimental run, blood from a different donor was used. Due to the donors’ variability (e.g., different cell counts, immune cell activity, or surface

• ). Keeping the cells at a temperature of 0 °C as negative controls, effectively prevented phagocytic activity (average MFI: 42.3 ± 7.4; reduction in respect to reference: 90.6% ± 1.6%). If the cells were allowed to phagocytose unlabeled E. coli lysate for a period of 2 h beforehand and only thereafter were

• protein CD163 with a specific anti-CD163 antibody had no inhibitory effect on phagocytosis of FITC-labeled (AB-block) and unlabeled E. coli lysate (AB-block-EC-prefed-120′). Pre-feeding the cells with our HbMPs for 120 min (HbMP-prefed-120′) resulted in a reduction of MFI (47.1% ± 8.8%), slightly lower

Exploring internal structures and properties of terpolymer fibers via real-space characterizations

• Michael R. Roenbeck and
• Kenneth E. Strawhecker

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1004–1017, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.83

• expect that these features resulted from the way this particular fiber split open after FIB notching. Likewise, the lone drop in stiffness makes sense, as the AFM probe experiences a local reduction in tip–substrate contact area. However, similar topography and stiffness jumps forming a compliant band

• another. This compliance likely stems from a local reduction in contact area, as sudden changes in height up to tens of nanometers can occur at these interfaces (Figure 7a). Nevertheless, these are “real” ET values; in other words, these local gaps in the fiber would affect ET of the full fiber

Low temperature atomic layer deposition of cobalt using dicobalt hexacarbonyl-1-heptyne as precursor

• Mathias Franz,
• Mahnaz Safian Jouzdani,
• Lysann Kaßner,
• Marcus Daniel,
• Frank Stahr and
• Stefan E. Schulz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 951–963, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.78

• defined by the onset of the decomposition of the precursor. In our case, decomposition occurs at temperatures of 125 °C and above, resulting in a film growth in chemical vapour deposition mode. The lower limit of the ALD window is around 35 °C, where the reduction of the precursor is incomplete. The

Prediction of cytotoxicity of heavy metals adsorbed on nano-TiO₂ with periodic table descriptors using machine learning approaches

• Joyita Roy,
• Souvik Pore and
• Kunal Roy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 939–950, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.77

• datasets with great efficiency [27]. It can be regarded as a dimensionality reduction method since it analyzes large input data and finds all important variables. While handling RF datasets, the model emphasizes the importance of parameters, which is a highly helpful aspect [28]. Adaptive boosting

Upscaling the urea method synthesis of CoAl layered double hydroxides

• Camilo Jaramillo-Hernández,
• Víctor Oestreicher,
• Martín Mizrahi and
• Gonzalo Abellán

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 927–938, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.76

• spectroscopic techniques (ATR-FTIR, UV–vis, XPS, ICP-MS, and XANES-EXAFS). In the case of the volumetric scale-up, a reduction of 45% in the lateral dimensions of the crystals (from 3.7 to 2.0 µm) is observed as the reaction volume increases. This fact is related to modified heating processes affecting the

• crystals of around 3.7 ± 1.0 µm are observed, in good agreement with [13]. Interestingly, pure CoAl-based LDH scale-up samples exhibit a reduction of around 45% in size and a lack of sharp edges, regardless of the synthesis approach. In the case of mass scale-up protocols, these differences can arise from

• concentration increase (x25M), the formation of a simonkolleite-like Co-based layered hydroxide impurity is observed, indicating phase competition during precipitation related to the thermodynamic stability of the growing phases. In the case of the volumetric scale-up, a reduction of ca. 45% of the particle

Antibody-conjugated nanoparticles for target-specific drug delivery of chemotherapeutics

• Mamta Kumari,
• Amitabha Acharya and
• Praveen Thaggikuppe Krishnamurthy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 912–926, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.75

• the reduction of disulfide bonds. Thiols, also called sulfhydryls, in the cysteine side chain are slightly less abundant than primary amines; therefore, the coupling by thiol groups is more selective [52]. Thiols in cysteines are linked by disulfide bonds (–S–S–) through an oxidation process where the

• proteins that do not have free thiol groups, such groups can be generated either by reducing the disulfide bonds (DTT and BME) or by introducing cysteine residues (Traut’s reagent and N-succinimidyl S-acetylthioacetate) at different positions. The reaction with primary amines or the reduction of disulfide

• properties by reducing surface charge and availability of conjugated molecules on the NPs, which results in a reduction of targeting capacity from 70% to 7%. However, HAS-incubated NPs exhibited increased interaction between targeting molecule and ligand, boosting the targeting capacity of Afb-conjugated NPs

Ni, Co, Zn, and Cu metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials for electrochemical reduction of CO₂: A review

• Ha Huu Do and
• Hai Bang Truong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 904–911, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.74

• of converting CO2 into valuable chemicals through electrochemical techniques has garnered significant attention. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have occured as highly prospective materials for the reduction of CO2, owing to their exceptional attributes including extensive surface area, customizable

• architectures, pronounced porosity, abundant active sites, and well-distributed metallic nodes. This article commences by elucidating the mechanistic aspects of CO2 reduction, followed by a comprehensive exploration of diverse materials encompassing MOFs based on nickel, cobalt, zinc, and copper for efficient

• CO2 conversion. Finally, a meticulous discourse encompasses the challenges encountered and the prospects envisioned for the advancement of MOF-based nanomaterials in the realm of electrochemical reduction of CO2. Keywords: carbon capture; CO2 reduction; electrocatalysis; metal-organic frameworks

Green SPIONs as a novel highly selective treatment for leishmaniasis: an in vitro study against Leishmania amazonensis intracellular amastigotes

• Brunno R. F. Verçoza,
• Robson R. Bernardo,
• Luiz Augusto S. de Oliveira and
• Juliany C. F. Rodrigues

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 893–903, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.73

• the concentrations evaluated (Figure 4A). In contrast, the SPIONs were very active against intracellular amastigotes (Figure 4B). Furthermore, analysis of the growth curve shows a statistically significant reduction in the percentage of infection for all tested concentrations of SPIONs (1, 5, 10, 25

• , and 50 µg/mL) and treatment times (24, 48, and 72 h) when compared with the control of infected macrophages. After the first 24 h of treatment, it was possible to observe a reduction in the percentage of infection of about 50% for a concentration of 1 µg/mL and of about 90% for 50 µg/mL of SPIONs. The

• antiproliferative effects of SPIONs in L. amazonensis promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes. Despite being internalized by promastigotes, SPIONs did not affect the cell proliferation of the parasites (Figure 4A). A completely different result was observed for intracellular amastigotes, where the reduction in

Biomimetics on the micro- and nanoscale – The 25th anniversary of the lotus effect

• Matthias Mail,
• Kerstin Koch,
• Thomas Speck,
• William M. Megill and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 850–856, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.69

• repellency, but also on the capability of some surfaces to keep stable air layers under water – the so-called Salvinia Effect. Such air layers are of great importance for drag reduction (passive air lubrication), antifouling, sensor applications, or oil–water separation. Up to now, based on the

A wearable nanoscale heart sound sensor based on P(VDF-TrFE)/ZnO/GR and its application in cardiac disease detection

• Yi Luo,
• Jian Liu,
• Jiachang Zhang,
• Yu Xiao,
• Ying Wu and
• Zhidong Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 819–833, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.67

• structure of ZnO and ultimately leading to a reduction in the intensity of the ZnO reflections in the XRD pattern [22]. Experimental results suggest that adding ZnO and trace amounts of GR filler can increase the β-phase content of the composite piezoelectric film [23][24][25]. A higher β-phase content is

Nanostructured lipid carriers containing benznidazole: physicochemical, biopharmaceutical and cellular in vitro studies

• Giuliana Muraca,
• María Esperanza Ruiz,
• Rocío C. Gambaro,
• Sebastián Scioli-Montoto,
• María Laura Sbaraglini,
• Gisel Padula,
• José Sebastián Cisneros,
• Cecilia Yamil Chain,
• Vera A. Álvarez,
• Cristián Huck-Iriart,
• Guillermo R. Castro,
• María Belén Piñero,
• Matias Ildebrando Marchetto,
• Catalina Alba Soto,
• Germán A. Islan and
• Alan Talevi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 804–818, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.66

• . cruzi compared to free BNZ. No formulation-related cytotoxic effects were observed on either Vero or CHO cells. Moreover, BNZ showed a 50% reduction in CHO cell viability at 125 µg/mL, whereas NLC-BNZ and non-loaded NLC did not exert a significant effect on cell viability at the same concentration

• chronically infected individuals [1][4]. Currently, two drugs have been approved for the treatment of Chagas disease: benznidazole (BNZ) and nifurtimox. The first-line treatment, BNZ, is a nitroimidazole that generates radical intermediates via the reduction of its nitro group, which covalently bind to

• effects were not considered. The NLC samples were placed under vacuum between Kapton® tapes. The measurements were done in transmission mode. The SAXS/WAXS patterns were taken for 10 min each. Cell toxicity assay on CHO cells The viability of CHO cells was analyzed by the reduction of the tetrazolium salt

Silver-based SERS substrates fabricated using a 3D printed microfluidic device

• Phommachith Sonexai,
• Minh Van Nguyen,
• Bui The Huy and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 793–803, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.65

• , respectively, as described in detail in Supporting Information File 1. The use of high concentrations of AgNO3 resulted in the formation of numerous Ag nuclei due to a rapid reduction process. The collision frequency of these nuclei increases significantly with higher concentrations of silver nitrate

Silver nanoparticles loaded on lactose/alginate: in situ synthesis, catalytic degradation, and pH-dependent antibacterial activity

• Nguyen Thi Thanh Tu,
• T. Lan-Anh Vo,
• T. Thu-Trang Ho,
• Kim-Phuong T. Dang,
• Van-Dung Le,
• Phan Nhat Minh,
• Chi-Hien Dang,
• Vinh-Thien Tran,
• Van-Su Dang,
• Tran Thi Kim Chi,
• Hieu Vu-Quang,
• Radek Fajgar,
• Thi-Lan-Huong Nguyen,
• Van-Dat Doan and
• Thanh-Danh Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 781–792, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.64

• an in situ reduction process that requires no additional chemicals [16][17]. This technique using polysaccharides such as alginate [18] or chitosan [19] in conjunction with reducing agents enhanced cost efficiency and reduced the amounts of impurities or toxic compounds. AgNPs are widely used as

• nanocomposites using saccharides, such as alginate, cyclodextrin, and lactose. This method allows for the loading of metallic ions onto the nanocomposite, followed by their reduction to nanoparticles [36][37]. The nanocomposite matrix can release silver in appropriate environments, exhibiting pH-dependent

• antibacterial activity. Results and Discussion Synthesis of AgNPs@Lac/Alg Our recent work has demonstrated the successful synthesis of AgNPs using a two-step process involving loading and reduction, resulting in nanocomposites composed of alginate and cyclodextrins [36][38]. In the first step, silver ions were

Carboxylic acids and light interact to affect nanoceria stability and dissolution in acidic aqueous environments

• Matthew L. Hancock,
• Eric A. Grulke and
• Robert A. Yokel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 762–780, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.63

• yellow upon addition of H2O2, due to oxidation of Ce3+ to Ce4+. The solution then transitions back to colorless after approximately 15 days, due to reduction of Ce4+ to Ce3+ [47][48]. A similar color change, from colorless to dark orange, was observed upon addition of H2O2 produced enzymatically from

• carboxylic acid dispersions Color change In the presence of light, the majority of the nanoceria dispersions changed color from light yellow to colorless (attributed to Ce4+ reduction to Ce3+) [47]. Nanoceria stored in the dark did not change color and remained light yellow. Dynamic light scattering (DLS

• following identifies the members of the five groups and describes their effect on nanoceria dissolution/stability. Group one includes nanoceria exposed to citric, malic, and isocitric acid. For all three samples stored in the dark, there was an immediate reduction in hydrodynamic particle size, followed by

In situ magnesiothermic reduction synthesis of a Ge@C composite for high-performance lithium-ion batterie anodes

• Ha Tran Huu,
• Ngoc Phi Nguyen,
• Vuong Hoang Ngo,
• Huy Hoang Luc,
• Minh Kha Le,
• Minh Thu Nguyen,
• My Loan Phung Le,
• Hye Rim Kim,
• In Young Kim,
• Sung Jin Kim,
• Van Man Tran and
• Vien Vo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 751–761, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.62

• report an in situ magnesiothermic reduction to synthesize a composite of Ge@C as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries. The obtained electrode delivered a specific capacity of 454.2 mAh·g−1 after 200 cycles at a specific current of 1000 mA·g−1. The stable electrochemical performance and good rate

• contact formation during in situ synthesis. Keywords: Ge anode; in situ synthesis; lithium-ion batteries; magnesiothermic reduction; Introduction The significantly increasing energy consumption leads to the exhaustion of fossil fuel sources such as coal, oil, and natural gas. Additionally, there are

• preparation routes, such as sputtering deposition [20], wet-chemical reduction [21][22], thermal reduction [23], colloidal synthesis [24], and molten-salt synthesis [25], metallothermic, especially magnesiothermic reduction, has been widely applied in the synthesis of group-IV elements to control the

Cross-sectional Kelvin probe force microscopy on III–V epitaxial multilayer stacks: challenges and perspectives

• Mattia da Lisca,
• José Alvarez,
• James P. Connolly,
• Nicolas Vaissiere,
• Karim Mekhazni,
• Jean Decobert and
• Jean-Paul Kleider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 725–737, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.59

• charge regions and, thus, the presence of several junctions along the stack. Furthermore, a contrast enhancement in the surface potential image was observed when KPFM was performed under illumination, which is analysed in terms of the reduction of surface band bending induced by surface defects by

• . This results in a reduction of surface band bending and a decrease of surface potential, that is, a negative SPV. Conversely, in the case of upward surface band bending in an n-type semiconductor, photogenerated electrons are repelled from the surface, while photogenerated holes flow towards the

Nanomaterials for photocatalysis and applications in environmental remediation and renewable energy

• Viet Van Pham and
• Wee-Jun Ong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 722–724, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.58

• persistent organic pollutants (POPs) also contributes to water pollution, increasing global environmental pollution. Recently, the reduction and conversion of CO2 into fuel as valuable hydrocarbon products has been drawing attention from scientists in materials science, chemical engineering, nanotechnology

• appropriate for treating pollutants, even in atmospheric conditions [9][10][11]. Moreover, the photocatalysis method is also a potential solution for environmental remediation, carbon emission reduction, and renewable energy production [12][13][14]. Combining photocatalysts and sunlight irradiation is a