Self-assembly and wetting properties of gold nanorod–CTAB molecules on HOPG

• Imtiaz Ahmad,
• Floor Derkink,
• Tim Boulogne,
• Pantelis Bampoulis,
• Harold J. W. Zandvliet,
• Hidayat Ullah Khan,
• Rahim Jan and
• E. Stefan Kooij

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 696–705, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.69

• , the process of self-assembly at the liquid–solid interface has proved to be an attractive self-assembly route [4][8][9]. The self-assembled structures can play an important role in magnetic [10][11][12][13], electronic [14][15][16], photovoltaic [17][18][19], biomedical [20][21][22], sensing [23][24

Commercial polycarbonate track-etched membranes as substrates for low-cost optical sensors

• Paula Martínez-Pérez and
• Jaime García-Rupérez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 677–683, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.67

• this purpose, we firstly characterized their optical response in the near-infrared range. This response is an interference fringe pattern, characteristic of a Fabry–Pérot interferometer, which is an optical device typically used for sensing purposes. Afterwards, several refractive index sensing

• interest in medical diagnosis, security, biodefense or industrial procedures, among other fields of application. For the design and fabrication of these sensing devices, huge efforts have been made in recent years to develop different transducers suitable for each application. According to the transducer

• ]. Additionally, by proper functionalization, label-free and specific detection can be achieved [2][3][4]. Optical sensors whose working principle is based on the detection of changes in the refractive index (RI) are the most widely used ones. Among them, those that base the sensing process on the interaction of

Ultrathin hydrophobic films based on the metal organic framework UiO-66-COOH(Zr)

• Miguel A. Andrés,
• Clemence Sicard,
• Christian Serre,
• Olivier Roubeau and
• Ignacio Gascón

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 654–665, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.65

• applications [5], including gas storage [6], membranes for separation processes [7], heterogeneous catalysis [8], sensing [9] or drug delivery [10], among others. Many of these applications require the formation of MOF films onto different kinds of surfaces with precise control of film thickness and

• onto different kinds of substrates using the Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) or Langmuir–Schaefer (LS) deposition methods. Furthermore, the use of these films for CO2 sensing [21][26] or organic solvent nanofiltration [27] has been investigated. Additionally, we have also explored the fabrication of mixed LB

A carrier velocity model for electrical detection of gas molecules

• Ali Hosseingholi Pourasl,
• Sharifah Hafizah Syed Ariffin,
• Mohammad Taghi Ahmadi,
• Razali Ismail and
• Niayesh Gharaei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 644–653, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.64

• sensing methods based on electronic detection techniques, are receiving increasing attention [16][17][18]. The experimental detection techniques have some constraints such as low detection range, high cost, and mechanism complexity [19][20]. Theoretical methods and analytical techniques present a proper

• versa. All these phenomena lead to the variation of the velocity of the electrons and change the current–voltage properties of the sensor. These effects are important factors that can be used as sensing parameters in the sensor modelling. In this paper, the fundamentals and working principles of gas

• surface was 3 Å, as illustrated in Figure 4. In addition, several configurations of the NO molecule on the AGNR surface were considered for NO sensing. After molecule adsorption, the whole structure was optimized and relaxed so that the NO molecule was laid on the AGNR plane with a C–N distance of 3.74 Å

Biomimetic synthesis of Ag-coated glasswing butterfly arrays as ultra-sensitive SERS substrates for efficient trace detection of pesticides

• Guochao Shi,
• Mingli Wang,
• Yanying Zhu,
• Yuhong Wang,
• Xiaoya Yan,
• Xin Sun,
• Haijun Xu and
• Wanli Ma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 578–588, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.59

• , showing its great potential application in biochemical sensing and food security. Keywords: Ag nanofilm; glasswing butterfly; pesticide; surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS); Introduction Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), an extension of conventional Raman spectroscopy, is a powerful

• deal of “hot spots” and binding sites for probe molecules within the laser illumination spot [27]. Cicada wings were used in their experiment because they comprise periodic and large-scale micro/nanostructures. They were applied in the label-free detection and sensing of animal viruses. Later, via a

• environmental sensing. Results and Discussion Morphology characterization The morphology of neat G.b. wings was characterized by FE-SEM as shown in Figure 2a. We can observed that the surface of G.b. wings consists of interlaced vertical nanoplates with an average width of 30 ± 5 nm and an average length of 300

Hydrophilicity and carbon chain length effects on the gas sensing properties of chemoresistive, self-assembled monolayer carbon nanotube sensors

• Juan Casanova-Cháfer,
• Carla Bittencourt and
• Eduard Llobet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 565–577, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.58

• chain and its hydrophilicity on the gas sensing properties of SAMs formed on carbon nanotubes are studied, and additionally, the gas sensing mechanisms are discussed. Four thiols differing in the length of the carbon chain and in the hydrophobic or hydrophilic nature of the head functional group are

• response and selectivity. This would make the detection of polar and nonpolar gas species employing low-power gas sensors easier, even under fluctuating ambient moisture conditions. Keywords: carbon length chain; gas sensing mechanism; hydrophilicity; hydrophobicity; multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs

• , pristine carbon nanotubes (CNTs) present some limitations for gas sensing. For example, carbon nanotube gas sensors often suffer from slow recovery, especially when operated at room temperature, which eventually results in baseline and response drift. For that reason, it is usually necessary to heat up the

Quantification and coupling of the electromagnetic and chemical contributions in surface-enhanced Raman scattering

• Yarong Su,
• Yuanzhen Shi,
• Ping Wang,
• Jinglei Du,
• Markus B. Raschke and
• Lin Pang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 549–556, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.56

• provides for a novel design principle to optimize SERS substrates for sensing and photocatalysis in a new systematic manner for quantitative analysis and photochemistry. New theoretical work to investigate the underlying electronic and vibronic structure of the metal–molecule system under different

Wearable, stable, highly sensitive hydrogel–graphene strain sensors

• Jian Lv,
• Chuncai Kong,
• Chao Yang,
• Lu Yin,
• Itthipon Jeerapan,
• Fangzhao Pu,
• Xiaojing Zhang,
• Sen Yang and
• Zhimao Yang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 475–480, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.47

• human skin has impeded further integration as a wearable sensing component [7]. Hydrogels, with mechanical properties like biological tissues and consisting of three-dimensional polymer networks that can retain a large amount of water, can serve as ideal vehicles for wearable devices [8][9]. Several

• after the drying of the graphene solution. The sensing performance of the graphene/WG-hydrogel composite material is shown in Figure 3a. The sensitivity of the graphene/WG-hydrogel composite sensor, represented by the gauge factor (the ratio of the relative electrical resistance change ΔR/R to the

Temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy and sensor applications of PtSe₂ nanosheets synthesized by wet chemistry

• Mahendra S. Pawar and
• Dattatray J. Late

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 467–474, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.46

• annealed in a vacuum furnace at 170 °C to improve the contact resistance and adhesion of the nanosheets with the substrate. The humidity sensing performance was investigated by exposing the sensor device to various relative humidity (RH) levels ranging from 11.3–97.3% as described in detail previously [26

• resistance of the sensor device vs relative humidity plot. The resistance is significantly decreased from 3.75 GΩ to 0.83 MΩ. The humidity sensing mechanism for the PtSe2 sensor can be explained as follows. When the PtSe2 nanosheet sensor device was exposed to water molecules/vapors, a charge transfer

Advanced scanning probe lithography using anatase-to-rutile transition to create localized TiO₂ nanorods

• Julian Kalb,
• Vanessa Knittel and
• Lukas Schmidt-Mende

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 412–418, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.40

• optoelectronic characteristics. The fabrication of nanostructured TiO2 is inexpensive and hence employed in many applications such as photodetectors [2], photovoltaics [3][4][5][6], photocatalysis [7][8][9][10][11], surficial disinfection [12], biosensing [13], gas sensing [14][15][16], dewetting [17][18][19

• adhesion between implants and body tissues [32]. Many of the listed applications could be refined into spatially resolved technologies such as locally controlled photocatalysis for molecule degradation, spatially resolved gas or molecule sensing, gradients on superhydrophilic surfaces with close-meshed

Sub-wavelength waveguide properties of 1D and surface-functionalized SnO₂ nanostructures of various morphologies

• Venkataramana Bonu,
• Binaya Kumar Sahu,
• Arindam Das,
• Sankarakumar Amirthapandian,
• Sandip Dhara and
• Harish C. Barshilia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 379–388, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.37

• to carry out logic operations in computing and communications and in optoelectronic devices. In this regard, metal oxide NWs play a pivotal role with their wide range of applications in lasers [1][2], medicine [3], chemical sensing [4][5], fabrication of efficient components in nanometer-sized

• nanoparticles [18] have been reported in our previous studies. We have also deciphered strong correlations of various defects in SnO2 NSs for chemical gas sensing [13] and wettability properties [19]. The growth of metal oxides with controllable dimensions is an important area for technological applications. In

Transport signatures of an Andreev molecule in a quantum dot–superconductor–quantum dot setup

• Zoltán Scherübl,
• András Pályi and
• Szabolcs Csonka

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 363–378, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.36

• the price of decreasing the currents, too. Charge sensing [76][77] is another method to map out the boundaries of the phase diagram, as we illustrate in the right column of Figure 2. A charge sensor is usually engineered to be mostly sensitive to the average electron occupation of one of the quantum

• dots, say, QDL. Compared to the conductance measurement through the QD–SC–QD system, charge sensing has the advantage of conceptual simplicity, and the measurability without additional N leads attached to the QD–SC–QD system; but might have the disadvantage of a more complex device design, since the

• Figure 2a, the average electron occupation decreases as εL is increased, and the jump locations in follow the phase boundaries. The jumps are more pronounced along the vertical phase boundaries, i.e., in a charge-sensing experiment the measurement of QDL maps out the vertical phase boundary lines more

Relation between thickness, crystallite size and magnetoresistance of nanostructured La_1−xSr_xMn_yO_3±δ films for magnetic field sensors

• Rasuole Lukose,
• Valentina Plausinaitiene,
• Milita Vagner,
• Nerija Zurauskiene,
• Skirmantas Kersulis,
• Virgaudas Kubilius,
• Karolis Motiejuitis,
• Birute Knasiene,
• Voitech Stankevic,
• Zita Saltyte,
• Martynas Skapas,
• Algirdas Selskis and
• Evaldas Naujalis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 256–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.24

• films consisting of columnar nanograins have already been successfully applied for the sensing of high pulsed magnetic fields (B-scalar sensor) [13][14]. Despite this development, the scalar (independent of field orientation) CMR effect under a low magnetic field is still a challenging goal towards

• range [1]. In this study, we present the possibility to tune and to select the necessary properties of nanostructured LSMO films by changing the film thickness and microstructure in order to obtain higher sensitivity and lower anisotropy, important for magnetic field sensing. Results and Discussion Two

Magnetic-field sensor with self-reference characteristic based on a magnetic fluid and independent plasmonic dual resonances

• Kun Ren,
• Xiaobin Ren,
• Yumeng He and
• Qun Han

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 247–255, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.23

• accuracy. A simple and compact self-reference sensor with high sensitivity is achieved and it is promising in the integrated sensing and detection of magnetic fields. Methods The proposed plasmonic nanostructure is schematically shown in Figure 1. Two stubs are located on each side of the MDM waveguide. A

• changing specific structural parameters. This independently tunable dual resonance is promising in the application of multi-parameter sensing. Next we investigate the effect of the refractive index on the transmission peaks. Since the left resonance peak is mainly influenced by the disk, we fill the disk

• cavity with a sensing medium, namely a magnetic fluid. The refractive index of the MF (nMF) varies with temperature T and external field strength H. The value of nMF does not change until the field strength exceeds a critical value Hc. Then, nMF increases with rising field strengths and finally reaches a

Thermal control of the defunctionalization of supported Au₂₅(glutathione)₁₈ catalysts for benzyl alcohol oxidation

• Zahraa Shahin,
• Hyewon Ji,
• Rodica Chiriac,
• Nadine Essayem,
• Franck Rataboul and
• Aude Demessence

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 228–237, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.21

• chemical sensing, bioimaging, biotherapy and catalysis. As a catalyst, GNCs, and mostly Au25(SR)18 gold thiolate clusters, have shown high activity for different reactions such as liquid or gas phase oxidation, hydrogenation, C–C coupling and electro/photocatalysis [13]. Based on different studies, it is

Study of silica-based intrinsically emitting nanoparticles produced by an excimer laser

• Imène Reghioua,
• Mattia Fanetti,
• Sylvain Girard,
• Diego Di Francesca,
• Simonpietro Agnello,
• Layla Martin-Samos,
• Marco Cannas,
• Matjaz Valant,
• Melanie Raine,
• Marc Gaillardin,
• Nicolas Richard,
• Philippe Paillet,
• Aziz Boukenter,
• Youcef Ouerdane and
• Antonino Alessi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 211–221, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.19

• increasing need for optical, photonic and medical devices used in telecommunication, medicine, sensing and imaging applications [1][2] as well as in biology, sustainable development, chemistry and physics. In most cases, micro- or nanostructures are nowadays required in all these fields, thus the study of

Wet chemistry route for the decoration of carbon nanotubes with iron oxide nanoparticles for gas sensing

• Hussam M. Elnabawy,
• Juan Casanova-Chafer,
• Badawi Anis,
• Mostafa Fedawy,
• Mattia Scardamaglia,
• Carla Bittencourt,
• Ahmed S. G. Khalil,
• Eduard Llobet and
• Xavier Vilanova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 105–118, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.10

• by selecting the appropriate ratio of carbon nanotubes/iron salt, while nanoparticle size can be modulated by controlling the calcination period. Pristine and iron-decorated carbon nanotubes were deposited on silicon substrates to investigate their gas sensing properties. It was found that loading

• with iron oxide nanoparticles substantially ameliorated the response towards nitrogen dioxide. Keywords: benzene detection; doping; gas sensor; metal nanoparticle decoration; multiwalled carbon nanotubes; NO2 detection; room temperature gas sensing; surface modification; Introduction Carbon nanotubes

• properties [2][3]. In particular, they have been extensively researched in gas sensing applications because of their high thermal and chemical stability, high adsorption capacity and suitability for being functionalized, which enables tailoring (to some extent) their sensitivity and selectivity to the

Bidirectional biomimetic flow sensing with antiparallel and curved artificial hair sensors

• Claudio Abels,
• Antonio Qualtieri,
• Toni Lober,
• Alessandro Mariotti,
• Lily D. Chambers,
• Massimo De Vittorio,
• William M. Megill and
• Francesco Rizzi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 32–46, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.4

• Civile e Industriale, Pisa, I-56122, Italy 10.3762/bjnano.10.4 Abstract Background: Flow stimuli in the natural world are varied and contain a wide variety of directional information. Nature has developed morphological polarity and bidirectional arrangements for flow sensing to filter the incoming

• sensor; biomimetics; flow direction; flow sensing; robotics; Introduction Biological lateral line organ Flow sensors in nature often have a morphological polarity, such as the hair cell sensors in the lateral line of fish [1], in jellyfish [2], arthropods [3][4] and crickets [5][6][7][8], as well as the

• hair cells in audition of humans [9]. The lateral line of a fish is an intricate flow sensing network of individual sensors, called neuromasts, which are located on the surface and subsurface on the body of the fish. Over millions of years, two different types of neuromasts have evolved, canal and

A new bioinspired method for pressure and flow sensing based on the underwater air-retaining surface of the backswimmer Notonecta

• Matthias Mail,
• Adrian Klein,
• Horst Bleckmann,
• Anke Schmitz,
• Torsten Scherer,
• Peter T. Rühr,
• Goran Lovric,
• Robin Fröhlingsdorf,
• Stanislav N. Gorb and
• Wilhelm Barthlott

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3039–3047, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.282

• serve a sensory function. We suggest that this predatory aquatic insect can detect pressure changes and water movements by sensing volume changes of the air layer under water. In the present study, we used a variety of microscopy techniques to investigate the fine structure of the hemelytra. Furthermore

Hydrogen-induced plasticity in nanoporous palladium

• Markus Gößler,
• Eva-Maria Steyskal,
• Markus Stütz,
• Norbert Enzinger and
• Roland Würschum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3013–3024, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.280

• element for hydrogen-sensing applications [23]. The mechanical properties of nanoporous samples have been extensively studied in the literature, especially for the model system of nanoporous gold (npAu). Reports on potential-controlled creep [24], fracture [25] and strength [26] in npAu add to the list of

Investigation of CVD graphene as-grown on Cu foil using simultaneous scanning tunneling/atomic force microscopy

• Majid Fazeli Jadidi,
• Umut Kamber,
• Oğuzhan Gürlü and
• H. Özgür Özer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2953–2959, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.274

• apex. However, the uncertainty whether there is sufficient coating at the very apex of the tip or not and whether that coating remains during the experiments casts doubt on the metallic nature of the tip. Only in a limited number of experiments where a tuning fork is used as the sensing element, W tips

Ternary nanocomposites of reduced graphene oxide, polyaniline and hexaniobate: hierarchical architecture and high polaron formation

• Claudio H. B. Silva,
• Maria Iliut,
• Christopher Muryn,
• Christian Berger,
• Zachary Coldrick,
• Vera R. L. Constantino,
• Marcia L. A. Temperini and
• Aravind Vijayaraghavan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2936–2946, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.272

• morphological aspects. Therefore, the new nanocomposite presents promising properties for development of new materials in the film form on substrates for sensing or corrosion protection for example. Keywords: graphene oxide; hexaniobate; polyaniline; Raman spectroscopy; secondary doping; Introduction

• applied, for instance, as supercapacitors, sensing materials, solar cells, electrochromic devices, anticorrosion coatings or as materials for carbon dioxide capture [8]. The layered inorganic phase offers a high surface area for PANI deposition and increases its thermal stability with regard to

• conductivities [15][16][17]. Polyaniline (PANI) is a conducting polymer that has shown promising properties for the development of materials for different fields such as chemical sensing [18][19], memory devices [20][21] and energy storage [22][23]. As schematically shown in Figure 1b, the conducting form of

In situ characterization of nanoscale contaminations adsorbed in air using atomic force microscopy

• Jesús S. Lacasa,
• Lisa Almonte and
• Jaime Colchero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2925–2935, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.271

• access the chemistry of the tip–sample system. Results and Discussion Topographic imaging of the tip and the flat part of a cantilever Figure 1 shows images where the lower side of the cantilever, that is, the side with the sensing tip, has been used as the sample. As discussed below, tip imaging can be

Time-resolved universal temperature measurements using NaYF₄:Er³⁺,Yb³⁺ upconverting nanoparticles in an electrospray jet

• Kristina Shrestha,
• Arwa A. Alaulamie,
• Ali Rafiei Miandashti and
• Hugh H. Richardson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2916–2924, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.270

• ][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27], phase transitions [28][29], quantum dot luminescence thermometry [30], and ultrafast pump–probe measurements [31][32][33][34]. An optical temperature measurement has the advantage of remote sensing but is diffraction-limited with the spatial uncertainty

Charged particle single nanometre manufacturing

• Philip D. Prewett,
• Cornelis W. Hagen,
• Claudia Lenk,
• Steve Lenk,
• Marcus Kaestner,
• Tzvetan Ivanov,
• Ahmad Ahmad,
• Ivo W. Rangelow,
• Xiaoqing Shi,
• Stuart A. Boden,
• Alex P. G. Robinson,
• Dongxu Yang,
• Sangeetha Hari,
• Marijke Scotuzzi and
• Ejaz Huq

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2855–2882, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.266

• uses so-called active cantilevers in cantilever scanning configuration [146]. These are self-actuated and self-sensing scanning probes [147], which can be used both for lithography and for measuring the generated structures by atomic force microscopy and related techniques such as Kelvin force

• piezo-resistors configured in an integrated Wheatstone bridge to reduce the influence of noise and temperature [150][151]. A simulation model was developed to optimize the size, length and placement of the heater and the deflection sensor [148][152]. Other actuation and sensing principles can be used as