Heat-induced transformation of nickel-coated polycrystalline diamond film studied in situ by XPS and NEXAFS

• Olga V. Sedelnikova,
• Yuliya V. Fedoseeva,
• Dmitriy V. Gorodetskiy,
• Yuri N. Palyanov,
• Elena V. Shlyakhova,
• Eugene A. Maksimovskiy,
• Anna A. Makarova,
• Lyubov G. Bulusheva and
• Aleksandr V. Okotrub

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 887–898, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.67

• of diamond surfaces is important for many applications, which require the formation of thin conductive electrodes on dielectric substrates. Transition metal catalysts can facilitate the graphitization process, which depends on the diamond face orientation. In the present work, the role of a nickel

• coating on the electronic structure and chemical state of graphite layers formed on the surface of a polycrystalline diamond (PCD) film with mixed grain orientation was studied. A synthetic single-crystal diamond (SCD) with a polished (110) face was examined for comparison. The samples were coated with a

• thin nickel film deposited by thermal evaporation. The graphitization of diamond with and without a nickel coating as a result of high-vacuum annealing at a temperature of about 1100 °C was studied in situ using synchrotron-based X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and near-edge X-ray absorption

Thickness dependent oxidation in CrCl₃: a scanning X-ray photoemission and Kelvin probe microscopies study

• Shafaq Kazim,
• Rahul Parmar,
• Maryam Azizinia,
• Matteo Amati,
• Muhammad Rauf,
• Andrea Di Cicco,
• Seyed Javid Rezvani,
• Dario Mastrippolito,
• Luca Ottaviano,
• Tomasz Klimczuk,
• Luca Gregoratti and
• Roberto Gunnella

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 749–761, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.58

• cantilever coated with Pt at the resonance frequency of 68 kHz with an elastic constant of 1–5 N/m (AppNano) and doped diamond tips with 120 kHz and 8 N/m elastic constant (ADAMA). Kelvin probe force microscopy images were taken via double passage before and after applying an electric field by elevating the

High-temperature epitaxial growth of tantalum nitride thin films on MgO: structural evolution and potential for SQUID applications

• Michelle Cedillo Rosillo,
• Oscar Contreras López,
• Jesús Antonio Díaz,
• Agustín Conde Gallardo and
• Harvi A. Castillo Cuero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 690–699, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.53

• and chemical properties, including ultrahardness (comparable to that of diamond) and high melting points around 3000 °C. These properties can be qualitatively understood by observing that the Fermi energy falls within a pronounced minimum of the density of states [7]. Some reports have shown that TaN

Retrieval of B1 phase from high-pressure B2 phase for CdO nanoparticles by electronic excitations in Cd_xZn_1−xO composite thin films

• Arkaprava Das,
• Marcin Zając and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 551–560, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.43

• not been previously conducted, as the B2 phase has only been reported through hydrostatic pressure techniques using the in situ diamond anvil cell (DAC) technique [14]. Our study is facilitated by the successful achievement of the B2 phase at atmospheric pressure for CdxZn1−xO (x = 0.40) composite

Synthetic-polymer-assisted antisense oligonucleotide delivery: targeted approaches for precision disease treatment

• Ana Cubillo Alvarez,
• Dylan Maguire and
• Ruairí P. Brannigan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 435–463, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.34

• process of PPI-Mal G4 and PPI-Mal-III G4 dendrimers conjugated with multiple anti-HIV ASOs. Dendriplexes with diverse sizes and morphologies, including 1D rod-like and 3D diamond-shaped structures, were successfully prepared by altering the physicochemical properties of the carriers and the

Engineered PEG–PCL nanoparticles enable sensitive and selective detection of sodium dodecyl sulfate: a qualitative and quantitative analysis

• Soni Prajapati and
• Ranjana Singh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 385–396, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.29

• nanoparticles was placed over the diamond point, and the spectra were recorded in the 3900–550 cm−1 range. Optimization of PEG–PCL nanoparticles The concentration and volume of PEG–PCL NPs were optimized using Bradford reagent to obtain maximum absorbance. PEG–PCL NPs (10 mg/mL) were added to the Bradford

Radiosensitizing properties of dual-functionalized carbon nanostructures loaded with temozolomide

• Radmila Milenkovska,
• Nikola Geskovski,
• Dushko Shalabalija,
• Ljubica Mihailova,
• Petre Makreski,
• Dushko Lukarski,
• Igor Stojkovski,
• Maja Simonoska Crcarevska and
• Kristina Mladenovska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 229–251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.18

Orientation-dependent photonic bandgaps in gold-dust weevil scales and their titania bioreplicates

• Norma Salvadores Farran,
• Limin Wang,
• Primoz Pirih and
• Bodo D. Wilts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1–10, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.1

• 10.3762/bjnano.16.1 Abstract The scales of the gold-dust weevil Hypomeces squamosus are green because of three-dimensional diamond-type chitin–air photonic crystals with an average periodicity of about 430 nm and a chitin fill fraction of about 0.44. A single scale usually contains one to three

• replicas that exhibited a 70 to 120 nm redshift of the bandgap, depending on the lattice orientation. The wavelength shift in {100} orientation is supported by full-wave optical modeling of a dual diamond network with an exchanged fill fraction (0.56) of the material with the refractive index in the range

• copolymers [10][11], lithography, or laser etching [12][13], but it can be routinely found in animal integuments. Biomimetic approaches using templates from natural structures offers a possible alternative. The scales of many beetles and weevils contain diamond photonic crystals [14][15][16] that may serve

Facile synthesis of size-tunable L-carnosine-capped silver nanoparticles and their role in metal ion sensing and catalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol

• Akash Kumar,
• Ridhima Chadha,
• Abhishek Das,
• Nandita Maiti and
• Rayavarapu Raja Gopal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1576–1592, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.124

• . The functionalization of AgNPs with ʟ-carnosine was validated through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR, Thermo Scientific Nicolet iS5, USA). For this, 10 mg of air-dried nanopowder was placed over a diamond, and the software (OMNIC™) was run over the spectral range of 400–4000 cm−1. The

A biomimetic approach towards a universal slippery liquid infused surface coating

• Ryan A. Faase,
• Madeleine H. Hummel,
• AnneMarie V. Hasbrook,
• Andrew P. Carpenter and
• Joe E. Baio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1376–1389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.111

• a 1:1 mixture of ethanol and acetone for 30 min. Si substrates were fabricated via a diamond-tipped blade in a Disco wafer saw (Disco, Tokyo, Japan) from a silicon wafer cut into 1 × 1 cm2 substrates. These Si substrates were left overnight to soak in DI water and then sonicated in 20 min intervals

Nanoarchitectonics with cetrimonium bromide on metal nanoparticles for linker-free detection of toxic metal ions and catalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol

• Akash Kumar and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1312–1332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.106

• used for measurement. The functionalization of AgNS, AuNS, AuNR1, and AuNR2 with CTAB was validated through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (Thermo Scientific, Nicolet iS5, USA). 10 mg of the air-dried nanoparticles were placed over a diamond and measured in the range of 400–4000 cm−1

Functional morphology of cleaning devices in the damselfly Ischnura elegans (Odonata, Coenagrionidae)

• Silvana Piersanti,
• Gianandrea Salerno,
• Wencke Krings,
• Stanislav Gorb and
• Manuela Rebora

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1260–1272, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.102

• the same buffer, dehydrated by using ascending ethanol concentrations, and finally embedded in an Epon–Araldite resin mixture (Sigma-Aldrich). Afterwards, semithin sections of the foretibial grooming structures were cut with a diamond knife using a Leica EM UC6 ultramicrotome, collected on glass

Effects of cutting tool geometry on material removal of a gradient nanograined CoCrNi medium entropy alloy

• Yu-Sheng Lu,
• Yu-Xuan Hung,
• Thi-Xuyen Bui and
• Te-Hua Fang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 925–940, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.76

• simulation, as shown in Figure 1b. Figure 1c shows polycrystalline CoCrNi MEAs with different grain size gradient sizes, including 2-3-4 nm, 5-7-9 nm, and 10-13-15 nm. Figure 1d shows the simulated diamond cutting tool, a rigid body with various rake angles consisting of 14,287–39,156 C atoms. Periodic

Electrospun polysuccinimide scaffolds containing different salts as potential wound dressing material

• Veronika Pálos,
• Krisztina S. Nagy,
• Rita Pázmány,
• Krisztina Juriga-Tóth,
• Bálint Budavári,
• Judit Domokos,
• Dóra Szabó,
• Ákos Zsembery and
• Angela Jedlovszky-Hajdu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 781–796, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.65

• The presence of inorganic salts in the scaffolds was investigated by using infrared spectroscopy. For this purpose, a JASCO FT/IR-4700 spectroscope with a diamond ATR head was applied. In all cases, the measurements were taken between 400 and 4000 cm−1 wave numbers with a 2 cm−1 resolution. A

• deuterated triglycine sulfate (DTGS) detector was used, and 256 scans were accumulated for each sample. The background spectra (H2O, CO2, ATR head exclusion) were obtained on a diamond crystal and were subtracted from the sample spectra. The peaks of the spectra were determined with the SpectraGryph software

Gold nanomakura: nanoarchitectonics and their photothermal response in association with carrageenan hydrogels

• Nabojit Das,
• Vikas,
• Akash Kumar,
• Sanjeev Soni and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 678–693, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.56

• was assessed through FTIR spectroscopy. For this, 1–2 mg of the dried form of the nanoparticles and beads incorporated with nanoparticles for each sample was placed on a diamond point of FTIR (Thermo Scientific, Nicolet iS5, USA) using the software OMNIC™ for the measurements over a transmittance

Laser synthesis of nanoparticles in organic solvents – products, reactions, and perspectives

• Theo Fromme,
• Sven Reichenberger,
• Katharine M. Tibbetts and
• Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 638–663, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.54

• crucial for the synthesis of polyynes. On the one hand, if the fluence is below a certain threshold for solvent decomposition, the necessary fragments and, hence, polyynes cannot be formed. On the other hand, if the fluence is too high or the irradiation time is too long, processes leading to diamond-like

Sidewall angle tuning in focused electron beam-induced processing

• Sangeetha Hari,
• Willem F. van Dorp,
• Johannes J. L. Mulders,
• Piet H. F. Trompenaars,
• Pieter Kruit and
• Cornelis W. Hagen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 447–456, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.40

• structures by removing the undesired carbon remnants from organometallic precursors [5][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Another example is a study of the etching rate and the etching profiles achieved in FEBIE with water on diamond samples [19]. Most studies were limited to etching of planar surfaces

Controllable physicochemical properties of WO_x thin films grown under glancing angle

• Rupam Mandal,
• Aparajita Mandal,
• Alapan Dutta,
• Rengasamy Sivakumar,
• Sanjeev Kumar Srivastava and
• Tapobrata Som

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 350–359, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.31

• , heterostructures having an n-type WOx layer on various p-type substrates such as p-Si [12][13], Cu2O [14], NiO [15], p-ZnO nanowires (NWs) [16], diamond [17], and BiVO4 [18], have a great technological importance in the field of heterojunction solar cells, LEDs, and resistance random access memory (RRAM) devices

• films was studied in cross-section view mode using a field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) (Carl Zeiss). The samples were cleaved using a diamond cutter and placed on the SEM sample holder with the cross-sectional area facing the electron beam. All SEM images were captured using 5 keV

Graphene removal by water-assisted focused electron-beam-induced etching – unveiling the dose and dwell time impact on the etch profile and topographical changes in SiO₂ substrates

• Aleksandra Szkudlarek,
• Jan M. Michalik,
• Inés Serrano-Esparza,
• Zdeněk Nováček,
• Veronika Novotná,
• Piotr Ozga,
• Czesław Kapusta and
• José María De Teresa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 190–198, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.18

• ][17] and all carbon allotropes, such as diamond [18][19] or carbon nanotubes [20]. Although the fundamentals of the FEBIE method are easily intelligible, the process includes complex surface kinetics phenomena occurring between electrons and adsorbed molecules [21]. Hence, the resolution of the method

Fluorescent bioinspired albumin/polydopamine nanoparticles and their interactions with Escherichia coli cells

• Eloïse Equy,
• Jordana Hirtzel,
• Sophie Hellé,
• Béatrice Heurtault,
• Eric Mathieu,
• Morgane Rabineau,
• Vincent Ball and
• Lydie Ploux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1208–1224, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.100

• suspension was finally deposited on a glass slide and covered by a glass coverslip, both previously washed using 0.2% Hellmanex® cleaning solution and ethanol in an ultrasonic bath. After complete drying (15 min), 8 µL of mounting medium (ProLong™ Diamond, Molecular Probes™) was deposited on the dry drop of

Determination of the radii of coated and uncoated silicon AFM sharp tips using a height calibration standard grating and a nonlinear regression function

• Perawat Boonpuek and
• Jonathan R. Felts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1200–1207, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.99

• and the reduced modulus [14]. Real-time measurements of tip radii based on analysis of the power spectral density (PSD) of the topography of a surface of an ultrananocrystalline diamond were carried out to detect changes in tip radius during tapping mode scanning. For each scan, the frequency data in

A multi-resistance wide-range calibration sample for conductive probe atomic force microscopy measurements

• François Piquemal,
• Khaled Kaja,
• Pascal Chrétien,
• José Morán-Meza,
• Frédéric Houzé,
• Christian Ulysse and
• Abdelmounaim Harouri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1141–1148, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.94

• scanning the central zone of the sample. Experiments were performed using a Multimode 8 AFM system with a Nanoscope V controller (Bruker, USA) operated in contact mode with CDT-FMR diamond-coated probes (Nanosensors, USA). Resistance maps (512 × 512 pixels) were recorded using a recently developed custom

• scanning conditions, current and resistance mapping as well as I–V spectroscopy over a wide range of current measurement (from 100 µA to less than 100 fA) (see Supporting Information File 1, section S1). Previous experiments have shown diamond-coated tips to be most suitable for imaging gold surfaces in

• measurements on gold pads, this observation was systematically made for the I–V curves measured on all gold electrode arms. Through further investigations, we were able to associate this observation with the use of worn AFM diamond tips, especially formed by a p-type diamond coating on a highly doped n-type Si

Density functional theory study of Au-fcc/Ge and Au-hcp/Ge interfaces

• Olga Sikora,
• Małgorzata Sternik,
• Benedykt R. Jany,
• Franciszek Krok,
• Przemysław Piekarz and
• Andrzej M. Oleś

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1093–1105, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.90

• in the bulk and in the supercell configurations. Structural models Under ambient pressure, germanium and gold crystallize in the diamond () and the fcc (Fm3m) structure, respectively. Their experimental lattice constants are aGe = 5.66 Å for germanium and aAu−fcc = 4.08 Å for gold [31]. The hexagonal

Upscaling the urea method synthesis of CoAl layered double hydroxides

• Camilo Jaramillo-Hernández,
• Víctor Oestreicher,
• Martín Mizrahi and
• Gonzalo Abellán

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 927–938, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.76

• in the carbonate bending signal (from 775 to 740 cm−1, denoted with a diamond) and the appearance of a shoulder at 581 cm−1 (denoted with an asterisk) indicate the presence of the impurity already observed by PXRD (see also Supporting Information File 1, Figure S3) [48]. Aiming to determine the

Metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials as opto-electrochemical sensors for the detection of antibiotics and hormones: A review

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo,
• Saba Derakhshan Oskouei and
• Mustafa Gazi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 631–673, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.52