Graphene oxide–chloroquine conjugate induces DNA damage in A549 lung cancer cells through autophagy modulation

• Braham Dutt Arya,
• Sandeep Mittal,
• Prachi Joshi,
• Alok Kumar Pandey,
• Jaime E. Ramirez-Vick,
• Govind Gupta and
• Surinder P. Singh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 316–332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.24

• . Further, the cell suspension was diluted by adding 400 μL of 1× PBS, and red fluorescence emitted from PI was analyzed by flow cytometry (BD FACS Canto II, BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA) using a 650 ± 13 nm band-pass filter. Three independent experiments were performed for each group. The proportion

Recent advances in photothermal nanomaterials for ophthalmic applications

• Jiayuan Zhuang,
• Linhui Jia,
• Chenghao Li,
• Rui Yang,
• Jiapeng Wang,
• Wen-an Wang,
• Heng Zhou and
• Xiangxia Luo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 195–215, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.16

• , over time, the excessive proliferation of conjunctival fibroblasts and remodeling of collagen around the vesicles can lead to the failure of the surgical effects [144]. The primary strategy to counter fibrosis has been the use of antimetabolic drugs, but this often leads to complications like filter

• thermally destroys conjunctival fibroblasts and invasive bacteria around conjunctival vesicles, while the 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) inhibits fibrous responses in filter vesicles, thus achieving effective IOP reduction [145]. 3.5 Endophthalmitis Endophthalmitis, commonly resulting from pathogenic infections, is

Nanocarriers and macrophage interaction: from a potential hurdle to an alternative therapeutic strategy

• Naths Grazia Sukubo,
• Paolo Bigini and
• Annalisa Morelli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 97–118, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.10

Attempts to preserve and visualize protein corona on the surface of biological nanoparticles in blood serum using photomodification

• Julia E. Poletaeva,
• Anastasiya V. Tupitsyna,
• Alina E. Grigor’eva,
• Ilya S. Dovydenko and
• Elena I. Ryabchikova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1654–1666, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.130

• copper grids covered with formvar film. A drop of a sample was adsorbed for 1 min on a grid, excess of the liquid was removed by a pipette; then, the wet grid was placed on a drop of 0.5% aqueous uranyl acetate solution for 10 s, excess liquid was removed with filter paper. Grids were air-dried and

Facile synthesis of size-tunable L-carnosine-capped silver nanoparticles and their role in metal ion sensing and catalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol

• Akash Kumar,
• Ridhima Chadha,
• Abhishek Das,
• Nandita Maiti and
• Rayavarapu Raja Gopal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1576–1592, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.124

• edge filter using 532 nm as an excitation source. The Raman signal of the silicon wafer at 520 cm−1 was considered the reference point for spectrometer calibration, ensuring a spectral measurement accuracy better than 1 cm−1. The Raman spectra acquisition times were approximately 25 s for solid ʟ

Ultrablack color in velvet ant cuticle

• Vinicius Marques Lopez,
• Wencke Krings,
• Juliana Reis Machado,
• Stanislav Gorb and
• Rhainer Guillermo-Ferreira

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1554–1565, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.122

• role in thermal regulation [32]. Additionally, previous studies have suggested a potential association between dark colors in velvet ants and photoprotection [16]. In this case, the dark cuticle would function as a radiation filter to prevent ultraviolet radiation from reaching the cells underneath

The round-robin approach applied to nanoinformatics: consensus prediction of nanomaterials zeta potential

• Dimitra-Danai Varsou,
• Arkaprava Banerjee,
• Joyita Roy,
• Kunal Roy,
• Giannis Savvas,
• Haralambos Sarimveis,
• Ewelina Wyrzykowska,
• Mateusz Balicki,
• Tomasz Puzyn,
• Georgia Melagraki,
• Iseult Lynch and
• Antreas Afantitis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1536–1553, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.121

• NMs’ properties when small datasets are available [4][5][6]. These in silico methodologies can be used in the early steps of the “safe-and-sustainable by design” framework and in the development of novel NMs to filter out unpromising candidates and prioritize NMs with desired properties. The rational

Lithium niobate on insulator: an emerging nanophotonic crystal for optimized light control

• Midhun Murali,
• Amit Banerjee and
• Tanmoy Basu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1415–1426, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.114

• to be used as a filter. At low contrast, the reflectance saturation is observed at a great number of bilayers and conversely, at high contrast, the reflectance saturation is observed at a low number of bilayers. It has been noted in low-loss infinite layered PhC that the significant reflection

• , but careful design, advanced fabrication, and interface engineering are crucial for success. Conclusion One-dimensional photonic crystals with lithium niobate (LN) were demonstrated using COMSOL simulation. The LN-SiO2 structure is suitable as a bandpass filter in the microwave regime. The reflectance

A biomimetic approach towards a universal slippery liquid infused surface coating

• Ryan A. Faase,
• Madeleine H. Hummel,
• AnneMarie V. Hasbrook,
• Andrew P. Carpenter and
• Joe E. Baio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1376–1389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.111

• processing and analysis of the collected scans included a lowpass filter and took place in the “NanoScope analysis” software. Sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy The SFG setup used an EKSLPA Nd:YAG laser operated at 50 Hz to generate a fixed visible (532 nm−1) and tunable infrared beam (1000

Green synthesis of carbon dot structures from Rheum Ribes and Schottky diode fabrication

• Muhammed Taha Durmus and
• Ebru Bozkurt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1369–1375, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.110

• autoclave and hydrothermal synthesis was carried out at 125 °C for 12 h. After the reaction was completed, the aqueous suspension was brought to room temperature and filtered with ordinary filter paper. The filtrate was passed through a 0.22 µm membrane filter and centrifuged at 10000 rpm for 30 min. The

A low-kiloelectronvolt focused ion beam strategy for processing low-thermal-conductance materials with nanoampere currents

• Annalena Wolff,
• Nico Klingner,
• William Thompson,
• Yinghong Zhou,
• Jinying Lin and
• Yin Xiao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1197–1207, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.97

• current, 1 µs dwell time, 128 frames integration filter and 1024 × 882 pixel resolution with an Everhart–Thornley detector. FIB TEM-lamella preparation and TEM analysis To verify if the collagen was heat-damaged when processing the sample using nanoampere range currents and different incident ion energies

Effect of wavelength and liquid on formation of Ag, Au, Ag/Au nanoparticles via picosecond laser ablation and SERS-based detection of DMMP

• Sree Satya Bharati Moram,
• Chandu Byram and
• Venugopal Rao Soma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1054–1069, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.86

• -dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Furthermore, NPs of various sizes ranging from 6 to 35 nm were loaded onto a filter paper by a simple and effective drop-casting approach to achieve flexible surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates/sensors. These substrates were tested using a simple, portable

• substrates is the central aspect of the sensing field because of its simple sample collection from any rough surface [36][40]. Filter paper (FP) SERS substrates are rigorously investigated for the detection of hazardous dye molecules such as crystal violet (CV) and malachite green (MG) on fish [41

• ], pesticides on vegetables, dals [42], fruit surfaces [43], and explosives on rough surfaces [44][45]. In the last few years, our group has been continuously working on developing a flexible SERS substrate for the detection of various types of hazardous molecules: aggregated Ag and Au NPs on filter paper [46

Therapeutic effect of F127-folate@PLGA/CHL/IR780 nanoparticles on folate receptor-expressing cancer cells

• Thi Ngoc Han Pham,
• Phuong-Thao Dang-Luong,
• Hong-Phuc Nguyen,
• Loc Le-Tuan,
• Xuan Thang Cao,
• Thanh-Danh Nguyen,
• Vy Tran Anh and
• Hieu Vu_Quang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 954–964, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.78

• , respectively (Table 1), which is acceptable for systemic administration. According to a review, these negative charges could reduce kidney excretion. The endothelial glycocalyx layer, glomerular basement membrane, and podocyte glycocalyx layer have negative charges, which filter positive nanoparticles faster

Synthesis of silver–palladium Janus nanoparticles using co-sputtering of independent sources: experimental and theorical study

• Maria J. Martínez-Carreón,
• Francisco Solís-Pomar,
• Abel Fundora,
• Claudio D. Gutiérrez-Lazos,
• Sergio Mejía-Rosales,
• Hector N. Fernández-Escamilla,
• Jonathan Guerrero-Sánchez,
• Manuel F. Meléndrez and
• Eduardo Pérez-Tijerina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 808–816, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.67

• % purity; the sputtered atoms traveled to the second chamber, where a shower of Pd atoms was generated on the second magnetron from a palladium target with 99.99% purity. The BNPs generated by condensation passed through a quadrupole mass filter for size selection and were finally deposited on holey carbon

• connected by a Ag3Pd interface (Ag/AgPd/Pd model). Size distribution profiles determined using a quadrupole mass filter. HRTEM micrographs of AgPd nanoparticles. (a) Janus-type structure. (b) Janus-type structure. Calculation of interplanar distances in silver–palladium nanoparticles. (a) HRTEM micrograph

Electron-induced ligand loss from iron tetracarbonyl methyl acrylate

• Hlib Lyshchuk,
• Atul Chaudhary,
• Thomas F. M. Luxford,
• Miloš Ranković,
• Jaroslav Kočišek,
• Juraj Fedor,
• Lisa McElwee-White and
• Pamir Nag

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 797–807, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.66

• , kept at around 25 °C, in a glass container through the gas inlet system. Electrostatic ion optics lenses extract and guide all produced anions from the interaction region towards a quadrupole mass filter that only lets pass anions with a given mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). Selected anions are then

• et al. [10] was recorded with a quadrupole mass filter) one has to keep in mind possible mass-dependent transmissions; however, for iron pentacarbonyl, the strong dominance of Fe+ and FeCO+ is also visible in all of the older mass spectra (e.g., in the data recommended by NIST [35]). In this sense

Electrospun polysuccinimide scaffolds containing different salts as potential wound dressing material

• Veronika Pálos,
• Krisztina S. Nagy,
• Rita Pázmány,
• Krisztina Juriga-Tóth,
• Bálint Budavári,
• Judit Domokos,
• Dóra Szabó,
• Ákos Zsembery and
• Angela Jedlovszky-Hajdu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 781–796, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.65

• pellet was filtered and washed using a vacuum filter to remove the phosphoric acid catalyst and the unreacted ʟ-aspartic acid monomeric molecules. Then, the pellet was mixed in distilled water for 10 min. This step was repeated until the pH of the filtrate changed from acidic to neutral. Finally, the PSI

Functional fibrillar interfaces: Biological hair as inspiration across scales

• Guillermo J. Amador,
• Brett Klaassen van Oorschot,
• Caiying Liao,
• Jianing Wu and
• Da Wei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 664–677, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.55

• classifications. Future research linking form and function in microbial hairs may lead to a better understanding of their evolution, as well as providing inspiration for the development of functional fibrillar structures at the micrometer and nanometer scales. Filter feeding Locomotion is key for searching for

• food, and hairs may also serve crucial roles in feeding, particularly via filtering. Filter feeding uses a porous material to capture prey and nutrients in fluid flows. Dense arrays of hairs may serve as the porous material that captures the food, separating it from the surrounding flow or from other

• fibers, or baleen, in their mouths instead of teeth to filter and capture prey [117][118][119]. When feeding, the whales use three different strategies, depending on their species. Bowhead and right whales (Balaenidae) use ram filter feeding where they continuously swim through groups of prey with their

Stiffness calibration of qPlus sensors at low temperature through thermal noise measurements

• Laurent Nony,
• Sylvain Clair,
• Daniel Uehli,
• Aitziber Herrero,
• Jean-Marc Themlin,
• Andrea Campos,
• Franck Para,
• Alessandro Pioda and
• Christian Loppacher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 580–602, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.50

• a thermostat. The PSD of the stochastic thermal force giving rise to the fluctuations of the SHO is derived as well, which is used in the numerical simulations. Supporting Information File 4 discusses the relevance of a digital antialiasing filter on the measured thermal noise PSD. Stiffness

• this signal. An analog low-pass filter in the OC4 acts as an antialiasing filter before digital conversion by an ADC. It is implemented as a third-order overall Butterworth filter with a Sallen–Key topology and with a fixed cut-off frequency of 5 MHz, meaning that dampening is 60 dB per decade. There

• is no additional filter in the analog part, and there is no antialiasing filter in the digital domain. Before thermal noise measurements, the qPlus deflections are accurately calibrated into metric units with a custom-made script implemented in the Nanonis MIMEA control unit that performs the

Directed growth of quinacridone chains on the vicinal Ag(35 1 1) surface

• Niklas Humberg,
• Lukas Grönwoldt and
• Moritz Sokolowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 556–568, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.48

• SPIP [29], which included filtering out noise and an adjustment of the contrast. Additionally, to some images, a Prewitt or Roberts filter for edge enhancement was applied in order to enhance the visibility of the step edges. The structure models were drawn with the free software Graphics Layout Engine

• = 25 pA) of QA on the Ag(35 1 1) surface deposited at a sample temperature of 400 K. It shows an area with several step edges running vertically through the image, which are highlighted by the dashed black lines. (b) The same STM image as in panel (a) with a Prewitt filter for better visibility of the

Cholesterol nanoarchaeosomes for alendronate targeted delivery as an anti-endothelial dysfunction agent

• Horacio Emanuel Jerez,
• Yamila Roxana Simioni,
• Kajal Ghosal,
• Maria Jose Morilla and
• Eder Lilia Romero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 517–534, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.46

• 700g, and the first fraction of 250–300 μL was collected. The resultant nanovesicles were sterilized by passage through a 0.22 μm sterile filter and stored at 4 °C. ALN was quantified in the aqueous phase, while phospholipids were quantified in the chloroform phase after extraction of ALN using the

• plates by covering them with 10% formaldehyde in PBS for 15 min at room temperature (RT). After removing the fixing buffer carefully, cells were covered with fresh ORO working solution (6 mL of 5 mg/mL ORO in isopropanol stock solution) and 4 mL of distilled water filtered through a 3 μm pore size filter

Electron-induced deposition using Fe(CO)₄MA and Fe(CO)₅ – effect of MA ligand and process conditions

• Hannah Boeckers,
• Atul Chaudhary,
• Petra Martinović,
• Amy V. Walker,
• Lisa McElwee-White and
• Petra Swiderek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 500–516, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.45

Fabrication of nanocrystal forms of ᴅ-cycloserine and their application for transdermal and enteric drug delivery systems

• Hsuan-Ang Tsai,
• Tsai-Miao Shih,
• Theodore Tsai,
• Jhe-Wei Hu,
• Yi-An Lai,
• Jui-Fu Hsiao and
• Guochuan Emil Tsai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 465–474, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.42

• was slowly added into 20 mL of tert-butanol (Merck-Millipore) and mixed with an ultrasonic cleaner (Creworks Co., Ltd.) at 40 kHz for 1 min. The mixed solution was filtered by suction filtration using a 0.2 μm filter membrane (Merck KGaA). The filtered solution was centrifuged at 10,000 rpm (Kubota Co

• nanocrystals were scanned in continuous mode from 5–40° (2θ) with a step size of 0.02° on a spinning stage at 40 kV and 40 mA with Cu Kα radiation. The incident beam path was equipped with a 0.2 mm divergence slit and a 0.02 mm air scattering screen. The diffracted beam was equipped with Ni-filter. The

Comparative electron microscopy particle sizing of TiO₂ pigments: sample preparation and measurement

• Ralf Theissmann,
• Christopher Drury,
• Markus Rohe,
• Thomas Koch,
• Jochen Winkler and
• Petr Pikal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 317–332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.29

• implemented definition. The new software package does not support the previously used watershed transform; instead, a morphological shape separator must be used. The better image quality allows one to reduce the size of the rank filter for noise reduction from five to two pixels. The differences are

Ion beam processing of DNA origami nanostructures

• Leo Sala,
• Agnes Zerolová,
• Violaine Vizcaino,
• Alain Mery,
• Alicja Domaracka,
• Hermann Rothard,
• Philippe Boduch,
• Dominik Pinkas and
• Jaroslav Kocišek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 207–214, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.20

• for about 2 h. Afterwards, 100 μL of the synthesis mixture was filtered through 100 kDa MWCO Amicon centrifugal filter units to remove excess staple strands. This was done three times, each time adding 400 μL of FOB, at a relative centrifugal force of 4000g for 4 min. The filters were then flipped and

New application of bimetallic Ag/Pt nanoplates in a colorimetric biosensor for specific detection of E. coli in water

• Azam Bagheri Pebdeni,
• Mohammad N. AL-Baiati and
• Morteza Hosseini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 95–103, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.9

• incubation time. The peroxidase-like activity of the aptasensor was ultimately demonstrated in the presence of TMB and H2O2. Paper-based device Whatman filter paper No. 1 is considered as an appropriate paper for paper-based analysis. A PVC sheet was affixed to the back of each paper to prevent solution