Zeolite materials with Ni and Co: synthesis and catalytic potential in the selective hydrogenation of citral

• Inocente Rodríguez-Iznaga,
• Yailen Costa Marrero,
• Tania Farias Piñeira,
• Céline Fontaine,
• Lexane Paget,
• Beatriz Concepción Rosabal,
• Arbelio Penton Madrigal,
• Vitalii Petranovskii and
• Gwendoline Lafaye

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 520–529, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.40

• calcium cations leaving the zeolite, as proven by XRD. In line with expectations for a natural zeolite, the studied materials exhibited hybrid type-I/IV adsorption isotherms (see Figure S2 in Supporting Information File 1), indicating the presence of both microporous and mesoporous structures. The

• isotherms showed a hysteresis loop, which is associated with capillary condensation within the materials’ pores and is expected to be more pronounced in HEU than in Mor. This can be attributed to the smaller channel diameter of HEU (maximum opening of 0.31 × 0.75 nm2) compared to Mor (maximum opening of

A review of metal-organic frameworks and polymers in mixed matrix membranes for CO₂ capture

• Charlotte Skjold Qvist Christensen,
• Nicholas Hansen,
• Mahboubeh Motadayen,
• Nina Lock,
• Martin Lahn Henriksen and
• Jonathan Quinson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 155–186, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.14

• BET theory is applied to adsorption isotherms measured for the membrane with an inert gas such as nitrogen [149]. The method remains a standard within MOF-based MMMs for determining surface area, pore size, and pore distribution. A less commonly used but highly potent technique is positron

TiO₂ immobilized on 2D mordenite: effect of hydrolysis conditions on structural, textural, and optical characteristics of the nanocomposites

• Marina G. Shelyapina,
• Rosario Isidro Yocupicio-Gaxiola,
• Gleb A. Valkovsky and
• Vitalii Petranovskii

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 128–140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.12

• . Nitrogen sorption and thermogravimetric studies Figure 5a,b shows the N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms of the studied nanocomposites. They demonstrate features characteristic of hierarchical porous structures possessing both micro- and mesoporosity. At low pressure, there is a sharp gas absorption

• were probed by SEM-EDX using a Zeiss Merlin microscope equipped with an Oxford Instruments INCAx-act EDX console. N2 sorption isotherms were recorded at 77 K using a QuadraSorb SI instrument. Before analysis, samples were outgassed under vacuum for 6 h at 300 °C. The surface areas were estimated within

• -loaded samples. The Al 2p and O 1s XPS spectra of the MOR-L compound are given for comparison. The inset in (a) shows the decomposition of the Al 2p spectrum for Ti-W24h-C. (a, b) Nitrogen adsorption isotherms at 77 K, (c, d) pore size distribution and pore volume in calcined nanocomposites Ti-WNh-C (a

Electrochemical nanostructured CuBTC/FeBTC MOF composite sensor for enrofloxacin detection

• Thi Kim Ngan Nguyen,
• Tien Dat Doan,
• Huy Hieu Luu,
• Hoang Anh Nguyen,
• Thi Thu Ha Vu,
• Quang Hai Tran,
• Ha Tran Nguyen,
• Thanh Binh Dang,
• Thi Hai Yen Pham and
• Mai Ha Hoang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1522–1535, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.120

• simultaneous presence of FeBTC and CuBTC phases in the (Cu)(Fe)BTC sample indicates the successful synthesis of (Cu)(Fe)BTC composite. The N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms of the (Cu)(Fe)BTC sample are of type I with H4 hysteresis ring according to IUPAC classification (Figure 1b) [35]. The N2 adsorption

• room temperature (25 ± 1 °C). (a) XRD pattern and (b) N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms of the (Cu)(Fe)BTC sample. Full-scan (a) and high-resolution C 1s (b), O 1s (c), Fe 2p (d), and Cu 2p (e) XPS spectra of the (Cu)(Fe)BTC sample. TEM image of (Cu)(Fe)BTC sample. SEM images of (Cu)(Fe)BTC@CPE (a

Mn-doped ZnO nanopowders prepared by sol–gel and microwave-assisted sol–gel methods and their photocatalytic properties

• Cristina Maria Vlăduț,
• Crina Anastasescu,
• Silviu Preda,
• Oana Catalina Mocioiu,
• Simona Petrescu,
• Jeanina Pandele-Cusu,
• Dana Culita,
• Veronica Bratan,
• Ioan Balint and
• Maria Zaharescu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1283–1296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.104

• explained by the influence of the microwave irradiation, which is known to create materials with fewer defects [49]. Porosimetry The nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms and pore size distributions are presented in Figure 7. The adsorption and desorption branches for both samples appear to be almost

• step width of 0.02°. The phase identification was performed using the search/match algorithm connected to (ICDD PDF-2). Nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms (BET) at 77 K were recorded on a Micromeritics ASAP 2020 analyzer (Norcross, GA, USA). The samples were degassed at 200 °C for 4 h under

• of the thermally treated samples (SG and MW). XRD patterns of SG and MW powders, thermally treated at 500 °C, over (a) the full 2θ range and (b) a selected 2θ range for intensity comparison. N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms and pore size distributions (inset of the figures) for the investigated

Facile synthesis of Fe-based metal–organic frameworks from Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles and their application for CO₂/N₂ separation

• Van Nhieu Le,
• Hoai Duc Tran,
• Minh Tien Nguyen,
• Hai Bang Truong,
• Toan Minh Pham and
• Jinsoo Kim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 897–908, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.74

• (XPS). Subsequently, the gas separation performance of the as-prepared MIL-100(Fe) samples was assessed by studies regarding CO2 and N2 adsorption isotherms at various temperatures with pressures up to 1 bar. Experimental Materials Iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3, 96%) and benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid

• of Fe and O in the materials were examined using a K-Alpha photoelectron spectrometer (ThermoFisher Scientific, USA). The isotherms for N2 adsorption and desorption at 77 K over the materials were measured using a BELSORP-max apparatus (BEL, Japan). This allowed for calculating the surface area

• synthesis of MIL-100(Fe) from Fe2O3 nanoparticles; the proportion of MIL-100(Fe) in the final material depends on the quantity of H3BTC introduced into the reaction system. The textural properties of all materials were determined through analysis of N2 adsorption and desorption isotherms. Figure 5a

Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light by cobalt ferrite nanoparticles/graphene quantum dots

• Vo Chau Ngoc Anh,
• Le Thi Thanh Nhi,
• Le Thi Kim Dung,
• Dang Thi Ngoc Hoa,
• Nguyen Truong Son,
• Nguyen Thi Thao Uyen,
• Nguyen Ngoc Uyen Thu,
• Le Van Thanh Son,
• Le Trung Hieu,
• Tran Ngoc Tuyen and
• Dinh Quang Khieu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 475–489, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.43

• electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, vibrating-sample magnetometry, and nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms. Cobalt ferrite crystals of around 8–10 nm and

• infrared (FTIR) spectra were recorded on a IR-Prestige-21 (Shimadzu). Raman spectra were recorded on an Xplora Plus instrument (Horiba, Japan) in a frequency range from 200 to 2000 cm−1 and with an excitation wavelength of 785 nm. The nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms were recorded by using a

• and the easy movement of the domain walls can result in a decrease in coercivity. The reduced particle size leads to reduced coercivity, which could be expressed as a transformation from a ferrimagnetic to a superparamagnetic state [15]. Figure 6d presents the nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms

Upscaling the urea method synthesis of CoAl layered double hydroxides

• Camilo Jaramillo-Hernández,
• Víctor Oestreicher,
• Martín Mizrahi and
• Gonzalo Abellán

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 927–938, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.76

• CoAl-LDH synthesis method. We thoroughly study the effects of the mass scale-up (25-fold: up to 375 mM) and the volumetric scale-up (20-fold: up to 2 L). For this, we use a combination of several structural (XRD, TGA, and N2 and CO2 isotherms), microscopic (SEM, TEM, and AFM), magnetic (SQUID), and

• ). Finally, textural properties were also evaluated by N2 and CO2 adsorption–desorption isotherms to observe possible changes in the surface area of the samples. Figure 5C shows the N2 isotherms at 77 K. The samples present type-IV adsorption isotherms (according to IUPAC classification) with an H3

• characterization of CoAl-based LDH samples through (left) SEM and (center) TEM, and (right) the respective average size histograms. AFM images of the samples (A) x1 and (B) x20V. (C) Adsorption isotherms of samples x1 and x20V. Right: Schematic representation of volumetric and mass scale-up approaches. Left: LDH

A novel approach to pulsed laser deposition of platinum catalyst on carbon particles for use in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

• Bogusław Budner,
• Wojciech Tokarz,
• Sławomir Dyjak,
• Andrzej Czerwiński,
• Bartosz Bartosewicz and
• Bartłomiej Jankiewicz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 190–204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.19

• mesoporosity, i.e., a wider hysteresis loop and a higher isotherm with p/p0 values approaching 1. Both isotherms (i.e., of XC-72R and C-11) can be classified as type II (according to IUPAC classification [39]) but with H3-type hysteresis loops. A sharp increase of N2 adsorption capacity at p/p0 values

• approaching 1.0 is typical for particulate materials with extensive interparticle porosity and indicates the presence of large aggregates of particles. Such isotherms are typical for carbon black. As elucidated by Holdcroft et al. [40], the primary particles of carbon black materials coalesce into few-hundred

• calculated from the N2 adsorption isotherms, considering the IUPAC recommendations [39]. The total pore volume (V0.99) was estimated from the N2 volume adsorbed at a relative pressure (p/p0) of approx. 0.99. The volume of micropores (Vmi) was estimated using the Dubinin–Radushkevich (DR) model. The

Spindle-like MIL101(Fe) decorated with Bi₂O₃ nanoparticles for enhanced degradation of chlortetracycline under visible-light irradiation

• Chen-chen Hao,
• Fang-yan Chen,
• Kun Bian,
• Yu-bin Tang and
• Wei-long Shi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1038–1050, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.91

• -DLD, England). The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area and pore size were determined using N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms (Microfor TriStar II Plus 2.02 system, USA). The UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV–vis DRS) were recorded by UV–vis spectrophotometry (FTS-165, PerkinElmer, USA

Hierarchical Bi₂WO₆/TiO₂-nanotube composites derived from natural cellulose for visible-light photocatalytic treatment of pollutants

• Zehao Lin,
• Zhan Yang and
• Jianguo Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 745–762, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.66

• using a reference to the peak of the surface adventitious carbon (284.8 eV) in the high-resolution spectrum of the C 1s region. The N2 adsorption−desorption isotherms were recorded at −196 °C on a Micromeritics ASAP 2020 analyzer, while the specific surface area and pore distribution curve were

• , HR-TEM, and SAED characterizations. As shown in Figure 6a, based on the definition of IUPAC, the N2 adsorption−desorption isotherms of the 70%−Bi2WO6/TiO2-NT nanocomposite represent the type IV adsorption isotherm and the H3 type hysteresis in the range of 0.6 to 1.0 of the relative pressure (P/P0

Nanoarchitectonics of the cathode to improve the reversibility of Li–O₂ batteries

• Hien Thi Thu Pham,
• Jonghyeok Yun,
• So Yeun Kim,
• Sang A Han,
• Jung Ho Kim,
• Jong-Won Lee and
• Min-Sik Park

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 689–698, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.61

• /CNT composites were characterized by N2 isotherms, as presented in Figure 5b. The specific surface areas and total pore volumes of ZnxCoy–C/CNT composites were calculated by using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) model. Note that the pore structure of the ZnxCoy–C/CNT composites is highly dependent on

• insets in the bottom row are the corresponding selected area diffraction (SAED) patterns. XPS spectra of ZnxCoy–C/CNT composites: (a) Co 2p and (b) Zn 2p. (a) Electrical conductivity, (b) N2 sorption isotherms, (c) Dollimore–Heal desorption pore size distributions, and (d) TGA curves of ZnxCoy–C/CNT

Boosting of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution via chlorine doping of polymeric carbon nitride

• Malgorzata Aleksandrzak,
• Michalina Kijaczko,
• Wojciech Kukulka,
• Daria Baranowska,
• Martyna Baca,
• Beata Zielinska and
• Ewa Mijowska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 473–484, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.38

• 84.77% to 87.23%. The schematic representation of the as-synthesized material structure is shown in Figure 5. The porosity of polymeric carbon nitride and PCN doped with chlorine was tested by the N2 adsorption–desorption experiment. The typical IV isotherms with H3 hysteresis loops are observed in the

• of chlorine-doped polymeric carbon nitride. (a) Adsorption–desorption isotherms and (b) density functional theory (DFT) applied to the adsorption isotherms to obtain pore–size distributions of PCN and Cl-PCN. H2 evolution rate catalyzed by PCN and Cl-PCN. (a) DRS spectra, (b) PL emission spectra, (c

Unravelling the interfacial interaction in mesoporous SiO₂@nickel phyllosilicate/TiO₂ core–shell nanostructures for photocatalytic activity

• Bridget K. Mutuma,
• Xiluva Mathebula,
• Isaac Nongwe,
• Bonakele P. Mtolo,
• Boitumelo J. Matsoso,
• Rudolph Erasmus,
• Zikhona Tetana and
• Neil J. Coville

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1834–1846, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.165

• silica in mSiO2@NiPS/TiO2 (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S3). The textural properties of the core–shell nanostructures were evaluated using N2 physisorption analysis. Figure 2a shows that the nitrogen gas adsorption–desorption isotherms of mSiO2 and the mSiO2@NiPS core–shell nanostructure are of

• operating at 120 kV) and scanning electron microscopy (FEI Nova Nanolab 600 FIB/SEM). The N2 adsorption and desorption isotherms of the samples were recorded using a Micromeritics Tristar 3000 instrument at 77 K. Before running the experiment, the samples were degassed at 150 °C for 12 h in N2 gas. The

• /TiO2. (a) N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms and (b) pore size distribution of mSiO2, mSiO2@NiPS and mSiO2@NiPS/TiO2. Indirect bandgap transition and diffuse reflectance UV–vis spectra (inset) of (a) mSiO2@NiPS and (b) mSiO2@NiPs/TiO2. XPS spectrum of mSiO2@NiPS and mSiO2@NiPS/TiO2: (a) Ni 2p, (b) Si

Structure and electrochemical performance of electrospun-ordered porous carbon/graphene composite nanofibers

• Yi Wang,
• Yanhua Song,
• Chengwei Ye and
• Lan Xu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1280–1290, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.112

• (National Institute of Mental Health, USA). The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) specific surface area and porosity of the CCGNFs were determined by using a surface area analyzer (Micromeritics, ASAP 2020, USA) at 77 K, taking into consideration the N2 adsorption and desorption isotherms. X-ray diffraction (XRD

• composite, which was also a consequence of the increase in the amount of graphite in the composite. Nitrogen sorption analysis The pore structure characteristics and specific surface area of CGCNFs were determined by N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms at 77 K. Nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms and

• their corresponding pore-size distribution (PSD) curves were obtained by using Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) analysis, as illustrated in Figure 4. The adsorption isotherms of DCGCNFs, OCGCNFs, and OPCGCNFs in Figure 4a showed a typical type IV behavior. There was a visible hysteresis loop between the

Gas sorption porosimetry for the evaluation of hard carbons as anodes for Li- and Na-ion batteries

• Yuko Matsukawa,
• Fabian Linsenmann,
• Maximilian A. Plass,
• George Hasegawa,
• Katsuro Hayashi and
• Tim-Patrick Fellinger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1217–1229, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.106

• therefore performed and the resulting isotherms, pore size distributions, and cumulative pore volumes for CO2 and H2O are shown in Figure 2. The CO2 isotherms for the HT samples show relatively high CO2 sorption capacities with similar isotherm shapes (characteristic Langmuir isotherms). The CO2 uptake

• smaller characteristic pore diameters than the other HT samples. Again, this observation is not an artefact of the pore size calculation, but can also be clearly observed in the isotherms by the shift in the H2O uptake to lower relative pressure values for these samples. A possible explanation could

• before measurement. Nitrogen (N2) and krypton (Kr) sorption measurements were carried out at 77.4 K (−196.75 °C). Unfortunately, the adsorption measurements of N2 on the HT samples could not reach equilibrium and it was therefore not possible to obtain reliable isotherms. This might be due to the large

Plant growth regulation by seed coating with films of alginate and auxin-intercalated layered double hydroxides

• Vander A. de Castro,
• Valber G. O. Duarte,
• Danúbia A. C. Nobre,
• Geraldo H. Silva,
• Vera R. L. Constantino,
• Frederico G. Pinto,
• Willian R. Macedo and
• Jairo Tronto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1082–1091, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.93

• compositions used to prepare these materials. These analyses are important to evaluate the release properties. The nitrogen adsorption and desorption isotherms for ZnAl-NAA-LDH presented in Figure 3, yielding values of specific surface area, volume, and average pore diameter of 30.0 mg2·g−1, 0.175 cm3·g−1, and

• determined by measuring adsorption/desorption isotherms of N2 at −196 °C, using a surface area analyzer Micromeritics Model ASAP 2020n. The samples were heated at 80 °C for 48 h under reduced pressure before adsorption measurements. The specific surface area was determined by the BET method. Statistical

• Tukey test with 5.0% significance. XRD patterns of (a) NAA and (b) ZnAl-NAA-LDH. (a) TG-DSC curves and (b) TG-MS curves of ZnAl-NAA-LDH. Nitrogen adsorption and desorption isotherms for ZnAl-NAA-LDH. Representative SEM images of (a) NAA (3000× magnification), (b) NAA (10000× magnification), (c) ZnAl-NAA

Nickel nanoparticles supported on a covalent triazine framework as electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction and oxygen reduction reactions

• Secil Öztürk,
• Yu-Xuan Xiao,
• Dennis Dietrich,
• Beatriz Giesen,
• Juri Barthel,
• Jie Ying,
• Xiao-Yu Yang and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 770–781, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.62

• Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, whereas CTF-1-600 showed a mixture of type-I and type-IV isotherms (H2-type hysteresis) with a BET surface area of 1796 m2/g (Figure S2, Supporting Information File 1). The total pore volume (at p/p0 = 0.95) increased from 0.45 cm3/g for CTF-1-400 to 1.06 cm3/g

• isotherms were collected to obtain information about the porosity and the BET surface area of the materials. As shown in Figure 4, the BET surface area decreases as the nickel loading increases for each CTF-1-400 and CTF-1-600 support. Ni/CTF-1-400-20 exhibits a BET surface area of 486 m2/g whereas Ni/CTF-1

• , (c) Ni/CTF-1-600-22 and (d) Ni/CTF-1-600-33. Ni atoms are depicted in red. Nitrogen adsorption and desorption isotherms (at 77 K) of Ni/CTF-1 composites. XPS measurements of Ni/CTF-1-600-22 with deconvoluted Ni 2p (left) (Sat. = satellite) and N 1s spectra (right). (a) OER polarization curves of

Adsorptive removal of bulky dye molecules from water with mesoporous polyaniline-derived carbon

• Hyung Jun An,
• Jong Min Park,
• Nazmul Abedin Khan and
• Sung Hwa Jhung

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 597–605, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.47

• adsorption time and the type of adsorbate or dye. In order to determine the maximum adsorption capacity of KOH-900 and AC for AR1, adsorption isotherms were obtained from adsorption for 6 h with a wide range of AR1 concentrations. The adsorption isotherms and Langmuir plots are illustrated in Figure 6a and

• Information File 1. In order to understand the adsorption mechanism, the solution pH for AR1 and JGB was controlled (up to 2–12) with aqueous solution of NaOH or HCl (0.1 M each). (a) N2 adsorption isotherms and (b) pore size distribution of PDC materials and activated carbon (AC) . Amount of adsorbed (a) H2O

• ), methyl orange (MO), methylene blue (MB) and Janus green B (JGB) over AC and KOH-900. Effect of contact time on (a) AR1 and (b) JGB adsorption over AC and KOH-900. (a) Adsorption isotherms and (b) Langmuir plots for the adsorption of AR1 from water over AC and KOH-900. Effect of pH on the adsorbed amounts

Electrochemically derived functionalized graphene for bulk production of hydrogen peroxide

• Munaiah Yeddala,
• Pallavi Thakur,
• Anugraha A and
• Tharangattu N. Narayanan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 432–442, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.34

• also influence the catalytic property of the materials since these EEG samples are derived from bulk graphite using a single-step exfoliation in different electrolytes. The BET isotherms of the EEG samples are shown in Figure 1b. The shape of the nitrogen adsorption and desorption curves displays a

• lab 2000) and FTIR spectroscopy were used to unravel the nature and degree of functionalization along with the change in morphology of these samples. The surface area of the samples was analyzed using Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) adsorption isotherms from a Quantachrome Nova 1200e surface area

• collected and used for the quantification of the H2O2. The details of the quantification are given in Supporting Information File 1. (a) High resolution O 1s XPS spectra of different EEG samples. (b) BET isotherms of different EEG samples. The CV profiles of different EEG samples in (a) acidic (0.5 M H2SO4

Synthesis and enhanced photocatalytic performance of 0D/2D CuO/tourmaline composite photocatalysts

• Changqiang Yu,
• Min Wen,
• Zhen Tong,
• Shuhua Li,
• Yanhong Yin,
• Xianbin Liu,
• Yesheng Li,
• Tongxiang Liang,
• Ziping Wu and
• Dionysios D. Dionysiou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 407–416, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.31

• photocatalysts was analyzed by their nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms. As shown in Figure 4a, CuO, tourmaline, and CuO/tourmaline composite exhibited type-IV adsorption isotherms, which are characteristic of mesoporous materials. As shown in Table 1, the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) specific surface area

• ) CuO/tourmaline composite. TEM images of (d) tourmaline, (e) CuO, and (f) CuO/tourmaline composite, where the insets show the corresponding high-resolution TEM images. (g) EDX element mapping images of Cu, Al, and Si for the CuO/tourmaline composite. (a) Nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms and (b

An advanced structural characterization of templated meso-macroporous carbon monoliths by small- and wide-angle scattering techniques

• Felix M. Badaczewski,
• Marc O. Loeh,
• Torben Pfaff,
• Dirk Wallacher,
• Daniel Clemens and
• Bernd M. Smarsly

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 310–322, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.23

• , thus removing smaller mesopores and leaving behind larger mesopores. Also, the mesopore size distributions of the carbon monoliths at 800 °C are very narrow, which indicates that the SiO2 walls separating the mesopores exhibit a quite uniform thickness. Figure 3 shows Ar sorption isotherms (87 K) and

• the resulting pore size distributions and cumulative pore volumes. All samples show type-IVa isotherms indicating a defined mesopore space [57]. The two replicas carbonized at 800 °C show a narrow mesopore size distribution at around 13 nm (Pitch-800) and 9 nm (Resin-800), and BET surface areas larger

• ) monoliths carbonized at 3000 °C. Mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) data of the pristine meso-macroporous SiO2 monolith (top) and the templated carbon materials, treated at 800 and 3000 °C. Argon isotherms at 87 K (A), pore-size distributions of the silica template (grey) and the templated carbon materials

High-performance asymmetric supercapacitor made of NiMoO₄ nanorods@Co₃O₄ on a cellulose-based carbon aerogel

• Meixia Wang,
• Jing Zhang,
• Xibin Yi,
• Benxue Liu,
• Xinfu Zhao and
• Xiaochan Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 240–251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.18

• [40]. The XPS results further indicate that the NiMoO4@Co3O4/CA sample contains C, Co, Ni, Mo and O atoms. The N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms and the pore size distribution curves of the CA, NiMoO4/CA and NiMoO4@Co3O4/CA samples are shown in Figure 5. Both the CA and the NiMoO4/CA samples exhibit

• sample is characterized by a combination of type–IV and type–I isotherms, indicating the presence of micro- and mesopores with monolayer–multilayer adsorption. Furthermore, two distinct pore distribution curves are observed in the inset of Figure 5c revealing a hierarchical porosity: micro/mesopores

• (b) C 1s, (c) Co 2p, (d) Ni 2p, (e) Mo 3d and (f) O 1s. Nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms and pore size distribution curves of (a) CA, (b) NiMoO4/CA (b), and (c) NiMoO4@Co3O4/CA composite. (a) Cyclic voltammetry (CV) curves at scan rates of 2.5–50 mV/s and (b) galvanostatic charge/discharge

Synthesis of amorphous and graphitized porous nitrogen-doped carbon spheres as oxygen reduction reaction catalysts

• Maximilian Wassner,
• Markus Eckardt,
• Andreas Reyer,
• Thomas Diemant,
• Michael S. Elsaesser,
• R. Jürgen Behm and
• Nicola Hüsing

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1–15, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.1

• -NCS-850 and g-NCS-1000 the G band shifts back to 1586 cm−1 and 1581 cm−1, respectively. The NCS samples are highly microporous, which is indicated by the measured type-I N2 sorption isotherms (Figure 7), combined with a low external surface area compared to the specific surface area (Table 4). The

• counterparts regarding porosity and surface areas. With the onset of graphitization, however, the g-NCS-850 and g-NCS-1000 samples develop a distinct mesoporosity (type-IV isotherms and a H2 hysteresis loop, Figure 7), concomitant with a loss of microporosity of about 66%. The formation of mesopores can be

• , NCS-850, NCS-700 and NCS-550 are reprinted with permission from [27], copyright 2019 Elsevier. Raman spectra of the NCS and g-NCS catalysts (the x-axis represents the Raman shift relative to the excitation laser wavelength given in cm−1). N2 sorption isotherms of the (a) NCS and (b) g-NCS catalyst

Design and facile synthesis of defect-rich C-MoS₂/rGO nanosheets for enhanced lithium–sulfur battery performance

• Chengxiang Tian,
• Juwei Wu,
• Zheng Ma,
• Bo Li,
• Pengcheng Li,
• Xiaotao Zu and
• Xia Xiang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2251–2260, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.217

• are almost completely removed during the hydrothermal synthesis and annealing process [41]. Full nitrogen sorption isotherms of the composites were measured to obtain the specific surface area and the pore size distribution. A type-IV isotherm with a type-H3 hysteresis loop in the relative pressure

• spectra and high-resolution XPS spectra of (d) Mo 3d and (e) S 3d of pristine MoS2, C-MoS2/rGO and C-MoS2/rGO-6 composites, and (f) high-resolution XPS spectra of C 1s C-MoS2/rGO and C-MoS2/rGO-6 composites, respectively. (a) N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms and (b) corresponding pore size distributions