Effect of additives on the synthesis efficiency of nanoparticles by laser-induced reduction

• Rikuto Kuroda,
• Takahiro Nakamura,
• Hideki Ina and
• Shuhei Shibata

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 464–472, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.35

• .), and YCl3·6H2O (>99.9%, FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Co.) were used as precursor salts without any purification. 2-Propanol (IPA, >99.7%, FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Co.), ethanol (>99.5%, FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Co.), and glycerol (>99.5%, FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Co.) were used as scavengers

Quantification of lead through rod-shaped silver-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles using an electrochemical approach

• Ravinder Lamba,
• Gaurav Bhanjana,
• Neeraj Dilbaghi,
• Vivek Gupta and
• Sandeep Kumar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 422–434, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.33

• -Aldrich and used as such without any additional purification steps. Firstly, a 2 mL aqueous solution of silver nitrate (AgNO3) (0.1 M) and a 100 mL aqueous solution of zinc nitrate hexahydrate (Zn (NO3)2·6H2O) (0.1 M) were simultaneously prepared. After that, the silver nitrate solution was mixed with the

Engineered PEG–PCL nanoparticles enable sensitive and selective detection of sodium dodecyl sulfate: a qualitative and quantitative analysis

• Soni Prajapati and
• Ranjana Singh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 385–396, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.29

• as silicon oil (Cat. No. 015067), were obtained from CDH Fine Chemicals (India). All chemicals were used as received without further purification. Prior to experimentation, all glassware was cleaned with aqua regia (HCl:HNO3, 3:1 v/v) and thoroughly rinsed with double-distilled water. Methodology

Pulsed laser in liquid grafting of gold nanoparticle–carbon support composites

• Madeleine K. Wilsey,
• Teona Taseska,
• Qishen Lyu,
• Connor P. Cox and
• Astrid M. Müller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 349–361, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.26

• must be integrated with macroscopic supports to function as electrodes. A major obstacle in contemporary manufacturing of nanoparticle–support composites is their laborious inefficient multistep preparation, involving chemical synthesis, heating, cooling, collection, purification, distribution, and

• resistivity of ≥17.5 MΩ·cm was obtained from a Thermo Scientific Barnstead Smart2Pure Pro UV/UF 15 LPH Water Purification System. The experiments were performed at room temperature and in ambient air. Glassware was cleaned with aqua regia, thoroughly rinsed with water, and dried before use. Data analysis and

Enhancing mechanical properties of chitosan/PVA electrospun nanofibers: a comprehensive review

• Nur Areisman Mohd Salleh,
• Amalina Muhammad Afifi,
• Fathiah Mohamed Zuki and
• Hanna Sofia SalehHudin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 286–307, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.22

• materials, are designed to enhance the functionality and properties of the fibers, thereby broadening their applications in areas such as antibacterial treatments, water purification, and biomedical engineering [75][76][77]. Fabrication of multicomponent polymer nanofibers like chitosan/PVA can be carried

Emerging strategies in the sustainable removal of antibiotics using semiconductor-based photocatalysts

• Yunus Ahmed,
• Keya Rani Dutta,
• Parul Akhtar,
• Md. Arif Hossen,
• Md. Jahangir Alam,
• Obaid A. Alharbi,
• Hamad AlMohamadi and
• Abdul Wahab Mohammad

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 264–285, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.21

• of heterostructures, it can enhance the photocatalytic efficiency for various applications, including water purification. GO-based photocatalysts can facilitate this process by generating electron–hole pairs upon absorption of photons. Recently, Kumar et al. [64] fabricated a K,P-co-doped g-C3N4

Probing the potential of rare earth elements in the development of new anticancer drugs: single molecule studies

• Josiane A. D. Batista,
• Rayane M. de Oliveira,
• Carlos H. M. Lima,
• Milton L. Lana Júnior,
• Virgílio C. dos Anjos,
• Maria J. V. Bell and
• Márcio S. Rocha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 187–194, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.15

• purification. Concentrate rare earth stock solutions (≈1 mM) were prepared by dissolving each oxide in deionized water, slowly adding a small quantity of HCl since these oxides are insoluble in water. From these stocks, less concentrated solutions were prepared at various rare earth concentrations by diluting

A review of metal-organic frameworks and polymers in mixed matrix membranes for CO₂ capture

• Charlotte Skjold Qvist Christensen,
• Nicholas Hansen,
• Mahboubeh Motadayen,
• Nina Lock,
• Martin Lahn Henriksen and
• Jonathan Quinson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 155–186, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.14

• much attention [3][4]. Considerable research has been dedicated to enhancing the efficiency of CO2 capture technologies for large-scale applications, particularly in natural gas purification and post-combustion processes [5]. Various technologies are currently under investigation for the capture of CO2

A nanocarrier containing carboxylic and histamine groups with dual action: acetylcholine hydrolysis and antidote atropine delivery

• Elina E. Mansurova,
• Andrey A. Maslennikov,
• Anna P. Lyubina,
• Alexandra D. Voloshina,
• Irek R. Nizameev,
• Marsil K. Kadirov,
• Anzhela A. Mikhailova,
• Polina V. Mikshina,
• Albina Y. Ziganshina and
• Igor S. Antipin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 11–24, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.2

• synthesized, similar to Fl@p(Hist-CA), using 10 mg (25.8 µmol) of atropine sulfate. The resulting Atr@p(Hist-CA) solution underwent purification through a single 1.5 h dialysis process using a 12000 Da dialysis bag. The dialysate was then evaporated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in 650 μL

Attempts to preserve and visualize protein corona on the surface of biological nanoparticles in blood serum using photomodification

• Julia E. Poletaeva,
• Anastasiya V. Tupitsyna,
• Alina E. Grigor’eva,
• Ilya S. Dovydenko and
• Elena I. Ryabchikova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1654–1666, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.130

• -grained material (Figure 5k–n). The samples of the 50% sucrose fraction were virtually free of serum components; however, they were not suitable for TEM because of the small content of bio-NPs and the abundance of sucrose clusters. The obtained results showed that purification using a sucrose gradient

• the emergence of chylomicrons with the ability to repel serum components. The gradient purification conditions we used were quite harsh (18 h of UC in 30% sucrose), and we set up another experiment, namely, the purification of intact and photomodified FBS and NBS samples on a sucrose cushion (30

• % sucrose, 90 min UC). The use of the sucrose cushion purification [35] made it possible to obtain samples with a high content of bio-NPs of all types, including chylomicrons, from intact FBS and NBS (Figure 7a–i). The EVs, LPs, and chylomicrons had a typical appearance, and their surface (except for the

Facile synthesis of size-tunable L-carnosine-capped silver nanoparticles and their role in metal ion sensing and catalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol

• Akash Kumar,
• Ridhima Chadha,
• Abhishek Das,
• Nandita Maiti and
• Rayavarapu Raja Gopal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1576–1592, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.124

• purification. Before the experiment, glassware was cleaned with aqua regia and rinsed twice with double distilled (DD) water. Methods Tunable plasmonic silver nanoparticle synthesis using ʟ-carnosine Silver nanoparticles with tunable plasmon wavelength were synthesized using a wet-chemical reduction approach

Electrochemical nanostructured CuBTC/FeBTC MOF composite sensor for enrofloxacin detection

• Thi Kim Ngan Nguyen,
• Tien Dat Doan,
• Huy Hieu Luu,
• Hoang Anh Nguyen,
• Thi Thu Ha Vu,
• Quang Hai Tran,
• Ha Tran Nguyen,
• Thanh Binh Dang,
• Thi Hai Yen Pham and
• Mai Ha Hoang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1522–1535, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.120

• %), and HCl (37%) were bought from Fisher and Sigma-Aldrich. All chemicals and reagents were of analytical grade and used without further purification. K3[Fe(CN)6] (≥99.5%) and K4[Fe(CN)6] (≥99.5%) were purchased from China. Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was prepared by mixing 0.2 M KH2PO4 and 0.2 M

Ion-induced surface reactions and deposition from Pt(CO)₂Cl₂ and Pt(CO)₂Br₂

• Mohammed K. Abdel-Rahman,
• Patrick M. Eckhert,
• Atul Chaudhary,
• Johnathon M. Johnson,
• Jo-Chi Yu,
• Lisa McElwee-White and
• D. Howard Fairbrother

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1427–1439, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.115

• -dichloroethane (DCE, C2H4Cl2), toluene, and n-heptane) were purified using an MBraun MB-SP solvent purification system and stored over 3 Å molecular sieves before use. All reagents were purchased from Millipore Sigma and used without further purification. Carbon monoxide (CP grade), and 13C carbon monoxide were

Nanoarchitectonics with cetrimonium bromide on metal nanoparticles for linker-free detection of toxic metal ions and catalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol

• Akash Kumar and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1312–1332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.106

• purchased from CDH Fine Chemicals, India. The chemicals obtained were used without further purification. All glassware was cleaned with aqua regia and rinsed with double distilled (DD) water before use. Cetrimonium bromide as capping agent CTAB-AgNS (silver nanospheres) and CTAB-AuNS (gold nanospheres) were

Mn-doped ZnO nanopowders prepared by sol–gel and microwave-assisted sol–gel methods and their photocatalytic properties

• Cristina Maria Vlăduț,
• Crina Anastasescu,
• Silviu Preda,
• Oana Catalina Mocioiu,
• Simona Petrescu,
• Jeanina Pandele-Cusu,
• Dana Culita,
• Veronica Bratan,
• Ioan Balint and
• Maria Zaharescu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1283–1296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.104

• purification and pollutant remediation. Experimental Synthesis The starting materials (all reagent grade) for obtaining precursor solutions are zinc acetate dehydrate (Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O), anhydrous manganese acetate (Mn(CH3COO)2), absolute ethanol (C2H5OH), and triethanolamine (C6H15NO3, TEA). The precursor

Dual-functionalized architecture enables stable and tumor cell-specific SiO₂NPs in complex biological fluids

• Iris Renata Sousa Ribeiro,
• Raquel Frenedoso da Silva,
• Romênia Ramos Domingues,
• Adriana Franco Paes Leme and
• Mateus Borba Cardoso

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1238–1252, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.100

• -aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (99%) were purchased from Fisher Scientific. Ethanol (absolute) was purchased from Merck. All reagents and chemicals were used as received without further purification. Water used in the described procedures was obtained from a water purification system (Purelab from ELGA

• solution (without purification) was transferred to a flask kept in a bath at 80 °C. Then, 26.0 mg of ZW, previously solubilized in 2.0 mL of water, was added. The solution was stirred and heated for 4 h. Subsequently, the heating was removed and 0.98 µL of APTES was added. The reaction was stirred for 24 h

• . The purification process was carried out by successive washings by centrifugation, using ethanol and water. The addition of the tumor driver to the NPs was performed by activating the carboxyl groups of folic acid with the use of EDC, in the presence of NHS, and subsequent reaction with amine groups

Enhanced catalytic reduction through in situ synthesized gold nanoparticles embedded in glucosamine/alginate nanocomposites

• Chi-Hien Dang,
• Le-Kim-Thuy Nguyen,
• Minh-Trong Tran,
• Van-Dung Le,
• Nguyen Minh Ty,
• T. Ngoc Han Pham,
• Hieu Vu-Quang,
• Tran Thi Kim Chi,
• Tran Thi Huong Giang,
• Nguyen Thi Thanh Tu and
• Thanh-Danh Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1227–1237, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.99

• Materials The study utilized reagents and chemicals without additional purification. Glucosamine, gold(III) chloride, calcium acetate hydrate, sodium alginate, sodium tetrahydroborate, 2-nitrophenol, 4-nitrophenol, and methyl orange were procured from Acros Scientific (Belgium). Distilled water was used

Direct electron beam writing of silver using a β-diketonate precursor: first insights

• Katja Höflich,
• Krzysztof Maćkosz,
• Chinmai S. Jureddy,
• Aleksei Tsarapkin and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1117–1124, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.90

• obtained [34]. For planar deposits, similar microstructures were obtained during platinum deposition using Pt(η5-CpMe)Me3 [35] and ruthenium deposition using (EtCp)2Ru [36], both in combination with post-deposition purification employing electron beam irradiation in a water atmosphere. For the case of

Unveiling the potential of alginate-based nanomaterials in sensing technology and smart delivery applications

• Shakhzodjon Uzokboev,
• Khojimukhammad Akhmadbekov,
• Ra’no Nuritdinova,
• Salah M. Tawfik and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1077–1104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.88

• . Among the eleven common metal cations tested, Hg2+ cations entirely extinguished the fluorescence, whereas Cu2+ cations caused a noticeable drop in fluorescence intensity (Figure 4). Another research studied alginate-based materials for water purification. Because cellulose/alginate’s molecular chain

Interface properties of nanostructured carbon-coated biological implants: an overview

• Mattia Bartoli,
• Francesca Cardano,
• Erik Piatti,
• Stefania Lettieri,
• Andrea Fin and
• Alberto Tagliaferro

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1041–1053, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.85

• ., camphor and cyclohexanol) on various substrates, ranging from uncoated silicon to simple glass, to yield carpets of vertically aligned CNTs. Nevertheless, a purification stage for removing the catalyst is mandatory for avoiding side effects in biological environments [82][83]. The choice of the catalyst

Facile synthesis of Fe-based metal–organic frameworks from Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles and their application for CO₂/N₂ separation

• Van Nhieu Le,
• Hoai Duc Tran,
• Minh Tien Nguyen,
• Hai Bang Truong,
• Toan Minh Pham and
• Jinsoo Kim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 897–908, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.74

• should be noted that the observed BET surface area fluctuates between 1100 and 2100 m2·g−1, reflecting the quality of the obtained MIL-100(Fe); it depends on the iron precursors, synthetic pathways, and the purification procedure to eliminate unexpected components inside the pore system [20][24][25

• (H3BTC, 95%) were supplied from Sigma-Aldrich. Anhydrous ethanol (EtOH, 99.5%) was acquired from Daejung Chemicals (Korea). Deionized (DI) water was generated using the Aqua Max ultra 360 system from Young-Lin (Korea). No further purification was performed on the chemicals before use. Preparation of M

Water-assisted purification during electron beam-induced deposition of platinum and gold

• Cristiano Glessi,
• Fabian A. Polman and
• Cornelis W. Hagen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 884–896, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.73

• precursor MeCpPtMe3. As a water precursor MgSO4·7H2O was used. The purification during deposition led to a decrease of the carbon-to-gold ratio (in atom %) from 2.8 to 0.5 and a decrease of the carbon-to-platinum ratio (in atom %) from 6–7 to 0.2. The purification was done in a regular scanning electron

• microscope using commercially available components and chemicals, which paves the way for a broader application of direct etching-assisted FEBID to obtain pure metallic structures. Keywords: FEBID; gold; nanofabrication; platinum; purification; Introduction Focused electron beam-induced deposition (FEBID

• structures in applications such as nanoprobes and sensors [4][5][6], or for the fabrication of superconductors [7][8][9][10] and plasmonic devices [11][12][13]. A lower carbon content can be achieved by means of precursor design [14], variation of deposition conditions [15], or post-deposition purification

Electron-induced ligand loss from iron tetracarbonyl methyl acrylate

• Hlib Lyshchuk,
• Atul Chaudhary,
• Thomas F. M. Luxford,
• Miloš Ranković,
• Jaroslav Kočišek,
• Juraj Fedor,
• Lisa McElwee-White and
• Pamir Nag

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 797–807, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.66

• in an inert atmosphere of dinitrogen using either Schlenk or glovebox techniques. Glassware was flame-dried or oven-dried for at least 3 h before use. Solvents (i.e., benzene and hexane) were purified using an MBraun MB-SP solvent purification system and stored over 3 Å molecular sieves for 24 h

• before use. Diiron nonacarbonyl was purchased from Fisher Scientific, and methyl acrylate was purchased from MilliporeSigma and used without further purification. Deuterated solvent (chloroform-d) for NMR was purchased from Cambridge Isotopes Lab and was stored over 4 Å molecular sieves for 24 h prior to

Electrospun polysuccinimide scaffolds containing different salts as potential wound dressing material

• Veronika Pálos,
• Krisztina S. Nagy,
• Rita Pázmány,
• Krisztina Juriga-Tóth,
• Bálint Budavári,
• Judit Domokos,
• Dóra Szabó,
• Ákos Zsembery and
• Angela Jedlovszky-Hajdu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 781–796, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.65

• , USA); trypsin/EDTA solution (Sigma-Aldrich, USA); cell proliferation reagent WST-1 (Roche, Switzerland); and ultra-purified water (Zineer Power I Water Purification System). All reagents were used without any further purification. Polysuccinimide synthesis The PSI was produced by thermal

Green synthesis of biomass-derived carbon quantum dots for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue

• Dalia Chávez-García,
• Mario Guzman,
• Viridiana Sanchez and
• Rubén D. Cadena-Nava

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 755–766, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.63

• industrial wastewater. Photocatalysis is an environmentally friendly water purification method that uses light-activated catalysts to destroy contaminants, offering an advantage over traditional methods that merely transfer contaminants between phases [17][18][19]. While some studies on CQDs involve costly