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Search for "fungi" in Full Text gives 186 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry.
Amamistatins isolated from Nocardia altamirensis
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2022, 18, 360–367, doi:10.3762/bjoc.18.40
- must be able to control the uptake of this important nutrient from the environment. In bacteria and fungi this is usually accomplished with the help of siderophores [2]. Siderophores are small molecules which, upon secretion, solubilize and coordinate ferric iron with high affinity. The ability to bind
Synthesis of novel [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-b][1,2,4,5]tetrazines and investigation of their fungistatic activity
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2022, 18, 243–250, doi:10.3762/bjoc.18.29
- studied. The obtained triazolo[1,5-b]annulated 1,2,4,5-tetrazines proved to be active in micromolar concentrations in vitro against filamentous anthropophilic and zooanthropophilic dermatophyte fungi (Trichophyton, Microsporum and Epidermofiton), which cause skin and its appendages (hair, nails) diseases
Tenacibactins K–M, cytotoxic siderophores from a coral-associated gliding bacterium of the genus Tenacibaculum
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2022, 18, 110–119, doi:10.3762/bjoc.18.12
- attractive resource of new therapeutics, which are not found from terrestrial bioresources [4][5][6]. While a large majority of marine microbe-derived natural products are from fungi and actinomycetes, less attention has been paid to non-actinomycetal bacteria [6][7][8][9]. Particularly, secondary
1,2-Naphthoquinone-4-sulfonic acid salts in organic synthesis
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2022, 18, 53–69, doi:10.3762/bjoc.18.5
- hydrocarbons (PAHs) [5][6]. Among all of the compounds in this class, 1,2- and 1,4-naphthoquinones stand out, as they are present in plants, fungi, lichens, bacteria, algae, viruses, insects, and higher organisms and perform several biochemical functions, such as defense, transference of electrons in various
Unsaturated fatty acids and a prenylated tryptophan derivative from a rare actinomycete of the genus Couchioplanes
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2939–2949, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.203
- necessary for their biosynthesis. Prenylated indoles are widely distributed among bacteria, fungi and plants, and all seven positions are subject of prenylation except for the bridgehead carbons [34]. Compound 6 is the acetylated derivative of 6-(3,3-dimethylallyl)-ʟ-tryptophan from Streptomyces sp. SN-593
Biological properties and conformational studies of amphiphilic Pd(II) and Ni(II) complexes bearing functionalized aroylaminocarbo-N-thioylpyrrolinate units
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2812–2821, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.192
- anti(myco)bacterial and antifungal activity of newly prepared organometallic compounds were investigated against some Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria, M. tuberculosis H37Rv strains and C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. glabrata fungi. The screened novel complexes showed different degrees of
Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 1H-1,2,3-triazole and carboxylate analogues of metronidazole
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2377–2384, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.154
- inhibition zones were recorded after 7 days of treatment and compared with growth area of fungi growing in control conditions. Antibacterial activity To determine the bacterial growth inhibiting effects of compounds, bacterial OD600 was measured at different time points i.e., 12, 24, 36 and 48 h (Figure 8
Progress and challenges in the synthesis of sequence controlled polysaccharides
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1981–2025, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.129
- present in the cell-wall of fungi and yeasts, and are major polysaccharides in brown seaweeds (laminarins) [111]. Due to their immunostimulating, antibacterial and antitumor activities, linear and branched β(1–3)-glucans have become interesting synthetic targets. Since several reports highlighted the
- chitosan Chitin is a linear polysaccharide composed of β(1–4)-linked 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-ᴅ-glucopyranose (GlcNAc) repeating units, which mainly exists in the exoskeleton of crustaceans and insects, as well as in the cell-wall of fungi [209][210]. Chitosan, its partially N-deacetylated analogue, has vast
Natural products in the predatory defence of the filamentous fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1814–1827, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.124
- Jena, Jena, Germany 10.3762/bjoc.17.124 Abstract The kingdom of fungi comprises a large and highly diverse group of organisms that thrive in diverse natural environments. One factor to successfully confront challenges in their natural habitats is the capability to synthesize defensive secondary
- metabolites. The genetic potential for the production of secondary metabolites in fungi is high and numerous potential secondary metabolite gene clusters have been identified in sequenced fungal genomes. Their production may well be regulated by specific ecological conditions, such as the presence of
- ; non-ribosomal peptides; polyketides; secondary metabolism; virulence; Introduction To thrive in their natural habitats all organisms from bacteria and fungi to plants and animals need access to sufficient nutritional sources and have to defend themselves against both, competitors and predators
Volatile emission and biosynthesis in endophytic fungi colonizing black poplar leaves
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1698–1711, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.118
- , Institute of Forest Sciences, University of Freiburg, Fohrenbühl 27, 79252 Stegen-Wittental, Germany 10.3762/bjoc.17.118 Abstract Plant volatiles play a major role in plant–insect interactions as defense compounds or attractants for insect herbivores. Recent studies have shown that endophytic fungi are
- thaliana [16]. Besides terpenoids, other plant VOCs are also known to mediate plant–insect interactions. For instance, 2-phenylethanol (3) is a typical attractant for pollinators, but is also involved in direct and indirect plant defense [17][18][19]. Endophytic microorganisms are fungi or bacteria that
- ]. Endophytic fungi themselves can produce VOCs. Currently, around 300 fungal VOCs have been characterized, including aliphatic alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, acids and esters, terpenoids, benzenoids, naphthalene derivatives, and cycloalkanes [25][26][27]. Endophytic fungal VOCs are frequently described to
Chemical approaches to discover the full potential of peptide nucleic acids in biomedical applications
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1641–1688, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.116
Analogs of the carotane antibiotic fulvoferruginin from submerged cultures of a Thai Marasmius sp.
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1385–1391, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.97
- : antibiotics; Basidiomycota; carotane; fulvoferruginin; Marasmius; sesquiterpenoid; Introduction The family Marasmiaceae (Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) presently contains ten genera with Marasmius Fr. being the predominant one (currently comprising over 600 recognized species). Most of these fungi are
- ]. In addition, the recent finding that multiple copies of the rDNA can be present in one and the same genome of certain fungi, leading to up to more than 10% deviations [12], makes us suspicious about the validity of the previous classification of the Chinese “Gymnopus” species. Taking also other
- assay in 96-well microtiter plates with YM6.3 media (10 g/L malt extract, 4 g/L glucose, 4 g/L yeast extract, pH 6.3) for filamentous fungi and yeasts, and with BD DifcoTM Mueller Hinton Broth for bacteria. The antimicrobial assays were performed as previously described [13]. Cytotoxicity assay The
N-tert-Butanesulfinyl imines in the asymmetric synthesis of nitrogen-containing heterocycles
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1096–1140, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.86
Breakdown of 3-(allylsulfonio)propanoates in bacteria from the Roseobacter group yields garlic oil constituents
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 569–580, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.51
- ]. For the macroalga Ulva mutabilis the presence of bacteria from the Roseobacter group is even mandatory for proper algal development, and 3-(dimethylsulfonio)propanoate (DMSP) is used as a chemotactic signal by the bacteria attracting them towards the algal host [12]. Many bacteria and fungi also
Total synthesis of decarboxyaltenusin
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 224–228, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.22
- -Leopoldshafen, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Germany 10.3762/bjoc.17.22 Abstract The total synthesis of decarboxyaltenusin (5’-methoxy-6-methyl-[1,1’-biphenyl]-3,3’,4-triol), a toxin produced by various mold fungi, has been achieved in seven steps in a yield of 31% starting from 4-methylcatechol and 1-bromo
Secondary metabolites of Bacillus subtilis impact the assembly of soil-derived semisynthetic bacterial communities
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 2983–2998, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.248
- nutrient availability and geochemical features [9]. Therefore, soil consists of microbial hotspots, indicating faster process rates than the average soil [10]. One such microbial hotspot is the rhizosphere, harbouring microbial communities where various interactions between bacteria, fungi, and plants take
- growth promoting and plant health improving properties by suppressing plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi [31]. However, it is not completely understood how soil-administered Bacillus spp. affect the indigenous microbial communities. Gadhave et al. have shown that the supplementation of B. subtilis
- primarily against various filamentous fungi [47][48][49][50][51]. The broad-spectrum antibiotic bacillaene, synthesised by the pksB-S gene cluster, is mainly targeting bacterial protein synthesis [52]. Still, it was also shown that it could protect cells and spores from predation [53]. We recently
On the mass spectrometric fragmentations of the bacterial sesterterpenes sestermobaraenes A–C
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 2807–2819, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.231
- related techniques the volatiles from many bacteria, fungi, and plants have been investigated [8][9][10], which provides rapid information about the production of volatile terpenes. This information is particularly useful in the combination with the genome sequences of the producing organism, because it
Nocarimidazoles C and D, antimicrobial alkanoylimidazoles from a coral-derived actinomycete Kocuria sp.: application of 1JC,H coupling constants for the unequivocal determination of substituted imidazoles and stereochemical diversity of anteisoalkyl chains in microbial metabolites
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 2719–2727, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.222
- -enantiomers with a ratio of 73:27, 4 is the pure (S)-enantiomer, and 5 is the (S)-enantiomer with 98% ee. The present study illustrates the diversity in the stereochemistry of anteiso branching in bacterial metabolites. Compounds 1−4 were moderately antimicrobial against Gram-positive bacteria and fungi, with
- the same as those for 1 (Table 1). The antimicrobial activity of 1–4 was tested against Gram-positive bacteria Kocuria rhizophila and Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Rhizobium radiobacter, a yeast Candida albicans, and two fungi Glomerella cingulata and Trichophyton
- rubrum (Table 2). All compounds exhibited moderate activity against Gram-positive bacteria with MICs of 6.25–12.5 μg/mL but were inactive against Gram-negative bacteria. The compounds 1–4 were also active against the yeast and fungi, with MIC values ranging from 6.25–25 μg/mL. In addition, the compounds
Palladium nanoparticles supported on chitin-based nanomaterials as heterogeneous catalysts for the Heck coupling reaction
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 2477–2483, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.201
- has attracted similar attention to cellulose. Found primarily in squid, insects, fungi, and the shells of crustaceans (shrimp, crab, and lobster), chitin is the second-most abundant biopolymer after cellulose, with an annual availability of over 6 million tons from crustacean shell waste alone [12
Muyocopronones A and B: azaphilones from the endophytic fungus Muyocopron laterale
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 2100–2107, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.177
- fungal metabolites produced by Muyocopron spp. Thus, as part of our research into the natural products produced by plant-associated fungi [13][14][15], we isolated two new azaphilones from the cultures of an endophytic fungus, namely Muyocopron laterale ECN279. Herein, the isolation, structural
Synthesis, docking study and biological evaluation of ᴅ-fructofuranosyl and ᴅ-tagatofuranosyl sulfones as potential inhibitors of the mycobacterial galactan synthesis targeting the galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1853–1862, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.152
- galactofuranose (Galf) residues linked by alternating β-(1→5)- and β-(1→6)-glycosidic bonds [4]. The Galf monomer is restricted to some bacteria, fungi and a few protozoan species, and it seems to be absent in humans [5]. The enzymes participating in the galactan build-up could thus be considered as potential
Antibacterial scalarane from Doriprismatica stellata nudibranchs (Gastropoda, Nudibranchia), egg ribbons, and their dietary sponge Spongia cf. agaricina (Demospongiae, Dictyoceratida)
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1596–1605, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.132
- for a wide chemodiversity of terpenoid natural products [14][81]. Besides, the marine fungi Penicillium spp. and Aspergillus spp. are often associated with sponge hosts and were found to produce various terpenoids as well [15][82][83]. Hence, if sponges are not the origin of these metabolites, it is
4-Hydroxy-3-methyl-2(1H)-quinolone, originally discovered from a Brassicaceae plant, produced by a soil bacterium of the genus Burkholderia sp.: determination of a preferred tautomer and antioxidant activity
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1489–1494, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.124
- basically free-living aerobes inhabiting soil and freshwater, but some are also found in the tissues of animals, plants, or fungi as pathogens or beneficial symbionts [12]. Not only as the subjects of human/animal health care and plant pathology [13], but they are now gathering significant attention as an
- immunity [33], among which redox enzymes and antioxidants are the direct countermeasures to neutralize the toxicity of ROS [34]. Limited examples of antioxidants include catecholamine melanin from a fungus Cryptococcus neoformans [35], 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene melanin from fungi Wangiella dermatitidis and
- Alternaria alternata [36], staphyloxanthin from a firmicute Staphylococcus aureus [37], vitamin B6 from fungi Cercospora nicotianae, [38] and Rhizoctonia solani [39], and a melanin-like pigment from Burkholderia cenocepacia [40]. The antioxidant activity of 1 was evaluated using the luminol chemiluminescence
Fabclavine diversity in Xenorhabdus bacteria
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 956–965, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.84
- . budapestensis and X. szentirmaii, and a 50 kb biosynthesis gene cluster (BGC) was identified to be responsible for their formation (Figure 1) [20]. These compounds were of special interest because of their broad-spectrum bioactivity against Gram-positive and -negative bacteria, fungi, and protozoa [20][21
Absolute configurations of talaromycones A and B, α-diversonolic ester, and aspergillusone B from endophytic Talaromyces sp. ECN211
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 290–296, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.28
- first time in over 50 years. Keywords: absolute configuration; endophytic fungus; glauconic acid; Talaromyces; tetrahydroxanthone; xanthenedione; Introduction The xanthones, which are a class of phenolic compounds produced by many different organisms, including plants, lichens, fungi, and bacteria
- , occur as completely aromatized (xanthones in the narrow sense), dihydro, tetrahydro, and hexahydro derivatives [1]. Tetrahydroxanthones produced by fungi are encountered as the monomeric units of multiple dimeric xanthones, including the actinoplanones, albofungins, beticolins, and ergochromes (synonyms
- ) lack the evidence that supports their assignments, i.e., the absolute configurations of α-diversonolic ester (3), aspergillusone B (4), and their related compounds are still unknown. As part of our research into compounds produced by endophytic fungi in Japan [7][8][9], we isolated two new diversonolic
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