Detonation nanodiamonds biofunctionalization and immobilization to titanium alloy surfaces as first steps towards medical application

• Juliana P. L. Gonçalves,
• Afnan Q. Shaikh,
• Manuela Reitzig,
• Daria A. Kovalenko,
• Jan Michael,
• René Beutner,
• Gianaurelio Cuniberti,
• Dieter Scharnweber and
• Jörg Opitz

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 2765–2773, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.293

• inside a 3 M KCl solution connected to a conical glass cell via salt bridge. The salt bridge is formed by filling a capillary plastic tube with agarose gel (2 % w/v in 2 mol/L borate buffer, pH 7.4). The experimental conical cell has a capacity of 3 mL. 1.5 mL of an aqueous slurry of modified DND is

Synthesis of a resin monomer-soluble polyrotaxane crosslinker containing cleavable end groups

• Ji-Hun Seo,
• Shino Nakagawa,
• Koichiro Hirata and
• Nobuhiko Yui

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 2623–2629, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.274

• prepared resin monomer-soluble PRX crosslinker was successfully polymerized with a mixture of HEMA and UDMA to provide photosetting plastic. It was confirmed that the Vickers hardness of the prepared plastic was greatly decreased after treatment with dithiothreitol. This indicates that the resin monomer

• shows the image of the polymerized mixture prepared by resin casting. As shown, slightly yellow and transparent plastic was formed, indicating that the well-soluble PRX crosslinker does not result in a heterogeneous aggregation during the polymerization process. The effect of degradable crosslinkers on

• the change of hardness was estimated by means of the Vickers hardness test. As shown in Figure 4, the initial Vickers hardness of the hardened plastic was 2.9 N/mm2. Generally, conventional dental composite resin shows around 15 N/mm2 [24]. Therefore, the prepared PRX-based thermosetting plastic

Sacrolide A, a new antimicrobial and cytotoxic oxylipin macrolide from the edible cyanobacterium Aphanothece sacrum

• Naoya Oku,
• Miyako Matsumoto,
• Kohsuke Yonejima,
• Keijiroh Tansei and
• Yasuhiro Igarashi

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 1808–1816, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.190

• diameter, which were left until completely dried. A loop of the test organism, suspended in a small amount water, was mixed with liquefied agar medium precooled to nearly body temperature, and the inoculated medium was quickly poured into a sterile plastic dish. The medium was composed of 0.5% yeast

Biantennary oligoglycines and glyco-oligoglycines self-associating in aqueous medium

• Svetlana V. Tsygankova,
• Alexander A. Chinarev,
• Alexander B. Tuzikov,
• Nikolai Severin,
• Alexey A. Kalachev,
• Juergen P. Rabe,
• Alexandra S. Gambaryan and
• Nicolai V. Bovin

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 1372–1382, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.140

• binding of a fetuin peroxidase conjugate to a virus immobilized on a plastic (related to the corresponding monomer). Results are given in Table 1. The activity of associating sialooligoglycines with core C2 was only 3–6 times higher than the activities of their non-associated counterparts (n = 2–4) and

Novel indolin-2-one-substituted methanofullerenes bearing long n-alkyl chains: synthesis and application in bulk-heterojunction solar cells

• Irina P. Romanova,
• Andrei V. Bogdanov,
• Inessa A. Izdelieva,
• Vasily A. Trukhanov,
• Gulnara R. Shaikhutdinova,
• Dmitry G. Yakhvarov,
• Shamil K. Latypov,
• Vladimir F. Mironov,
• Vladimir A. Dyakov,
• Ilya V. Golovnin,
• Dmitry Yu. Paraschuk and
• Oleg G. Sinyashin

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 1121–1128, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.111

• plastic solar cells (PSCs) were fabricated on the P3HT/HBIM blends, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) was about 2% [8]. The P3HT/HBIM devices showed the same open-circuit voltage (Voc) as the P3HT:PCBM ones, but the short-circuit current (Jsc) and the fill factor (FF) were considerably less. It was

Integration of enabling methods for the automated flow preparation of piperazine-2-carboxamide

• Richard J. Ingham,
• Claudio Battilocchio,
• Joel M. Hawkins and
• Steven V. Ley

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 641–652, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.56

• File 3 for control program). Reduction products of piperazine-2-carboxamide. (a) In-line reservoir schematic. The liquid level is measured by observation of a plastic float. (b) Image processing to measure the liquid level. The computer receives an image of the reservoir and processes it as follows: (1

Flow microreactor synthesis in organo-fluorine chemistry

• Hideki Amii,
• Aiichiro Nagaki and
• Jun-ichi Yoshida

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 2793–2802, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.314

• inert plastic flow tubes provided flexibility, scale-up production, and improved safety of operation. Using flow chemistry, the conversion of alcohols to fluorides was achieved by Seeberger and Ley, independently (Scheme 2) [44][45][46][47]. Usually, gem-difluorination of ketones by DAST is known to be

Synthesis of the reported structure of piperazirum using a nitro-Mannich reaction as the key stereochemical determining step

• James C. Anderson,
• Andreas S. Kalogirou,
• Michael J. Porter and
• Graham J. Tizzard

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 1737–1744, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.200

• by thin layer chromatography (TLC) using 0.25 mm silica precoated plastic plates with fluorescent indicator. Sheets were visualised using ultraviolet light (254 nm) and/or anisaldehyde or KMnO4 solutions, as appropriate. Removal of solvents (in vacuo) was achieved using a water aspirator and rotary

Efficient continuous-flow synthesis of novel 1,2,3-triazole-substituted β-aminocyclohexanecarboxylic acid derivatives with gram-scale production

• Sándor B. Ötvös,
• Ádám Georgiádes,
• István M. Mándity,
• Lóránd Kiss and
• Ferenc Fülöp

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 1508–1516, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.172

• out on the isotope 63Cu, with He as collision gas. The standard solutions for external calibration were prepared from a stock solution (Certipur, Merck) by dilution with doubly deionized water (Millipore MillQ, Merck). All glassware and plastic utensils used during the determination were precleaned by

Synthesis of guanidinium–sulfonimide ion pairs: towards novel ionic liquid crystals

• Martin Butschies,
• Manuel M. Neidhardt,
• Markus Mansueto,
• Sabine Laschat and
• Stefan Tussetschläger

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 1093–1101, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.121

• ][18][19]. By using an elongated perfluoroalkyl chain at the bistriflimide anion in combination with short chain-substituted pyrrolidinium cations MacFarlane was able to induce plastic crystal phases and liquid-crystalline phases at room temperature [20]. Ion pairs consisting of perfluorosulfonylimide

Camera-enabled techniques for organic synthesis

• Steven V. Ley,
• Richard J. Ingham,
• Matthew O’Brien and
• Duncan L. Browne

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 1051–1072, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.118

• , our group has recently reported a continuous liquid/liquid extraction system based on a simple visual process [92]. A plastic float with a density intermediate between those of two solvents was placed inside a glass separation column into which the two phases were continuously fed and removed (Figure

3D-printed devices for continuous-flow organic chemistry

• Vincenza Dragone,
• Victor Sans,
• Mali H. Rosnes,
• Philip J. Kitson and
• Leroy Cronin

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 951–959, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.109

• chemical properties; however their chemical compatibility is low. In fact they are not generally recommended for exposure to alcohol, glycols, alkalis, brake fluids, or to chlorinated or aromatic hydrocarbons [20]. Therefore, PP was the plastic of choice for the device fabrication. The shape of the 3D

• polyfluoroelastomer (FPM) and polyether ether ketone (PEEK). PEEK is a harder plastic than PP and, thus, allowed the screwing of the standard connectors into the softer PP inlets/outlets of the devices, resulting in a tight seal to the device. The screw connectors increase the chemical tolerance of the 3D-printed

Automated three-component synthesis of a library of γ-lactams

• Erik Fenster,
• David Hill,
• Oliver Reiser and
• Jeffrey Aubé

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 1804–1813, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.206

• needles used for handling anhydrous solvents and reagents were oven dried, cooled in a desiccator, and flushed with dry nitrogen prior to use. Plastic syringes were flushed with dry nitrogen before use. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was performed on Analtech Uniplate Silica Gel GHLF 250 μm precoated TLC

Control over molecular motion using the cis–trans photoisomerization of the azo group

• Estíbaliz Merino and
• María Ribagorda

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 1071–1090, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.119

• ). The consecutive irradiation with λ = 366 nm at 0°, −45°, −90° or −135° following by irradiation at λ = 540 nm produces the contraction and expansion of the film in the clockwise direction. Recently, this liquid-crystal elastomer was used in developing the first plastic photomechanical motor capable of

An easily accessible sulfated saccharide mimetic inhibits in vitro human tumor cell adhesion and angiogenesis of vascular endothelial cells

• Grazia Marano,
• Claas Gronewold,
• Martin Frank,
• Anette Merling,
• Christian Kliem,
• Sandra Sauer,
• Manfred Wiessler,
• Eva Frei and
• Reinhard Schwartz-Albiez

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 787–803, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.89

• . The effects of the single agents were additive, showing that they probably interact at different sites that are important for adhesion. The effect of GSF on cell adhesion is dependent on ECM proteins, since WM-115 cell adhesion on plastic was not influenced by GSF up to 20 mM. At 40 mM, only 40

• studies (Figure 4) have shown GSF to bind to another domain on αvβ3 in addition to the RGD binding site. Alternatively, GSF could bind to the ECM and thereby inhibit cell adhesion and MMP-2 activation. The lack of inhibition of cell adhesion to plastic by GSF points to such a mechanism. A reduction of the

Synthesis and characterization of a novel carboxyl group containing (co)polyimide with sulfur in the polymer backbone

• Miroslav Mrsevic,
• David Düsselberg and
• Claudia Staudt

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 776–786, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.88

• Dry (co)polyimide powder (450 mg) was dissolved in 10 mL of THF and stirred with a magnetic stirrer for 1 h. The (co)polyimide solution was filtered through a glass frit (pore size 3 μm), cast onto a metal mold with a diameter of 6 cm, and covered with a plastic funnel capped with a tissue to prevent

Triterpenoid saponins from the roots of Acanthophyllum gypsophiloides Regel

• Elena A. Khatuntseva,
• Vladimir M. Men’shov,
• Alexander S. Shashkov,
• Yury E. Tsvetkov,
• Rodion N. Stepanenko,
• Raymonda Ya. Vlasenko,
• Elvira E. Shults,
• Genrikh A. Tolstikov,
• Tatjana G. Tolstikova,
• Dimitri S. Baev,
• Vasiliy A. Kaledin,
• Nelli A. Popova,
• Valeriy P. Nikolin,
• Pavel P. Laktionov,
• Anna V. Cherepanova,
• Tatiana V. Kulakovskaya,
• Ekaterina V. Kulakovskaya and
• Nikolay E. Nifantiev

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 763–775, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.87

• the mortality data collected within seven days using Probit Analysis 1.0 software with p < 0.05. Hemolysis assay. Red blood cells were obtained from Wistar sexually mature rats of both sexes from SPF-vivarium of SB RAS, weighing 200–250 g. Blood was collected from neck vessels in standard plastic

Synthesis of 2,6-disubstituted tetrahydroazulene derivatives

• Zakir Hussain,
• Henning Hopf,
• Khurshid Ayub and
• S. Holger Eichhorn

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 693–698, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.77

• . Experimental Thin-layer chromatography was performed by using precoated plastic plates, PolyGram Sil G/UV254. Column chromatography was performed on silica gel 60 (70–230 mesh) from Merck (Darmstadt). HPLC analysis was carried out on a system consisting of Shimadzu (Duisburg, Germany), Gilson 305 pumps, a

Perhydroazulene-based liquid-crystalline materials with smectic phases

• Zakir Hussain,
• Henning Hopf and
• S. Holger Eichhorn

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 403–410, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.44

• nonpolar terminal group. We have also fully described the synthesis of acid 6b, which is the key intermediate, from the starting material 1b in three steps with a total average yield of about 72%. Experimental TLC: Precoated plastic plates, PolyGram Sil G/UV254. Column chromatography: Silica gel 60 (70–230

Scaling up of continuous-flow, microwave-assisted, organic reactions by varying the size of Pd-functionalized catalytic monoliths

• Ping He,
• Stephen J. Haswell,
• Paul D. I. Fletcher,
• Stephen M. Kelly and
• Andrew Mansfield

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2011, 7, 1150–1157, doi:10.3762/bjoc.7.133

• vigorously in the ice bath for 30 min to form a transparent solution. Subsequently, the solution was poured into a plastic mould (diameter 4.8 mm and length 6 cm for monolith-3.2; and diameter 8.2 mm and length 5 cm for monolith-6.4). Both ends of the plastic mould were then closed and the sealed tube was

• incubated in an oven at 40 °C for 3 days, during which time a wet, semi-solid, gel monolith was formed. Approximately 20% shrinkage occurred during this gel formation, which allowed easy removal of the wet gel monoliths from the plastic tube moulds. The wet gel monoliths were washed with copious amounts of

Single enantiomer synthesis of α-(trifluoromethyl)-β-lactam

• Václav Jurčík,
• Alexandra M. Z. Slawin and
• David O'Hagan

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2011, 7, 759–766, doi:10.3762/bjoc.7.86

• obtained using an oil bath equipped with a contact thermometer. Solvent evaporations were carried out under reduced pressure on a Büchi rotary evaporator. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) was performed using Macherey-Nagel Polygram Sil G/UV254 plastic plates. Visualisation was achieved by inspection under

ROMP-Derived cyclooctene-based monolithic polymeric materials reinforced with inorganic nanoparticles for applications in tissue engineering

• Franziska Weichelt,
• Solvig Lenz,
• Stefanie Tiede,
• Ingrid Reinhardt,
• Bernhard Frerich and
• Michael R. Buchmeiser

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2010, 6, 1199–1205, doi:10.3762/bjoc.6.137

• (toluene, 9 wt %). Solutions A and B were mixed and stirred for a few seconds. The polymerization mixture was poured into 1 × 5 cm plastic devices. Polymer formation occurred within 12 hours in air. The monoliths were extensively washed with a mixture of CHCl3, DMSO and ethyl vinyl ether (2:40:28 wt

Catalysis: transition-state molecular recognition?

• Ian H. Williams

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2010, 6, 1026–1034, doi:10.3762/bjoc.6.117

• is the following: if the TS for SN2 methyl transfer is more plastic than the reactant state for the catalysed process, then mechanical compression by the enzyme ( in Figure 2) might destabilise the reactants more than the TS. In other words, the energetic penalty for deforming the structure to a