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Search for "electrochemistry" in Full Text gives 121 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry.
High performance p-type molecular electron donors for OPV applications via alkylthiophene catenation chromophore extension
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2298–2314, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.223
- fully characterized by NMR, IR, UV–vis, TGA, DSC, electrochemistry, photoelectron spectroscopy in air (PESA), and have satisfactory mass spectra and microanalysis results. Full experimental details are described in Supporting Information File 1. Thermal behaviour: TGA and DSC. The thermal behaviour of
Synthesis and characterization of fluorinated azadipyrromethene complexes as acceptors for organic photovoltaics
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 1925–1938, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.182
- are observed at 669 and 800 nm, respectively. Compared to λmax of BF2(WS3), BF2(L4) exhibits a large hypsochromic shift of 33 nm. Electrochemistry Cyclic voltammetry of the zinc(II) and BF2+ chelates was studied in dichloromethane solutions using ferrocene/ferricinium (Fc/Fc+) as an internal reference
Organic chemistry meets polymers, nanoscience, therapeutics and diagnostics
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 1638–1646, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.161
- went to it. I maintained my fullerenes project [8], and initiated a set of three other supramolecular projects. Of these projects, our work on flavoenzyme models was the one that really took off. Using electrochemistry, we were able to gain a real understanding of how forces such as hydrogen bonding [9
3,6-Carbazole vs 2,7-carbazole: A comparative study of hole-transporting polymeric materials for inorganic–organic hybrid perovskite solar cells
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 1401–1409, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.134
- . UV–vis absorption spectra were measured on a JASCO V-670 spectrophotometer. Polymer thin films were prepared on an ITO glass (about 0.8 × 2.5 cm2) by spray-coating of polymer solutions (5.0 g L−1 in CH2Cl2). Electrochemistry measurements were carried out on a BAS electrochemical analyzer model 612C
Self and directed assembly: people and molecules
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 391–405, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.42
- electrochemistry [77]. The system has also been used with Eric Anslyn (University of Texas at Austin) to determine the ee of amines using circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy [78]. The system was more recently used to measure the ee of amines using fluorescence [79]. The UK Office of Science and Innovation (OSI
A journey in bioinspired supramolecular chemistry: from molecular tweezers to small molecules that target myotonic dystrophy
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 125–138, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.14
- of steroids, to determining hydrocarbon pKa values using electrochemistry. The lesson learned, and one I tried to put into practice in my independent career (see below), is that it is very much possible to run a research group focused in quite different areas of chemistry. With an NSF-NATO
Recent advances in metathesis-derived polymers containing transition metals in the side chain
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 2747–2762, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.296
- electrochemistry, sensing, catalysis, nanomaterials, etc. [37][38][39][40]. Not surprisingly, therefore, attention of researchers has turned first on metallopolymers containing ferrocene [33][34][41][42][43]. Review Iron-containing polymers Following the first successful application of Mo–alkylidene catalysts by
Size-controlled and redox-responsive supramolecular nanoparticles
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 2388–2399, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.260
- electrochemistry [18] or by adding an oxidizing agent [19]. Different studies have employed this concept to form redox-responsive systems applied, for example, in self-healing materials [19], polymeric hydrogels [20][21], voltage-responsive vesicles [22], ultrasentive enzyme sensors [23], and as a plasma membrane
Polythiophene and oligothiophene systems modified by TTF electroactive units for organic electronics
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 1749–1766, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.191
- (TTF and PT) inhibits any electrochemical activity from the polymer backbone and the electrochemistry of the material is dominated by the TTF unit. The inhibition of the polymer backbone’s electrochemical activity was confirmed by spectroelectrochemistry of 39, which indicated no change of the π–π
- state spectrum of the chemically synthesised sexithiophene 51; this is evidence of a strong π–π stacking interaction upon aggregation in the solid state. The electrochemistry of compound 51 is similar for both solution and solid state samples, with the main feature being the overlap between the second
- properties of 54 (n = 0–2) are shown in Table 4. The optical properties of 54 (n = 0–2) in solution (Table 4) follow a general trend of decreasing the absorption onset, while increasing the conjugation length. The electrochemistry of each H-shaped system 54 (n = 0–2) on the other hand is not so
Thiazole-induced rigidification in substituted dithieno-tetrathiafulvalene: the effect of planarisation on charge transport properties
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 1148–1154, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.129
- the influence of favourable S–N interactions contributes to a more planar structure. The S and N atoms are separated by a distance of 3.01 Å, 0.34 Å shorter than the sum of the van der Waals radii of the two atoms (3.35 Å). In the electrochemistry section of this paper we discussed how the S–N
A hybrid electron donor comprising cyclopentadithiophene and dithiafulvenyl for dye-sensitized solar cells
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 1052–1059, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.118
- unit. Keywords: donor–acceptor systems; dye-sensitized solar cells; electrochemistry; intramolecular charge transfer; Knoevenagel reaction; tetrathiafulvalene; Introduction Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have been intensively investigated as an alternative to silicon-based solar cells [1][2][3][4
Glycoluril–tetrathiafulvalene molecular clips: on the influence of electronic and spatial properties for binding neutral accepting guests
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 1023–1036, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.115
- Synthesis Molecular clips 1–3 [18] and 4 [19] were synthesized according to our previous reports. Electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical experiments Electrochemistry and time-resolved spectroelectrochemistry in solution were performed using the already described home self-made cell [44][45
- sensitivity of the spectroscopic measurement (<3 electrons at 100 kHz and <13 electrons at 2 MHz between 320 and 1080 nm; 400 electrons (high gain) and 5000 electrons (low gain) between 900 nm and 1700 nm) allows performing a spectroelectrochemistry experiment under the usual conditions of electrochemistry
Electrosynthesis and electrochemistry
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 949–950, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.105
- Siegfried R. Waldvogel Institute for Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10–14, 55128 Mainz, Germany 10.3762/bjoc.11.105 Keywords: chemical method; electrochemistry; electrosynthesis; sustainability; Since the pioneering work of Kolbe, electrochemistry and
- , electrochemistry is mostly taught by physical chemists, which seems to create a natural barrier to preparative organic applications. However, the systematic use of cationic species as intermediates to avoid over-oxidation establishes new ways for functionalization of substrates and paves the way to novel synthetic
Interactions between tetrathiafulvalene units in dimeric structures – the influence of cyclic cores
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 930–948, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.104
- absorptions of 1b and 6 signal the stronger acceptor strength of radiaannulene cores (lower-lying LUMOs) relative to an acyclic TEE unit. This effect was also confirmed by electrochemistry (vide infra). Interestingly, compound 7 containing a diethynylpyridine acceptor unit exhibits the most redshifted
- absorption of all the compounds at λmax 779 nm (ε 210 M−1cm−1), but of significantly lower intensity than the charge-transfer absorptions of the TEE compounds. Electrochemistry The redox properties of the TTF-bridge-TTF molecules were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry in
- CH2Cl2 (0.1 M Bu4NPF6). For clarity we have broken the discussion of the electrochemistry into two sections, the first being the oxidation of the TTFs and their electronic interactions in comparison to related examples in the literature. The other section deals with the reduction of the molecules
Tuning of tetrathiafulvalene properties: versatile synthesis of N-arylated monopyrrolotetrathiafulvalenes via Ullmann-type coupling reactions
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 860–868, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.96
- , both in solid state as well as in solution. MPTTF derivatives are readily soluble in non-polar organic solvents, such as CH2Cl2, toluene or acetone (with the exception of poorly soluble 4c), giving solutions that are stable at room temperature in air. Electrochemistry Solution oxidation potentials of
Trifluoromethyl-substituted tetrathiafulvalenes
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 647–658, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.73
- dyads with a strong pairing of the radical species in a singlet state. Keywords: electrochemistry; electron withdrawing group (EWG); fluorine; tetrathiafulvalene (TTF); Introduction Following three decades of extensive work toward the elaboration of conducting radical cation salts from
Highly selective generation of vanillin by anodic degradation of lignin: a combined approach of electrochemistry and product isolation by adsorption
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 473–480, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.53
- acidification and precipitation of remaining lignin. The latter represents a significant advantage compared with conventional work-up protocols of lignin solutions. Keywords: adsorption; electrochemistry; lignin; nickel; renewable resources; Introduction The biopolymer lignin is one of the most abundant and
- metal catalysts they commonly disappear in the unreacted lignin contaminating that particular material which limits further subsequent use. Electrochemistry is one of the most promising approaches for highly sustainable conversions because only electrons serve as reagent [21][22][23][24][25][26][27
Photovoltaic-driven organic electrosynthesis and efforts toward more sustainable oxidation reactions
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 280–287, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.32
- Bichlien H. Nguyen Robert J. Perkins Jake A. Smith Kevin D. Moeller Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri 63130, United States 10.3762/bjoc.11.32 Abstract The combination of visible light, photovoltaics, and electrochemistry provides a convenient, inexpensive platform for
- . Keywords: electrochemistry; sustainable oxidation reactions; visible light; Introduction Organic electrochemistry is an extremely versatile tool for conducting a wide variety of chemical reactions [1][2][3]. This versatility stems from both the gentle, acid/base neutral reaction conditions employed for
- the reactions and the adjustable potential of the working electrode that enables the oxidation and reduction of substrates that often greatly differ in their electronic structure. It is particularly easy to take advantage of the opportunities electrochemistry offers when conducting constant current
Cathodic reductive coupling of methyl cinnamate on boron-doped diamond electrodes and synthesis of new neolignan-type products
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 200–203, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.21
- -type products were synthesized from the hydrodimer. Keywords: boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode; cathodic reduction; electrochemistry; electrosynthesis; neolignan; Introduction Numerous lignans and neolignans were found as secondary plant metabolites, and many of them are known to exhibit
Electrochemical selenium- and iodonium-initiated cyclisation of hydroxy-functionalised 1,4-dienes
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 174–183, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.18
- and pyran derivatives under indirect electrochemical conditions generating selenium or iodonium cations. The reactions proceed in good yields and regioselectivities for the formation of single diastereomers. Keywords: cyclic ethers; cyclisation; 1,4-dienes; electrochemistry; iodonium; selenium
- antibacterial properties [10][11][12][13]. For this purpose, we investigated a protocol for the straight forward synthesis of 1,4-dienols which should be cyclised into the corresponding tetrahydrofuran or pyran derivatives. With our sight set on efficient and atom economic organic reactions electrochemistry
- seems to be a powerful tool for the transformation of those 1,4-dienols. Although it seems that all possible functional groups have been investigated in organic electrochemistry, reports on electrochemical transformations of 1,4-dienes are rare [14][15][16][17]. First attempts of a direct
The Shono-type electroorganic oxidation of unfunctionalised amides. Carbon–carbon bond formation via electrogenerated N-acyliminium ions
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 3056–3072, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.323
- electroorganic techniques and future directions. Keywords: anodic oxidation; electrochemistry; electroorganic, electrosynthesis, N-acyliminium ions; natural products; non-Kolbe oxidation; peptidomimetics; Shono oxidation; synthesis; Review N-Acyliminium ions are synthetically versatile N-Acyliminium ions [1][2
- ) [76][77]. The ability to introduce two carbon–carbon bonds on to the same α-carbon to prepare spirocyclic systems is a challenge, yet the application of electrochemistry in tandem with ring closing metathesis (RCM) readily achieved this feat. The use of the Shono-type electrooxidation in natural
- ]. Examples of Phe7–Phe8 mimics prepared using an electrochemical approach [93]. Preparation of arginine mimics employing an electrooxidation step [96]. Preparation of chiral cyclic amino acids [20]. Two-step preparation of Nazlinine 117 using Shono flow electrochemistry [101]. Acknowledgements The authors
Recent advances in the electrochemical construction of heterocycles
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 2858–2873, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.303
- reactions is presented and discussed in this review. Keywords: anodic cyclization; electrosynthesis; heterocycle; olefin coupling; organic electrochemistry; radical cyclization; Introduction The construction of heterocyclic cores undoubtedly represents a highly important discipline of organic synthesis
- electrochemistry of heterocyclic compounds are also available [27][28][29]. However, recent innovations in electrosynthesis such as the cation pool method or the development of novel electron transfer mediators also have a significant impact on heterocyclic chemistry [30][31]. This review focuses upon both anodic
- , electrochemistry represents a complementary method to conventional synthesis, due to unique selectivity and the possibility for electrochemical Umpolung. However, considering the fact that heterocycle-containing compounds represent the major part of active ingredients in pharmaceutics and crop protection, a lack
Synthesis and properties of novel star-shaped oligofluorene conjugated systems with BODIPY cores
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 2704–2714, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.285
- generally increased with increasing molecular weight. This trend was most pronounced for Y-Bn (n = 1–4) and not so significant for the T-Bn (n = 1–4) series. In the latter case the Tg reached a saturation value at 99 °C for terfluorene T-B3. Electrochemistry The electrochemical properties of the materials
Molecular ordering at electrified interfaces: Template and potential effects
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 2243–2254, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.233
- other hand the electrochemistry of viologens in solution is well documented in the literature [11][12]. In dicationic form dibenzyl-viologen molecules (DBV2+) are well-known to undergo two successive reversible electron transfer steps yielding first the corresponding monocation radical DBV+• and then
Scalable synthesis of 5,11-diethynylated indeno[1,2-b]fluorene-6,12-diones and exploration of their solid state packing
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 2122–2130, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.219
- anticipated, altering the trialkylsilyl group has very little effect on the optoelectronic properties of the conjugated scaffold (Table 2). All molecules have two strong absorptions around 310 and 330 nm, with a much weaker, broad absorption in the 450–550 nm range. Electrochemistry shows two reversible
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