Synthesis and magnetic transitions of rare-earth-free Fe–Mn–Ni–Si-based compositionally complex alloys at bulk and nanoscale

• Shabbir Tahir,
• Tatiana Smoliarova,
• Carlos Doñate-Buendía,
• Michael Farle,
• Natalia Shkodich and
• Bilal Gökce

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 823–836, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.62

• Curie temperature (Tc) is a type of magnetic phase transition characterized by the loss of spontaneous magnetization in ferromagnetic materials [1]. One key application of such transitions is in magnetocaloric cooling systems where magnetocaloric materials, when cycled near Tc in an external magnetic

• field, exhibit an adiabatic temperature change, enabling energy-efficient and environmentally friendly refrigeration [2]. These solid-state cooling systems are being developed as alternatives to conventional gas-based refrigeration and are especially advantageous for applications requiring tailored

Morphology and properties of pyrite nanoparticles obtained by pulsed laser ablation in liquid and thin films for photodetection

• Akshana Parameswaran Sreekala,
• Bindu Krishnan,
• Rene Fabian Cienfuegos Pelaes,
• David Avellaneda Avellaneda,
• Josué Amílcar Aguilar-Martínez and
• Sadasivan Shaji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 785–805, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.60

• phase-pure FeS2. A photodetector with detectivity of around 108 Jones was reported [68]. Mohsin et al. reported an external magnetic field-assisted laser ablation in liquid technique to prepare FeS2 nanoparticles [38]. They reported fabrication of FeS2 NPs/p-Si photodetectors using dipping technique

Changes of structural, magnetic and spectroscopic properties of microencapsulated iron sucrose nanoparticles in saline

• Sabina Lewińska,
• Pavlo Aleshkevych,
• Roman Minikayev,
• Anna Bajorek,
• Mateusz Dulski,
• Krystian Prusik,
• Tomasz Wojciechowski and
• Anna Ślawska-Waniewska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 762–784, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.59

• in the M(T) relations there is no trace of the Verway transition (TV ≈ 125 K) typical for Fe3O4. Figure 5c presents the temperature dependences of the real part of the magnetic susceptibility, χ’(T), registered at several frequencies f of an ac external magnetic field for FS0. (In Figure 5c only

High-temperature epitaxial growth of tantalum nitride thin films on MgO: structural evolution and potential for SQUID applications

• Michelle Cedillo Rosillo,
• Oscar Contreras López,
• Jesús Antonio Díaz,
• Agustín Conde Gallardo and
• Harvi A. Castillo Cuero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 690–699, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.53

• critical temperature of 6.3 K. In materials with superconducting properties, any variation of an external magnetic field induces electric currents on the surface that counteract this variation. This unique property enables the materials to detect very weak magnetic fields. This principle is leveraged in

Vortex lattices of layered HTSCs at different vortex–vortex interaction potentials

• Valerii P. Lenkov,
• Anastasia N. Maksimova,
• Anna N. Moroz and
• Vladimir A. Kashurnikov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 362–370, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.27

• boundary conditions along both coordinate axes. Under the conditions of this geometry, the third term in Equation 1, corresponding to the additional vortex energy associated with the external magnetic field, has the form The calculation also takes into account the temperature dependence of the London

Theoretical study of the electronic and optical properties of a composite formed by the zeolite NaA and a magnetite cluster

• Joel Antúnez-García,
• Roberto Núñez-González,
• Vitalii Petranovskii,
• H’Linh Hmok,
• Armando Reyes-Serrato,
• Fabian N. Murrieta-Rico,
• Mufei Xiao and
• Jonathan Zamora

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 44–53, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.5

• introduction of magnetic nanoparticles into zeolite crystals so that the resulting composite can respond to an external magnetic field [33]. By imparting magnetic properties to such composites, they can be efficiently recovered after capturing contaminants such as heavy metals [34][35][36][37] and dyes [38][39

The role of a tantalum interlayer in enhancing the properties of Fe₃O₄ thin films

• Hai Dang Ngo,
• Vo Doan Thanh Truong,
• Van Qui Le,
• Hoai Phuong Pham and
• Thi Kim Hang Pham

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1253–1259, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.101

• SiO2, MgO(100) and MgO/Ta/SiO2, respectively. Magnetization of Fe3O4 samples in an external magnetic field in a range of (a) −10 kOe to 10 kOe and (b) −2 kOe to 2 kOe. Surface properties obtained from the AFM scans of Fe3O4 samples. Structural parameters of Fe3O4 thin films on various substrates

Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light by cobalt ferrite nanoparticles/graphene quantum dots

• Vo Chau Ngoc Anh,
• Le Thi Thanh Nhi,
• Le Thi Kim Dung,
• Dang Thi Ngoc Hoa,
• Nguyen Truong Son,
• Nguyen Thi Thao Uyen,
• Nguyen Ngoc Uyen Thu,
• Le Van Thanh Son,
• Le Trung Hieu,
• Tran Ngoc Tuyen and
• Dinh Quang Khieu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 475–489, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.43

• degradation of methylene blue (MB) under visible light. The catalyst can be recycled with an external magnetic field and displays suitable stability. Also, it was reused in three successive experiments with a loss of efficiency of about 5%. The CF/GQDs are considered as an efficient photocatalyst for MB

• temperature. They are much smaller than the bulk value (65.8 emu/g). The decrease in the saturation magnetization of the CF/GQDs is attributed to the presence of the nonmagnetic GQDs. The particles’ high magnetic permeability shows that they could be separated with an external magnetic field. The Mr values of

• , oxalates, and sulfates, Scheme 1). Finally, MB could be mineralized to CO2, H2O, and [38]. In order to check the stability of the materials, the prepared CF/GQDs-200 catalysts were reused in three cycles (Figure 9b). After each run, the catalyst was separated with an external magnetic field. It was found

Superconducting spin valve effect in Co/Pb/Co heterostructures with insulating interlayers

• Andrey A. Kamashev,
• Nadir N. Garif’yanov,
• Aidar A. Validov,
• Vladislav Kataev,
• Alexander S. Osin,
• Yakov V. Fominov and
• Ilgiz A. Garifullin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 457–464, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.41

• an in-plane external magnetic field strength of ≈ 1.5 kOe. Magnetic studies of the samples are presented in Supporting Information File 1. We took the same thickness of 3 nm for both Co1 and Co2 layers. In addition, a control set of the samples with similar thicknesses of the S and F layers but

• out with a standard four-point method in the DC mode. For changing the mutual direction of the magnetization of the F layers between the P and AP orientations, an external magnetic field of ≈1 kOe < was always applied in the plane of the sample in all measurements. The strength of the magnetic field

• , the temperature dependence of the resistivity R(T) was recorded for the P and AP configurations of the magnetizations of the Co1 and Co2 layers by appropriate rotation of the magnetization of the Co2 layer through an external magnetic field. Figure 2 depicts the superconducting transition curves for

Modulated critical currents of spin-transfer torque-induced resistance changes in NiCu/Cu multilayered nanowires

• Mengqi Fu,
• Roman Hartmann,
• Julian Braun,
• Sergej Andreev,
• Torsten Pietsch and
• Elke Scheer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 360–366, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.32

• a nonmonotonic dependence between the critical current of STT-assisted resistance changes and the strength of the external magnetic field in NiCu/Cu multilayered nanowire devices with arbitrary sequence of magnetic and nonmagnetic sections along the long axis of the nanowires. The STT devices were

• AP state among layers 1 to 3 (configuration 1 in Figure 4a). When µ0H is swept from above 0 T to a small negative value Ha1, configuration 1 remains, while the effective magnetic field Heff on layer 2 becomes larger. Here, Heff is determined by the external magnetic field as well as the exchange

Vinorelbine-loaded multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles as anticancer drug delivery systems: synthesis, characterization, and in vitro release study

• Zeynep Özcan and
• Afife Binnaz Hazar Yoruç

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 256–269, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.24

• external magnetic field. This finding is crucial for future studies on magnetic field-guided drug release and tumour treatment. Particularly, our research also investigates the effect of varying polymer ratios on drug release kinetics and photothermal efficiency, which was not addressed in the

Ferromagnetic resonance spectra of linear magnetosome chains

• Elizaveta M. Gubanova and
• Nikolai A. Usov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 157–167, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.15

• is experimentally possible [9][41] to create dilute assemblies of magnetosome chains oriented in one direction in a strong external magnetic field. This makes it possible to obtain FMR spectra for oriented assemblies of magnetosome chains depending on the angle of an external magnetic field with

• chains as a function of the angle θ of the external magnetic field with respect to the orientation axis of the chains. The spectra of randomly oriented assemblies of chains were then calculated by the angle averaging of partial FMR spectra calculated with a fairly small step Δθ ~ 5–7.5°. Further, we

TEM sample preparation of lithographically patterned permalloy nanostructures on silicon nitride membranes

• Joshua Williams,
• Michael I. Faley,
• Joseph Vimal Vas,
• Peng-Han Lu and
• Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1–12, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.1

• external magnetic field applied using the objective lens was first studied using Lorentz TEM. The initial magnetic configuration of the Py nanodisks after relaxation is shown in Figure 13c. In order to ascertain the coercive field of the sample, we applied the external field until the contrast was no

• external field until we observed the vortex followed by increasing the field in the opposite direction. In the end, we decreased the field to zero. LTEM images were captured at different magnetic fields along this sequence and are presented in Supporting Information File 1. As the external magnetic field

• , which is consistent with prior results [32]. At the saturation field, the vortex core disappears because the magnetization is now in a single-domain state. When the external magnetic field decreases, the formation of the vortex does not occur immediately, but after the field reaches about 30 mT

Specific absorption rate of randomly oriented magnetic nanoparticles in a static magnetic field

• Ruslan A. Rytov and
• Nikolai A. Usov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 485–493, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.39

• biological media can be considered fixed and random. In this case, the dynamics of the assembly magnetization depends on the parameters of the external magnetic field, as well as on the magnetic and geometric parameters of an assembly [20][22][25][26]. To develop the joint MPI-MH technique, it is necessary

• assembly SAR on the intensity of the dc external magnetic field additionally applied to the assembly. It is assumed that the dc magnetic field varies in the range Hdc = 0–800 Oe and is applied at different angles to the ac magnetic field direction. The behavior of a randomly oriented assembly under the

The influence of structure and local structural defects on the magnetic properties of cobalt nanofilms

• Alexander Vakhrushev,
• Aleksey Fedotov,
• Olesya Severyukhina and
• Anatolie Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 23–33, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.3

• clarity, so that the orientation of individual atom spins could be easily traced. Subsequently, the two selected systems were exposed to an external magnetic field with induction Bext = 1.0 T in the ox axis direction (along the nanofilm surface for the real structure variant) for 100 ps. The result of the

• ps, the change in the spin direction of atomic spins was active. At the initial time, a chaotic spin distribution regulated only by their initial spin temperature, was set for the atoms. Later, the direction of spins was influenced by the external magnetic field, as well as by their mutual

• numerical experiment (letters (d), (e), (f)). Crystalline cobalt is characterized by small changes in spin states at finite times, with atomic spins set in the direction of external magnetic field induction, (i.e., ox axis). Nanofilms with structural defects and deviations from crystal lattice nodes are

Two-step single-reactor synthesis of oleic acid- or undecylenic acid-stabilized magnetic nanoparticles by thermal decomposition

• Mykhailo Nahorniak,
• Pamela Pasetto,
• Jean-Marc Greneche,
• Volodymyr Samaryk,
• Sandy Auguste,
• Anthony Rousseau,
• Nataliya Nosova and
• Serhii Varvarenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 11–22, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.2

• reduction of nanoparticle diameter below the critical size of 25 nm leads to nanoparticles with superparamagnetic properties [10][11]. Due to the absence of coercive forces in superparamagnetic nanoparticles not exposed to an external magnetic field, they are characterized by good colloidal stability, which

Experimental and theoretical study of field-dependent spin splitting at ferromagnetic insulator–superconductor interfaces

• Peter Machon,
• Michael J. Wolf,
• Detlef Beckmann and
• Wolfgang Belzig

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 682–688, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.60

• states in an external magnetic field was observed. To reproduce the experimental data, we have determined the spin mixing angle as a function of the applied magnetic field, and given an estimate on how to take into account the relation between the external field and the spin mixing angle. We are thus

Tunable superconducting neurons for networks based on radial basis functions

• Andrey E. Schegolev,
• Nikolay V. Klenov,
• Sergey V. Bakurskiy,
• Igor I. Soloviev,
• Mikhail Yu. Kupriyanov,
• Maxim V. Tereshonok and
• Anatoli S. Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 444–454, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.37

• example). The control of the spin valve is operated by turning the FM layers into states with parallel (P) and antiparallel (AP) mutual orientations of their magnetizations. This process can be realized by application of the finite external magnetic field or by injection of the spin current due to the

A comprehensive review on electrospun nanohybrid membranes for wastewater treatment

• Senuri Kumarage,
• Imalka Munaweera and
• Nilwala Kottegoda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 137–159, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.10

• facilitate membrane removal by an external magnetic field. As summarized in Table 1, different nanomembranes have been fabricated via electrospinning and electrospraying to be used as adsorbent membranes to remove metal ions and organic dyes. The polymers used for the fabrication of adsorbant membranes along

Heating ability of elongated magnetic nanoparticles

• Elizaveta M. Gubanova,
• Nikolai A. Usov and
• Vladimir A. Oleinikov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1404–1412, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.104

• assembly is possible both in vitro and in vivo. Let us assume that the axes of symmetry of spheroidal nanoparticles are oriented in a viscous liquid under the action of a strong permanent external magnetic field. Evidently, the orientation of the long particle axes can be fixed by increasing significantly

• relatively easily oriented in a sufficiently strong external magnetic field. In this work, it is shown that the maximum SAR value of an oriented assembly of non-interacting elongated magnetite nanoparticles increases approximately twice as compared to the maximum SAR value for an assembly of non-oriented

Biocompatibility and cytotoxicity in vitro of surface-functionalized drug-loaded spinel ferrite nanoparticles

• Sadaf Mushtaq,
• Khuram Shahzad,
• Tariq Saeed,
• Anwar Ul-Hamid,
• Bilal Haider Abbasi,
• Nafees Ahmad,
• Waqas Khalid,
• Muhammad Atif,
• Zulqurnain Ali and
• Rashda Abbasi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1339–1364, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.99

• by iron, nickel, and zinc ferrite. Furthermore, PMA-coated nanoparticles exhibit a small change in saturation magnetization, which is still enough to manipulate NPs using an external magnetic field [28]. The uniform size distribution of MFe2O4 (M = Fe, Co, Zn, Ni) NPs was confirmed by agarose gel

Nonmonotonous temperature dependence of Shapiro steps in YBCO grain boundary junctions

• Leonid S. Revin,
• Dmitriy V. Masterov,
• Alexey E. Parafin,
• Sergey A. Pavlov and
• Andrey L. Pankratov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1279–1285, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.95

• account the non-uniform distribution of currents flowing through the barrier, which is typical for bicrystal junctions [28][42][43]. However, if the junction length is of the order of the kink size and there is no external magnetic field, the long junction dynamics is close to that of a short one [39] and

Recent progress in actuation technologies of micro/nanorobots

• Ke Xu and
• Bing Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 756–765, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.59

• the possibility to apply accurate drug delivery in peripheral blood vessels. Valdez‐Garduño et al. [36] proposed a new method that uses an external magnetic field to fix the direction of a micromotor and converts the ultrasound-induced oscillation motion of a Janus microstructure with asymmetric

Recent progress in magnetic applications for micro- and nanorobots

• Ke Xu,
• Shuang Xu and
• Fanan Wei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 744–755, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.58

• nanoparticles gain magnetization against an applied external magnetic field. Paramagnetism is caused by spin angular momentum (i.e., spin magnetic moment). Under the action of an external magnetic field, the initially disordered magnetic moments will be reoriented, thereby exhibiting paramagnetism, while other

• and could be applied to MNRs. MaBiDZ is mainly composed of three parts, that is, the DZb strand, MaB1, and MaB2. MaB1 is conjugated with DZa, and MaB2 is conjugated with a DNA hook strand complementary to F-sub. An external magnetic field will make MAb1 and MAb2 aggregate, so that the activated BiDz

• materials. In the presence of an external magnetic field, a piezoresponse force microscope (PFM) could be used to directly probe the ferroelectricity and magnetoelectricity of this nanowire. Experiments were carried out in a specially designed setup with three pairs of orthogonal electromagnetic coils to

Differences in surface chemistry of iron oxide nanoparticles result in different routes of internalization

• Barbora Svitkova,
• Vlasta Zavisova,
• Veronika Nemethova,
• Martina Koneracka,
• Miroslava Kretova,
• Filip Razga,
• Monika Ursinyova and
• Alena Gabelova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 270–281, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.22

• eligible for the targeted delivery of the drug-loaded particles to the tumor mass via an external magnetic field [2]. Furthermore, MNPs are promising biosensors [3] and antimicrobial tools [4], and they play an important role in the development of multifunctional theranostics to combat cancer [5]. MNPs are