Cellulose as a photocatalyst support material: extraction, structural features, and environmental applications

• Yee Teng Lim,
• Nur Farhana Jaafar,
• Azizul Hakim Lahuri and
• Endang Tri Wahyuni

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 635–652, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.44

• water treatment performance as shown in Figure 2 [14]. Photocatalytic degradation is an advanced oxidation process (AOP) in which a catalyst is used to accelerate the degradation or breakdown of organic pollutants in water or air using light energy. This AOP relies on the ability of the catalyst to

• materials that can absorb light energy and generate electron–hole pairs, which then participate in redox reactions to produce ROS that degrade organic pollutants. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) are the common catalysts that have been used [18][19]. Figure 3 illustrates the general mechanism of

• photodegradation of organic pollutants by photocatalyst. This review aims to summarize current methods for extracting cellulose-based materials, focusing on their technical, economic, and environmental aspects. Key considerations include yield, purity, energy use, and scalability. The discussion includes

Two-step laser synthesis of Ag@TiO₂ nanomaterials for the photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B

• Marija Kovačević,
• Miloš Tošić,
• Rafaela Radičić,
• Vladimir Rajić,
• Nikša Krstulović,
• Miloš Momčilović and
• Sanja Živković

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 622–634, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.43

• nanomaterials. These physical processes enable the direct formation of highly pure and well-dispersed nanoparticles from bulk targets without the need for chemical precursors or stabilizing agents. By fine-tuning laser parameters such as wavelength, pulse energy, and ambient conditions, researchers can tailor

• characterization was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), aiming to establish a clear correlation between synthesis parameters, nanostructure features, and photocatalytic activity. In our previous studies [6][7][21

• a state of initial instability. Influence of Ag on the bandgap energy of TiO2 UV–vis spectroscopy was employed to investigate the effect of Ag doping on TiO2 and to determine the bandgaps of both TiO2 and Ag@TiO2 samples. Figure 7a displays the absorption spectra of TiO2 and Ag-modified TiO2 samples

Recent progress in enhancing built-in electric fields of perovskite solar cells via junction engineering

• Tong Xiao and
• Ke Xu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 602–621, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.42

• transport. By contrast, 2D/3D heterojunctions exploit interfacial dipole formation, intrinsic polarization, and phase-penetration effects to amplify and homogenize the BEF, while simultaneously improving energy-level alignment and defect passivation. We systematically compare these strategies within a

• , optimizing the BEF provides a powerful lever for advancing power conversion efficiency, open-circuit voltage, and long-term operational stability in state-of-the-art PSCs, while avoiding the introduction of parasitic energy barriers. Keywords: band alignment; built-in electric field; carrier dynamics

• aligning energy levels [16]. These advantages have established heterojunctions as a major research hotspot, with current efforts shifting from simple passivation to deliberate interfacial potential design [17]. Nevertheless, the impact of phase penetration depth, residual strain, and bulk inhomogeneity on

Probing tribological evolution in atomically thin MoS₂ at different scales

• Xingzhong Zeng and
• Miao Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 586–597, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.40

• atomic lattice site until the lateral force overcomes interfacial interactions, followed by an instantaneous “slip” to the next stable site [9]. This stick–slip motion is widely regarded as the elementary mechanism of energy dissipation in nanoscale friction, underpinning efforts to understand energy

• by the applied load, as inferred from the experimental trends observed herein. Furthermore, follow-up simulation studies [12] have revealed a strong dependence of sub-nanoscale stick–slip motion on interfacial contact area and contact geometry. These simulations demonstrated that the energy state of

Impacts of annealing on structural and photophysical properties of zinc phthalocyanine adsorbed on graphene

• Gautier Creutzer,
• Quentin Fernez,
• Nataliya Kalashnyk,
• Zohreh Safarzadeh,
• Lydia Sosa Vargas,
• Céline Fiorini-Debuisschert,
• Nicolas Fabre and
• Fabrice Charra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 576–585, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.39

• , red curve). This is accompanied by a parallel spectral displacement of its vibronic replica, located 0.21 eV higher in energy, from 608 to 630 nm. At an intermediate time of annealing (30 min, Figure 1a, purple curve) the two distinct Q-band peaks at 676 nm and 711 nm are simultaneously observed

• characteristic of a ZnPc response [43]. However, the highest energy peak is strongly shifted from its value of 1506 cm−1 in the bulk to 1543 cm−1 in this assembly. The same shift has been reported for the ZnPc embedded inside carbon nanotubes or adsorbed on their surface [44]. This is considered as a signature

Laser–material interactions in liquids for the synthesis of nanomaterials: current status and perspectives

• Carlos Doñate Buendia,
• Bilal Gökce and
• Leonid V. Zhigilei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 571–575, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.38

• beam scanning, and flow-cell designs have enabled scaling to g/h production rates [66][67]. Even a higher 10 g/h productivity has recently been demonstrated in microparticle LFL using high pulse energy (>20 mJ) nanosecond laser systems [68]. While these advances represent an important step toward

Synthesis of Cu–Mo/TiO₂ and Co–Mo/TiO₂ photocatalysts for the efficient degradation of organic pollutants in water

• Ilse Acosta,
• Brenda Zermeño,
• Edgar Moctezuma,
• Luis F. Garay-Rodríguez and
• Isaías Juárez-Ramírez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 559–570, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.37

• the doping of TiO2 can be done during its synthesis or through an impregnation technique, which is a very simple method that does not require high energy consumption. In addition, the transition metal precursors are relatively inexpensive, which makes these materials more attractive to be used in

• distance of undoped TiO2 [28]. Mo6+ can substitute the Ti4+ atom into the crystalline network. Another possibility is the Mo4+ or Mo6+ interstitial doping. However, due to energy issues, substitution doping is the most common and likely [29]. Further, the presence of Mo as a dopant is evident since it

• the increase in specific surface area in these materials. Optical characterization The photocatalysts’ bandgap energy (Eg) was measured by UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. Figure 3 shows the absorption spectra of all the materials. Pure TiO2 absorbs light in the UV range. With the

Electrochemical determination of ciprofloxacin using a MIL-101/reduced graphene oxide-modified electrode

• Nguyen Quang Man,
• Nguyen Ngoc Nghia,
• Nguyen Vinh Phu,
• Vo Thi Khanh Ly,
• Le Lam Son,
• Pham Khac Lieu,
• Le Thi Hong Phong,
• Nguyen Dinh Luyen and
• Dinh Quang Khieu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 541–554, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.35

• ) equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) system. Raman spectroscopy was performed on an Xplora Plus instrument (Horiba, Japan) with a stimulating light wavelength of 785 nm. Electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) were recorded using an Autolab PGSTAT302N system. Electrochemical experiments were

• , respectively. The energy gap between these peaks (≈11.1 eV) is typical of Cr3+ species coordinated with oxygen in the Cr–O clusters of the MIL-101 framework [25]. Importantly, no signals related to Cr6+ species (usually observed at higher binding energies) are detected, confirming that chromium remains mainly

Fractional shot noise of an SU(N) Kondo system

• Damian Krychowski and
• Stanisław Lipiński

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 515–540, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.34

• both fundamental physics and potential quantum information applications, detection, and sensing [1][2][3][4]. To achieve these goals, the increasing ability to manipulate quantum states is crucial. As electrons are confined in fewer dimensions and as the size of the dot decreases, the charging energy

• of a single excess charge on the dot increases. Strong dynamic correlations start to play a dominant role when Coulomb interaction exceeds electron kinetic energy. For dots weakly coupled to the leads, many-body resonances build up at low temperatures, opening new paths for coherent transport. Due to

• universal scaling, the Kondo temperature kBTK being the only energy scale that governs low-energy properties [54]. The Kondo temperature can be extracted, for example, from the temperature dependence of conductance or from the susceptibility [4][55][56]. For bulk systems, also spectroscopic measurements of

Probing internal continua and atomic ultrafast charge transfer within size-controlled nanoparticles by post-collision interaction in core-hole clock spectroscopy

• Johannes Lütgert,
• Erika Giangrisostomi,
• Nomi L. A. N. Sorgenfrei and
• Alexander Föhlisch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 505–514, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.33

• transfer rates. An energy level diagram of CdSe/ZnS QDs is schematically shown in Figure 2c. Owing to its smaller bandgap, the CdSe core is expected to have a higher density of states at a given energy compared to the wider-bandgap ZnS shell. From this perspective, charge transfer toward the core is

• that only the slower charge transfer within the shell layers can be observed. At an electron kinetic energy of 2118 eV, the inelastic mean free path for ZnS is of the order of 4 nm [30]. Given a layer thickness of 0.3 nm for one ZnS shell layer [31], for the sample with seven double layers, already 40

• towards higher kinetic energies. An average of the Auger component’s line shape is shown in Figure 3a. It is obtained by integrating the resonant spectra above the absorption edge between photon energies of 2474 and 2480 eV. Auger components are adding since they are at constant kinetic energy, whereas

Upcycling agroindustrial waste into graphene oxide supports for gold nanoparticles: toward sustainable nanomaterials

• Juan Marcos Castro-Tapia,
• Selene Acosta,
• Hiram Joazet Ojeda-Galván,
• Elsie Evelyn Araujo-Palomo,
• Edgar Giovanni Villabona-Leal and
• Mildred Quintana

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 489–504, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.32

• ; hybrid nanocomposites; plasmonic nanomaterials; surface functionalization; Introduction Graphene oxide (GO), due to its unique physicochemical properties, is widely explored regarding a range of applications, including sensors, water purification, and energy storage and conversion [1][2][3][4][5]. GO is

• effective, these methods have significant drawbacks; they are time-consuming, require substantial energy input, and involve the use of highly reactive and toxic chemical reagents. Additionally, they generate large volumes of hazardous liquid waste, raising environmental and safety risks, especially when

• pyrolysis process (350 °C for 1 h and 900 °C for 3 h), producing amorphous carbon that required further oxidation; this route is energy-intensive and generates impurities, making a modified Tour treatment necessary, with the drawback of strong oxidants and substantial chemical waste [18]. Similarly, Sujiono

Defects and defect-mediated engineering of two-dimensional materials: challenges and open questions

• Arkady V. Krasheninnikov,
• Matthias Batzill,
• Anouar-Akacha Delenda,
• Marija Drndić,
• Chris Ewels,
• Katharina J. Franke,
• Mahdi Ghorbani-Asl,
• Alexander Holleitner,
• Ado Jorio,
• Ute Kaiser,
• Daria Kieczka,
• Hannu-Pekka Komsa,
• Jani Kotakoski,
• Manuel Längle,
• David Lamprecht,
• Yun Liu,
• Steven G. Louie,
• Janina Maultzsch,
• Thomas Michely,
• Katherine Milton,
• Anna Niggas,
• Hanako Okuno,
• Joshua A. Robinson,
• Marika Schleberger,
• Bruno Schuler,
• Alexander Shluger,
• Kazu Suenaga,
• Kristian S. Thygesen,
• Richard A. Wilhelm,
• E. Harriet Åhlgren and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 454–488, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.31

• -mediated engineering of nanomaterials for energy and quantum applications” organized by the Beilstein-Institut. Following the discussions at the symposium, here, we present the challenges and open questions in our understanding of the behavior of defective 2D materials, interaction of energetic particles

• of impurities, see [6][7][8][9][10] for an overview. Specifically, low-energy ion implantation [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] can be employed to directly create impurities in 2D materials. Alternatively, due to the 2D geometry, impurities can be introduced through filling the vacancies previously

• engineering of nanomaterials for energy and quantum applications”, organized in Rüdesheim, Germany, by the Beilstein-Institut [38]. Following the symposium, in this article, we discuss the challenges and open questions, in our understanding, of the behavior of defective 2D materials, interaction of energetic

First-principles study on elastic properties of Cu, (Cu_1−x,Ni_x)₃Sn and interfacial mechanical properties of (Cu_1−x,Ni_x)₃Sn/Cu in the lead-free solder joint

• Guomin Hua

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 428–439, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.29

• kinetic energy cutoff of 30 Hartree, a k-point mesh of 8 × 8 × 8 and a potential residual V(r) of less than 10−8 Hartree were used to achieve self-consistent convergence. Based on the optimized crystal structures, the elastic constants of FCC Cu and orthorhombic (CuxNi1−x)3Sn were calculated by finite

• calculated the energy increments of the deformed cells. Via quadratic fits of the relation between the energy increments and the strains, the elastic constants C11, C12, and C44 for Cu and C11, C22, C33, C12, C13, C23, C44, C55, and C66 for (CuxNi1−x)3Sn were extracted. Based on the calculated elastic

• , the strain along the z-axis was fixed; at the same time, the stresses along the x-axis and the y-axis were relaxed to less than 0.5 GPa. For the calculations on the interface structure, a kinetic energy cutoff of 30 Hartree, a k-point mesh of 4 × 4 × 1 and a potential residual V(r) of less than 10−8

Nanoinformatics: spanning scales, systems and solutions

• Iseult Lynch,
• Diego S. T. Martinez,
• Kunal Roy and
• Georgia Melagraki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 423–427, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.28

• Iseult Lynch Diego S. T. Martinez Kunal Roy Georgia Melagraki School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT Birmingham, United Kingdom Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials

• are challenging to experimentally measure. Using computational descriptors commonly used in nano-QSAR models, such as the potential energy of surface atoms and the water–NP surface energy, the model predicts that Pt NPs are more toxic than Au NPs, based on their surface properties, which drive

• radius, crystal ionic radii, density of the metal, electron affinity, and ionization energy) which complement and extend the seven first- and sixteen second-generation periodic table descriptors, as a means to model the toxicity of MeOx nanomaterials to zebrafish embryo – measured as impacts on the

Biomimetic nanoparticles in cancer photodynamic therapy: a review of targeted delivery systems and therapeutic outcomes

• Valentina I. Gorbacheva,
• Alexey S. Grabovoy,
• Polina S. Marukhina,
• Anastasiia O. Syrocheva and
• Ekaterina P. Kolesova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 396–422, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.27

• involving three key components: a photosensitizer (PS), light of a specific wavelength, and molecular oxygen [3]. Upon light activation, the PS transitions to an excited state and transfers energy to surrounding oxygen molecules, generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can eradicate tumor cells. While

• energy to molecular oxygen or other substrates, generating cytotoxic ROS [17]. Historically, PDT relied on organic molecules, either naturally derived or synthetically produced, but since the early 21th century, advancements in nanotechnology have revealed the photosensitizing capabilities of

• , producing radical species such as superoxide anions, while type-II reactions involve energy transfer, generating singlet oxygen, the primary cytotoxic agent in PDT (Figure 1). Although nanostructured PSs are often associated with type-I reactions and molecular PSs with type-II reactions, the generation of

Eco-efficient materials for agricultural crops based on a mineral rich in MOR- and HEU-type zeolites

• Esperanza Yamile de la Nuez-Pantoja,
• Inocente Rodríguez-Iznaga,
• Gerardo Rodríguez-Fuentes,
• Vitalii Petranovskii,
• Ariel Martínez García,
• José Juan Calvino Gámez and
• Daniel Goma Jiménez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 381–395, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.26

• zeolites, unlike synthetic analogues, do not require expensive chemical raw materials and energy-intensive stages of hydrothermal synthesis. The main costs of their exploitation are associated with extraction and mechanical processing, which significantly reduces the cost of the final product. At the same

• determined by N elemental analysis and the Kjeldahl method. XRF analysis was performed on an energy-dispersive spectrometer (Bruker Micro-XRF M4 Tornado, Nano GmbH) using tablets/briquettes of materials prepared for this purpose as described in [15]. For elemental analysis of N, a Leco elemental analyzer

Ferroelectric nanodot reservoir for neuromorphic computing

• Anna Razumnaya,
• Yuri Tikhonov,
• Dmitrii Naidenko,
• Léo Boron,
• Valerii Vinokur and
• Igor Lukyanchuk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 352–364, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.24

• architecture and processing mechanisms of the human brain to achieve energy-efficient and adaptive information processing [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Among various neuromorphic approaches, reservoir computing has emerged as a particularly promising paradigm, owing to its conceptual simplicity and hardware amenability

• , nonvolatility, analog state tunability, and compatibility with CMOS platforms) that make them particularly attractive for energy-efficient neuromorphic circuits [16][17][18][19][20][21]. They inherently possess a multitude of metastable polarization orientations, corresponding to different local minima of the

• free energy [22][23][24]. This intrinsic multistability facilitates analog and digital information encoding, retention, and logic operations within a single physical unit, and is one of the key reasons for their growing relevance in neuromorphic computing and multivalued logic architectures [17][25

Interconnection morphology effects on the radio frequency response of carbon nanotube sponges

• Manuela Scarselli,
• Javad Rezvani,
• Zeno Zuccari,
• Mattia Scagliotti and
• Simone Tocci

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 343–351, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.23

• using a laser with a wavelength of 532 nm and a power of approximately 15 mW. The photon energy was calibrated using a Si reference. The measurements were performed using a monochromator with 1800 lines·mm−1. The laser power was optimised to prevent laser-induced damage. XPS surface analysis studies

• were performed in an ultrahigh-vacuum chamber (base pressure below 10−10 bar) equipped with a semi-imaging analyser MAC 2 (Riber Instruments) operating in the constant pass energy mode (with a total energy resolution of 1.1 eV). Non-monochromatic Al Kα radiation (1486.6 eV) was used (8 kV, 8 mA). The

• CNS samples were fixed on a molybdenum sample holder with silver paint kept at a distance of about 40 mm from the anode, the illumination area was about 5 mm × 5 mm, and the take-off angle between the sample surface and the energy analyser was kept at 45°. Survey and high-resolution spectra were

Beam shaping techniques for pulsed laser ablation in liquids: Unlocking tunable control of nanoparticle synthesis in liquids

• Sergio Molina-Prados,
• Nadezhda M. Bulgakova,
• Alexander V. Bulgakov,
• Jesus Lancis,
• Gladys Mínguez Vega and
• Carlos Doñate-Buendia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 309–342, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.22

• shaping have demonstrated their potential to revolutionise pulsed laser ablation in liquids by enabling more precise energy deposition and modified nanoparticle production dynamics. This review highlights the critical role of beam shaping, encompassing spatial shaping of the beam to influence laser

• –material interaction and temporal modification to optimise pulse duration and energy delivery. The current advancements in beam shaping techniques, their impact on the nanoparticle characteristics, and their broader implications for scaling pulsed laser ablation in liquids to meet industrial demands are

• ) [1][2][3][4][5] is an increasingly employed nanoparticle synthesis technique, first established in the 1990s [6][7]. This method involves focusing high-energy laser pulses onto a solid target submerged in a liquid medium [8]. As the laser interacts with the target, it triggers rapid ionisation

Calculation of the dynamic stiffness of a cantilever under torsional oscillation

• Keita Nishida,
• Yuuki Yasui and
• Yoshiaki Sugimoto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 303–308, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.21

• strain energy. Without tips, the torsional dynamic stiffness is approximately 23% larger than the static stiffness. The modification decreases to 21–23% with tips. Applying the present correction is essential for achieving quantitatively accurate stiffness values in dynamic measurements. Keywords

• : atomic force microscopy; dynamic stiffness; energy dissipation; friction; torsional oscillation mode; Introduction Friction serves as a fundamental mechanism of energy dissipation [1]. While friction typically arises from direct mechanical contact between surfaces, energy dissipation can also occur even

• as it can electrically detect energy dissipations [8]. Lateral force microscopy with quartz tuning fork AFM, using a CO-terminated tip, enabled the detection of energy dissipation over the chemical bonds of a PTCDA (3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride) molecule, with a vertical decay length

Fast vortex dynamics and relaxation times in NbRe-based heterostructures

• Francesco De Chiara,
• Zahra Makhdoumi Kakhaki,
• Francesco Avitabile,
• Francesco Colangelo,
• Abhishek Kumar,
• Carmine Attanasio and
• Carla Cirillo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 292–302, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.20

• to extract the quasiparticle energy relaxation time. For external magnetic field values for which edge barrier pinning is dominant and thermal effects are negligible, the relaxation times are about 150 ps and 24 ps for NbRe/Au and NbRe/Py bilayers, respectively. These results indicate that NbRe/Py

• as flux flow, which is associated with energy dissipation [2]. As the current increases further, jex ≫ jc, and as the vortex velocity approaches a maximum critical value, this regime may become unstable. A sudden voltage jump is observed in the I–V characteristic, attributed to the collapse of

• ]. In classical, low-Tc superconductors, the dominant relaxation channel is provided by e–ph scattering events [17], while in high-Tc superconductors the situation is reversed, with e–e recombination playing a major role in energy relaxation [18]. The efficiency of these processes and the value of τE

Advancing nanolithography: a comprehensive review of materials for local anodic oxidation with AFM

• Matteo Lorenzoni

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 275–291, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.19

• thermochemical changes in an ultrathin resist, and is therefore an important comparator for writing speed and patterning rate. FEL, based on the emission of low-energy electrons from an AFM tip, provides sub-10 nm resolution in ultrathin molecular resists and thus represents the upper limit of tip-based spatial

• effects. For comparison, it is worth mentioning the non-oxidative SPL technique FEL [57], which has recently proven its efficiency and reliability. It exploits a Fowler–Nordheim-type emission of low-energy electrons from a conductive AFM tip. This beam of low-energy electrons can induce highly confined

• unique etching profiles and selective modifications. In a study by Reuter et al., low-energy electrons emitted from the tip have been used to induce nanoscale oxidation on a MoTe2 nanosheet surface under ambient conditions [36]. The study demonstrates a novel, resist-free method for nanoscale patterning

Durable antimicrobial activity of fabrics functionalized with zeolite ion-exchanged nanomaterials against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

• Perla Sánchez-López,
• Kendra Ramirez Acosta,
• Sergio Fuentes Moyado,
• Ruben Dario Cadena-Nava and
• Elena Smolentseva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 262–274, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.18

• plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The results confirmed silver, copper, and zinc contents of around 1.0–1.5 atom % [4]. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis performed on the functionalized fabrics in the present work confirmed the presence of silver (1.3 wt %), as well as

Comparative study on 3D morphologies of delignified, single tracheids and fibers of five wood species

• Helen Gorges,
• Felicitas von Usslar,
• Cordt Zollfrank,
• Silja Flenner,
• Imke Greving,
• Martin Müller,
• Clemens F. Schaber,
• Chuchu Li and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 239–250, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.16

• developing more environmentally friendly and efficient delignification methods [17], as well as exploring novel applications for delignified wood in fields such as energy storage, water purification, and sustainable packaging materials [11][18][19]. Given the high versatility of wood across a wide range of

• tomography setup at the nanotomography endstation of beamline P05 of PETRA III at Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY). The X-ray beam was monochromatized using a Si(111) double crystal monochromator at an energy of 11 keV with a Zernike phase contrast [29]. An X-ray sCMOS camera (Hamamatsu C12849-101U

Gold nanoparticle-decorated reduced graphene oxide as a highly effective catalyst for the selective α,β-dehydrogenation of N-alkyl-4-piperidones

• Brenda Flore Kenyim,
• Mihir Tzalis,
• Marilyn Kaul,
• Robert Oestreich,
• Aysenur Limon,
• Chancellin Pecheu Nkepdep and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 218–238, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.15

• 530.8 and 533.5 eV, corresponding to [SiW9O34]10− lattice oxygen and rGO surface oxygenated groups. The broadness of the higher-energy peak suggests contributions from C–O and O=C–OH groups at lower binding energies, C=O and C–OH groups at higher binding energies, and minor contributions from W–O and Si

• Fermi-level alignment enables rGO to inject electrons into Au even without permanent O-bridging, rendering the interfacial Au more electron-rich (Figure 14). XPS analysis supports this electronic interaction, showing a negative shift of the Au 4f binding energy (Figure 11a). Upon O2 adsorption, electron