Recent advances in photothermal nanomaterials for ophthalmic applications

• Jiayuan Zhuang,
• Linhui Jia,
• Chenghao Li,
• Rui Yang,
• Jiapeng Wang,
• Wen-an Wang,
• Heng Zhou and
• Xiangxia Luo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 195–215, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.16

• through safe laser irradiation. Delivering stem cells to the trabecular meshwork to regenerate tissue and restore its function can treat glaucoma [207]. Labeling stem cells with the PAI contrast agent AuNSs allows for real-time monitoring of stem cell delivery and circulation in the anterior chamber

Nanocarriers and macrophage interaction: from a potential hurdle to an alternative therapeutic strategy

• Naths Grazia Sukubo,
• Paolo Bigini and
• Annalisa Morelli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 97–118, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.10

Biomimetic nanocarriers: integrating natural functions for advanced therapeutic applications

• Hugo Felix Perini,
• Beatriz Sodré Matos,
• Carlo José Freire de Oliveira and
• Marcos Vinicius da Silva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1619–1626, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.127

• , leukocytes, stem cells, tumor components) or other biocomponents (e.g., platelets), can enhance the functionality of carriers and meet the requirements for human applications [19]. The cellular membranes of cancer cells exhibit adhesion molecules crucial to cancer development and metastasis. Heterotypic or

Polymer lipid hybrid nanoparticles for phytochemical delivery: challenges, progress, and future prospects

• Iqra Rahat,
• Pooja Yadav,
• Aditi Singhal,
• Mohammad Fareed,
• Jaganathan Raja Purushothaman,
• Mohammed Aslam,
• Raju Balaji,
• Sonali Patil-Shinde and
• Md. Rizwanullah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1473–1497, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.118

• therapeutic efficiency in mouse models bearing 4T1 breast tumors. Hydroxycamptothecin Hydroxycamptothecin (HCT) is a natural alkaloid derived from the bark and stem of the Chinese tree Camptotheca acuminata, also known as the “happy tree” [122]. It is part of the camptothecin family and is renowned for its

Nanotechnological approaches for efficient N2B delivery: from small-molecule drugs to biopharmaceuticals

• Selin Akpinar Adscheid,
• Akif E. Türeli,
• Nazende Günday-Türeli and
• Marc Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1400–1414, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.113

• modification with PEG and RVG29 improved the intranasal delivery of the NPs [163]. Li et al. also worked on RVG29 and developed core–shell lesion-recognizing NPs consisting of RVG29 peptide-modified mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes as the shell and a reactive oxygen species-responsive polymer loaded with

A biomimetic approach towards a universal slippery liquid infused surface coating

• Ryan A. Faase,
• Madeleine H. Hummel,
• AnneMarie V. Hasbrook,
• Andrew P. Carpenter and
• Joe E. Baio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1376–1389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.111

• stem from the PDA layer, while the fluorinated species can be attributed to the FDT layer covalently attached the PDA film. This covalent attachment is also confirmed by the XPS S 2p high-resolution spectra (Supporting Information File 1), which exhibited the same peak envelope across all the three

Enhanced catalytic reduction through in situ synthesized gold nanoparticles embedded in glucosamine/alginate nanocomposites

• Chi-Hien Dang,
• Le-Kim-Thuy Nguyen,
• Minh-Trong Tran,
• Van-Dung Le,
• Nguyen Minh Ty,
• T. Ngoc Han Pham,
• Hieu Vu-Quang,
• Tran Thi Kim Chi,
• Tran Thi Huong Giang,
• Nguyen Thi Thanh Tu and
• Thanh-Danh Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1227–1237, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.99

• reduction of 4-NiP (2.05 × 10−3 s−1, R2 = 0.995). This variance may stem from the hindrance caused by the interaction between the hydroxy group in 4-NiP and functional groups in the polysaccharide chains, impeding the adsorption/desorption dynamics on the surface of the AuNPs. The rate constant for MO

Quantum-to-classical modeling of monolayer Ge₂Se₂ and its application in photovoltaic devices

• Anup Shrivastava,
• Shivani Saini,
• Dolly Kumari,
• Sanjai Singh and
• Jost Adam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1153–1169, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.94

• large plane-wave mesh cutoff of 120 Ry is considered throughout the calculations. We computed the optical parameters within the range of 0–30 eV. They stem from the dielectric function (using the Kramers–Kronig relations [86]), further estimated through the susceptibility tensors. The susceptibility

Direct electron beam writing of silver using a β-diketonate precursor: first insights

• Katja Höflich,
• Krzysztof Maćkosz,
• Chinmai S. Jureddy,
• Aleksei Tsarapkin and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1117–1124, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.90

• ). As this growth rate was only about two times larger than that of the thermal emitter, a precursor-limited growth regime and, thus, enhanced co-dissociation of the ligands is expected. For later TEM investigations, the deposition was carried out directly on a TEM grid. The STEM image in Figure 3 shows

• rectangles. Electron micrographs of deposition results using (hfac)AgPMe3 in a commercial gas injection system and a field-emission microscope. (a) Pillar with smooth side walls and without noticeable halo, (b) dark-field STEM image of the pillar with silver nanocrystals appearing as bright spots with

Water-assisted purification during electron beam-induced deposition of platinum and gold

• Cristiano Glessi,
• Fabian A. Polman and
• Cornelis W. Hagen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 884–896, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.73

• % ratio correction can be found in Supporting Information File 1 (pp S3–S5). TEM A TEM lamella was prepared in a TFS Helios dual-beam system. A PtCx layer was deposited from MeCpPtMe3 as a protection layer. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and STEM-EDX analysis were performed in an FEI Titan Cubed

• Cs-corrected TEM at 300 keV. STEM-EDX was performed with a Thermo Fisher Scientific EDX super-X detector in the ChemiSTEM configuration. For EDX mapping, three-pixel averaging was used. Results and Discussion Water-assisted purification of gold deposits In order to validate the compatibility of the

• increase the electron flux while keeping the precursor supply constant, such as increasing the dwell time [56], were not explored further. The composition of the material was confirmed by STEM-EDX of a lamella cut from deposit 1g. The C/Pt atom % ratio in this deposit is consistently in the range of 0.22

A review on the structural characterization of nanomaterials for nano-QSAR models

• Salvador Moncho,
• Eva Serrano-Candelas,
• Jesús Vicente de Julián-Ortiz and
• Rafael Gozalbes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 854–866, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.71

• statistical significance in the predictivity of models is not consistent. This ambiguity might stem from the fundamental shift in properties when transitioning from bulk materials to nanoparticles, making it a quantum leap in terms of behavior. While having a nanoscale size is crucial for exhibiting distinct

Intermixing of MoS₂ and WS₂ photocatalysts toward methylene blue photodegradation

• Maryam Al Qaydi,
• Nitul S. Rajput,
• Michael Lejeune,
• Abdellatif Bouchalkha,
• Mimoun El Marssi,
• Steevy Cordette,
• Chaouki Kasmi and
• Mustapha Jouiad

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 817–829, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.68

• Figure 5f represent the MoS2/WS2 composite sample. Typical shapes and sizes corresponding to grown MoS2 and WS2 structures are also observed. High-resolution images indicate different planes corresponding to the composite sample with a corresponding d-spacing. Further, scanning TEM (STEM) images along

• with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) mapping were carried out on the MoS2/WS2 composite. High-annular angle dark-field (HAADF-STEM) allowed the identification of atomic positions with Z differences [35][36], and in particular here, the W sites as shown in Figure 5g. This is confirmed by EDS maps

• composite. g–i) High-resolution STEM-EDS mapping of the MoS2/WS2 composite depicting a random presence of W atoms (marked by circles). PD of MB recorded under solar simulator excitation: MB absorbance variation at various durations using a) MoS2 and b) WS2 photocatalysts. The relative MB concentration

Synthesis of silver–palladium Janus nanoparticles using co-sputtering of independent sources: experimental and theorical study

• Maria J. Martínez-Carreón,
• Francisco Solís-Pomar,
• Abel Fundora,
• Claudio D. Gutiérrez-Lazos,
• Sergio Mejía-Rosales,
• Hector N. Fernández-Escamilla,
• Jonathan Guerrero-Sánchez,
• Manuel F. Meléndrez and
• Eduardo Pérez-Tijerina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 808–816, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.67

• crossed Ag–Pd interactions [16]. The final structures were used to generate simulated TEM micrographs using the SimulaTEM package [17] and approximated STEM micrographs, with the assumption that the signal intensity, I, of atoms of atomic number Z goes as I = Zn, where n is a number close to 2 [18]. To

• silver–palladium sample was also performed on a TITAN FEI Analytical (Low-Base) device in STEM mode. Figure 4a shows the micrograph with the area in which the scan was performed is marked by the box “Spectrum Image”; the section that serves for the correction of spatial distortion has the legend “Spatial

• thermalized the structure at 300 K using molecular dynamics in the NVT ensemble. The atomic coordinates of the final configuration of the MD run were fed to a proprietary software to build STEM-like micrographs, and simulated TEM micrographs were created with the SimulaTEM program. The analysis of the

Exploring surface charge dynamics: implications for AFM height measurements in 2D materials

• Mario Navarro-Rodriguez,
• Andres M. Somoza and
• Elisa Palacios-Lidon

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 767–780, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.64

• has sparked considerable interest spanning from fundamental research to practical device applications. The distinctive physical and chemical properties of 2D materials, composed of one atom- or a few atom-thick sheets, stem from their thin, flat structure, providing an exceptional surface-to-volume

Level set simulation of focused ion beam sputtering of a multilayer substrate

• Alexander V. Rumyantsev,
• Nikolai I. Borgardt,
• Roman L. Volkov and
• Yuri A. Chaplygin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 733–742, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.61

• sputtering of a multilayer substrate under FIB irradiation. The results of the calculations for narrow trenches and rectangular boxes with varying aspect ratios were compared with cross-sectional scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) images of experimental test structures fabricated in the silicon

• microscopy (SEM) image of the trenches with a superimposed line depicting the position of the prepared cross section. Figure 3b–d presents the corresponding cross-sectional STEM images of trenches, where the silicon dioxide is visualized as the dark layer. The shape of trenches was mainly determined by the

• crystalline silicon substrate covered by an approximately 600 nm thick silicon dioxide layer. The plan-view SEM image corresponding to M = 2 and cross-sectional STEM images of the prepared boxes are shown in Figure 3e and Figure 3f–h, respectively. As can be seen from Figure 3e–h, V-like boxes cutting through

Laser synthesis of nanoparticles in organic solvents – products, reactions, and perspectives

• Theo Fromme,
• Sven Reichenberger,
• Katharine M. Tibbetts and
• Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 638–663, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.54

Stiffness calibration of qPlus sensors at low temperature through thermal noise measurements

• Laurent Nony,
• Sylvain Clair,
• Daniel Uehli,
• Aitziber Herrero,
• Jean-Marc Themlin,
• Andrea Campos,
• Franck Para,
• Alessandro Pioda and
• Christian Loppacher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 580–602, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.50

• buffer of N samples. The windowing duration is then: In UHV and at low temperature, the qPlus sensor’s thermal fluctuations stem from stochastic phonons of the quartz in thermal equilibrium with the thermostat at the energy kBT. The phonons excite the qPlus sensor and statistically repeat over time with

Directed growth of quinacridone chains on the vicinal Ag(35 1 1) surface

• Niklas Humberg,
• Lukas Grönwoldt and
• Moritz Sokolowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 556–568, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.48

• conclude that these stem from domains of several parallel chains of orientation E, which have formed either on large terraces or even extend across the steps over several neighboring terraces. However, the spots given by the vector are still more smeared out (broader by 25%) than those from the α-phase

Insect attachment on waxy plant surfaces: the effect of pad contamination by different waxes

• Elena V. Gorb and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 385–395, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.35

• , they may wholly detach from it and, consequently, easily cause heavy pad contamination. Moreover, according to [35], such wax structures may also readily brake during contact formation with insect pads and contaminate them. Interestingly, it has been previously reported that the A. negundo stem surface

• , experiments with all waxy plant surfaces (d.f. = 44) and (2) data obtained from five test insects on each plant surface separately (d.f. = 4). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs of waxy plant surfaces in the young stem of Acer negundo (a) and adaxial (upper) leaf sides of Aloe vera (b), Aquilegia

• glass gl2 (performed immediately after the test on plant) (c). Here, results for beetle no. 3 tested on an Acer negundo waxy stem are presented. Fmax, maximal traction force; Fpeak1, value of the first peak of the traction force; TFmax, time needed to reach the Fmax value. Maximum traction force Fmax (a

Comparative electron microscopy particle sizing of TiO₂ pigments: sample preparation and measurement

• Ralf Theissmann,
• Christopher Drury,
• Markus Rohe,
• Thomas Koch,
• Jochen Winkler and
• Petr Pikal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 317–332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.29

• the fresh suspension were transferred on copper grids. The excess acetone evaporated within a few seconds, and the preparations were mounted directly to the STEM detector. TEM analyses were performed at a voltage of 30 kV, with the beam intensity level set to 4, mostly at a magnification of 50,000× in

• , equipped with a LaB6 cathode, using the SE and STEM detectors, and VEGA3 control software version 4.2.26.0, build 1344. BET SSA measurement The SSA measurements of the E171 samples were originally performed according to an internal procedure inspired by the ISO 9277 standard as mentioned in [11]. To

Vinorelbine-loaded multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles as anticancer drug delivery systems: synthesis, characterization, and in vitro release study

• Zeynep Özcan and
• Afife Binnaz Hazar Yoruç

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 256–269, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.24

• -resolution analytical electron microscope (FE-SEM, Thermo Scientific, Apreo 2S LoVac) and a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM, Phillips XL, 30 ESEM-FEG/EDAX) operating at 120 kV acceleration voltage. The structure of the nanoparticles was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD, PANalytical, Xpert

• a solvothermal technique in a stainless steel reactor at 200 °C for 6 h. According to the results of FE-SEM and STEM examinations, the Fe3O4 NPs are spherical, as depicted in Figure 1a–c. When examining the STEM size distribution, it was observed that Fe3O4 NPs were efficiently synthesized with an

• with dual-targeting capabilities for the synergistic treatment of cancer via photothermal and chemotherapy, demonstrating excellent application prospects in the future. (a) FE-SEM images of Fe3O4 NPs. (b) STEM images of Fe3O4 NPs at 200,000× magnification. (c) STEM images of Fe3O4 NPs at 800,000

Berberine-loaded polylactic acid nanofiber scaffold as a drug delivery system: The relationship between chemical characteristics, drug-release behavior, and antibacterial efficiency

• Le Thi Le,
• Hue Thi Nguyen,
• Liem Thanh Nguyen,
• Huy Quang Tran and
• Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 71–82, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.7

• 21 days and inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were well attached and proliferated on the surface of the LAP/AMX functionalized PLA scaffolds, which provided a bacteria-free environment for bone differentiation in the

TEM sample preparation of lithographically patterned permalloy nanostructures on silicon nitride membranes

• Joshua Williams,
• Michael I. Faley,
• Joseph Vimal Vas,
• Peng-Han Lu and
• Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1–12, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.1

• Lorentz microscopy and electron holography, along with simultaneous structural and chemical characterization techniques such as electron diffraction, 4D STEM, and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), enable a correlative characterization to investigate magnetic

A combined gas-phase dissociative ionization, dissociative electron attachment and deposition study on the potential FEBID precursor [Au(CH₃)₂Cl]₂

• Elif Bilgilisoy,
• Ali Kamali,
• Thomas Xaver Gentner,
• Gerd Ballmann,
• Sjoerd Harder,
• Hans-Peter Steinrück,
• Hubertus Marbach and
• Oddur Ingólfsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1178–1199, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.98

• ]. The image after the background subtraction is shown in Figure 1d, where the particles can be more clearly distinguished. After background subtraction, some of the deposited nanoparticles appear facetted; however, the majority are spherical. HAADF-STEM on FEBID (SiO2 (500 nm)/Si(111)) As a next step

• , high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) was performed to analyze the morphology of the deposited nanoparticles. For this purpose, several FEBID structures were prepared on the SiO2 substrate with the size of 4 × 4 µm2 and an electron dose of 7.80 C/cm2. For

• the HAADF-STEM measurements, a lamella was prepared with a thickness of approx. 100 nm and a width of approx. 4 µm (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S1). In Figure 2a, the HAADF-STEM image of deposited nanoparticles is shown, revealing a nearly uniform spatial distribution of nanoparticles with a

Hierarchically patterned polyurethane microgrooves featuring nanopillars or nanoholes for neurite elongation and alignment

• Lester Uy Vinzons,
• Guo-Chung Dong and
• Shu-Ping Lin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1157–1168, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.96

• cues that promote nerve cell survival, neural stem cell recruitment and differentiation, and axonal guidance and regeneration [3]. The ability of topographical features to guide axons is particularly important in peripheral nerve regeneration, where unidirectional continuous micro-/nanostructures, such

• microenvironment. While several of these focused on stem cell differentiation [9][10], a couple of studies explored their effects on axonal guidance. Lee et al. [11] found that nanorough microridges composed of laser-patterned Al/Al2O3 nanowires increase cell attachment and effectively guide dorsal root ganglia