Dual-functionalized architecture enables stable and tumor cell-specific SiO₂NPs in complex biological fluids

• Iris Renata Sousa Ribeiro,
• Raquel Frenedoso da Silva,
• Romênia Ramos Domingues,
• Adriana Franco Paes Leme and
• Mateus Borba Cardoso

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1238–1252, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.100

• Microplate Reader equipment). The excitation wavelength was set at 524 nm and the emission spectra were generated in the spectral window from 560 to 700 nm with a constant gain value of 120. The analytical curve was obtained from the determination of several dilutions of non-functionalized SiO2NPs (0.1 to

Introducing third-generation periodic table descriptors for nano-qRASTR modeling of zebrafish toxicity of metal oxide nanoparticles

• Supratik Kar and
• Siyun Yang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1142–1152, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.93

• a neutral atom, reflecting the tendency of the metal to gain electrons. The first ionization energy is the energy required to remove the outermost electron from a neutral atom, which is a critical factor in determining the metal’s reactivity and stability. For the present study, descriptors of all

Bolometric IR photoresponse based on a 3D micro-nano integrated CNT architecture

• Yasameen Al-Mafrachi,
• Sandeep Yadav,
• Sascha Preu,
• Jörg J. Schneider and
• Oktay Yilmazoglu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1030–1040, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.84

• setup, as shown in Figure 4c, is a low-noise TIA with a gain of 105 V/A [12]. Its output was connected to the oscilloscope. The responsivity was measured at chopper frequencies between 90 and 1100 Hz. To determine the noise floor, we redesigned the post-detection electronics by replacing the low-noise

Electrospun nanofibers: building blocks for the repair of bone tissue

• Tuğrul Mert Serim,
• Gülin Amasya,
• Tuğba Eren-Böncü,
• Ceyda Tuba Şengel-Türk and
• Ayşe Nurten Özdemir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 941–953, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.77

• area, and an increase in local tissue volume is observed. The purpose of hematoma formation is to gain temporary mechanical stability and to protect the area during the following healing phases. At the same time, an immediate pro-inflammatory cytokine release occurs to create an inflammatory reaction

Identification of structural features of surface modifiers in engineered nanostructured metal oxides regarding cell uptake through ML-based classification

• Indrasis Dasgupta,
• Totan Das,
• Biplab Das and
• Shovanlal Gayen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 909–924, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.75

• analysis of experimentally obtained cellular uptake data for ENMOs provides a systematic approach to gain insights for modifying them for specific purposes. In recent times, these computational methods have gained popularity as they are more cost-effective and independent alternatives to experimental

The effect of age on the attachment ability of stick insects (Phasmatodea)

• Marie Grote,
• Stanislav N. Gorb and
• Thies H. Büscher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 867–883, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.72

• experiments could explore more ageing-related effects to gain insights into the processes of attachment ability decay in insects and, thus, potentially improve sustainability of artificial biologically inspired engineering gripping systems. Such studies could include the role of hemolymph pressure for

Exploring surface charge dynamics: implications for AFM height measurements in 2D materials

• Mario Navarro-Rodriguez,
• Andres M. Somoza and
• Elisa Palacios-Lidon

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 767–780, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.64

• the local properties of the material. To gain a deeper understanding of this voltage-dependent dissipative interaction, we conducted 3D spectroscopy measurements on rGO. The amplitude vs Vbias as a function of tip–sample distance images (A(Vbias, z)) for two different free oscillation amplitudes (A0

Effect of repeating hydrothermal growth processes and rapid thermal annealing on CuO thin film properties

• Monika Ozga,
• Eunika Zielony,
• Aleksandra Wierzbicka,
• Anna Wolska,
• Marcin Klepka,
• Marek Godlewski,
• Bogdan J. Kowalski and
• Bartłomiej S. Witkowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 743–754, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.62

• concentration at grain boundaries and surfaces of individual grains. Further research is required to gain insight into the phenomena at grain boundaries, aiming to provide a precise explanation of the factors contributing to such a rapid change in the distribution of carriers in CuO films. SEM images of the

Level set simulation of focused ion beam sputtering of a multilayer substrate

• Alexander V. Rumyantsev,
• Nikolai I. Borgardt,
• Roman L. Volkov and
• Yuri A. Chaplygin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 733–742, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.61

• cross section, the simulation can accurately predict the depth and shape of the structures, but there is some inaccuracy in reproducing the form of the left sidewall of the structure with a large amount of the redeposited material. To further validate the developed simulation approach and gain a better

Elastic modulus of β-Ga₂O₃ nanowires measured by resonance and three-point bending techniques

• Annamarija Trausa,
• Sven Oras,
• Sergei Vlassov,
• Mikk Antsov,
• Tauno Tiirats,
• Andreas Kyritsakis,
• Boris Polyakov and
• Edgars Butanovs

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 704–712, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.58

• a high concentration of oxygen vacancies, which could partially be responsible for the lower elastic modulus values. The TEM studies performed on a few selected NWs did not indicate the presence of stacking faults, which could contribute to higher elasticity. However, in order to gain full insight

Laser synthesis of nanoparticles in organic solvents – products, reactions, and perspectives

• Theo Fromme,
• Sven Reichenberger,
• Katharine M. Tibbetts and
• Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 638–663, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.54

• the ablation of Pb, Zn, and Cu was performed by Niu et al. in thiols to gain the respective sulfides [157]. In contrast to the change of the nanoparticle core, Choi et al. elegantly obtained N-doped carbon shells or nitrides when they ablated in acetonitrile [104][105]. A change of solvent to

Stiffness calibration of qPlus sensors at low temperature through thermal noise measurements

• Laurent Nony,
• Sylvain Clair,
• Daniel Uehli,
• Aitziber Herrero,
• Jean-Marc Themlin,
• Andrea Campos,
• Franck Para,
• Alessandro Pioda and
• Christian Loppacher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 580–602, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.50

• SHOs. With our computational means however, it is unrealistic to describe a too large number of eigenmodes presenting high-Q factors. To gain computational time, we restrict the numerical analysis to the first three eigenmodes of the qPlus sensor (n = 1–3). Furthermore, we do not account for the

Electron-induced deposition using Fe(CO)₄MA and Fe(CO)₅ – effect of MA ligand and process conditions

• Hannah Boeckers,
• Atul Chaudhary,
• Petra Martinović,
• Amy V. Walker,
• Lisa McElwee-White and
• Petra Swiderek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 500–516, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.45

• surface [52][60]. While the initial surface decomposition must be driven by the energy gain upon binding of the CO ligands and the Fe(CO)x fragment to the Fe surface, AG is sustained at temperatures that are high enough to enable desorption of CO [52][60]. We propose that these reactions are energetically

Classification and application of metal-based nanoantioxidants in medicine and healthcare

• Nguyen Nhat Nam,
• Nguyen Khoi Song Tran,
• Tan Tai Nguyen,
• Nguyen Ngoc Trai,
• Nguyen Phuong Thuy,
• Hoang Dang Khoa Do,
• Nhu Hoa Thi Tran and
• Kieu The Loan Trinh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 396–415, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.36

• , researchers have explored innovative approaches for the treatment of atherosclerosis, with a particular focus on the use of metal-based nanomaterials. The advancement of nanomedicines in CVD treatments will gain from the comprehensive understanding of the rate and extent of nanoparticles (NPs) inside the

On the mechanism of piezoresistance in nanocrystalline graphite

• Sandeep Kumar,
• Simone Dehm and
• Ralph Krupke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 376–384, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.34

• . However, a hysteresis is observed between forward and reverse sweeps, indicating that structural changes in the films occur, which are in part irreversible. To gain insights into the strain distribution in the strained NCG, we performed in situ Raman measurements with strain as shown in Figure 3a. The

Quantitative wear evaluation of tips based on sharp structures

• Ke Xu and
• Houwen Leng

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 230–241, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.22

• AFM scanning. Xue et al. [18] used SEM to study the state of the probe before and after scanning under different scanning parameters and found that good scanning parameters can be obtained under low scanning speed, large integration gain, and high set point, which significantly reduces tip wear. Su et

• integral gain was gradually increased, and the scanning range was also adjusted accordingly until it reached 1 µm × 1 µm. It was important to set an appropriate scanning range for the AFM image. If the scanning range is too large, it will decrease the accuracy of the image, resulting in a less accurate

Multiscale modelling of biomolecular corona formation on metallic surfaces

• Parinaz Mosaddeghi Amini,
• Ian Rouse,
• Julia Subbotina and
• Vladimir Lobaskin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 215–229, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.21

• not only gain further insight into this particular case of aluminum in milk, but also to establish a methodology by which more general molecules can be included in these simulations. We choose lactose as a prototypical example of a small molecule capable of binding to NPs, since it is present at a

Ion beam processing of DNA origami nanostructures

• Leo Sala,
• Agnes Zerolová,
• Violaine Vizcaino,
• Alain Mery,
• Alicja Domaracka,
• Hermann Rothard,
• Philippe Boduch,
• Dominik Pinkas and
• Jaroslav Kocišek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 207–214, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.20

• , craters are not evident, but the sample height increases significantly with the dose. Some height gain and bloating had been observed in UV-irradiated DNA origami nanostructures at low doses [42]. In this previous work, although the samples were irradiated in solution, the AFM analysis was done in the dry

• state. The gain in height and lateral dimensions at low doses was associated to the expansion of the origami nanostructures due to gradual nicking or strand-breaking rendering the structures more loose [42]. In dry irradiations, the generated broken ends from strand breaking have restricted lateral

Enhanced feedback performance in off-resonance AFM modes through pulse train sampling

• Mustafa Kangül,
• Navid Asmari,
• Santiago H. Andany,
• Marcos Penedo and
• Georg E. Fantner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 134–143, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.13

• -order hold block. Thus, the control process can be represented with a sampler, an integrator, a delay element, and a zero-order hold block (Figure 1E-v.). To analyze the reference tracking quality of the controller, we model a unity gain closed-loop system (further information in Supporting Information

• File 1, Figure S1A). In order to investigate the frequency response of the feedback controller, we define the closed-loop transfer function between error, E(s), and disturbance, D(s), in the Laplace domain as in Equation 2, where Tort, Tdelay, Ki denote the ORT period, the delay, and the integral gain

• Ki. Through simulations based on Equation 2 we have determined that the ORT period and the delay impose a limit for the integral gain value (experimental results in Figure S1B, Supporting Information File 1). In order to prevent closed-loop oscillations caused by the resonance peak, it is necessary

Nanotechnological approaches in the treatment of schistosomiasis: an overview

• Lucas Carvalho,
• Michelle Sarcinelli and
• Beatriz Patrício

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 13–25, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.2

• . The nanoparticles avoided weight gain in infected mice, increased glutathione levels, and reduced the levels of oxidative stress markers. This work showed that selenium nanoparticles were even more effective than PZQ, reducing inflammation signs in jejunal tissue and tissue injury levels similarly to

Spatial variations of conductivity of self-assembled monolayers of dodecanethiol on Au/mica and Au/Si substrates

• Julian Skolaut,
• Jędrzej Tepper,
• Federica Galli,
• Wulf Wulfhekel and
• Jan M. van Ruitenbeek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1169–1177, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.97

• . This was avoided in later experiments by using eutectic GaIn (eGaIn) droplets [8][9][10][11]. These are much more viscous, to the point that they are almost solid. This reduces the amount of leak currents significantly and makes studies on the conductivity of SAMs much more reliable. A more widely

Elasticity, an often-overseen parameter in the development of nanoscale drug delivery systems

• Agnes-Valencia Weiss and
• Marc Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1149–1156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.95

• , demonstrating the impact of these characteristics, is the life span of red blood cells. Juvenile red blood cells are able to flow through capillaries much smaller in diameter than their size due to sufficient elasticity. During their life span, they gain rigidity leading to their filtration out of the blood

A multi-resistance wide-range calibration sample for conductive probe atomic force microscopy measurements

• François Piquemal,
• Khaled Kaja,
• Pascal Chrétien,
• José Morán-Meza,
• Frédéric Houzé,
• Christian Ulysse and
• Abdelmounaim Harouri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1141–1148, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.94

• measurement instruments (particularly the current amplifier gain), the leakage resistances, and the measurement noise (see Supporting Information File 1, sections S3 and S4). Resistance values in C-AFM imaging mode Following the calibration of the SMD resistors, C-AFM imaging measurements were conducted by

• -built external wide-range current measuring device (WCMD), connected to the AFM system operating under ambient environmental conditions (no shielding and no air conditioning system). The WCMD device consists of a current amplifier with an automatic gain regulation. It allows for, under usual AFM

A bifunctional superconducting cell as flux qubit and neuron

• Dmitrii S. Pashin,
• Pavel V. Pikunov,
• Marina V. Bastrakova,
• Andrey E. Schegolev,
• Nikolay V. Klenov and
• Igor I. Soloviev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1116–1126, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.92

• qubit representing its quantum state restructuring the one’s spectrum in a certain way, we would have an auxiliary qubit that neither requires a highly stable reference oscillator nor a mixer to drive it. Of course, such a bifunctional cell as a qubit is not ideal; however, in some situations the gain

• -adiabatic effects impose on the potential use of the proposed cell as a neuromorphic, coupling, and tuning element in quantum computing systems. At the same time, we will also gain an understanding of the possibilities for controlling the population of levels in the simplest implementation of an adiabatic

Experimental investigation of usage of POE lubricants with Al₂O₃, graphene or CNT nanoparticles in a refrigeration compressor

• Kayhan Dağıdır and
• Kemal Bilen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1041–1058, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.86

• containing Al2O3, graphene, and CNTs on the required electrical power of a refrigeration compressor. Also, the kinematic viscosity of the nanolubricants was determined to gain a better physical understanding of the nanoparticle–lubricant mixture. Validation of test results The refrigeration compressor used