Assessing phytotoxicity and tolerance levels of ZnO nanoparticles on Raphanus sativus: implications for widespread adoptions

• Pathirannahalage Sahan Samuditha,
• Nadeesh Madusanka Adassooriya and
• Nazeera Salim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 115–125, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.11

• rpm in a magnetic stirrer and NaOH was added dropwise, the mixture was kept under constant stirring for 2 more hours and then sealed and kept overnight. The Zn(OH)2 obtained from the reaction was collected by centrifugation, washed with distilled water, and calcined at 400 °C for 2 h to obtain ZnO NPs

Development and characterization of potential larvicidal nanoemulsions against Aedes aegypti

• Jonatas L. Duarte,
• Leonardo Delello Di Filippo,
• Anna Eliza Maciel de Faria Mota Oliveira,
• Rafael Miguel Sábio,
• Gabriel Davi Marena,
• Tais Maria Bauab,
• Cristiane Duque,
• Vincent Corbel and
• Marlus Chorilli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 104–114, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.10

• . Briefly, an oil phase composed of the terpene (cymene or myrcene) (5% w/w) was mixed with the surfactants (Span 80/Tween 20) (5% w/w) using a magnetic stirrer. After homogenization, the aqueous phase of ultrapure water (90% w/w) was added dropwise. The terpenes were obtained commercially from Sigma

• ethanol (50:50 v/v), pH 5.5. 1 mL of the formulations was used, as allowed by the Franz cell. The acceptor solution was constantly agitated at 300 rpm using mini-magnetic agitators. The temperature was maintained at 37 ± 2 °C by utilizing a circulating heating bath in the jacketed cells. The evaluation of

Berberine-loaded polylactic acid nanofiber scaffold as a drug delivery system: The relationship between chemical characteristics, drug-release behavior, and antibacterial efficiency

• Le Thi Le,
• Hue Thi Nguyen,
• Liem Thanh Nguyen,
• Huy Quang Tran and
• Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 71–82, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.7

• Berberine nanoparticles were formed through the antisolvent precipitation process described in our previous report [7]. A 7.0 wt % PLA solution was prepared by dissolving the PLA pellets in a solvent mixture of DCM/DMF with a weight ratio of 80/20 under magnetic stirring for 1 h at 50 °C. After that, the

Measurements of dichroic bow-tie antenna arrays with integrated cold-electron bolometers using YBCO oscillators

• Leonid S. Revin,
• Dmitry A. Pimanov,
• Alexander V. Chiginev,
• Anton V. Blagodatkin,
• Viktor O. Zbrozhek,
• Andrey V. Samartsev,
• Anastasia N. Orlova,
• Dmitry V. Masterov,
• Alexey E. Parafin,
• Victoria Yu. Safonova,
• Anna V. Gordeeva,
• Andrey L. Pankratov,
• Leonid S. Kuzmin,
• Anatolie S. Sidorenko,
• Silvia Masi and
• Paolo de Bernardis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 26–36, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.3

• –frequency characteristics of resonant bolometers was set up as follows: The generator chip with JJs was mounted on the sample holder with a 4 mm Si hyperhemispherical lens thermally coupled with a 2.7 K cryostat plate. The control magnetic field required to create a flux-flow regime in a long Josephson

TEM sample preparation of lithographically patterned permalloy nanostructures on silicon nitride membranes

• Joshua Williams,
• Michael I. Faley,
• Joseph Vimal Vas,
• Peng-Han Lu and
• Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1–12, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.1

• . Finally, we observed the vortex dynamics of the Py nanodisk under magnetic fields using LTEM and off-axis electron holography. A correlation between preparation methods and the properties of the Py nanostructures was made. Keywords: electron holography; Lorentz transmission electron microscopy; magnetic

• in Py nanodisks [1][2] with independent polarity and helicity [3]. Since then, many studies have been done on manipulating magnetic vortices inside Py nanodisks using micromagnetic simulations [4][5][6] and a variety of magnetic measurement techniques including magnetic force microscopy [7

• ], transmission electron microscopy (TEM) [1][8][9][10][11], scanning transmission X-ray microscopy [12][13], and magneto-optical Kerr effect microscopy [14][15]. Possible applications of Py nanodisks were proposed for zero-hysteresis magnet sensors, magnetic logic devices, and data storage [16]. Py is a nickel

A bifunctional superconducting cell as flux qubit and neuron

• Dmitrii S. Pashin,
• Pavel V. Pikunov,
• Marina V. Bastrakova,
• Andrey E. Schegolev,
• Nikolay V. Klenov and
• Igor I. Soloviev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1116–1126, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.92

• ][30][31][32]. Furthermore, a natural extension of current progress would be the use of “quantum” degrees of freedom for adiabatic superconducting circuits, which share many similarities with qubits in terms of their representation of information via magnetic flux. From a formal point of view, the

• system under consideration is a superconducting circuit in a quantum state, transforming the input magnetic flux Φin into an output magnetic flux Φout according to a specific (e.g., sigmoidal) function Φout = f(Φin) [33][34]. If we only want to use the circuit in the “classical” neuromorphic mode, the

• transfer characteristic should be such that small fluctuations at the input do not produce a noticeable response, but above a certain threshold, any signal at the input produces a fixed magnetic flux at the output. Also, if it were possible to adapt the ASL cell in a perceptron to process the signal from a

A visible-light photodetector based on heterojunctions between CuO nanoparticles and ZnO nanorods

• Doan Nhat Giang,
• Nhat Minh Nguyen,
• Duc Anh Ngo,
• Thanh Trang Tran,
• Le Thai Duy,
• Cong Khanh Tran,
• Thi Thanh Van Tran,
• Phan Phuong Ha La and
• Vinh Quang Dang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1018–1027, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.84

• temperature. Then, 1 mL HNO3 solution was added dropwise into this mixture under vigorous magnetic stirring. After annealing at 180 °C for 18 h, the black precipitate was washed several times and centrifuged (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S2). The formation of nanoparticles was observed through the

Exploring internal structures and properties of terpolymer fibers via real-space characterizations

• Michael R. Roenbeck and
• Kenneth E. Strawhecker

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1004–1017, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.83

• , this distinction in fundamental chemistry has significant implications for the structures and properties of the resulting fibers. To date, structure–property characterizations of Technora® in the literature have primarily focused on (i) X-ray diffraction (XRD), (ii) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR

• voltage and current of 16 kV and 3.3 nA, respectively. After FIB notching, specimens were mounted onto magnetic discs with double-sided tape as shown (Figure 1c) for AFM characterization [9]. The internal fiber surfaces produced by FIB notching closely match corresponding surfaces obtained using other

Nanoarchitectonics of photothermal materials to enhance the sensitivity of lateral flow assays

• Elangovan Sarathkumar,
• Rajasekharan S. Anjana and
• Ramapurath S. Jayasree

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 988–1003, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.82

• , and magnetic materials [18][19]. Among them, noble metal nanostructures are a new class of photothermal nanomaterials with favourable characteristics to increase the sensitivity of an assay. For example, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) can generate a strong heat signal in addition to the visual colour

• , iron oxide nanoparticles are the most prominent ones because of their biocompatibility, low toxicity, ease of synthesis, and high photothermal conversion efficiency. The influence of a magnetic field can also increase temperature generation by such nanoparticles, which is called magnetic hyperthermia

• a low-power laser source. In a multimodal system of gold, iron oxide, and graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles, the photothermal properties of graphene, the magnetic properties of iron oxide, and the surface plasmon resonance of gold enable multiple functions in a single system. The presence of gold

Low temperature atomic layer deposition of cobalt using dicobalt hexacarbonyl-1-heptyne as precursor

• Mathias Franz,
• Mahnaz Safian Jouzdani,
• Lysann Kaßner,
• Marcus Daniel,
• Frank Stahr and
• Stefan E. Schulz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 951–963, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.78

• copper-based local interconnects. In consequence, other metals such as tungsten and cobalt are used to replace copper. Recent studies show a line resistance benefit of cobalt compared to tungsten [2][3][4][5]. Because of its ferromagnetism, cobalt is a frequently used metal for magnetic sensor systems

Upscaling the urea method synthesis of CoAl layered double hydroxides

• Camilo Jaramillo-Hernández,
• Víctor Oestreicher,
• Martín Mizrahi and
• Gonzalo Abellán

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 927–938, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.76

• CoAl-LDH synthesis method. We thoroughly study the effects of the mass scale-up (25-fold: up to 375 mM) and the volumetric scale-up (20-fold: up to 2 L). For this, we use a combination of several structural (XRD, TGA, and N2 and CO2 isotherms), microscopic (SEM, TEM, and AFM), magnetic (SQUID), and

• experiments and further characterization in Figure S5 and Figure S6, Supporting Information File 1). Regarding sample x10M, the asymmetry of the (003) reflection observed in PXRD can be an indicator of the presence of an impurity. Furthermore, we have characterized these samples by conventional SQUID magnetic

• measurements. Despite the acute differences in the magnetic behavior of Co-based LDH and simonkolleite-like α-LH [46][54][55], the impurities do not lead to significant changes beyond slight variations in the DC magnetic susceptibility and the out-of-phase contribution of the dynamic susceptibility (Figure S7

Green SPIONs as a novel highly selective treatment for leishmaniasis: an in vitro study against Leishmania amazonensis intracellular amastigotes

• Brunno R. F. Verçoza,
• Robson R. Bernardo,
• Luiz Augusto S. de Oliveira and
• Juliany C. F. Rodrigues

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 893–903, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.73

• , the ability for magnetic manipulation, the possibility of being used in magnetic resonance imaging, and the ability to generate controlled heat non-invasively when exposed to an alternating magnetic field [7][8]. In 2019, our group published an article describing a low-cost green synthesis of SPIONs

• to develop new topical treatments can mean a revolution. SPIONs could be used for topical application, associated with drugs and combined or not with thermotherapy by magnetic hyperthermia. Furthermore, the treatment can be applied to the localized cutaneous lesion, making the treatment more specific

• ). Discussion SPIONs represent a new approach to diagnosing and treating diseases, particularly when associated with magnetic hyperthermia, an emerging form of active treatment [14][15][16][17][18]. However, despite all their potential, the synthesis processes of the SPIONs are characterized by being expensive

Investigations on the optical forces from three mainstream optical resonances in all-dielectric nanostructure arrays

• Guangdong Wang and
• Zhanghua Han

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 674–682, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.53

• the surface of a torus along its meridians, which excite a set of magnetic dipoles (MDs) arranged head-to-tail into a closed loop [5]. First proposed by Zel'dovich in atomic physics [6], and existing widely in elementary particles and condensed matter, such as multiferroic materials [7], the TD cannot

• interact directly with electromagnetic waves and is often masked by electric dipoles (EDs) or magnetic dipoles (MDs) with stronger responses. However, the TD has a unique current distribution, which can generate a strong near-field localization effect, so it has broad application scenarios [8]. The anapole

• perpendicular to and pointing toward the outside of the surface, and ⟨Tij⟩ is the time-averaged MST [18] defined by where the indices i and j denote x, y, or z components of the electric or magnetic field; εr and μr are the relative permittivity and the relative permeability of the surrounding medium

Metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials as opto-electrochemical sensors for the detection of antibiotics and hormones: A review

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo,
• Saba Derakhshan Oskouei and
• Mustafa Gazi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 631–673, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.52

ZnO-decorated SiC@C hybrids with strong electromagnetic absorption

• Liqun Duan,
• Zhiqian Yang,
• Yilu Xia,
• Xiaoqing Dai,
• Jian’an Wu and
• Minqian Sun

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 565–573, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.47

• ]. Nevertheless, the EM absorption of most SiC-based absorbers with heterostructures is far from satisfactory [21][22][23]. In our previous work, SiC@C nanowires have been successfully obtained by surface carbonization of SiC nanowires [24]. Carbon materials are prone to bond with other dielectric or magnetic

• ZnNO3·6H2O (0.5, 1, 2, 3, and 4 mmol), 50 mL H2O, and 8 mL PEG were mixed together. After that, 40 mg SiC@C nanowires was added to the above solution, followed by magnetic stirring for 20 min. At 60 °C, NH3·H2O was added dropwise until pH 9–10. After 2 h of continual stirring, the products were obtained

Observation of multiple bulk bound states in the continuum modes in a photonic crystal cavity

• Rui Chen,
• Yi Zheng,
• Xingyu Huang,
• Qiaoling Lin,
• Chaochao Ye,
• Meng Xiong,
• Martijn Wubs,
• Yungui Ma,
• Minhao Pu and
• Sanshui Xiao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 544–551, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.45

• field vectors. The annular E field distribution of the mode corresponds to a magnetic dipole (MD) with its dipole moment along the vertical direction. The symmetry nature of the MD is incompatible with the illumination waves. Hence, a BIC mode is formed at the Г point. By changing the in-plane k vector

• modes localized near (pπ/Leff, qπ/Leff) in the first quadrant. The locations in momentum space and the magnetic field (H field) distributions of several of the lowest-order Mpq modes are drawn in Figure 2c and Figure 2d, respectively. The mode indices and eigenwavelengths are marked in each mode pattern

• . The yellow dashed squares represent region A in the devices. The eigenmodes of the bandgap mirror-assisted finite-size BIC structure are calculated and shown in Figure 2d. This part of the simulation was performed using Ansys Lumerical FDTD. In the simulation, a magnetic dipole cloud with momentum

Specific absorption rate of randomly oriented magnetic nanoparticles in a static magnetic field

• Ruslan A. Rytov and
• Nikolai A. Usov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 485–493, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.39

• simulations using the stochastic Landau–Lifshitz equation are performed to study magnetization dynamics of dilute assemblies of iron oxide nanoparticles exposed to an alternating (ac) magnetic field with an amplitude Hac = 200 Oe and a frequency f = 300 kHz and a static (dc) magnetic field in the range Hdc

• = 0–800 Oe. The specific absorption rate (SAR) of the assemblies is calculated depending on the angle between the directions of the ac and dc magnetic fields. For the case of an inhomogeneous dc magnetic field created by two opposite magnetic fluxes, the spatial distribution of the SAR in the vicinity

• of the field-free point is obtained for assemblies with different nanoparticle size distributions. The results obtained seem to be helpful for the development of a promising joint application of magnetic nanoparticle imaging and magnetic hyperthermia. Keywords: dynamic hysteresis loop; magnetic

Molecular nanoarchitectonics: unification of nanotechnology and molecular/materials science

• Katsuhiko Ariga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 434–453, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.35

• tip was brought close enough to obtain a single-atom conductance gap, it was retracted and silicon atoms were removed. A perpendicular magnetic field was applied to explore physical phenomena such as Kondo resonance. The nanoarchitectonics of magnetic topological states due to spin polarization in

• various low-dimensional nanostructures will be synthesized by this on-surface synthetic nanoarchitectonics. The bottom-up synthesis of graphene nanoribbons on surfaces has attracted much attention due to their high electronic, optical, and magnetic properties. Sakaguchi and co-workers have synthesized

Plasmonic nanotechnology for photothermal applications – an evaluation

• A. R. Indhu,
• L. Keerthana and
• Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 380–419, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.33

• well as through a coefficient for covering partial electric and magnetic waves (for the multipole orders). The extinction cross section is then given by where Here, ψ and ξj are the Riccatti–Bessel functions, and J and Y are Bessel functions of the first and second order, respectively, m is the

Polymer nanoparticles from low-energy nanoemulsions for biomedical applications

• Santiago Grijalvo and
• Carlos Rodriguez-Abreu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 339–350, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.29

• the absolute value of the surface zeta potential as a result of charge screening. Hydrophobic (oleic acid-coated) magnetic nanoparticles have also been incorporated into PLGA nanoparticles prepared from Kolliphor® EL and Polysorbate 80 nanoemulsions [59]. The starting nanoemulsions had an average

• hydrodynamic droplet diameter of ca. 230 nm for Kolliphor® EL and ca. 125 nm for Polysorbate 80, whereas the size of the resulting hybrid nanoparticles was ca. 40 and 20 nm, respectively, as determined from TEM. The magnetic loading reached up to ca. 20 wt %, and therefore the hybrids could be useful for

• imaging and magnetic hyperthermia. These particle sizes were smaller than those obtained by high-energy methods (i.e., sonication) [60]. The presence of PLGA in the oil (organic phase) impacts the phase behavior of surfactant systems and thus the phase transitions that take place upon water addition to

Bismuth-based nanostructured photocatalysts for the remediation of antibiotics and organic dyes

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo and
• Faisal Suleiman Mustafa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 291–321, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.26

• plasmonic and photocatalytic properties. The typical and most recently applied bismuth-based nanostructure photocatalysts are depicted in Figure 2. Structural, optoelectronic, and magnetic properties Bismuth's peculiar optical, electronic, and more recently discovered photocatalytic and plasmonic properties

• distorted rhombohedral perovskite structure (ABO3), where A is a corner cation, B is a body-centred middle atom, and O is an oxygen atom or anions attached to the crystal faces. BiFeO3 has strong magnetic and multiferroic, and sufficient photocatalytic properties due to this unique structure. BiFeO3 is an

• lowering the cost of treatment. Aside from its magnetic and optical properties, BiFeO3 also exhibits piezoelectric characteristics, photovoltaic effects, switchable ferroelectric diode effects, and spontaneous polarisation enhancement. It is also sensitive to epitaxial strain [88]. Given its intriguing

Biocatalytic synthesis and ordered self-assembly of silica nanoparticles via a silica-binding peptide

• Mustafa Gungormus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 280–290, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.25

• molecular crowding-like effects, preventing efficient assembly of the particles. Therefore, tailoring intermolecular interactions between nanoparticles by modifying the particle surfaces or through external influences such as temperature, pH value, templates, and magnetic or flow fields, is important to

Recent progress in cancer cell membrane-based nanoparticles for biomedical applications

• Qixiong Lin,
• Yueyou Peng,
• Yanyan Wen,
• Xiaoqiong Li,
• Donglian Du,
• Weibin Dai,
• Wei Tian and
• Yanfeng Meng

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 262–279, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.24

• ., ultrasound, light, radiofrequency, microwave, and magnetic field energy) into heat and increase the temperature in tumor tissues [93][94]. Cancer cells are more sensitive to heating than normal cells. As a result, apoptosis of cancer cells is greater than that of normal tissue when heated above 40 °C [79][95

• drug release and photothermal cell killing were realized [78]. Magnetic hyperthermia (MHT) is another hyperthermia strategy, which generates heat under the excitation of a magnetic field [98]. Magnetic NPs have shown promise in diagnosis and therapeutic effects due to their multiple functions (e.g

• ., magnetic resonance imaging, heat production, magnetic manipulation, and enzyme mimics) [99]. Tumor ablation based on magnetothermy is safe for humans as the energy of the magnetic field is only absorbed by magnetic NPs and not by normal tissue [79]. However, magnetic NPs are prone to aggregation and

Nanotechnology – a robust tool for fighting the challenges of drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer

• Filip Gorachinov,
• Fatima Mraiche,
• Diala Alhaj Moustafa,
• Ola Hishari,
• Yomna Ismail,
• Jensa Joseph,
• Maja Simonoska Crcarevska,
• Marija Glavas Dodov,
• Nikola Geskovski and
• Katerina Goracinova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 240–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.23

Spin dynamics in superconductor/ferromagnetic insulator hybrid structures with precessing magnetization

• Yaroslav V. Turkin and
• Nataliya Pugach

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 233–239, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.22

• most preferable way to inject spin currents because of the absence of Joule heating. Moreover, proximity coupling between magnetic excitations plays a crucial role in ferromagnetic Josephson junctions [9][10][11][12] and mesoscopic structures [13]. Recent experimental research [5][8][14] shows that the

• interaction between the superconducting correlations and spin waves influences the dynamics of both superconducting and magnetic films. Interfacial exchange interaction between Cooper pairs and magnons results in a nonstationary induced magnetization and spin currents in the superconducting film and changes

• the magnetic excitation spectrum inside the ferromagnetic insulator [15]. Despite the large number of discussions in experimental works, there is no clear understanding of the interplay between superconducting and magnetic excitations inside proximity-coupled hybrid structures. That is why developing