Investigations on the optical forces from three mainstream optical resonances in all-dielectric nanostructure arrays

• Guangdong Wang and
• Zhanghua Han

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 674–682, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.53

• supported, which are verified by the multipole decomposition analysis of the scattering power spectrum. Our numerical results show that the quasi-BIC resonance can produce a larger optical gradient force, which is about three orders of magnitude higher than those generated from the other two resonances. The

• two components (i.e., scattering force and gradient force [1]) and the motion of tiny particles within an optical field is determined by both of them. The scattering force originates from the photon momentum transferred to the particle caused by the scattering and absorption of photons. As a result

• , the scattering force is along the direction of light propagation, which is not conducive for object capturing. The gradient force is along the gradient direction of the non-uniform distribution of the light intensity in space, and is well-known for its application in optical tweezers [2]. Therein a

Thermal transport in kinked nanowires through simulation

• Alexander N. Robillard,
• Graham W. Gibson and
• Ralf Meyer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 586–602, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.49

• additional scattering of phonons at boundaries and cause interesting effects due to phonon reflections [12][13][14]. These effects are typically not seen at the macroscopic scale, but instead reflect the sophisticated nature of transport and finite sizes at the nano- and mesoscales. Recently, there have been

• distances without scattering off a surface. With a small ratio, we must take into account the nature of phonon scattering and reflection into our model of heat transport. This idea ties in to the familiar Knudsen number, Kn = λ/L, with λ being some transport mean free path and L being a measurement of the

• ratio of the radius to the system length. It is common in low-dimensional systems to find unimpeded ballistic heat transport being suppressed in systems with small radii or long lengths. In such scenarios, few ballistic transit paths make it through without scattering against a system boundary; the

ZnO-decorated SiC@C hybrids with strong electromagnetic absorption

• Liqun Duan,
• Zhiqian Yang,
• Yilu Xia,
• Xiaoqing Dai,
• Jian’an Wu and
• Minqian Sun

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 565–573, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.47

• materials possess a large number of three-dimensional gaps, which are generated by the stacked one-dimensional SiC nanowires and the ZnO particles. These gaps can lead to reflection or scattering losses when the microwaves enter (Figure 7a). Second, conductivity losses can occur in the carbon shell on the

• at 12.1 GHz. They attributed the good performance to the synergy of several mechanisms, including multiple reflection and scattering losses generated by the porous structure and dielectric losses (such as interfacial polarization between ZnO and carbon or between Co and carbon, as well as between

• synergy of dielectric losses (including conductive loss and polarization relaxations) and multiple reflection or scattering losses, enabling a promising EM absorbing nanomaterial. XRD diffractograms of all samples. TEM images of all samples. (a) SCZ4; (b–f) SCZ3; (c–f) HRTEM images with corresponding FFT

SERS performance of GaN/Ag substrates fabricated by Ag coating of GaN platforms

• Magdalena A. Zając,
• Bogusław Budner,
• Malwina Liszewska,
• Bartosz Bartosewicz,
• Łukasz Gutowski,
• Jan L. Weyher and
• Bartłomiej J. Jankiewicz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 552–564, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.46

• increases significantly from 4.8 × 105 for PLD_1_RT to 6.6 × 105 for PLD_4_RT. The PLD_2_RT substrate is characterized by the highest EF (16.0 × 105) in the entire series of the discussed substrates, which may result from Raman scattering enhancement on the pillars and spiky structures on the surface of the

• ), these structures are covered by a thicker layer of Ag and become lower and less visible. As a result, their contribution to the Raman scattering signal enhancement is smaller. A comparison of signal standard deviations of the SERS spectra obtained for PLD-fabricated substrates made at room temperature

Observation of multiple bulk bound states in the continuum modes in a photonic crystal cavity

• Rui Chen,
• Yi Zheng,
• Xingyu Huang,
• Qiaoling Lin,
• Chaochao Ye,
• Meng Xiong,
• Martijn Wubs,
• Yungui Ma,
• Minhao Pu and
• Sanshui Xiao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 544–551, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.45

• carried out to compensate for deviations between fabricated and designed values. To obtain devices with larger Q factors and higher scattering power, cavities with larger Na = 30 and Nb = 10 were fabricated. Optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images are given in Figure 3a. A microscope was

• refitted to test the scattering spectrum of the sample, as illustrated in Figure 3b. The yellow and red lines represent the imaging and measurement optical paths in the microscope. The imaging light path was utilized to adjust the illuminating position on the sample. In the measurement light path, a

• polarization-dependent beam splitter (PBS) is added, not only to combine incident and reflection light, but also to filter out the co-polarization component with the incident light. Only the scattering light possessing both polarization components can partially pass the PBS and be detected by the spectrometer

On the use of Raman spectroscopy to characterize mass-produced graphene nanoplatelets

• Keith R. Paton,
• Konstantinos Despotelis,
• Naresh Kumar,
• Piers Turner and
• Andrew J. Pollard

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 509–521, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.42

• application areas as an in-line process analysis and control method [9][10][11][12]. Raman spectroscopy is particularly suited to the analysis of graphitic materials because of the large scattering cross section of graphitic materials and the large amount of information obtainable from a single measurement

The origin of black and white coloration of the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae)

• Manuela Rebora,
• Gianandrea Salerno,
• Silvana Piersanti,
• Alexander Kovalev and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 496–508, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.41

• , diffraction and scattering, that cause the selective reflection of light [3]. Quite often, structural colors are present together with pigment colors, to increase or to reduce the brightness and to produce particular effects [4]. Insect exoskeletons with their multilayered internal organisation and the

• illumination (Figure 6). Enhanced reflection at 30° detection and distal illumination (compared with proximal illumination) (Figure 6a,b) should be related to the tilt angle of the individual scales (Figure 3a). There is also relative strong light scattering on the thin scale surface structure (Figure 3c–e

• weakest at perpendicular illumination. In UV spectral range, the light scattering has no specific trends (corresponding to, e.g., Rayleigh scattering), though absorption by molecules with aromatic groups might modulate the reflection. There are no pigments in the white scales (Figure 5d), so interference

Conjugated photothermal materials and structure design for solar steam generation

• Chia-Yang Lin and
• Tsuyoshi Michinobu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 454–466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.36

• multilayer PPy nanosheets, and this results in internal light scattering between the layers (Figure 6d). These multilayer nanosheets promote a broadband and wide-angle light absorption across the entire solar spectrum, thus increasing the solar thermal conversion efficiency to 95.33%. Polyaniline

• scattering. After crosslinking PANI, the porous hydrogel sample exhibited a broader and stronger absorption (98.5%) than the pure PEGDA sample, especially in the visible and near-infrared regions. Polydopamine: Polydopamine (PDA) has shown great potential in the field of solar-driven desalination due to its

Plasmonic nanotechnology for photothermal applications – an evaluation

• A. R. Indhu,
• L. Keerthana and
• Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 380–419, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.33

• effective localization of the incident photon energy, and the decay of this oscillation (through phenomena such as electron–electron, electron–phonon, and electron–surface scattering) releases the absorbed energy into the lattice as heat (or as photons), often making them efficient tunable PT energy

• materials [24][25]. Interaction of electromagnetic radiation with a material can lead to absorption, transmission, or scattering. Regarding scattering, elastic and inelastic scattering are the major classifications. Elastic scattering means conservation of the photon energy, in inelastic scattering, there

• are processes other than complete absorption through which photon energy can be transferred to a material. Elastic scattering is not relevant for PT applications as there is no transfer of energy into the material for heating. Absorption/inelastic scattering of electromagnetic radiation can lead to

The steep road to nonviral nanomedicines: Frequent challenges and culprits in designing nanoparticles for gene therapy

• Yao Yao,
• Yeongun Ko,
• Grant Grasman,
• Jeffery E. Raymond and
• Joerg Lahann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 351–361, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.30

• may arise from strong associations between carrier and payload [57]. Without careful deconvolution, the scattering signal from a particulate analyte can readily result in a high bias that compromises UV–vis-based analyses. Ambiguity can further be enhanced in fluorescence assays because of the

• determination of particle potency (NAT per NP). Other multiexperiment options, though time-consuming, may allow for the proper level of NP characterization. For example, the use of multi-angle light scattering [63], gravimetric analysis, and particle counting, if used in a concerted approach, can provide size

• , specifically for dose/particle calculations. Lastly, a volume or mass distribution should be presented. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) is often be used for the inspection of aqueous suspensions with results bedeviled by the normal constraints of DLS and ensemble detection [64]. Both disc centrifugation and

Polymer nanoparticles from low-energy nanoemulsions for biomedical applications

• Santiago Grijalvo and
• Carlos Rodriguez-Abreu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 339–350, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.29

• diameter dE = 50 ± 12 nm (estimated by cryo-TEM), whereas the diameter of the derived PLGA nanoparticles (dP) was 25 ± 7 nm as estimated from TEM [24], which gives a dP/dE ratio of 0.5. Higher dP/dE ratios were found by dynamic light scattering, especially at low polymer concentrations (note that the

• decreased with O/S ratio. The hydrodynamic diameter of the nanoemulsion droplets as measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS) was ca. 200 nm. It should be pointed out that ethyl acetate is a polar oil, and that the ethyl acetate/water interfacial tension is low (6.8 mN/m [41]). Usually, the excess

Bismuth-based nanostructured photocatalysts for the remediation of antibiotics and organic dyes

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo and
• Faisal Suleiman Mustafa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 291–321, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.26

• photocatalysts has no further effect on the degradation efficiency. More active sites are provided in the effluent solution with the addition of more photocatalysts to the treatment reactor, which favours the production of more photoinduced carriers. The turbidity of the solution as well as the light scattering

Biocatalytic synthesis and ordered self-assembly of silica nanoparticles via a silica-binding peptide

• Mustafa Gungormus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 280–290, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.25

• scattering (DLS). The efficiency of the self-assembly was evaluated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV–vis spectroscopy, and qualitative visual demonstration. Results and Discussion SiBP alone as catalyst Reaction kinetics were studied via OD measurements of the particles and GC analysis of

Spin dynamics in superconductor/ferromagnetic insulator hybrid structures with precessing magnetization

• Yaroslav V. Turkin and
• Nataliya Pugach

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 233–239, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.22

• . In metals, such a penetration is limited by the spin flip scattering, while inside the superconductor, the spin relaxation time is usually much longer. Thus, induced magnetization and spin current in our problem are determined mainly by the competition between spin singlet and spin triplet orders [34

Concentration-dependent photothermal conversion efficiency of gold nanoparticles under near-infrared laser and broadband irradiation

• Vikas,
• Raj Kumar and
• Sanjeev Soni

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 205–217, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.20

• GNPs, the scattering increases in relation to the absorption [30]. Also, with an increase in the concentration of GNPs, the absorption of the incident radiation occurs predominantly in the first few layers of the suspension [31], and there may be interparticle coupling of plasmon reponses, which can be

Structural, optical, and bioimaging characterization of carbon quantum dots solvothermally synthesized from o-phenylenediamine

• Zoran M. Marković,
• Milica D. Budimir,
• Martin Danko,
• Dušan D. Milivojević,
• Pavel Kubat,
• Danica Z. Zmejkoski,
• Vladimir B. Pavlović,
• Marija M. Mojsin,
• Milena J. Stevanović and
• Biljana M. Todorović Marković

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 165–174, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.17

• exponential function excluding the initial part influenced by light scattering, fluorescence, and the formation of singlet oxygen from excited states of CQDs. Singlet oxygen generation was investigated by UV–vis probe measurements of solutions of 1,3- diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) ethanol (20 µM) as well [52

Combining physical vapor deposition structuration with dealloying for the creation of a highly efficient SERS platform

• Adrien Chauvin,
• Walter Puglisi,
• Damien Thiry,
• Cristina Satriano,
• Rony Snyders and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 83–94, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.10

• Nanostructured noble metal thin films are highly studied for their interesting plasmonic properties. The latter can be effectively used for the detection of small and highly diluted molecules by the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect. Regardless of impressive detection limits achieved, synthesis

• cost-efficient methods. Compared to in-lab standard methods used for pollutant analysis (i.e., chromatography and mass spectrometry), surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based sensors have emerged as important candidates due to their rapidity, portability, and cost-effectiveness [1][2]. These SERS

• energy of 23 eV. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering measurements Raman measurements were performed with a Senterra Bruker micro-Raman spectrometer using a 533 nm excitation laser line with an acquisition time of 10 s. The power was fixed to 0.2 mW and focused on the sample with a ×50 objective. Rhodamine

Frontiers of nanoelectronics: intrinsic Josephson effect and prospects of superconducting spintronics

• Anatolie S. Sidorenko,
• Horst Hahn and
• Vladimir Krasnov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 79–82, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.9

• scattering times has been carried out [27]. In addition, the volume also highlights some other interesting effects in S/F functional nanostructures, which may be implemented in future spintronics devices. The concept of this thematic issue was developed during the International SPINTECH Conference “NANO-2021

Upper critical magnetic field in NbRe and NbReN micrometric strips

• Zahra Makhdoumi Kakhaki,
• Antonio Leo,
• Federico Chianese,
• Loredana Parlato,
• Giovanni Piero Pepe,
• Angela Nigro,
• Carla Cirillo and
• Carmine Attanasio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 45–51, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.5

• two effects is given in the theory by the Maki parameter [19][22]. Alternatively, it could be convenient to express α in terms of normal-state properties [19][22][23]. In this case, α = 3/(2kF) [24] where kF is the Fermi wave vector and is the mean free path. If spin–orbit scattering is also taken

• limit and assuming that spin–orbit scattering is negligible with respect to spin-independent scattering, the temperature dependence of Hc2 is given by the implicit equation [19] where t = T/Tc, . λso = ℏ/(3πkBTcτso) with τso being the mean free time for spin–orbit scattering. We have used Equation 1

The influence of structure and local structural defects on the magnetic properties of cobalt nanofilms

• Alexander Vakhrushev,
• Aleksey Fedotov,
• Olesya Severyukhina and
• Anatolie Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 23–33, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.3

• with a real structure has a less stable spin temperature behavior. The variation of this parameter in the range of 3–25 K indicates greater scattering and amplified oscillations of instantaneous values compared to those of the ideal structure case. Another macroscopic, but dependent on each atom

• values near the average thermostat target value. The system with the real structure has a less stable behavior of the spin temperature and a larger scattering of instantaneous values, which may indicate a less energetically stable state of the nanomaterial. Analyses of simulation results show that for

Two-step single-reactor synthesis of oleic acid- or undecylenic acid-stabilized magnetic nanoparticles by thermal decomposition

• Mykhailo Nahorniak,
• Pamela Pasetto,
• Jean-Marc Greneche,
• Volodymyr Samaryk,
• Sandy Auguste,
• Anthony Rousseau,
• Nataliya Nosova and
• Serhii Varvarenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 11–22, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.2

• , and composition via several techniques, such as transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy/attenuated total reflectance, 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The effect of unsaturated oleic (OA) and

• diameter, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering (Malvern Zetasizer Nano S, Palaiseau, France) were used. Transmission electron microscopy observations were conducted using a JEOL JEM 2100 HR microscope (Croissy Sur Seine, France) equipped with a LaB6 source, and

Electrical and optical enhancement of ITO/Mo bilayer thin films via laser annealing

• Abdelbaki Hacini,
• Ahmad Hadi Ali,
• Nurul Nadia Adnan and
• Nafarizal Nayan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1589–1595, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.133

• crystalline improvement leads to less light scattering in the metal layer [29][30]. Moreover, laser annealing reduces the defects, including grain boundaries and impurities, reducing light scattering and photon–electron interactions [29][30][31]. The optical bandgap energy Eg of ITO/Mo thin film was studied

From a free electron gas to confined states: A mixed island of PTCDA and copper phthalocyanine on Ag(111)

• Alfred J. Weymouth,
• Emily Roche and
• Franz J. Giessibl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1572–1577, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.131

• electron gas (2DEG) is that standing waves can be observed near defects as a result of scattering [13]. Sabitova et al. [11] acquired dI/dV images at various voltages above 0.6 V and observed wave-like patterns around the defects. We reproduced these measurements as can be seen in Figure S1, Supporting

• behaviour as seen in the PTCDA/Ag(111) interface state. We identify a state that appears to be an array of one-dimensional quantum wells based on its shape in the dI/dV spatial maps. However, we do not observe scattering at defects and conclude that it is localized laterally at the PTCDA molecules. Methods

• . Supporting Information The Supporting Information includes methods, scattering in a PTCDA island, raw data for Figure 2, additional dI/dV data, and locations of spectra taken in Figure 3. Supporting Information File 98: Additional experimental data. Acknowledgements We wish to acknowledge J. Lupton for

Facile preparation of Au- and BODIPY-grafted lipid nanoparticles for synergized photothermal therapy

• Yuran Wang,
• Xudong Li,
• Haijun Chen and
• Yu Gao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1432–1444, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.118

• aqueous suspension. The mixture was vortexed for 30 s and further sonicated for 10 min to obtain AB-LNPs. Characterization of AB-LNPs The size distributions and zeta potentials were measured using a dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique on Malvern Zetasizer (Malvern Instruments Ltd., UK). Ultraviolet

• monodispersity of Au-LNPs. Au-LNPs and AB-LNPs exhibited the Tyndall light-scattering effect, but free BDP did not show the Tyndall effect (Figure 1a), which further proving the successful formation of AB-LNPs. The optical spectra of AB-LNPs and free BDP are shown in Figure 1b. AB-LNPs showed no absorption peak

Density of states in the presence of spin-dependent scattering in SF bilayers: a numerical and analytical approach

• Tairzhan Karabassov,
• Valeriia D. Pashkovskaia,
• Nikita A. Parkhomenko,
• Anastasia V. Guravova,
• Elena A. Kazakova,
• Boris G. Lvov,
• Alexander A. Golubov and
• Andrey S. Vasenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1418–1431, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.117

• –orbit scattering. For practical reasons, we propose the analytical solution for the density of states in SF bilayers in the case of a thin ferromagnet and low transparency of the SF interface. This solution is confirmed by numerical calculations using a self-consistent two-step iterative method. The

• behavior of DOS dependencies on magnetic and spin–orbit scattering times is discussed. Keywords: density of states; Josephson junctions; proximity effect; superconductivity; superconductor/ferromagnet hybrid nanostructures; Introduction It is well-known that superconductivity can be induced in a non

• sophisticated DOS structure since there is a non-zero exchange field, which causes spin-split densities of states for two spin populations of electrons [1][2][3][81]. More general considerations should also include possible spin-flips as well as spin–orbit scattering processes in the ferromagnetic region [82