Humidity-dependent wound sealing in succulent leaves of Delosperma cooperi – An adaptation to seasonal drought stress

• Olga Speck,
• Mark Schlechtendahl,
• Florian Borm,
• Tim Kampowski and
• Thomas Speck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 175–186, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.20

• load cell with a maximum load of 10 N and a resolution of ±10 mN (model 31E, Honeywell, Columbus, OH, USA) and two sample holders (aluminium platelets) on opposite sides. The platelets were fitted with holes for easy mounting onto the tensile apparatus via a pinhole assembly. Experimental control and

Electron beam induced deposition of silacyclohexane and dichlorosilacyclohexane: the role of dissociative ionization and dissociative electron attachment in the deposition process

• Ragesh Kumar T P,
• Sangeetha Hari,
• Krishna K Damodaran,
• Oddur Ingólfsson and
• Cornelis W. Hagen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2376–2388, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.237

• size of the interaction volume in a pillar does not necessarily have to be the same as in the bulk, because of the reduced scattering in a pillar. For example, the Monte Carlo simulated mean electron penetration depth for 20 keV electrons in a flat aluminium substrate is 3200 nm [42] while the

• , CAS No. 2406-34-0) was purchased from Gelest Inc, Morrisville PA, US. Silacyclohexane (SCH) was synthesized from DCSCH by following our reported procedure with a slight modification [35]. Briefly, a solution of 1,1-dichloro-1-silacyclohexane in diethyl ether was added dropwise to a lithium aluminium

Increasing the stability of DNA nanostructure templates by atomic layer deposition of Al₂O₃ and its application in imprinting lithography

• Hyojeong Kim,
• Kristin Arbutina,
• Anqin Xu and
• Haitao Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2363–2375, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.236

• resistive to UV/O3 oxidation. The ALD-coated DNA templates were used for a direct pattern transfer to poly(L-lactic acid) films. Keywords: aluminium oxide (Al2O3); atomic layer deposition; DNA nanostructure; nanofabrication; nanoimprint lithography; pattern transfer; polymer stamp; replica molding

A comparative study of the nanoscale and macroscale tribological attributes of alumina and stainless steel surfaces immersed in aqueous suspensions of positively or negatively charged nanodiamonds

• Colin K. Curtis,
• Antonin Marek,
• Alex I. Smirnov and
• Jacqueline Krim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2045–2059, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.205

• friction measurements all surfaces were cleaned in ethanol and then DI water. 5 MHz polished QCM crystals (1” diameter) with either stainless steel (SS304; part number QM1022) or aluminium (part number QM1010) electrodes on the liquid facing side were purchased from Fil-Tech (Boston, MA). The QCM’s were

A systematic study of the controlled generation of crystalline iron oxide nanoparticles on graphene using a chemical etching process

• Peter Krauß,
• Jörg Engstler and
• Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2017–2025, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.202

• (Air Liquide). After synthesis, the setup was purged with argon and cooled to 450 °C for extraction of samples. All parameters were optimized for the synthesis of vertically aligned CNTs on SiO2/Si coated with aluminium and iron [45][46][47]. Materials analysis Graphene transferred onto SiO2/Si wafers

Laser processing of thin-film multilayer structures: comparison between a 3D thermal model and experimental results

• Babak B. Naghshine and
• Amirkianoosh Kiani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1749–1759, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.176

• growth by laser processing even more attractive. Conclusion The model introduced in this paper is able to precisely predict the ablation depth and temperature field of the thin-film coated samples processed by a single nanosecond pulse. Silicon substrates coated with gold and aluminium thin films and

Group-13 and group-15 doping of germanane

• Nicholas D. Cultrara,
• Maxx Q. Arguilla,
• Shishi Jiang,
• Chuanchuan Sun,
• Michael R. Scudder,
• R. Dominic Ross and
• Joshua E. Goldberger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1642–1648, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.164

• –10 days. CaGe2 crystals were collected and placed in concentrated HCl at −40 °C for more than 8 days resulting in flakes having lateral dimensions of 5 × 5 mm. To prepare extrinsically doped CaGe2, elemental aluminium (Johnson Matthey Electronics 99.9%), gallium (Acros 99.9%), arsenic (Sigma 99.999

• monochromatic aluminium X-ray gun. Samples were mounted in a glovebox and then stored in ambient atmosphere for 1, 4 and 8 days to determine the stability in air. Fourier transform infrared spectra were collected with a Perkin-Elmer frontier dual-range FIR/Mid-IR spectrometer that was loaded in an Ar-filled

Light-induced magnetoresistance in solution-processed planar hybrid devices measured under ambient conditions

• Sreetama Banerjee,
• Daniel Bülz,
• Danny Reuter,
• Karla Hiller,
• Dietrich R. T. Zahn and
• Georgeta Salvan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1502–1507, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.150

• temperature and in low magnetic fields of several milliteslas [2]. Several organic semiconductors consisting of small molecules such as aluminium-tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) (Alq3) [3][4], pentacene [5], α-sexithiophene [6] or even conjugated polymers such as poly(N-vinyl carbazole) and poly (p-phenylene

Fabrication of hierarchically porous TiO₂ nanofibers by microemulsion electrospinning and their application as anode material for lithium-ion batteries

• Jin Zhang,
• Yibing Cai,
• Xuebin Hou,
• Xiaofei Song,
• Pengfei Lv,
• Huimin Zhou and
• Qufu Wei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1297–1306, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.131

• electrospun into nanofibers by a custom-made electrospinning setup consisting of a high voltage power supply, a syringe pump and a grounded nanofiber collector covered with aluminium foil. During electrospinning, a positive voltage of 20 kV was applied between the needle tip and grounded collector at a

Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and thermogravimetric analysis of two series of substituted (metallo)tetraphenylporphyrins

• Rasha K. Al-Shewiki,
• Carola Mende,
• Roy Buschbeck,
• Pablo F. Siles,
• Oliver G. Schmidt,
• Tobias Rüffer and
• Heinrich Lang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1191–1204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.121

• , which were based on tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato)aluminium (Alq3) sandwiched between La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 and cobalt electrodes, was reported more than a decade ago [5]. This finding motivated the development of further novel devices as, for example, spin-OFETs (organic field effect transistors) [4]. The nature

Synthesis of coaxial nanotubes of polyaniline and poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) by oxidative/initiated chemical vapor deposition

• Alper Balkan,
• Efe Armagan and
• Gozde Ozaydin Ince

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 872–882, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.89

• temperature (25–100 °C), adequate electrical conductivity for a wide range of applications and high-quality conformal CP thin films on various non-planar surfaces [39][40][41]. In this study, the vapor-phase oCVD and iCVD techniques were used to conformally coat the walls of the pores of anodized aluminium

Liquid permeation and chemical stability of anodic alumina membranes

• Dmitrii I. Petukhov,
• Dmitrii A. Buldakov,
• Alexey A. Tishkin,
• Alexey V. Lukashin and
• Andrei A. Eliseev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 561–570, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.60

• -soluble alumina species to the permeate side of membrane during water filtration, encouraging possible blockage of channels. The effect is strongly enhanced by a slight gradient of pH within the pore due to the neutralization reaction by dissolved aluminium oxide. The physical blockage of AAO nanochannels

• can block the channels itself, this process can unlikely be considered favourable, especially at basic pH values, as an unbound aluminium hydroxide would be dissolved much more easily than the alumina of the pore walls. The condensation of the hydrolysis products fits with the experimental results

• . The electrolyte was pumped through the cell by a peristaltic pump, and its temperature was kept in the range of 0–2 °C during anodization. For the preparation of membranes with an average pore diameter of 40 nm and 90 nm, aluminium was anodized in 0.3 M H2C2O4 (98%, Aldrich) under mild and hard

Anodization-based process for the fabrication of all niobium nitride Josephson junction structures

• Massimiliano Lucci,
• Ivano Ottaviani,
• Matteo Cirillo,
• Fabio De Matteis,
• Roberto Francini,
• Vittorio Merlo and
• Ivan Davoli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 539–546, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.58

• and tune, in a timely fashion, the chemical composition of the plasma in a sputtering process has been applied to grow thin films of niobium nitride and aluminium nitride. The advantage of this optical spectroscopy technique is that the control of the chemical composition of the film is no longer

Multimodal cantilevers with novel piezoelectric layer topology for sensitivity enhancement

• Steven Ian Moore,
• Michael G. Ruppert and
• Yuen Kuan Yong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 358–371, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.38

• aluminium is deposited on the device layer. A particular limitation of this process in the context of AFM is that it does not allow for the fabrication of tips preventing the demonstration of imaging using these cantilevers. The material properties of the silicon used in the analysis are an elastic modulus

Phosphorus-doped silicon nanorod anodes for high power lithium-ion batteries

• Chao Yan,
• Qianru Liu,
• Jianzhi Gao,
• Zhibo Yang and
• Deyan He

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 222–228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.24

• conditions described in the experimental section. Before the measurement, coplanar aluminium electrodes with a length of 1 cm and a spacing of 0.5 mm were deposited on the Si film by electron-beam evaporation combined with a mask. Then, after an annealing treatment, the conductivity of the film was measured

When the going gets rough – studying the effect of surface roughness on the adhesive abilities of tree frogs

• Niall Crawford,
• Thomas Endlein,
• Jonathan T. Pham,
• Mathis Riehle and
• W. Jon P. Barnes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2116–2131, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.201

• topographic features (random asperities and regular patterns). For whole animal tilting experiments, the rough surfaces (35 × 21 cm) used consisted of eight different grades of polishing discs and sandpaper (made from Aluminium oxide) from multiple sources (3M, USA; Norton abrasives, France; Ultratec, USA), a

Intercalation and structural aspects of macroRAFT agents into MgAl layered double hydroxides

• Dessislava Kostadinova,
• Ana Cenacchi Pereira,
• Muriel Lansalot,
• Franck D’Agosto,
• Elodie Bourgeat-Lami,
• Fabrice Leroux,
• Christine Taviot-Guého,
• Sylvian Cadars and
• Vanessa Prevot

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2000–2012, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.191

• hydrophilic random copolymers of acrylic acid (AA) and n-butyl acrylate (BA) with molar masses ranging from 2000 to 4200 g mol−1 synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, into LDH containing magnesium(II) and aluminium(III) intralayer cations and nitrates as

• using an emulsion polymerization process [49]. Experimental Magnesium and aluminium nitrate salts, Mg(NO3)2·6H2O and Al(NO3)3·9H2O were of analytical grade (Acros Organics, Merck). Acrylic acid (AA, Aldrich, 99%), n-butyl acrylate (BA, 99%, stabilized, Acros Organics), 1,4-dioxane (Sigma-Aldrich, puriss

• (CTPPA) was synthesized following a protocol reported in the literature [50]. Preparation of MgAl-NO3-LDH precursor. LDH containing magnesium(II) and aluminium(III) metal cations and nitrate interlayer anions were prepared by flash coprecipitation followed by hydrothermal treatment [44][51][52

Ferromagnetic behaviour of ZnO: the role of grain boundaries

• Boris B. Straumal,
• Svetlana G. Protasova,
• Andrei A. Mazilkin,
• Eberhard Goering,
• Gisela Schütz,
• Petr B. Straumal and
• Brigitte Baretzky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1936–1947, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.185

• prepared. The Zn precursor was mixed, respectively, with Mn, Co, Ni or Fe butanoates in appropriate proportions (in order to obtain doped ZnO with dopant contents from 0.1 to 50 atom %). The mixture of liquid precursors was deposited on a substrate (aluminium polycrystalline foil or sapphire single

• magnetization per area unit (calibrated in emu/m2) on the film thickness (circles are pure zinc oxide, square is for ZnO doped by 10 atom % Mn) measured at room temperature. Insets show magnetic hysteresis for pure ZnO deposited on the sapphire single crystal (left) and on the aluminium polycrystal (right

Active and fast charge-state switching of single NV centres in diamond by in-plane Al-Schottky junctions

• Christoph Schreyvogel,
• Vladimir Polyakov,
• Sina Burk,
• Helmut Fedder,
• Andrej Denisenko,
• Felipe Fávaro de Oliveira,
• Ralf Wunderlich,
• Jan Meijer,
• Verena Zuerbig,
• Jörg Wrachtrup and
• Christoph E. Nebel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1727–1735, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.165

• state and hence of the optical and electronic properties of single and near-surface nitrogen-vacancy centres (NV centres) in diamond. This active manipulation is achieved by using a two-dimensional Schottky-diode structure from diamond, i.e., by using aluminium as Schottky contact on a hydrogen

• -terminated) diamond surface. A H-terminated diamond surface exhibits a two-dimensional hole channel a few nanometres below the surface and an aluminium (Al) contact forms a two-dimensional Schottky junction (i.e., in planar configuration) with the p-type surface conductive channel inducing a lateral hole

• channel, NV centres are quenched, i.e., switched to the nonfluorescent state NV+ as proved by PL-intensity mappings which show no bright spots (Figure 1d). For fabricating a two-dimensional Schottky diode structure, aluminium (Al) and gold (Au) contacts with a thickness of 200 nm each were deposited onto

Properties of Ni and Ni–Fe nanowires electrochemically deposited into a porous alumina template

• Alla I. Vorobjova,
• Dmitry L. Shimanovich,
• Kazimir I. Yanushkevich,
• Sergej L. Prischepa and
• Elena A. Outkina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1709–1717, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.163

• anodization of Al foil, as described in details elsewhere [35]. First, commercial aluminium foil (99.995%) with a size of 60 × 48 mm and a thickness of ca. 100 µm is annealed at 350 °C for 1 h. Then, the samples were electropolished in a mixture of chloric acid and acetic acid 1:4 (volumetric ratio) at T ≈ 8

Biomechanics of selected arborescent and shrubby monocotyledons

• Tom Masselter,
• Tobias Haushahn,
• Samuel Fink and
• Thomas Speck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1602–1619, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.154

• & Peschke, Nossen, Germany). To prevent slipping of the samples, they were fixed with all-purpose glue (Blitzschnelle Pipette, UHU GmbH & Co KG, Bühl, Germany) in four L-shaped aluminium brackets which then were clamped to the jaws of the testing device (Figure 2B). The free length (lfree) for each sample

• two aluminium plates (Figure 2C) at a distance of roughly 10 mm with all-purpose glue (Blitzschnelle Pipette, UHU, GmbH & Co KG, Bühl, Germany). Samples were kept in a box with wet paper tissue until testing to prevent the samples from drying. The tensile testing of the samples was performed at a

Nanostructured germanium deposited on heated substrates with enhanced photoelectric properties

• Ionel Stavarache,
• Valentin Adrian Maraloiu,
• Petronela Prepelita and
• Gheorghe Iordache

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1492–1500, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.142

• . Under these conditions, the resulted film thickness is about 250 nm after 30 min for deposition. For electrical, photoelectrical and speed time response measurements, an aluminium (Al) continuous back electrode and a top matrix of indium thin oxide (ITO) electrodes (9 mm2 in size) using the shadow

The influence of phthalocyanine aggregation in complexes with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots on the photophysical properties of the complexes

• Irina V. Martynenko,
• Anna O. Orlova,
• Vladimir G. Maslov,
• Anatoly V. Fedorov,
• Kevin Berwick and
• Alexander V. Baranov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1018–1027, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.94

• Technology, Dublin 8, Ireland 10.3762/bjnano.7.94 Abstract The formation of nonluminescent aggregates of aluminium sulfonated phthalocyanine in complexes with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots causes a decrease of the intracomplex energy transfer efficiency with increasing phthalocyanine concentration. This was

• ][21]. This statement was recently supported by the Nyokong group [22] where FRET efficiencies up to 93% were predicted in nanocomposites based on glutathione-capped CdTe/CdS/ZnS QDs covalently linked with aluminium sulfonated phthalocyanine. However, analysis of donor PL quenching and acceptor PL

• problem important for PDT application needs to be clarified. Water-soluble sulfonated phthalocyanine derivatives, especially aluminium and zinc complexes, are well-understood sensitizers for PDT and, at the same time, they easily form nonluminescent aggregates in aqueous solution [30][31][32][33][34]. So

Reconstitution of the membrane protein OmpF into biomimetic block copolymer–phospholipid hybrid membranes

• Matthias Bieligmeyer,
• Franjo Artukovic,
• Stephan Nussberger,
• Thomas Hirth,
• Thomas Schiestel and
• Michaela Müller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 881–892, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.80

• block copolymers. (A) Reaction scheme for the synthesis of poly(1,4-isoprene-block-ethylene oxide) block copolymers. Anionic polymerization of isoprene in toluene was initiated with sec-butyl lithium. Sequential polymerization of ethylene oxide was enabled by triisobutyl aluminium. (B) Size exclusion

Understanding interferometry for micro-cantilever displacement detection

• Alexander von Schmidsfeld,
• Tobias Nörenberg,
• Matthias Temmen and
• Michael Reichling

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 841–851, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.76

• area of 20 μm × 20 μm. A SPM1000 scan controller (RHK Technology Inc., Troy(MI) USA) is used to drive the scanning tube piezo, while a custom-built, low-noise power supply is used to position the fiber exactly at the optimal position. Most experiments are performed with three aluminium-coated silicon