Synthesis of rare-earth metal and rare-earth metal-fluoride nanoparticles in ionic liquids and propylene carbonate

• Marvin Siebels,
• Lukas Mai,
• Laura Schmolke,
• Kai Schütte,
• Juri Barthel,
• Junpei Yue,
• Jörg Thomas,
• Bernd M. Smarsly,
• Anjana Devi,
• Roland A. Fischer and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1881–1894, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.180

• (amd)3. The red and green bars are a guide to the eye on the binding-energy axis. Cyclic voltammetry of a half-cell with ErF3 as working electrode and lithium foil as counter electrode at the different cut-off potentials. The figures at the right represent magnifications of the two left figures. TEM

• )3. The red and green bars are a guide to the eye on the binding-energy axis. TEM images, particle-size histogram and EDX of 1.0 wt % Gd-NPs in PC from Gd(amd)3. HR-XPS of 1.0 wt % Gd-NPs in PC from Gd(amd)3. The red and green bars are a guide to the eye on the binding-energy axis. Synthesis of REF3

Absence of free carriers in silicon nanocrystals grown from phosphorus- and boron-doped silicon-rich oxide and oxynitride

• Daniel Hiller,
• Julian López-Vidrier,
• Keita Nomoto,
• Michael Wahl,
• Wolfgang Bock,
• Tomáš Chlouba,
• František Trojánek,
• Sebastian Gutsch,
• Margit Zacharias,
• Dirk König,
• Petr Malý and
• Michael Kopnarski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1501–1511, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.141

• offsets created by locally Si3N4 and SiO2 embedded Si-nanowires [61]). P- and B-concentrations as measured by MCs+-SIMS as function of PH3 to SiH4 gas flow ratio, or respectively, as function of B2H6 to SiH4 gas flow ratio for both SRO and SRON PECVD-recipes. The lines are just a guide to the eye to

• B-concentration, in SRO and SRON, normalized to the respective dopant-free samples. For SRO:B-samples the PL-intensities are corrected for the excess-Si content (open purple circles show the raw data). Lines are just a guide to the eye. For both dopants it is obvious that significant PL-quenching

Preparation and morphology-dependent wettability of porous alumina membranes

• Dmitry L. Shimanovich,
• Alla I. Vorobjova,
• Daria I. Tishkevich,
• Alex V. Trukhanov,
• Maxim V. Zdorovets and
• Artem L. Kozlovskiy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1423–1436, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.135

• triangles) – 65 µm; 4 (purple circles) – 75 µm. The inset shows an SEM image of the outer surface. The black dotted line is a polynomial fit shown as a guide to the eye for all data sets. Contact angle measurements for the back side of the PAM as a function of pore diameter for various membrane thicknesses

• . The black dotted lines are polynomial fits shown as a guide to the eye for selected data sets. Physical characteristics (average values) of the experimental samples (before etching, as-produced amorphous membrane). Contact angle values for as-made PAMs obtained in 0.3 M oxalic acid (type I and type II

Colorimetric detection of Cu²⁺ based on the formation of peptide–copper complexes on silver nanoparticle surfaces

• Gajanan Sampatrao Ghodake,
• Surendra Krishna Shinde,
• Rijuta Ganesh Saratale,
• Avinash Ashok Kadam,
• Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale,
• Asad Syed,
• Fuad Ameen and
• Dae-Young Kim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1414–1422, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.134

• insets of Figure 5. The increase in absorbance intensity at 520 nm was successfully used to quantify Cu2+, with a low intensity associated with the yellow dispersed AgNPs and a high intensity associated with the red colored aggregates of AgNPs. Moreover, these changes can be quantified with the naked eye

• . Involvement of the deprotonated amide groups in the coordination of Cu2+ was recently reported [28]. The LOD of the casein peptide-AgNPs is much lower than that of comparable methods (Table 1). A distinct color change was detectable by the naked eye at the smallest Cu2+ concentration of 0.4 μM. This

• spectra using a UV–vis spectrophotometer. This paper designates the sensing application of water-dispersible casein peptide-capped AgNPs as a sensing probe for the colorimetric detection of Cu2+ ions in water samples, and the color change is visible with the naked eye. When compared with alternative

Andreev spectrum and supercurrents in nanowire-based SNS junctions containing Majorana bound states

• Jorge Cayao,
• Annica M. Black-Schaffer,
• Elsa Prada and
• Ramón Aguado

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1339–1357, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.127

• visible to the naked eye, due to the finite length and, thus, due to the presence of the outer MBSs. The low-energy spectrum as a function of the superconducting phase difference for different values of the Zeeman field in long SNS junctions is presented in Figure 5 for LS ≤ 2ξM. Additionally, we show in

Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations

• Jaison Jeevanandam,
• Ahmed Barhoum,
• Yen S. Chan,
• Alain Dufresne and
• Michael K. Danquah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1050–1074, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.98

• human, animal, and plant activities by blocking and scattering the sunlight. The volcanically erupted particles may possess heavy metals that are toxic to humans [69]. The short-term effects of particles from volcanic eruptions include nose, throat, eye and skin irritations and bronchial symptoms, while

Gas-assisted silver deposition with a focused electron beam

• Luisa Berger,
• Katarzyna Madajska,
• Iwona B. Szymanska,
• Katja Höflich,
• Mikhail N. Polyakov,
• Jakub Jurczyk,
• Carlos Guerra-Nuñez and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 224–232, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.24

• line width of the FEB induced deposit was measured to 1 ± 0.1 µm by contrast to the eye. Figure 4b and 4c depict high magnification DF-STEM image of the top edge of the line. Particle numbers and sizes decrease towards the outer part of the line where the number of impinging electrons decreases. The

Laser-assisted fabrication of gold nanoparticle-composed structures embedded in borosilicate glass

• Nikolay Nedyalkov,
• Mihaela Koleva,
• Nadya Stankova,
• Rosen Nikov,
• Mitsuhiro Terakawa,
• Yasutaka Nakajima,
• Lyubomir Aleksandrov and
• Reni Iordanova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2454–2463, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.244

• nanoparticles in glass samples, we irradiated the samples with four wavelengths emitted by the Nd:YAG nanosecond laser. For each wavelength, a different laser fluence and number of pulses were used. In the 266 nm wavelength case, a clear change of the glass color was visible to the naked eye, namely, the

• -pulse processing Laser irradiation of the glass samples by femtosecond laser pulses at 800 nm gave rise to distinct coloration of the processed zones. The effect was visible to the naked eye using a wide range of fluences, starting from about 0.2 J/cm2 up to the ablation threshold of about 2.6 J/cm2

Comparing postdeposition reactions of electrons and radicals with Pt nanostructures created by focused electron beam induced deposition

• Julie A. Spencer,
• Michael Barclay,
• Miranda J. Gallagher,
• Robert Winkler,
• Ilyas Unlu,
• Yung-Chien Wu,
• Harald Plank,
• Lisa McElwee-White and
• D. Howard Fairbrother

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2410–2424, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.240

• underneath. The white outlines drawn in (f) and (g) are a guide to the eye to show the location of the deposit. AES for a deposit created from cis-Pt(CO)2Cl2 (top spectrum) and then subjected to alternating treatments with atomic hydrogen (PH2 ≈ 5 × 10−7 Torr), and argon ion sputtering (PAr ≈ 5 × 10−8 Torr

Robust procedure for creating and characterizing the atomic structure of scanning tunneling microscope tips

• Sumit Tewari,
• Koen M. Bastiaans,
• Milan P. Allan and
• Jan M. van Ruitenbeek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2389–2395, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.238

• points shown as red diamonds represent initial and final images of an adatom for 1000 mechanical annealing cycles. The black dashed curve is a guide to the eye showing an exponentially smooth transition to a circularly symmetric state.

Optical contrast and refractive index of natural van der Waals heterostructure nanosheets of franckeite

• Patricia Gant,
• Foad Ghasemi,
• David Maeso,
• Carmen Munuera,
• Elena López-Elvira,
• Riccardo Frisenda,
• David Pérez De Lara,
• Gabino Rubio-Bollinger,
• Mar Garcia-Hernandez and
• Andres Castellanos-Gomez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2357–2362, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.235

• (where the performance of the human eye is better [28]) are 75, 260 and 450 nm. Conclusion In summary, we presented a study of the optical identification of franckeite that is intended to be used as a guide for other researchers working on exfoliated franckeite. Our results allow one to determine the

Imidazolium-based ionic liquids used as additives in the nanolubrication of silicon surfaces

• Patrícia M. Amorim,
• Ana M. Ferraria,
• Rogério Colaço,
• Luís C. Branco and
• Benilde Saramago

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1961–1971, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.197

• the lubricated tests, the same normal load and scanning speed. The number of cycles used was 3100. In these tests it was observed that, after a very short running in period, the friction coefficient (CoF) stabilizes at a value of 0.7. Clear wear tracks could be observed, even with unaided eye, after

Process-specific mechanisms of vertically oriented graphene growth in plasmas

• Subrata Ghosh,
• Shyamal R. Polaki,
• Niranjan Kumar,
• Sankarakumar Amirthapandian,
• Mohamed Kamruddin and
• Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1658–1670, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.166

• VGNs grown at different substrate temperatures. (b) Values of full widths at half maximum (FWHM) of D, G, and G′ bands, and (c) residual stress and crystallite size as a function of the growth temperature. Solid lines are to guide the eye. Schematic of (a) effect of process parameters on the growth and

• ) variation of FWHM of D, G, and G′ band and (c) crystallite size and sp3 content with respect to the distance from the plasma source to the substrate. Solid lines are to guide the eye. Scanning electron micrographs of VGNs grown at microwave powers of (a) 200 W, (b) 250 W, (c) 320 W, (d) 375 W, (e) 425 W and

• (f) 475 W; (g) variation of the growth rate and intersheet spacing as a function of the microwave power. Solid lines are to guide the eye. (a) Raman spectra of VGNs grown at a microwave power of 200 W, 250 W, 320 W, 375 W, 425 W and 475 W; (b) variation of crystallite size and sp3 content as a

Charge transfer from and to manganese phthalocyanine: bulk materials and interfaces

• Florian Rückerl,
• Daniel Waas,
• Bernd Büchner,
• Martin Knupfer,
• Dietrich R. T. Zahn,
• Francisc Haidu,
• Torsten Hahn and
• Jens Kortus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1601–1615, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.160

• an hour, where an evaporation of surplus F4TCNQ could be seen even with bare eye [104]. Also, this procedure resulted in the formation of MnPc/F4TCNQ films with a well-defined composition and with well-defined spectral response, which signalled the homogeneity of the films. The composition was

A biofunctionalizable ink platform composed of catechol-modified chitosan and reduced graphene oxide/platinum nanocomposite

• Peter Sobolewski,
• Agata Goszczyńska,
• Małgorzata Aleksandrzak,
• Karolina Urbaś,
• Joanna Derkowska,
• Agnieszka Bartoszewska,
• Jacek Podolski,
• Ewa Mijowska and
• Mirosława El Fray

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1508–1514, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.151

• naked eye or under bright-field microscopy. As a result, in order to examine the printed structures and check for possible “coffee ring” formation, we utilized dark-field microscopy. We observed homogenous stripes, consistent with the design and tip dimensions. Figure 2 shows a representative dark-field

Miniemulsion copolymerization of (meth)acrylates in the presence of functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes for reinforced coating applications

• Bertha T. Pérez-Martínez,
• Lorena Farías-Cepeda,
• Víctor M. Ovando-Medina,
• José M. Asua,
• Lucero Rosales-Marines and
• Radmila Tomovska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1328–1337, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.134

• . Continuous lines are a guide to the eye. SEM images of the fractured surface of films made of MMA/BA/HEMA/MWCNT in situ hybrid latexes at different air-sonicated MWCNT loadings: (a) 0.1 wt % MWCNT; (b) 0.5 wt % MWCNT; (c,d) 1 wt % MWCNT under different magnifications. (a) Storage modulus and (b) loss modulus

Vapor-phase-synthesized fluoroacrylate polymer thin films: thermal stability and structural properties

• Paul Christian and
• Anna Maria Coclite

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 933–942, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.95

• fraction for various p-(PFDA-co-EGDMA) films in two temperature regions. The data points are interconnected by dashed lines as a guide to the eye. Supporting Information Supporting Information File 96: Additional experimental parameters and results. iCVD process parameters used in the sample deposition

Functional dependence of resonant harmonics on nanomechanical parameters in dynamic mode atomic force microscopy

• Federico Gramazio,
• Matteo Lorenzoni,
• Francesc Pérez-Murano,
• Enrique Rull Trinidad,
• Urs Staufer and
• Jordi Fraxedas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 883–891, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.90

• are guides to the eye. Experimental evolution of A6 vs E for PDMS (E = 0.0025 GPa), LDPE (E = 0.1 GPa), PS (E = 2.7 GPa), fused silica (E = 72.9 GPa), titanium (E = 110 GPa) and sapphire (E = 345 GPa) using a 10.9 N/m cantilever. (color online) (a) Experimental evolution of A6 as a function of the

The role of 2D/3D spin-polarization interactions in hybrid copper hydroxide acetate: new insights from first-principles molecular dynamics

• Ziyad Chaker,
• Guido Ori,
• Mauro Boero and
• Carlo Massobrio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 857–860, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.86

• system for S = 0 (black circles) and S = 8 (red pentagons) as a function of the pressure. Solid lines are guides to the eye. Acknowledgements We acknowledge computational facilities provided by HPC Equipe@MESO at the University of Strasbourg and the Idex Unistra program ”Investissements d’Avenir” (2015

Investigation of growth dynamics of carbon nanotubes

• Marianna V. Kharlamova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 826–856, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.85

Measuring adhesion on rough surfaces using atomic force microscopy with a liquid probe

• Juan V. Escobar,
• Cristina Garza and
• Rolando Castillo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 813–825, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.84

• the pull-off force between the array of sharp silicon peaks and a mercury drop (Figure 8b), the distribution is unimodal. A fit of the data to a log-normal curve that is an aid to the eye presents a maximum at about 60.02 pN. The unimodal distribution is a feature not observed in our colloidal-probe

• measurements. Finally, Figure 8d presents the distribution for the system composed of the multi-scaled rough diamond surface and the mercury drop. A log-normal fit to the data is also included as a guide to the eye and shows a maximum at 5.7 nN. Figure 8c and Figure 8e presents cumulative frequency charts for

• jump-off-contact in the withdrawal curve (4–4′). Pull-off force vs contact length; the red dash straight line is a guide to the eye. Right inset: A typical force-displacement curve on mica measured with a Si3N4 tip in vacuum. Left Inset: Typical image of an AFM Si3N4 tip obtained with a JSM5600

Anodization-based process for the fabrication of all niobium nitride Josephson junction structures

• Massimiliano Lucci,
• Ivano Ottaviani,
• Matteo Cirillo,
• Fabio De Matteis,
• Roberto Francini,
• Vittorio Merlo and
• Ivan Davoli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 539–546, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.58

• the substrate must be kept constantly below 120 °C. This often makes it necessary to alternate periods of sputtering with periods in which the sputtering is stopped. Eye inspection of the plasma during the sputtering reveals that the color of the glow discharge changes from blue to red with increasing

• exhibiting the largest variation as a function of the nitrogen inlet. In this specific case (Figure 1), we select the lines mentioned before, namely 337 nm for N2 and 416 nm for Nb. Figure 1 also shows how to quantify the color change visible by eye in the plasma and obtain a fine tuning of the composition

Copper atomic-scale transistors

• Fangqing Xie,
• Maryna N. Kavalenka,
• Moritz Röger,
• Daniel Albrecht,
• Hendrik Hölscher,
• Jürgen Leuthold and
• Thomas Schimmel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 530–538, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.57

• are the measured data and the lines are guides to the eye. Acknowledgements This work was supported in part by the Funding Initiative of the VolkswagenStiftung: Integration of Molecular Components in Functional Macroscopic Systems, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft within the Center for Functional

Functionalized TiO₂ nanoparticles by single-step hydrothermal synthesis: the role of the silane coupling agents

• Antoine R. M. Dalod,
• Lars Henriksen,
• Tor Grande and
• Mari-Ann Einarsrud

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 304–312, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.33

• , additional TEM images, and assignments of the FTIR absorption bands. Supporting Information File 4: Additional experimental data. Acknowledgements Financial support from The Research Council of Norway to the project "Beat the Human Eye" (number 235210) and for the support to NTNU NanoLab through the

Impact of contact resistance on the electrical properties of MoS₂ transistors at practical operating temperatures

• Filippo Giannazzo,
• Gabriele Fisichella,
• Aurora Piazza,
• Salvatore Di Franco,
• Giuseppe Greco,
• Simonpietro Agnello and
• Fabrizio Roccaforte

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 254–263, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.28

• source triangular barrier. The TFE mechanism yields a reduced effective SBH with respect to the constant ΦB value (red dashed line in Figure 3c) that would be expected if only TE over the barrier would occur. As a guide for the eye, the SBH dependence on VG in the accumulation regime has been fitted with