Plasmonic nanotechnology for photothermal applications – an evaluation

• A. R. Indhu,
• L. Keerthana and
• Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 380–419, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.33

• phenomenon of surface plasmon resonance results from the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and typically high-valence materials, leading to oscillations of the free electrons in it. The decay of these collective oscillations into heat is the plasmonic photothermal (PPT) effect. The absorption

• materials [24][25]. Interaction of electromagnetic radiation with a material can lead to absorption, transmission, or scattering. Regarding scattering, elastic and inelastic scattering are the major classifications. Elastic scattering means conservation of the photon energy, in inelastic scattering, there

• electronic, translation, vibration, and rotational transitions. The interaction time period of electromagnetic radiation with electrons is around 10−14 to 10−15 s. SPR falls within the regime of electronic transitions and, generally, electronic transitions can be interband as well as intraband transitions

New trends in nanobiotechnology

• Pau-Loke Show,
• Kit Wayne Chew,
• Wee-Jun Ong,
• Sunita Varjani and
• Joon Ching Juan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 377–379, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.32

• the interaction between peptides with physiological proteins. Through the study, the selection and rapid design of peptides based on peptide binding sites, hydrogen bond number, and binding affinity were obtained. It was also concluded the potential role of these peptides in the prevention of

Quercetin- and caffeic acid-functionalized chitosan-capped colloidal silver nanoparticles: one-pot synthesis, characterization, and anticancer and antibacterial activities

• Akif Hakan Kurt,
• Elif Berna Olutas,
• Fatma Avcioglu,
• Hamza Karakuş,
• Mehmet Ali Sungur,
• Cansu Kara Oztabag and
• Muhammet Yıldırım

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 362–376, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.31

• measurements were performed to confirm the formation of Ch/Q- and Ch/CA-Ag NPs and to obtain information about the interaction in the synthesized materials using characteristic bands of functional groups. Figure 3 depicts the FTIR spectra of the synthesized Ag NPs and the pure materials (quercetin, caffeic

• the direct interaction of Ag NPs with the cell lines was examined. In future studies, it will be valuable to examine the effect of additives that increase the stability of NPs and prevent their aggregation. Moreover, the antibacterial activity of synthesized nanoparticles, Ch/Q- and Ch/CA-Ag NPs, were

Overview of mechanism and consequences of endothelial leakiness caused by metal and polymeric nanoparticles

• Magdalena Lasak and
• Karol Ciepluch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 329–338, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.28

• considered one of the best materials with anticancer properties. Most of the administered NPs that end up in the bloodstream interact with the endothelial layer. The interaction of the NPs with the endothelium widens the existing gaps or induces new ones in the monolayer of vascular endothelial cells, thus

• increasing the access to the target sites in the organism. This type of interaction can lead to NP-modulated endothelial leakiness (NanoEL). The most important factors determining NanoEL are the physicochemical properties of the NPs. NP-modulated endothelial leakiness can lead to the discovery of new

• [18][19][20][21][22][23]. NPs exhibit unique physicochemical properties that enable them to overcome biological barriers, such as negative surface charge and sizes from 5 to 50 nm. Moreover, most of the administered NPs eventually end up in the bloodstream, which facilitates their interaction with the

Bismuth-based nanostructured photocatalysts for the remediation of antibiotics and organic dyes

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo and
• Faisal Suleiman Mustafa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 291–321, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.26

• facile solvothermal technique. An intrinsic electric field is created at the interface as a result of the active migration of electrons from BiVO4 to NiSe2. This improves the separation efficiency of the photogenerated carriers, and the interaction at the interface lowers the bandgap of BiVO4, which in

Nanotechnology – a robust tool for fighting the challenges of drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer

• Filip Gorachinov,
• Fatima Mraiche,
• Diala Alhaj Moustafa,
• Ola Hishari,
• Yomna Ismail,
• Jensa Joseph,
• Maja Simonoska Crcarevska,
• Marija Glavas Dodov,
• Nikola Geskovski and
• Katerina Goracinova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 240–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.23

• intravascular gaps or fenestrations or actively by a transcytotic mechanism, loaded with one or more types of stage-2 nanoparticles. The payload of drug/diagnostic agent-loaded nanoparticles optimized for improved interaction with various cancer cells, including lung cancer cells, is released over time at the

• interaction with the overexpressed EGFR receptors [126]. Such multifunctional nanocarriers with multistage targeting hold promise for improved efficacy of treatment and increased the intracellular availability of anticancer agents for solid tumors with EGFR overexpression, among them lung cancer. Leuko-like

• entire cardiac output, but successful lung localization of nanocarriers depends upon NP interaction with the endothelial cells. Lung endothelial cells are an important target for drugs and gene delivery as they are involved in processes such as inflammation, vascular permeability, and tumor growth. Also

Spin dynamics in superconductor/ferromagnetic insulator hybrid structures with precessing magnetization

• Yaroslav V. Turkin and
• Nataliya Pugach

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 233–239, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.22

• interaction between the superconducting correlations and spin waves influences the dynamics of both superconducting and magnetic films. Interfacial exchange interaction between Cooper pairs and magnons results in a nonstationary induced magnetization and spin currents in the superconducting film and changes

Concentration-dependent photothermal conversion efficiency of gold nanoparticles under near-infrared laser and broadband irradiation

• Vikas,
• Raj Kumar and
• Sanjeev Soni

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 205–217, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.20

• , therapeutics, and diagnostics [1][2][3][4][5]. The interaction of free electrons of gold nanoparticles with electromagnetic fields leads to oscillations of the electrons at plasmonic resonance frequencies. Nonradioactive decay of these oscillations causes the conversion of electromagnetic energy into heat [6

• under irradiation is described as: Equation 7 and Equation 8 can be used to determine the amount of heat absorption, the photothermal conversion efficiency, or the temperature rise of the GNP suspension during photothermal interaction. Results and Discussion Spectral absorbance of GNPs The concentration

• looked at in future studies. Further, it can be observed that NIR broadband irradiation is more suitable for heat generation when the plasmonic wavelength of the nanoparticles differs considerably from the wavelength of the laser source. Temperature rise of GNP suspensions on photothermal interaction The

High–low Kelvin probe force spectroscopy for measuring the interface state density

• Ryo Izumi,
• Masato Miyazaki,
• Yan Jun Li and
• Yasuhiro Sugawara

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 175–189, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.18

• with respect to the cutoff frequency fc of carrier transport between the bulk and interface states and measuring the difference in CPD by KPFM. In high–low KPFM, frequency modulation (FM) KPFM (FM-KPFM) combined with FM-AFM is used to detect the tip–sample interaction force. FM-KPFM has several

• bias voltage Vdc and the frequency shift Δf cannot be understood analytically. Therefore, assuming that the vibration amplitude of the cantilever is very small compared to the length of the electrostatic force interaction region, we can obtain the analytical relationship between Vdc and the frequency

• amplitudes, but they can qualitatively explain the behavior of Δf–Vdc curves. Experimental Figure 4 shows the block diagram of AFM and high–low KPFS using AC bias voltages with high and low frequencies. The FM method was used to detect the tip–sample interaction force. The cantilever displacement signal

Intermodal coupling spectroscopy of mechanical modes in microcantilevers

• Ioan Ignat,
• Bernhard Schuster,
• Jonas Hafner,
• MinHee Kwon,
• Daniel Platz and
• Ulrich Schmid

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 123–132, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.13

• . Thus, the mechanical position can be read through the optical cavity. Upon this basic interaction, many emerging kinds of behaviour were found: sideband cooling down to quantum levels [15][16], parametric amplification [17] before signal detection, state squeezing [18][19][20], and Bogoliubov modes [21

• multifrequency AFM has improved both imaging contrast and the amount of extracted information from AFM experiments by exploiting the nonlinearity of the tip–surface interaction [32][33][34][35][36]. The methods applied excel in both their creativity and engineering prowess. A first example is on-resonance

• two modes and their interaction, amplified by the red sideband pump, which is set at the frequency difference of the two modes in question. A main advantage of working with continuous mechanical systems, such as microcantilevers, is the plethora of eigenmodes available [43]. For every combination of

Characterisation of a micrometer-scale active plasmonic element by means of complementary computational and experimental methods

• Ciarán Barron,
• Giulia Di Fazio,
• Samuel Kenny,
• Silas O’Toole,
• Robin O’Reilly and
• Dominic Zerulla

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 110–122, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.12

• nanomechanical operations such as lithography and machining. The high spring constant of this cantilever has the advantage of minimising the unwanted deflection of the cantilever resulting from electrostatic interaction of the potential on the surface and the probe. The tip is constructed from wear-resistant

• scanning. While leaving the probe floating is counterproductive from the perspective of minimising electrostatic interaction, the possibility of current flow through the tip to ground is eliminated. As with the LIA phase selection for the SPR measurements discussed above, the phase was selected so as to

Combining physical vapor deposition structuration with dealloying for the creation of a highly efficient SERS platform

• Adrien Chauvin,
• Walter Puglisi,
• Damien Thiry,
• Cristina Satriano,
• Rony Snyders and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 83–94, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.10

• Adrien Chauvin Walter Puglisi Damien Thiry Cristina Satriano Rony Snyders Carla Bittencourt Plasma-Surface Interaction Chemistry, University of Mons, 23 Place du Parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium Chemistry of Surfaces, Interfaces and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Sciences, Université libre de Bruxelles, 50

• efficient nanoporous platforms are based on gold due to their high stability towards oxidation. Therefore, heading towards simple and inexpensive approaches to reach the industrial market turns out to be a necessity. The origin of the SERS effect relies on the interaction between an intense electromagnetic

The influence of structure and local structural defects on the magnetic properties of cobalt nanofilms

• Alexander Vakhrushev,
• Aleksey Fedotov,
• Olesya Severyukhina and
• Anatolie Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 23–33, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.3

• emphasis at this stage was placed on the pairwise anisotropy model of Neel. The exchange interaction provides a natural connection between the spin and lattice degrees of freedom due to the dependence of the function J on the interatomic distance. This function determines the intensity of the interaction

• and promising magnetic nanomaterials. Magnetic crystallographic anisotropy arises on spin–orbit interaction of atoms. As a consequence, this type of interaction should be separately taken into account when constructing theoretical models and conducting numerical experiments. The type and parameters of

• internal energy and by the symmetry or asymmetry of the crystal structure of ferromagnets. The dipole–dipole interaction does not make a significant contribution to the anisotropy energy and its value is insignificant. Only in a number of rare-earth metals the contribution of the dipole–dipole interaction

Two-step single-reactor synthesis of oleic acid- or undecylenic acid-stabilized magnetic nanoparticles by thermal decomposition

• Mykhailo Nahorniak,
• Pamela Pasetto,
• Jean-Marc Greneche,
• Volodymyr Samaryk,
• Sandy Auguste,
• Anthony Rousseau,
• Nataliya Nosova and
• Serhii Varvarenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 11–22, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.2

• isomeric shift resulting from the monopolar electric interaction is very sensitive to the valence states of Fe. Taking into account the characteristic measurement time of 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, estimated at 10−8 s at the Larmor frequency, the ultrafine structure of magnetite at 300 K (and above the

Atmospheric water harvesting using functionalized carbon nanocones

• Fernanda R. Leivas and
• Marcia C. Barbosa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1–10, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.1

• pressure, and critical temperature, despite being a simple model [15][53]. The SHAKE algorithm was employed to keep the rigidity of water molecules. The oxygen–carbon Lennard-Jones (LJ) pair-wise non-bonded interaction, εO−C = 0.126 kcal/mol and σO−C = 3.279 Å, was calculated using the Lorentz–Berthelot

• mixing rules [54]. For the interaction between hydrophilic sites and water, the same σ of oxygen–carbon interaction was fixed (σO−HS = σO−C), but the potential well εO−HS = εi was varied. The LJ cutoff distance was 12 Å, and the long-range electrostatic interaction was treated by the particle–particle

• the nanocone. If the nanocone is fully hydrophobic, no water crosses the nanocone. Therefore, hydrophilic rings are necessary for the water to enter and flow through the nanocone. We employ the Lennard-Jones potential to calculate the interaction between the nanocone wall and water. Within this

Electrical and optical enhancement of ITO/Mo bilayer thin films via laser annealing

• Abdelbaki Hacini,
• Ahmad Hadi Ali,
• Nurul Nadia Adnan and
• Nafarizal Nayan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1589–1595, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.133

• and a repetition rate of 1 Hz. Different energies from 80 to 240 mJ with a step of 40 mJ were used. The samples were placed in a closed metal cube under nitrogen during annealing to avoid contamination and interaction with particles. A converging lens was placed between the laser and the sample, and

Observation of collective excitation of surface plasmon resonances in large Josephson junction arrays

• Roger Cattaneo,
• Mikhail A. Galin and
• Vladimir M. Krasnov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1578–1588, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.132

• interaction via shared electromagnetic fields and currents [26]. For conventional overlap JJs the scale of such interaction is short (nanoscale) because it is limited by the corresponding screening lengths in superconducting electrodes [27]. However, for planar JJs the direct interaction can be of long range

• due to the presence of long-range stray fields [28]. Indirect coupling is caused by interaction of JJs with a common external resonator [7][8][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. The resonator imprints the phase order onto the junction array and, thus, can synchronize JJs without direct interjunction

• interjunction interaction. Samples We study arrays of Nb/NbxSi1−x/Nb JJs fabricated on oxidized Si substrates and connected in series by Nb electrodes. The NbxSi1−x interlayer with the composition x ≃ 0.14 was deposited by co-sputtering from Nb and Si sources. Details about the fabrication procedure can be

From a free electron gas to confined states: A mixed island of PTCDA and copper phthalocyanine on Ag(111)

• Alfred J. Weymouth,
• Emily Roche and
• Franz J. Giessibl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1572–1577, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.131

• molecules were close to each other implying little direct interaction [17]. Stadtmüller et al. extensively studied the P2C phase with STM, dI/dV measurements, and DFT calculations [18]. They showed that while an isolated CuPc molecule on Ag(111) has a level that is half-filled, this level shifts above the

Single-step extraction of small-diameter single-walled carbon nanotubes in the presence of riboflavin

• Polina M. Kalachikova,
• Anastasia E. Goldt,
• Eldar M. Khabushev,
• Timofei V. Eremin,
• Timofei S. Zatsepin,
• Elena D. Obraztsova,
• Konstantin V. Larionov,
• Liubov Yu. Antipina,
• Pavel B. Sorokin and
• Albert G. Nasibulin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1564–1571, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.130

• between the SWCNTs and gel media. Our experimental findings are supported by ab initio calculations demonstrating the impact of the riboflavin wrapping pattern around the SWCNTs on their interaction with the allyl dextran gel. Keywords: carbon nanotubes; photoluminescence spectroscopy; riboflavin; size

• through π–π interaction and with neighboring isoalloxazine groups via hydrogen bonding, promotes the ordered assembly of riboflavin molecules on the surface of SWCNTs [9][17]. Papadimitrakopoulos et al. described the helical wrapping of flavin mononucleotide through π–π interaction between the

• coaxial helices [18]. Our observations suggest that a similar wrapping pattern takes place due to the interaction between isoalloxazine rings on the surface of nanotubes, which promotes selective extraction of (6,5)-nanotubes. Riboflavin wrapping around SWCNTs of different chiralities was simulated

Induced electric conductivity in organic polymers

• Konstantin Y. Arutyunov,
• Anatoli S. Gurski,
• Vladimir V. Artemov,
• Alexander L. Vasiliev,
• Azat R. Yusupov,
• Danfis D. Karamov and
• Alexei N. Lachinov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1551–1557, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.128

• methods [8][9]. Quantum chemical studies of PDP [10] have shown that its molecular structure is unstable with regard to interaction with an excess (thermal) electron and can result in a transition to a metastable state. However, in that state, e.g. induced by external electric field, the system is

• interface are completely or partially elongated. Also, film formation at such low concentrations strongly depends on the energy interaction of macromolecules with the substrate surface, which explains the weak dependence of the film thickness on the solution concentration. With an increase in concentration

Photoelectrochemical water oxidation over TiO₂ nanotubes modified with MoS₂ and g-C₃N₄

• Phuong Hoang Nguyen,
• Thi Minh Cao,
• Tho Truong Nguyen,
• Hien Duy Tong and
• Viet Van Pham

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1541–1550, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.127

• exhibit only single semicircular shape, which shows the charge transfer resistance equivalent to the polarization resistance. This result also demonstrates a unique interaction of the electrode surface and the electrolyte solution. Furthermore, the g-C3N4 sample shows the semicircle with the largest

• radius, followed by TNAs and MoS2, which indicates the low interaction of these materials with the electrolyte. However, after coupling, the g-C3N4/TNAs sample shows a semicircle with smaller radius compared than that of g-C3N4 or TNAs. The Nyquist plot of the MoS2/TNAs sample shows the smallest

• semicircle radius of all samples. This result indicates an increase in carrier density during the reaction with the electrolyte solution, leading to a decrease in resistance of the g-C3N4/TNAs and MoS2/TNAs samples. This could be explained by the enhanced optical interaction, causing an increase of the

Non-stoichiometric magnetite as catalyst for the photocatalytic degradation of phenol and 2,6-dibromo-4-methylphenol – a new approach in water treatment

• Joanna Kisała,
• Anna Tomaszewska and
• Przemysław Kolek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1531–1540, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.126

• , approximately 50% and 98% of DBMP was degraded via direct photolysis and photocatalysis, respectively (after 60 min). The efficiency of phenol photocatalysis was low (ca. 40% for M1 and ca. 30% for M2, after 60 min). This may be due to the lack of interaction between the catalysts’ surfaces and phenol. The

• influenced by the interaction between the DBMP molecule and the magnetite surface. When bonded to the catalyst’s surface, molecules can react with the electrons being generated. Therefore, we postulate a mixed reductive–oxidative mechanism of DBMP degradation on magnetite. In conclusion, magnetite can be an

A TiO₂@MWCNTs nanocomposite photoanode for solar-driven water splitting

• Anh Quynh Huu Le,
• Ngoc Nhu Thi Nguyen,
• Hai Duy Tran,
• Van-Huy Nguyen and
• Le-Hai Tran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1520–1530, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.125

• calculated as 3.14 and 2.51 eV, respectively. The results show that the lower bandgap of TiO2@MWCNTs catalyst could derive from vacancies on the MWCNTs or the interaction between TiO2 and MWCNTs [25]. Moreover, the C–O–Ti linkages on the TiO2@MWCNs contribute to the extension of the absorption of light at a

In search of cytotoxic selectivity on cancer cells with biogenically synthesized Ag/AgCl nanoparticles

• Mitzi J. Ramírez-Hernández,
• Mario Valera-Zaragoza,
• Omar Viñas-Bravo,
• Ariana A. Huerta-Heredia,
• Miguel A. Peña-Rico,
• Erick A. Juarez-Arellano,
• David Paniagua-Vega,
• Eduardo Ramírez-Vargas and
• Saúl Sánchez-Valdes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1505–1519, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.124

• temperature [22][23][24]. In this way, the ability of secondary metabolites of plant extracts to reduce precursor metal salts to particles with zero charge, and at the same time stabilize nanoparticles already formed, has been demonstrated. Despite this, the phenomenon of interaction of the chemical species

• crops increases the availability of Cl− in the soil and in the leaves of the plant. In this case, it is proposed that the synthesis of AgCl occurred by the interaction of the chloride ions present in the pineapple peel with the silver ions of AgNO3 as other authors have pointed out [31][32]. The high

• crystallite size as a function of temperature is more noticeable for Ag than for AgCl, where an increasing trend in Ag crystallite size is observed up to 80 °C. It is speculated that at this temperature, the separation of salt ions and the interaction with reducing biological compounds are favorable, which

Frequency-dependent nanomechanical profiling for medical diagnosis

• Santiago D. Solares and
• Alexander X. Cartagena-Rivera

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1483–1489, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.122

• applications can be explained by a number of reasons. First, ambiguity is generally present in the assumptions, methods, and data analysis of AFM measurements, which are limited to the interaction of a probe of relatively simple apex geometry (e.g., a spherical tip) with a surface, whose properties may differ

• , tendons, ligaments, and bones have a direct impact on the patient’s locomotion or athletic performance. As the length scale of the probe increases, so do the probe–sample interaction forces observed during the measurement, and the characterization returns greater mechanical information about deeper and