Nanoarchitectonics with cetrimonium bromide on metal nanoparticles for linker-free detection of toxic metal ions and catalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol

• Akash Kumar and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1312–1332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.106

• . Quantification of CTAB through UHPLC The quantification of bound CTAB on the nanoparticles’ surface was analyzed using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC; Shimadzu, Nexera, Tokyo, Japan). The chromatography system equipped with an SPD-M20A photodiode array (PDA) detector with a wavelength range

Mn-doped ZnO nanopowders prepared by sol–gel and microwave-assisted sol–gel methods and their photocatalytic properties

• Cristina Maria Vlăduț,
• Crina Anastasescu,
• Silviu Preda,
• Oana Catalina Mocioiu,
• Simona Petrescu,
• Jeanina Pandele-Cusu,
• Dana Culita,
• Veronica Bratan,
• Ioan Balint and
• Maria Zaharescu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1283–1296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.104

• nanostructured materials from liquid, solid, and gaseous precursors [2]. Nonetheless, many of these methods are constrained by the necessity of high temperatures and pressures, lengthy reaction times, and toxic reagents [3][4]. Although physical methods offer high reproducibility, chemical methods are often

Dual-functionalized architecture enables stable and tumor cell-specific SiO₂NPs in complex biological fluids

• Iris Renata Sousa Ribeiro,
• Raquel Frenedoso da Silva,
• Romênia Ramos Domingues,
• Adriana Franco Paes Leme and
• Mateus Borba Cardoso

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1238–1252, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.100

• adsorbed on the SiO2NPs, liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used. The proteins were separated in SDS-PAGE as described limiting the protein run to only enter in the beginning of the resolving gel. Then, the gel was stained with Coomassie brilliant blue, and the unique bands

• Biosystems) liquid chromatography system through a Proxeon nanoelectrospray ion source. Peptides were separated at a flow rate of 300 nL/min in a 2–90% acetonitrile gradient in 0.1% formic acid for a total gradient time of 65 min (35% acetonitrile at 33 min) using a PicoFrit analytical column (20 cm × ID75

Local work function on graphene nanoribbons

• Daniel Rothhardt,
• Amina Kimouche,
• Tillmann Klamroth and
• Regina Hoffmann-Vogel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1125–1131, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.91

• cyclodehydrogenation and the formation of GNRs following [13][26]. The sample was introduced into our SFM attached to the same vacuum chamber, which was cooled down to 115 K using liquid nitrogen. Nanosensors Si tips (resonance frequency f0 = 158 kHz and longitudinal force constant cL = 45 N/m) and PtIr-coated tips

Effect of wavelength and liquid on formation of Ag, Au, Ag/Au nanoparticles via picosecond laser ablation and SERS-based detection of DMMP

• Sree Satya Bharati Moram,
• Chandu Byram and
• Venugopal Rao Soma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1054–1069, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.86

• Abstract The present study investigates the effects of input wavelength (1064, 532, and 355 nm) and surrounding liquid environment (distilled water and aqueous NaCl solution) on the picosecond laser ablation on silver (Ag), gold (Au), and Ag/Au alloy targets. The efficacy of the laser ablation technique

• simulants was observed at a 325 nm Raman excitation. Our findings reveal that a higher ablation yield was observed at IR irradiation than those obtained at the other wavelengths. A size decrease of the NPs was noticed by changing the liquid environment to an electrolyte. These findings have significant

• size and composition, making it a preferred choice for nanomaterials synthesis [2][3][4][5]. The process involves laser plasma interacting with a metal in a liquid; it excites electrons, which then generates atomic vibrations within a few picoseconds, causing rapid heating, melting, and explosive

Atomistic insights into the morphological dynamics of gold and platinum nanoparticles: MD simulations in vacuum and aqueous media

• Evangelos Voyiatzis,
• Eugenia Valsami-Jones and
• Antreas Afantitis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 995–1009, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.81

• molecular dynamics [44]. The strong decrease of the melting point of small Au NPs compared to bulk Au was quantified by Qiao et al. [45]. Nayebi and Zaminpayma [46] as well as Shim et al. [47] studied the crystallization of liquid Au NPs. The dependence of the surface energy of gold NPs on their size and

• forms a distance–fluctuation criterion to identify first-order transitions, for example, from liquid to solid phases [71][72]. It is given by where N is the number of atoms in the NP, rij is the distance between the i-th and the j-th atom and ⟨…⟩t denotes time averaging. A critical value close to 0.05

• 1200 K (orange line), while, for the Pt NPs (Figure 2c,d), they are 100 K (blue line) and 1800 K (orange line). Regardless of chemical composition and NP diameter, the number density distributions at high temperatures are similar, and their shape is typical of liquid and amorphous materials. They have

Recent progress on field-effect transistor-based biosensors: device perspective

• Billel Smaani,
• Fares Nafa,
• Mohamed Salah Benlatrech,
• Ismahan Mahdi,
• Hamza Akroum,
• Mohamed walid Azizi,
• Khaled Harrar and
• Sayan Kanungo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 977–994, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.80

• was employed for the fabrication of the NW structure [92]. Moreover, this device is gated by a back gate and one or two platinum side gates via a liquid which has been characterized for possible implementation in reliable sensing applications. This biosensor uses HfO2 as a high-k gate dielectric

Beyond biomimicry – next generation applications of bioinspired adhesives from microfluidics to composites

• Dan Sameoto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 965–976, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.79

• traditional microfluidics liquids like oil and water, another student in 2017 demonstrated its utility for integrating liquid metal electronics. Mersedeh Zandvakili showed in 2017 that eutectic gallium–indium could be injected into microfluidic channels, and the gecko pillars not only provided adhesion for

• the channels but also directed the liquid metal flow via Laplace barriers within the channels, offering a mechanism by which we could precisely control the filling of a liquid with very high surface tension [36] (Figure 5). Additionally, small subfeatures within the microfluidic channels could allow

• for both air escape and the addition of acid in specific locations of the biomimetic adhesives to direct the flow of liquid metal into separate, isolated areas. Handling such extreme materials is something no animal would have evolved to manage, yet the artificial versions have proven to be very

Electrospun nanofibers: building blocks for the repair of bone tissue

• Tuğrul Mert Serim,
• Gülin Amasya,
• Tuğba Eren-Böncü,
• Ceyda Tuba Şengel-Türk and
• Ayşe Nurten Özdemir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 941–953, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.77

• liquid form [44]. The polymer solution in an appropriate solvent is placed into a syringe for the electrospinning procedure. The plate positioned at a specific distance is connected to the high-voltage source. The polymer solution forms a Taylor cone, which is a conical structure at the needle tip, when

• liquid accumulating at the needle tip above the stretching ability of the electric field strength; hence, polymer liquid may flow from the needle tip [49][52][55]. Generally, as the flow rate increases, thicker and more porous fibers with a wide distribution are formed [56][57]. When the flow rate is too

• and causes a change in viscosity, surface tension, and electrical conductivity of the polymer liquid [54][65]. The evaporation rate of the solvent is an extremely important parameter. In an ideal production process, the solvent must be completely evaporated before the jet reaches the collector of the

A review on the structural characterization of nanomaterials for nano-QSAR models

• Salvador Moncho,
• Eva Serrano-Candelas,
• Jesús Vicente de Julián-Ortiz and
• Rafael Gozalbes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 854–866, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.71

• liquid drop model approximation [69][70]. This model defines the forces between molecules assuming that they behave like particles in a liquid drop. It uses the estimated Wigner–Seitz radius to calculate the average distance between particles, used as descriptor by some authors [71]. Similarly, the size

Investigation on drag reduction on rotating blade surfaces with microtextures

• Qinsong Zhu,
• Chen Zhang,
• Fuhang Yu and
• Yan Xu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 833–853, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.70

• of lotus leaves [4]. A thin gas film captured by the superhydrophobic structure creates a slip interface between gas and liquid, which effectively improves the drag reduction and antifouling performance of lotus leaves [5]. However, the structures on biological surfaces are rather complex and not

Electron-induced ligand loss from iron tetracarbonyl methyl acrylate

• Hlib Lyshchuk,
• Atul Chaudhary,
• Thomas F. M. Luxford,
• Miloš Ranković,
• Jaroslav Kočišek,
• Juraj Fedor,
• Lisa McElwee-White and
• Pamir Nag

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 797–807, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.66

• probable reasons are its availability (it is a common precursor for iron-containing compounds in organometallic synthesis), ease of handling (it is a volatile liquid at standard conditions), and relatively simple structure, which allows for advanced theoretical description. The ligand loss from Fe(CO)5 in

• beam is produced from a directly heated yttrium-coated iridium cathode, and a trochoidal electron monochromator is used to narrow down the electron energy distribution and to produce a quasi-monochromatic electron beam. A gas-phase effusive beam was produced by introducing the liquid Fe(CO)4MA sample

Electrospun polysuccinimide scaffolds containing different salts as potential wound dressing material

• Veronika Pálos,
• Krisztina S. Nagy,
• Rita Pázmány,
• Krisztina Juriga-Tóth,
• Bálint Budavári,
• Judit Domokos,
• Dóra Szabó,
• Ákos Zsembery and
• Angela Jedlovszky-Hajdu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 781–796, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.65

• sterilized discs (6 mm in diameter) made from salt-containing scaffolds was measured, and three parallel samples were placed on the medium. Then, 10 µL of DMSO was dropped onto one of them to examine whether the liquid agent changed the dissolution of the salts from the scaffolds. The bacterial cultures with

Exploring surface charge dynamics: implications for AFM height measurements in 2D materials

• Mario Navarro-Rodriguez,
• Andres M. Somoza and
• Elisa Palacios-Lidon

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 767–780, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.64

• differences of the wetting properties [34]. At moderate oscillation amplitudes, intimate tip–sample contact is avoided, and the energy dissipation takes place at the lower turning point of the oscillation cycle because of the formation and rupture of liquid necks [35][36][37]. When operating in this less

• ]. However, despite rGO being hydrophobic and both GO and the SiO2 substrate being hydrophilic, the rGO sheet is observed as thicker than the GO sheet, where the formation of liquid necks between the tip and the sample should be more favorable [37]. It is worth noting that the measurements in Figure 1 were

• mean tip–sample distance around which the tip is oscillating. In Figure 5c, we identify the two well-known non-contact interaction regimes, namely, (I) distances far from the sample, where capillary forces are negligible, and (II) distances close to sample, where the formation and rupture of liquid

Effect of repeating hydrothermal growth processes and rapid thermal annealing on CuO thin film properties

• Monika Ozga,
• Eunika Zielony,
• Aleksandra Wierzbicka,
• Anna Wolska,
• Marcin Klepka,
• Marek Godlewski,
• Bogdan J. Kowalski and
• Bartłomiej S. Witkowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 743–754, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.62

• thin films can also be grown from liquid phases, employing techniques such as chemical bath deposition [31][32][33], successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) [34][35][36], sol–gel processes (using dip and spin coating) [37][38][39], as well as spray pyrolysis [40][41][42]. This work

• × magnification. The spectral resolution was of the order of 0.5 cm−1. A 532 nm semiconductor laser was used to illuminate the samples. The measurements were performed without detection of polarization of the scattered light. A liquid nitrogen-cooled multichannel silicon CCD camera was used as a detector. Results

Simultaneous electrochemical determination of uric acid and hypoxanthine at a TiO₂/graphene quantum dot-modified electrode

• Vu Ngoc Hoang,
• Dang Thi Ngoc Hoa,
• Nguyen Quang Man,
• Le Vu Truong Son,
• Le Van Thanh Son,
• Vo Thang Nguyen,
• Le Thi Hong Phong,
• Ly Hoang Diem,
• Kieu Chan Ly,
• Ho Sy Thang and
• Dinh Quang Khieu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 719–732, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.60

• liquid chromatography [8], liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry [9], and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry [10]. These approaches require complex handling procedures. Electrochemical techniques have been considered as a robust alternative for URI and HYP sensing because of their simplicity

Elastic modulus of β-Ga₂O₃ nanowires measured by resonance and three-point bending techniques

• Annamarija Trausa,
• Sven Oras,
• Sergei Vlassov,
• Mikk Antsov,
• Tauno Tiirats,
• Andreas Kyritsakis,
• Boris Polyakov and
• Edgars Butanovs

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 704–712, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.58

• mechanisms alongside the vapour–liquid–solid (VLS) method. Following an examination via SEM, it became evident that the NWs exhibit variations in their dimensions, highlighting a nonuniform geometry (Figure 2). The observed NWs and NB-like structures exhibited various cross-sections, including square-like

• with Au nanoparticles (NPs, 100 nm of diameter, water suspension, Alfa Aesar) were positioned in a lower-temperature region 10 cm away from the furnace centre. Au NPs served as catalysts for the vapour–liquid–solid (VLS) growth mechanism. The reactor was heated to 1010 °C (high-temperature zone) under

Laser synthesis of nanoparticles in organic solvents – products, reactions, and perspectives

• Theo Fromme,
• Sven Reichenberger,
• Katharine M. Tibbetts and
• Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 638–663, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.54

• 23284, USA 10.3762/bjnano.15.54 Abstract Laser synthesis and processing of colloids (LSPC) is an established method for producing functional and durable nanomaterials and catalysts in virtually any liquid of choice. While the redox reactions during laser synthesis in water are fairly well understood

• review also includes findings that are specific to the LSPC method variants laser ablation (LAL), fragmentation (LFL), melting (LML), and reduction (LRL) in organic liquids. A particular focus will be set on permanent gases, liquid hydrocarbons, and solid, carbonaceous species generated, including the

• mechanisms of organic liquid decomposition and carbon shell formation are highlighted and discussed regarding current challenges and future perspectives of LSPC using organic liquids instead of water. Keywords: alloy; photochemistry; pyrolysis; radicals; surface chemistry; Introduction Since the first

Exfoliation of titanium nitride using a non-thermal plasma process

• Priscila Jussiane Zambiazi,
• Dolores Ribeiro Ricci Lazar,
• Larissa Otubo,
• Rodrigo Fernando Brambilla de Souza,
• Almir Oliveira Neto and
• Cecilia Chaves Guedes-Silva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 631–637, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.53

• inherited from their parent crystals [6]. Their synthesis typically involves costly bottom-up processes. Some efforts have been successfully made to synthesize n-vdW 2D materials using liquid exfoliation techniques [7], albeit with relatively low yields. The first such material was obtained through

• electrostatically driven exfoliation of WO3 powder using bovine serum albumin as an exfoliating agent at pH 4 [8]. Subsequently, in 2018, Balan et al. [9] achieved the synthesis of hematene, a n-vdW 2D material, from natural iron ore hematite (α-Fe2O3) using liquid exfoliation. Unlike hematite, hematene exhibited

• conductivity [10][11][12]. On the nanoscale, TiN finds applications as additive in titanium alloys, as catalyst support material, as supercapacitor component, and as nanocoating for medical implants [13][14][15][16]. Furthermore, ultra-small TiN nanodots have been successfully obtained through liquid

Comparative analysis of the ultrastructure and adhesive secretion pathways of different smooth attachment pads of the stick insect Medauroidea extradentata (Phasmatodea)

• Julian Thomas,
• Stanislav N. Gorb and
• Thies H. Büscher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 612–630, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.52

• viscoelasticity of the pad, as well as its shape due to the internal pad pressure caused by the fluid. Spherical structures between the fibres, identified via SEM, could be indications for liquid residues (Figure 7C) (similar residues have been also identified by Gorb et al. in the euplantulae of T. viridissima

Stiffness calibration of qPlus sensors at low temperature through thermal noise measurements

• Laurent Nony,
• Sylvain Clair,
• Daniel Uehli,
• Aitziber Herrero,
• Jean-Marc Themlin,
• Andrea Campos,
• Franck Para,
• Alessandro Pioda and
• Christian Loppacher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 580–602, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.50

• -vacuum (UHV) system and at, or close to, liquid helium temperature (4–10 K, LT UHV), the method allows for the direct characterization of individual molecules with intramolecular contrast [4], opening up the field of studying on-surface reactions [5] or tip-induced chemistry [6]. The method also makes it

• and at room temperature, nc-AFM experiments are mostly carried out with silicon cantilevers, similar to those used during AFM experiments in air or in liquid. Their stiffness rarely exceeds 100 N/m. In UHV and at low temperature, the use of cantilevers is more tedious because of the required in situ

• . The stiffness calibration of silicon cantilevers at room temperature in air, liquid, or UHV by means of destructive and non-destructive methods has been discussed quite extensively in the literature [18][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56

Radiofrequency enhances drug release from responsive nanoflowers for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy

• Yanyan Wen,
• Ningning Song,
• Yueyou Peng,
• Weiwei Wu,
• Qixiong Lin,
• Minjie Cui,
• Rongrong Li,
• Qiufeng Yu,
• Sixue Wu,
• Yongkang Liang,
• Wei Tian and
• Yanfeng Meng

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 569–579, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.49

• sample was added to ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed. Then the dispersed liquid was added dropwise to the copper net. After drying, the US FEI Tecnai F20 TEM was used at an accelerated voltage of 200 kV to capture the morphology in high resolution. Zeta potentials and hydrodynamic diameters were

Electron-induced deposition using Fe(CO)₄MA and Fe(CO)₅ – effect of MA ligand and process conditions

• Hannah Boeckers,
• Atul Chaudhary,
• Petra Martinović,
• Amy V. Walker,
• Lisa McElwee-White and
• Petra Swiderek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 500–516, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.45

Aero-ZnS prepared by physical vapor transport on three-dimensional networks of sacrificial ZnO microtetrapods

• Veaceslav Ursaki,
• Tudor Braniste,
• Victor Zalamai,
• Emil Rusu,
• Vladimir Ciobanu,
• Vadim Morari,
• Daniel Podgornii,
• Pier Carlo Ricci,
• Rainer Adelung and
• Ion Tiginyanu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 490–499, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.44

• properties when compressed against water was fabricated using HVPE of CdS on sacrificial ZnO microtetrapods through the simultaneous or subsequent transformation of CdS into ZnS and the removal of the sacrificial ZnO crystals [16]. Self-propelled liquid marbles have been demonstrated on the basis of this

Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light by cobalt ferrite nanoparticles/graphene quantum dots

• Vo Chau Ngoc Anh,
• Le Thi Thanh Nhi,
• Le Thi Kim Dung,
• Dang Thi Ngoc Hoa,
• Nguyen Truong Son,
• Nguyen Thi Thao Uyen,
• Nguyen Ngoc Uyen Thu,
• Le Van Thanh Son,
• Le Trung Hieu,
• Tran Ngoc Tuyen and
• Dinh Quang Khieu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 475–489, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.43

• photodegradation were evaluated by using dual liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC/MS-MS) after the MB solution samples were illuminated for 0, 60, 120, and 180 min. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) of MB solution samples was assessed after 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 min of light exposure. Result and

• -1086). It is notable that the XRD pattern of cobalt ferrite with the initial Fe/Co ratio of 2 (stoichiometric ratio) exhibits the diffraction of iron oxides at 2θ of 24.2°, 33.2°, 40.8°, and 49.6° (JCPDS no. 33-0664). This means that a part of cobalt ions goes to the liquid phase during synthesis

• of CF/GQDs and reused CF/GQDs. Proposed intermediates in MB degradation monitored by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry recorded at 180 min (tested concentration: 10 ppm). Mechanism of MB degradation over the CF/GQDs catalyst. Precursor compositions for cobalt ferrite samples