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Search for "water" in Full Text gives 1546 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. Showing first 200.

Comparative electron microscopy particle sizing of TiO2 pigments: sample preparation and measurement

  • Ralf Theissmann,
  • Christopher Drury,
  • Markus Rohe,
  • Thomas Koch,
  • Jochen Winkler and
  • Petr Pikal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 317–332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.29

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  • application laboratory in Waldbronn, Germany, and the particle counting threshold was set at 30 nm. The samples were first intensively dispersed by ultrasonication in a polyphosphate solution in water (562 J/mL, 2.5% pigment, 2% polyphosphate) one day before measurement. The energy of 562 J/mL was chosen
  • as in [11], differences in method M1 with respect to [11][21] are described below. These three methods differ substantially in all their characteristic steps, including ultrasonic bath dispersion in water, dry dispersion in a solid polymer, and the powdering onto a sticky sample stub without
  • KRONOS INT. Inc., Research Services, involving the dispersion of 2.5% TiO2 in a polyphosphate solution in water (with 2% polyphosphate for stabilisation). Dispersion was performed by an ultrasonic finger (13 mm tip) for 5 min at 250 W and 60% amplitude, equivalent to 562 J/mL. It is worth noting that
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Published 25 Mar 2024
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  • a vital role in adhesion to the hydro–water interface and solid surfaces, providing an idea about the viability and permeability of the cell membrane under stress. As most of the cell surface carries a negative charge, metals with higher zeta potential can easily enter the cell and increase the
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Published 12 Mar 2024

Determining by Raman spectroscopy the average thickness and N-layer-specific surface coverages of MoS2 thin films with domains much smaller than the laser spot size

  • Felipe Wasem Klein,
  • Jean-Roch Huntzinger,
  • Vincent Astié,
  • Damien Voiry,
  • Romain Parret,
  • Houssine Makhlouf,
  • Sandrine Juillaguet,
  • Jean-Manuel Decams,
  • Sylvie Contreras,
  • Périne Landois,
  • Ahmed-Azmi Zahab,
  • Jean-Louis Sauvajol and
  • Matthieu Paillet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 279–296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.26

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Published 07 Mar 2024

Vinorelbine-loaded multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles as anticancer drug delivery systems: synthesis, characterization, and in vitro release study

  • Zeynep Özcan and
  • Afife Binnaz Hazar Yoruç

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 256–269, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.24

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  • three times with distilled water, and the PDA/Fe3O4 NPs were dried in a vacuum oven at 55 °C. Surface functionalization of PDA/Fe3O4 nanoparticles with SH-PEG For the surface modification process with SH-PEG, 50 mg of PDA/Fe3O4 NPs were added to 50 mL of Tris-HCl solution. Then, 100 mg of thiol
  • particles were removed by washing with distilled water. The PEGylation PDA/Fe3O4 NPs were then dried in a vacuum oven at 45 °C. The PDA-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles were modified with SH-PEG to facilitate their accumulation in tumour regions. In similar studies, the conjugation of SH-PEG onto the surface of
  • was separated with the assistance of a magnet, followed by three thorough rinses with distilled water. All wash supernatants were collected to measure the VNB loading content based on UV–vis spectrophotometry. The resulting nanostructure underwent vacuum drying at 45 °C. The loading entrapment
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Published 28 Feb 2024

Multiscale modelling of biomolecular corona formation on metallic surfaces

  • Parinaz Mosaddeghi Amini,
  • Ian Rouse,
  • Julia Subbotina and
  • Vladimir Lobaskin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 215–229, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.21

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  • analogues (SCA) within the system [33][34]. The AMBER force field is a widely recognized and extensively validated force field that provides accurate descriptions of molecular systems [35]. We evaluated the short-range PMFs between 22 SCAs and an Al slab in a solvent environment comprising water and salt
  • water density profiles obtained from MD simulations for the slab–water system in the context of Al surfaces revealed characteristics that were previously observed for other simulated metallic surfaces [2][28]. The profiles exhibited two distinct regions with elevated water density located approximately
  • 0.15–0.18 nm and 0.42–0.48 nm away from the aluminum surface. These regions corresponded to the first and second water layers adjacent to the metal surface, respectively (as depicted in Supporting Information File 1, Figure S1). Further examination of the ion density profiles indicated the presence of
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Published 13 Feb 2024

Ion beam processing of DNA origami nanostructures

  • Leo Sala,
  • Agnes Zerolová,
  • Violaine Vizcaino,
  • Alain Mery,
  • Alicja Domaracka,
  • Hermann Rothard,
  • Philippe Boduch,
  • Dominik Pinkas and
  • Jaroslav Kocišek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 207–214, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.20

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  • additional MilliQ water to reach the desired final volume (usually 100 μL for a standard synthesis). We used a higher excess of the staple strands because of the already long storage time of our staple stock solution [34]. The mixture was then annealed to 90 °C and slowly cooled down at a rate of −7 °C·min−1
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Published 12 Feb 2024

Graphene removal by water-assisted focused electron-beam-induced etching – unveiling the dose and dwell time impact on the etch profile and topographical changes in SiO2 substrates

  • Aleksandra Szkudlarek,
  • Jan M. Michalik,
  • Inés Serrano-Esparza,
  • Zdeněk Nováček,
  • Veronika Novotná,
  • Piotr Ozga,
  • Czesław Kapusta and
  • José María De Teresa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 190–198, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.18

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  • extraordinary mechanical and electronic properties. Although many years have passed since its discovery, manipulating single graphene layers is still challenging using standard resist-based lithography techniques. Recently, it has been shown that it is possible to etch graphene directly in water-assisted
  • on the direct delivery of water molecules into the scanning electron microscope chamber. This process is called focused electron-beam-induced etching (FEBIE) and was already demonstrated for thin amorphous carbon membranes a decade ago [15]. Oxygen or water vapor can be used for etching graphene [16
  • of concept of water-assisted graphene etching. Moreover, the effects of changes in the topography of Si/SiO2 substrate during this process have not been addressed so far, as they may be observed only under certain experimental conditions. In a standard scanning electron microscope, the morphological
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Published 07 Feb 2024

Nanocarrier systems loaded with IR780, iron oxide nanoparticles and chlorambucil for cancer theragnostics

  • Phuong-Thao Dang-Luong,
  • Hong-Phuc Nguyen,
  • Loc Le-Tuan,
  • Xuan-Thang Cao,
  • Vy Tran-Anh and
  • Hieu Vu Quang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 180–189, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.17

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  • oxide NPs were synthesized using a modified coprecipitation method [13]. Firstly, 10 mmol of FeSO4·7H2O and 5 mmol of FeCl3·6H2O were dissolved in 50 mL of deionized water in a N2 atmosphere. Then, 1 M of NaOH was carefully added into the solution while swirling until the pH reached 14. Next, 1 mL of
  • and allowed to evaporate overnight in a dark area at room temperature. In the next day, the nanoparticles were centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 30 min, then resuspended in 600 µL of distilled water. The nanoparticles were then separated into three 200 μL suspension tubes. Then, 2 mg of F127-folate or 2
  • mg of F127 was separately added to the tubes, and the ligand exchange was performed at 4 °C for one week. The tube without added polymer was designated as PVA@PLGA/IO/CHL/IR780 (PVA@NP). Then, the nanoparticles were centrifuged for 30 min at 12,000 rpm and resuspended in distilled water. The final
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Published 06 Feb 2024

Modification of graphene oxide and its effect on properties of natural rubber/graphene oxide nanocomposites

  • Nghiem Thi Thuong,
  • Le Dinh Quang,
  • Vu Quoc Cuong,
  • Cao Hong Ha,
  • Nguyen Ba Lam and
  • Seiichi Kawahara

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 168–179, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.16

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  • of NR composite. The usage of GO-VTES may be suitable for the preparation of NR composites for tire applications as the composite may reduce water permeability and enhance the abrasion resistance of commercial products [30]. Experimental Materials The natural rubber used in this work is high-ammonia
  • agent and SDS as a surfactant. About 80 g of HANR (60% DRC) was incubated with 80 g of water containing 1.6 g of SDS and 0.16 g of urea for 1 h before the 1st centrifugation at 10,000 rpm at 15 °C for 30 min. The cream recovered after centrifugation was redispersed in 80 g of water containing 0.8 g SDS
  • and subjected to a 2nd centrifugation under the same condition. The cream fraction was again redispersed in water containing 0.16 g of SDS before the 3rd centrifugation. The final cream was diluted in a certain amount of SDS solution to obtain deproteinized natural rubber (DPNR) with DRC (20%) and SDS
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Published 05 Feb 2024

In situ optical sub-wavelength thickness control of porous anodic aluminum oxide

  • Aleksandrs Dutovs,
  • Raimonds Popļausks,
  • Oskars Putāns,
  • Vladislavs Perkanuks,
  • Aušrinė Jurkevičiūtė,
  • Tomas Tamulevičius,
  • Uldis Malinovskis,
  • Iryna Olyshevets,
  • Donats Erts and
  • Juris Prikulis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 126–133, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.12

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  • the reflectance spectra to a multilayer model of a water–PAAO–aluminum system using the transfer-matrix method (TMM) [22]. Previously, TMM has been employed only for post-production thickness analysis of PAAO-based stratified systems [13][23]. In the present study, it allowed for continuous in situ
  • consistent thickness determination during anodization using reflectance measurements at normal incidence, it was sufficient to assume a single PAAO layer with the effective RI neff. A simplified model consisting of an Al substrate with the complex RI [29], PAAO with constant neff, and water with RI [30
  • for Al [29] and water [30]. The model function calculated the reflectance spectra with two fitting parameters, that is, PAAO thickness hPAAO and a constant multiplier for intensity correction of the reference spectrum. Fitting was done using the Levenberg–Marquardt (LM) algorithm as described in the
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Published 31 Jan 2024

Assessing phytotoxicity and tolerance levels of ZnO nanoparticles on Raphanus sativus: implications for widespread adoptions

  • Pathirannahalage Sahan Samuditha,
  • Nadeesh Madusanka Adassooriya and
  • Nazeera Salim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 115–125, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.11

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  • 3492 cm−1 is attributed to the characteristic vibrational mode of the O–H bond which comes from water adsorbed by the ZnO NPs from the humid atmosphere [31]. Typically, bulk ZnO particles show a characteristic absorption edge of 400 nm in UV–vis spectra. Hence, ZnO NPs show blue shifting and have an
  • and water uptake in the presence of Zn [39], or else by accelerating the activity of carbonic anhydrase [2]. Several published information is available on the effect of Zn on photosynthetic pigments of other crops. Nanopriming Triticum aestivum seeds with 10 mg/L of ZnO resulted in a significant
  • rpm in a magnetic stirrer and NaOH was added dropwise, the mixture was kept under constant stirring for 2 more hours and then sealed and kept overnight. The Zn(OH)2 obtained from the reaction was collected by centrifugation, washed with distilled water, and calcined at 400 °C for 2 h to obtain ZnO NPs
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Published 23 Jan 2024

Development and characterization of potential larvicidal nanoemulsions against Aedes aegypti

  • Jonatas L. Duarte,
  • Leonardo Delello Di Filippo,
  • Anna Eliza Maciel de Faria Mota Oliveira,
  • Rafael Miguel Sábio,
  • Gabriel Davi Marena,
  • Tais Maria Bauab,
  • Cristiane Duque,
  • Vincent Corbel and
  • Marlus Chorilli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 104–114, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.10

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  • naturally occurring in essential oils (EOs) of various aromatic plants, including the genera Artemisia, Protium, Origanum, and Thymus. Myrcene is an acyclic monoterpene found in hops, lemongrass, basil, and mangos [10]. Some intrinsic characteristics of monoterpenes, mainly poor water solubility and high
  • volatility, make their formulation a true challenge. In this regard, nanoemulsions (NEs), which are dispersions of two immiscible liquids with one of them dispersed as small droplets [11][12], stand out as new delivery vehicles for these bioactive compounds. They are especially important to enhance the water
  • availability of poorly water-soluble compounds, which is achieved when the oil constitutes the internal phase. In this case, oil-in-water nanoemulsions or aqueous nanoemulsions are obtained. The main advantage of NEs is their better kinetic stability compared to macroemulsions. Also, the NEs protect the EO
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Published 18 Jan 2024

New application of bimetallic Ag/Pt nanoplates in a colorimetric biosensor for specific detection of E. coli in water

  • Azam Bagheri Pebdeni,
  • Mohammad N. AL-Baiati and
  • Morteza Hosseini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 95–103, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.9

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  • . This nanobiosensor has the ability to specifically bind to E. coli, increasing the peroxidase activity of the apt-Ag/Pt NPL. Finally, the blue color of the solution in the contaminated water samples was increased in the presence of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) as a substrate and H2O2. The assay
  • can be completed in 30 min and the presence of E. coli levels can be distinguished with the naked eye. The absorbance at 652 nm is proportional to pathogen concentration from 10 to 108 CFU·mL−1, with a detection limit of 10 CFU·mL−1. The percent recovery for the water samples spiked with E. coli is 95
  • %. The developed assay should serve as a general platform for detecting other pathogenic bacteria which affect water and food quality. The proposed E. coli detection strategy has appealing characteristics such as high sensitivity, simple operation, short testing time, and low cost. Keywords: aptamer
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Published 17 Jan 2024

Study of the reusability and stability of nylon nanofibres as an antibody immobilisation surface

  • Inés Peraile,
  • Matilde Gil-García,
  • Laura González-López,
  • Nushin A. Dabbagh-Escalante,
  • Juan C. Cabria-Ramos and
  • Paloma Lorenzo-Lozano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 83–94, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.8

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  • has to be taken into account, but also ease of handling, on-site use, and low production cost. Thus, several authors, such as Janik-Karpinska and colleagues in 2022 [3], have pointed out that rapid detection of pathogens and toxins in food, water, and the environment is a paramount health and safety
  • determination of exogenously produced biotoxins and virulence factors, as well as for the detection of viruses and biomarkers in clinical samples (e.g., hormones and biomolecules). (4) The data could be generalised not only for the measurement of warfare agents, but also for the diagnosis of water and food
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Published 15 Jan 2024

Berberine-loaded polylactic acid nanofiber scaffold as a drug delivery system: The relationship between chemical characteristics, drug-release behavior, and antibacterial efficiency

  • Le Thi Le,
  • Hue Thi Nguyen,
  • Liem Thanh Nguyen,
  • Huy Quang Tran and
  • Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 71–82, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.7

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  • treatment of central nervous system disorders [2], digestive system diseases [3], cancer, diabetes, inflammation, and infections. Nevertheless, BBR has a low bioavailability due to its poor water solubility, which imposes a regular intake of BBR drugs at a high dose. Recently, innovative technologies have
  • , iron oxide, and mesoporous silica nanoparticles) [4]. Additionally, nanocarrier-free systems, such as drug nanocrystals, are also used to improve the delivery of poorly soluble drugs [5][6]. In our previous study, the saturation concentration of BBR in water was 2.0 mg/mL, while BBR nanoparticles
  • ]. The core/shell nanofiber structure can also prolong the drug release since the polymer shell plays a role as a rate-control barrier [15]. On the other hand, the nanofiber scaffolds fabricated using suitable hydrophilic or water-soluble polymers are used to improve the dissolution profile and
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Published 12 Jan 2024

Influence of conductive carbon and MnCo2O4 on morphological and electrical properties of hydrogels for electrochemical energy conversion

  • Sylwia Pawłowska,
  • Karolina Cysewska,
  • Yasamin Ziai,
  • Jakub Karczewski,
  • Piotr Jasiński and
  • Sebastian Molin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 57–70, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.6

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  • ; hydrogel; hydrogen; oxygen evolution reaction; polymer composites; Introduction Hydrogels are defined as a group of polymeric materials with an insoluble hydrophilic structure which gives them the ability to absorb and hold large amounts of water (up to over 99 wt %) in their three-dimensional network
  • . The phenomenon in which hydrogels swell in water while not dissolving in it is due to hydrophilic functional groups attached to the polymer backbone and cross-links between the network chains. High water content makes hydrogel materials similar in terms of microstructure and flexibility to living
  • tissues. The amount of water absorbed depends on factors such as the structure of the hydrogel, the composition of the precursor hydrogel solution, the cross-link density, and the technique of its synthesis. The simple reaction of one or more monomers is used for the production of this kind of material [1
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Published 11 Jan 2024

Curcumin-loaded nanostructured systems for treatment of leishmaniasis: a review

  • Douglas Dourado,
  • Thayse Silva Medeiros,
  • Éverton do Nascimento Alencar,
  • Edijane Matos Sales and
  • Fábio Rocha Formiga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 37–50, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.4

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  • promising activity, this molecule shows poor water solubility, high metabolism, and fast elimination impair, which results in low systemic bioavailability and poor in vivo pharmacological effect. In this context, molecules with similar limitations have been combined with nanotechnology tools to allow their
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Published 04 Jan 2024

Nanotechnological approaches in the treatment of schistosomiasis: an overview

  • Lucas Carvalho,
  • Michelle Sarcinelli and
  • Beatriz Patrício

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 13–25, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.2

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  • divided into two types: nanocapsules and nanospheres [18]. Nanocapsules consist of reservoir systems with an oil or water core and an external polymeric shell. They are, overall, used to increase drug solubility [20]. Usually, once in the body, the encapsulated drug diffuses through the polymeric wall in
  • nanoparticles could kill 100% of adult worms in vitro at a concentration of100 µM. Lower concentrations reduced motility and caused tegumental alterations and couple separation [58]. However, curcumin has low bioavailability and poor water solubility. Thus, Aly et al. [60] tried to increase its solubility and
  • [75]. Other compounds Some of the selected works used new synthetic compounds in their formulation for schistosomiasis treatment. For example, 2-(butylamino)-1-phenyl-1-ethanethiosulfuric acid (BphEA) is a compound with poor solubility in water, which has demonstrated potential to be used in
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Published 03 Jan 2024

unDrift: A versatile software for fast offline SPM image drift correction

  • Tobias Dickbreder,
  • Franziska Sabath,
  • Lukas Höltkemeier,
  • Ralf Bechstein and
  • Angelika Kühnle

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1225–1237, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.101

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  • distorted by a very high drift velocity, only partly usable images, and images exhibiting an overall weak contrast. Moreover, we show that the semi-automatic analysis of periodic images can be applied to a long series containing hundreds of images measured at the calcite–water interface. Keywords: atomic
  • used for evaluation. To demonstrate that unDrift can drift-correct these images by only considering (small) parts of an image, we show example images recorded at the calcite–water interface in Figure 4e,f. In our example, the sample drifted out of the scanner’s z range after the first third of the
  • (distance accuracy: ±0.3 × 10−10 m, angle accuracy: ±2°; see below). Third, we discuss the arguably most challenging situation for drift correction, images with an overall weak contrast and low signal-to-noise ratio. The periodic structures of the calcite–water interface in Figure 4j,k are very faint and
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Published 28 Dec 2023

Fluorescent bioinspired albumin/polydopamine nanoparticles and their interactions with Escherichia coli cells

  • Eloïse Equy,
  • Jordana Hirtzel,
  • Sophie Hellé,
  • Béatrice Heurtault,
  • Eric Mathieu,
  • Morgane Rabineau,
  • Vincent Ball and
  • Lydie Ploux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1208–1224, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.100

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  • concentration for further experiments. During the freeze-drying process, BSA/PDA NPs acted as surfactant and were located around water droplets when the water was rapidly sublimated, which resulted in the formation of a foam (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S1a). After freeze-drying, the foam could be
  • easily re-suspended in Milli-Q® water, resulting in a well-dispersed black suspension (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S1b). However, in the case of a BSA/DA ratio of 0.25, a powder was obtained instead of a foam (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S1c). This was probably due to a lack of BSA
  • molecules to surround every molecule of PDA, which may have favored bridges involving BSA between NPs and further formation of aggregates (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S1d). This powder could not be re-dissolved in water, NaCl, or Tris buffer. Furthermore, the mean hydrodynamic diameter slightly
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Published 22 Dec 2023

Determination of the radii of coated and uncoated silicon AFM sharp tips using a height calibration standard grating and a nonlinear regression function

  • Perawat Boonpuek and
  • Jonathan R. Felts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1200–1207, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.99

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  • to left across two pristine grating structures within a scan size of 10 µm × 10 µm. The calibration grating was cleaned with DI water and dried with nitrogen gas before the experiments. For each tip, we performed a step-to-step linewidth scan pass (without repeating at the same scanline) in contact
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Published 15 Dec 2023

A combined gas-phase dissociative ionization, dissociative electron attachment and deposition study on the potential FEBID precursor [Au(CH3)2Cl]2

  • Elif Bilgilisoy,
  • Ali Kamali,
  • Thomas Xaver Gentner,
  • Gerd Ballmann,
  • Sjoerd Harder,
  • Hans-Peter Steinrück,
  • Hubertus Marbach and
  • Oddur Ingólfsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1178–1199, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.98

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  • reactions with background water, which is of considerably higher concentration in the HV chamber than in the UHV chamber. While HCl formation is apparently significant in DI of [Au(CH3)2Cl]2 in the current experiment, and may in part be responsible for the etching effects observed, there are no indications
  • that the higher background water content in the HV experiments influences the composition of the deposits. Electron-induced secondary reactions, on the other hand, may play a role, especially as the growth rate of the deposits are comparatively low, and correspondingly the electron exposure of each
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Published 06 Dec 2023

Hierarchically patterned polyurethane microgrooves featuring nanopillars or nanoholes for neurite elongation and alignment

  • Lester Uy Vinzons,
  • Guo-Chung Dong and
  • Shu-Ping Lin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1157–1168, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.96

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  • hydrophilic, O2 plasma-treated substrates [21]. We measured the water contact angle (CA) on the PU samples (Figure 1I) and found that all of the as-fabricated samples were hydrophobic (CA > 90°), with the nanostructured substrates being more so. Since the CA for flat PU indicates a hydrophobic surface, the
  • wider, around 20–24 µm. The microridge height was 1.4–1.5 µm on the microgroove and hole–groove substrates, while it was 1.1 µm or 2 µm on the pillar–groove substrate if measured to the tip or base of the nanopillars, respectively. Water CA measurements on the grooved PU samples lead to two distinct CAs
  • (in PDMS) in conformal contact with the photoresist (Figure 1A(i)). AZ1518 was developed with AZ 300 MIF developer for 30 s, followed by rinsing with ultrapure water and N2 drying (Figure 1A(v)). The nanopatterned AZ1518 was finally post-baked at 120 °C for 2 min to improve substrate adhesion. PDMS (A
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Published 29 Nov 2023

Elasticity, an often-overseen parameter in the development of nanoscale drug delivery systems

  • Agnes-Valencia Weiss and
  • Marc Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1149–1156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.95

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  • -loaded gelatin nanoparticles imaged in the quantitative imaging mode with a JPK NanoWizard III in Milli-Q® water at 37 °C, as well as the extracted Young’s modulus map as previously described [22] (Figure 1). Takechi-Haraya et al. showed that for liposomes both methods deliver the same results [21]. The
  • high impact of performing the measurement in air or in water, resulting in lower values using water due to swelling and/or softening effects. The knowledge about the influence of measurement conditions on the absolute elastic value is still limited. Temperature is an important factor in the context of
  • filled with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) cores of different sizes resulting in interfacial water layers with different thicknesses and therefore with tunable elasticity [38]. Semielastic particles whose Young’s moduli were around 50 mPa showed the fastest diffusion in mucus. However, harder
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Published 23 Nov 2023

A multi-resistance wide-range calibration sample for conductive probe atomic force microscopy measurements

  • François Piquemal,
  • Khaled Kaja,
  • Pascal Chrétien,
  • José Morán-Meza,
  • Frédéric Houzé,
  • Christian Ulysse and
  • Abdelmounaim Harouri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1141–1148, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.94

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  • , repeatability, and exactness [41][42]. The formation of a humidity-induced water meniscus at the tip–sample interface, the presence of surface contamination, and thermal drifts induce significant instabilities in C-AFM measurements [42][43]. Moreover, local overheating and anodic oxidation phenomena are
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Published 22 Nov 2023
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