Search results

Search for "calibration" in Full Text gives 335 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. Showing first 200.

High-throughput synthesis of modified Fresnel zone plate arrays via ion beam lithography

  • Kahraman Keskinbora,
  • Umut Tunca Sanli,
  • Margarita Baluktsian,
  • Corinne Grévent,
  • Markus Weigand and
  • Gisela Schütz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2049–2056, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.194

Graphical Abstract
  • were resolved in both x- and y-direction with high sharpness and contrast, revealing the defects in the test object coming from its fabrication process. In order to test the ultimate resolution of the optic, the certified calibration standard BAM L-200 sample was imaged at 1.12 eV. The raw gray-scale
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 25 Jul 2018

A differential Hall effect measurement method with sub-nanometre resolution for active dopant concentration profiling in ultrathin doped Si1−xGex and Si layers

  • Richard Daubriac,
  • Emmanuel Scheid,
  • Hiba Rizk,
  • Richard Monflier,
  • Sylvain Joblot,
  • Rémi Beneyton,
  • Pablo Acosta Alba,
  • Sébastien Kerdilès and
  • Filadelfo Cristiano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1926–1939, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.184

Graphical Abstract
  • context, the optimization of existing characterisation techniques for the measurement of dopant activation at the semiconductor surface (or the development of new ones) is therefore decisive for both the improvement of the fabrication processes and the calibration of the related technology CAD (TCAD
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 05 Jul 2018

Synthesis of rare-earth metal and rare-earth metal-fluoride nanoparticles in ionic liquids and propylene carbonate

  • Marvin Siebels,
  • Lukas Mai,
  • Laura Schmolke,
  • Kai Schütte,
  • Juri Barthel,
  • Junpei Yue,
  • Jörg Thomas,
  • Bernd M. Smarsly,
  • Anjana Devi,
  • Roland A. Fischer and
  • Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1881–1894, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.180

Graphical Abstract
  • and a sample angle of 33°. Spectra were recorded using polychromatic Al Kα excitation (11 kV, 20 mA) and an emission angle of 0°. Calibration of the XPS was carried out by recording spectra with Al Kα X-rays from clean samples of copper, silver and gold at 50 eV and 10 eV pass energy and comparison
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 28 Jun 2018

Closed polymer containers based on phenylboronic esters of resorcinarenes

  • Tatiana Yu. Sergeeva,
  • Rezeda K. Mukhitova,
  • Irek R. Nizameev,
  • Marsil K. Kadirov,
  • Polina D. Klypina,
  • Albina Y. Ziganshina and
  • Alexander I. Konovalov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1594–1601, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.151

Graphical Abstract
  • -convolution effect has been minimized by processing the obtained AFM data with the use of WSxM 5.0, Zod 2.0 and MatLAB software [52][53]. The calibration has been performed by using an imaging special calibration grid (STR3-1800P, VLSI Standards Inc.) in the temperature range of 20–60 °C. A Zetasizer Nano
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 29 May 2018

Colorimetric detection of Cu2+ based on the formation of peptide–copper complexes on silver nanoparticle surfaces

  • Gajanan Sampatrao Ghodake,
  • Surendra Krishna Shinde,
  • Rijuta Ganesh Saratale,
  • Avinash Ashok Kadam,
  • Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale,
  • Asad Syed,
  • Fuad Ameen and
  • Dae-Young Kim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1414–1422, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.134

Graphical Abstract
  • calibration curve, correlation coefficients (R2), and limit of detection (LOD) were studied using coordination peptides number approach. In all three instances, a linear correlation existed between the absorbance at 520 nm and the Cu2+ concentration over the ranges of 0.08–0.4, 0.08–0.72, and 0.08–1.44 µM Cu2
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 15 May 2018

Electrostatically actuated encased cantilevers

  • Benoit X. E. Desbiolles,
  • Gabriela Furlan,
  • Adam M. Schwartzberg,
  • Paul D. Ashby and
  • Dominik Ziegler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1381–1389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.130

Graphical Abstract
  • capacitor model to describe the electrostatic actuation. The predicted deflection and amplitudes match experimental results within a few percent. Consequently, target amplitudes can be set by the drive voltage without requiring calibration of optical lever sensitivity. Furthermore, the excitation bandwidth
  • , or vacuum environments. Keywords: amplitude calibration; atomic force microscopy; electrostatic excitation; encased cantilevers; liquid AFM; Introduction Dynamic atomic force microscopy requires excitation of the cantilever oscillation. Most commonly, this is achieved using a dither piezo built
  • . Table 1 below compares all model-based results with the experimentally found values. Discussion Calibration and validity of model We find that our simple parallel-capacitor model overestimates static actuation by only a few percent. Considering the drastic simplifications of the electrode and tip
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 08 May 2018

Enzymatically promoted release of organic molecules linked to magnetic nanoparticles

  • Chiara Lambruschini,
  • Silvia Villa,
  • Luca Banfi,
  • Fabio Canepa,
  • Fabio Morana,
  • Annalisa Relini,
  • Paola Riani,
  • Renata Riva and
  • Fulvio Silvetti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 986–999, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.92

Graphical Abstract
  • generated a calibration curve to quantify the released pyrenylmethylamine through HPLC with a variable wavelength detector (HPLC-VWD) (see Supporting Information File 1). First, the Boc protecting group was removed with trifluoroacetic acid/CH2Cl2. Then the two types of nanoparticles (NP@APTES with
  • sampling could lead to errors due to the heterogeneity of the mixture. Thus, after 72 h at 37 °C, the mixtures were washed several times with MeOH and the washings were diluted to a precise volume. By comparison with a calibration curve, the sample injected into the HPLC-VWD allowed the liberated μmols of
  • by a factor of 20 (thus to 500 μL). The quantitative determination of 1-pyrenylmethylamine was carried out through a calibration curve (see Supporting Information File 1), and resulted in 26 μg/mL = 13.0 μg (56.1 nmol). The percent of pyrenylmethylamine released is thus 7.1%. HPLC conditions. Column
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 27 Mar 2018

Automated image segmentation-assisted flattening of atomic force microscopy images

  • Yuliang Wang,
  • Tongda Lu,
  • Xiaolai Li and
  • Huimin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 975–985, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.91

Graphical Abstract
  • features for image flattening. Additionally, a standard calibration grating (10 µm-pitch grid, Bruker) with a nominal depth of 180 nm was also applied to demonstrate the role of image flattening on morphological characterization of AFM images. All AFM images used in this study were obtained on a commercial
  • . Therefore, image flattening needs to be implemented before analysis. Here we take an AFM image of a standard calibration grating as an example to validate the importance of image flattening in morphological characterization. The raw AFM image of the grating is shown in Figure 9a. The image exhibits a
  • direction. The optimized flattening result can be obtained when the drift direction and the fitting direction are perpendicular to each other. Morphological characterization of a standard AFM calibration grating with and without flattening. (a) The raw AFM image of the standard calibration grating. (b
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 26 Mar 2018

Comparative study of sculptured metallic thin films deposited by oblique angle deposition at different temperatures

  • Susann Liedtke,
  • Christoph Grüner,
  • Jürgen W. Gerlach and
  • Bernd Rauschenbach

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 954–962, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.89

Graphical Abstract
  • (LN2) through the Cu-block sample holder. The substrate temperature was controlled by two independent K-type thermocouples that were mounted directly on the surface of the LN2-sample holder. Another thermocouple of the same type was directly put into liquid nitrogen to ensure a precise calibration
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 22 Mar 2018

Facile chemical routes to mesoporous silver substrates for SERS analysis

  • Elina A. Tastekova,
  • Alexander Y. Polyakov,
  • Anastasia E. Goldt,
  • Alexander V. Sidorov,
  • Alexandra A. Oshmyanskaya,
  • Irina V. Sukhorukova,
  • Dmitry V. Shtansky,
  • Wolgang Grünert and
  • Anastasia V. Grigorieva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 880–889, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.82

Graphical Abstract
  • up to 2.5 μm) with a 50× objective lens. The diffraction grating was 2400 lines/mm, and the CCD camera had 1024 × 256 pixels. A standard (100) single crystalline silicon substrate was used for calibration. The analyte droplets (about 1–2 μL) were placed on the substrate and measured within ten
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 14 Mar 2018

Comparative study of antibacterial properties of polystyrene films with TiOx and Cu nanoparticles fabricated using cluster beam technique

  • Vladimir N. Popok,
  • Cesarino M. Jeppesen,
  • Peter Fojan,
  • Anna Kuzminova,
  • Jan Hanuš and
  • Ondřej Kylián

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 861–869, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.80

Graphical Abstract
  • not directly discriminate between live and dead cells but a decreasing or a stagnating number of cells mean an increasing amount of dead cells in the medium, because the number of cells should increase exponentially under conventional growth conditions. Thus, this calibration procedure allows to
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 12 Mar 2018

Heavy-metal detectors based on modified ferrite nanoparticles

  • Urszula Klekotka,
  • Ewelina Wińska,
  • Elżbieta Zambrzycka-Szelewa,
  • Dariusz Satuła and
  • Beata Kalska-Szostko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 762–770, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.69

Graphical Abstract
  • background correction technique with reference was used. The quantitative determination of Pb, Cd, and Cu was carried out by the external calibration graph technique. Synthesis of ferrite nanoparticles doped with Ca2+, Co2+, Mn2+, or Ni2+ To obtain doped ferrite nanoparticles, a modified co-precipitation
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 28 Feb 2018

Synthesis and characterization of two new TiO2-containing benzothiazole-based imine composites for organic device applications

  • Anna Różycka,
  • Agnieszka Iwan,
  • Krzysztof Artur Bogdanowicz,
  • Michal Filapek,
  • Natalia Górska,
  • Damian Pociecha,
  • Marek Malinowski,
  • Patryk Fryń,
  • Agnieszka Hreniak,
  • Jakub Rysz,
  • Paweł Dąbczyński and
  • Monika Marzec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 721–739, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.67

Graphical Abstract
  • heating stage. A Perkin Elmer DSC8000 calorimeter was used for calorimetric measurements. The temperature calibration procedure was done based on the onset of the melting point of water and indium. The sample was hermetically sealed in an aluminum pan of 30 μL. The temperature-dependent Fourier transform
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 26 Feb 2018

Optimisation of purification techniques for the preparation of large-volume aqueous solar nanoparticle inks for organic photovoltaics

  • Furqan Almyahi,
  • Thomas R. Andersen,
  • Nathan A. Cooling,
  • Natalie P. Holmes,
  • Matthew J. Griffith,
  • Krishna Feron,
  • Xiaojing Zhou,
  • Warwick J. Belcher and
  • Paul C. Dastoor

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 649–659, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.60

Graphical Abstract
  • saturation at high SDS content as the calibration samples (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S1B) clearly show detection of SDS at much higher absorbance (lower SDS content) than where the ASNP ink saturate. Thus it is clear the samples reach a fixed SDS content of 0.3–0.35 mg mL−1 beyond which no
  • the centrifugal and crossflow ultrafiltration, the filtrates with low dilution factors have lower constant surface tensions, which then increase sharply with increasing dilution factors before plateauing at high dilution factor. Using the calibration curve for absorption vs SDS concentration
  • samples consisting of 1 mL of filtrate mixed with 2 mL of a 22.5 µM MB stock solution. The UV–vis spectra of the reference (1 mL of water and 2 mL MB stock solution) and calibration standards (SDS solutions with concentrations 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1,.., 3.5 mg mL−1) are shown in Supporting Information
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 20 Feb 2018

Sensing behavior of flower-shaped MoS2 nanoflakes: case study with methanol and xylene

  • Maryam Barzegar,
  • Masoud Berahman and
  • Azam Iraji zad

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 608–615, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.57

Graphical Abstract
  • higher than for xylene, as the calibration curve indicated a linear response to increasing concentration. In addition, the simulation results showed that xylene interacts with defect sites while methanol can interact with both the pristine and the defect sites, leading to higher sensitivity, which
  • temperature, (b) for 400 ppm at different working temperatures. (a) Calibration curves of flower-shaped MoS2 nanoflakes towards xylene and methanol at 200 °C; (b) the sensitivity of the samples towards 400 ppm of CO, CH4, H2, xylene, and methanol at different working temperatures. The optimized structure of
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 16 Feb 2018

Lyapunov estimation for high-speed demodulation in multifrequency atomic force microscopy

  • David M. Harcombe,
  • Michael G. Ruppert,
  • Michael R. P. Ragazzon and
  • Andrew J. Fleming

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 490–498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.47

Graphical Abstract
  • have fundamental resonance frequencies of 168.8 kHz and 46.1 kHz, respectively. The samples used are a z-calibration grating (NT-MDT TGZ3) with periodic height features of approx. 500 nm and a blend of polystyrene (PS) and polyolefin elastomer (LDPE) available from Bruker (PS-LDPE-12M). Due to the
  • different elastic moduli of the PS and LPDE regions, the sample is widely used for qualitative imaging the material contrast. Imaging a TGZ3 calibration grating Higher-harmonic amplitude images with the first, second, third, sixth and seventh harmonics were obtained by the MF-LYAP and multiple parallel LIAs
  • /LPDE calibration grating Higher-harmonic phase images were obtained for the first five harmonics of a Bruker DMASP cantilever. The frequency response of the cantilever in free air and the power spectrum of its deflection signal during contact are shown in Figure 10. Here, the fundamental resonance
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 08 Feb 2018

Electron interaction with copper(II) carboxylate compounds

  • Michal Lacko,
  • Peter Papp,
  • Iwona B. Szymańska,
  • Edward Szłyk and
  • Štefan Matejčík

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 384–398, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.38

Graphical Abstract
  • ) energy, ε is electron energy and a, d are independent fitting parameters. Calibration of the electron energy has been carried out by measurement of the ionization potential of Ar atoms and calibration to its known value 15.76 eV [56] and with reference to the maximum of the electron attachment resonance
  • cylindrical electrostatic analyzer. In the present measurements, electrons pass through an analyzer at the fixed predefined energy, while the potential of the analyzer is varied with respect to the target chamber. An energy calibration was carried out by measuring known argon and xenon ionization potentials
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 01 Feb 2018

The nanofluidic confinement apparatus: studying confinement-dependent nanoparticle behavior and diffusion

  • Stefan Fringes,
  • Felix Holzner and
  • Armin W. Knoll

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 301–310, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.30

Graphical Abstract
  • obtained without the need of additional height calibration using immobilized particles [23]. The red line illustrates the modeled contrast of a particle positioned in the middle of the gap. The contrast modeled as a function of gap distance d and particle height h is shown as grayscale background in Figure
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 26 Jan 2018

Response under low-energy electron irradiation of a thin film of a potential copper precursor for focused electron beam induced deposition (FEBID)

  • Leo Sala,
  • Iwona B. Szymańska,
  • Céline Dablemont,
  • Anne Lafosse and
  • Lionel Amiaud

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 57–65, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.8

Graphical Abstract
  • fragmentation channel likely to occur during focused electron beam irradiation, especially if its desorption is high in the range of 0–5 eV . The ESD spectra of selected fragments are presented in Figure 3. Figure 3a is used for the energy calibration (see Experimental section). Figure 3b shows the detection of
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 05 Jan 2018

Material discrimination and mixture ratio estimation in nanocomposites via harmonic atomic force microscopy

  • Weijie Zhang,
  • Yuhang Chen,
  • Xicheng Xia and
  • Jiaru Chu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2771–2780, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.276

Graphical Abstract
  • thermal calibration method [39]. For amplitude calibration the inverse optical lever sensitivity in units of nm/V was determined via a noncontact method proposed by M. J. Higgins et al. [36]. The noise level of the AFM optical detector was less than 60 μV, which corresponds to an amplitude noise of
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 21 Dec 2017

Interactions of low-energy electrons with the FEBID precursor chromium hexacarbonyl (Cr(CO)6)

  • Jusuf M. Khreis,
  • João Ameixa,
  • Filipe Ferreira da Silva and
  • Stephan Denifl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2583–2590, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.258

Graphical Abstract
  • electric field was kept constant at electron energies of ca. 70 eV. For the study of dissociative electron attachment, the calibration of the incident electron energy scale was done by measuring the SF6− and F− resonances of SF6. The electron energy resolution was approximately 1 eV (FWHM) [27
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 04 Dec 2017

Nanoprofilometry study of focal conic domain structures in a liquid crystalline free surface

  • Anna N. Bagdinova,
  • Evgeny I. Demikhov,
  • Nataliya G. Borisenko and
  • Sergei M. Tolokonnikov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2544–2551, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.254

Graphical Abstract
  • of our study with other contributions on FCDs shows good quantitative correlation of the dimensions of the domains. This is an important result for nanoprofilometer calibration because it delivers calculated images. The FCD properties qualitatively correlate with theoretical predictions of [8
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 29 Nov 2017

Direct writing of gold nanostructures with an electron beam: On the way to pure nanostructures by combining optimized deposition with oxygen-plasma treatment

  • Domagoj Belić,
  • Mostafa M. Shawrav,
  • Emmerich Bertagnolli and
  • Heinz D. Wanzenboeck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2530–2543, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.253

Graphical Abstract
  • in Figure 1e had been deposited for 8.5 h while the working pressure during the introduction of precursor gas was maintained at 1.2 × 10−5 mbar. In a calibration experiment with nitrogen gas a chamber pressure of 1.2 × 10−5 mbar corresponded to a flux of 0.11 sccm. During such a long experiment the
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 29 Nov 2017

Synthesis of metal-fluoride nanoparticles supported on thermally reduced graphite oxide

  • Alexa Schmitz,
  • Kai Schütte,
  • Vesko Ilievski,
  • Juri Barthel,
  • Laura Burk,
  • Rolf Mülhaupt,
  • Junpei Yue,
  • Bernd Smarsly and
  • Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2474–2483, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.247

Graphical Abstract
  • recorded using polychromatic Al Kα excitation (14 kV, 20 mA) at an emission angle of 0°. Calibration was carried out by recording spectra with Al Kα X-rays from clean samples of copper, silver and gold at 20 eV and 10 eV pass energies and comparison with reference values. Powder X-ray diffractograms, PXRDs
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 22 Nov 2017

Strategy to discover full-length amyloid-beta peptide ligands using high-efficiency microarray technology

  • Clelia Galati,
  • Natalia Spinella,
  • Lucio Renna,
  • Danilo Milardi,
  • Francesco Attanasio,
  • Michele Francesco Maria Sciacca and
  • Corrado Bongiorno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2446–2453, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.243

Graphical Abstract
  • are detailed in Supporting Information File 1. Briefly, solutions of known concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 1 μM of Cy3-Aβ40 were dispensed on the functionalized HSE (Figure S3, Supporting Information File 1). The calibration curve of the fluorescence intensity as a function of the amyloid
  • concentration is reported in Figure S4 (Supporting Information File 1). A value of ca. 103 amyloid molecules captured per square micrometer was achieved. In order to find potential improvements of method, and to determine the limits of detection (LOD), a scanarray acquisition of the calibration slide was
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 20 Nov 2017
Other Beilstein-Institut Open Science Activities