Non-agglomerated silicon–organic nanoparticles and their nanocomplexes with oligonucleotides: synthesis and properties

• Asya S. Levina,
• Marina N. Repkova,
• Nadezhda V. Shikina,
• Zinfer R. Ismagilov,
• Svetlana A. Yashnik,
• Dmitrii V. Semenov,
• Yulia I. Savinovskaya,
• Natalia A. Mazurkova,
• Inna A. Pyshnaya and
• Valentina F. Zarytova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2516–2525, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.234

• . Oligonucleotides in Si–NH2·ODN complexes retain their ability to form complementary duplexes. The Si–NH2Flu nanoparticles and Si–NH2·ODNFlu nanocomplexes were shown by fluorescence microscopy to penetrate into human cells. The Si–NH2Flu nanoparticles predominantly accumulated in the cytoplasm whereas ODNFlu

• second fraction (5% CH3CN). The mobility of the product in TLC (Rf ≈ 0.5) differed from that of hydrolyzed FITC (Rf ≈ 0.65). The concentration of Si–NH-Flu (33 µM) was evaluated spectrophotometrically using the molar absorption coefficient for fluorescein (ε495 = 74000 cm−1·M−1). For fluorescence

• (b). Fluorescence microscopy images of A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells after their incubation with Si–NH2Flu nanoparticles and Si–NH2·ODN(3)Flu nanocomplexes. Fluorescein-labeled samples were detected in the green channel (488 nm) (a); DAPI-stained cell nuclei were detected in the blue channel

Enhanced antineoplastic/therapeutic efficacy using 5-fluorouracil-loaded calcium phosphate nanoparticles

• Shanid Mohiyuddin,
• Saba Naqvi and
• Gopinath Packirisamy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2499–2515, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.233

• with dual staining of acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) in the cells. The differential staining of the combination AO/EB reveals the different apoptotic phases. AO, with a fluorescence excitation/emission of 431/520 nm, can permeate the cells and yields a bright green fluorescence upon

• excitation. Likewise, EB, having an excitation/emission of 524/605 nm, provides an orange fluorescence upon intercalculation with dsDNA and can permeate into membrane-compromised cells only. The degree of EB staining in the cells dictates the proportion of the cell membrane compromised. During the early

• apoptotic stages, less EB is taken up by the cells, followed intermixed red–green fluorescence emission [41]. Like the MTT assay result, the 0.5×IC50 of CaP@5-FU NPs treated cells showed early apoptotic phase with less EB fluorescence in both the HCT-15 and A549 cancer cell lines. In the Figure 5A, the blue

SERS active Ag–SiO₂ nanoparticles obtained by laser ablation of silver in colloidal silica

• Cristina Gellini,
• Francesco Muniz-Miranda,
• Alfonso Pedone and
• Maurizio Muniz-Miranda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2396–2404, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.224

• signals increases the detection potential of this spectroscopic technique, as interference due to fluorescence does not usually occur by excitation in the NIR spectral region. The computational DFT approach, in addition to allowing a correct assignment of the observed SERS bands, evidenced that 2,2

The role of adatoms in chloride-activated colloidal silver nanoparticles for surface-enhanced Raman scattering enhancement

• Nicolae Leopold,
• Andrei Stefancu,
• Krisztian Herman,
• István Sz. Tódor,
• Stefania D. Iancu,
• Vlad Moisoiu and
• Loredana F. Leopold

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2236–2247, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.208

• observable anymore. In the case of 10−7, 10−8 and 10−11 M R6G analyzed with as-synthesized cit-AgNPs, only the fluorescence emission due to R6G was observed (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S4A,B). The SERS spectrum of R6G 10−8 M shows only fluorescence emission even after the addition of 10−4 M Ca2

Dumbbell gold nanoparticle dimer antennas with advanced optical properties

• Janning F. Herrmann and
• Christiane Höppener

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2188–2197, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.205

• procedure. Approximation of the electromagnetic field enhancement by measuring the fluorescence of high-QY emitters Tip-supported AuNP monomers and dimers are characterized for the provided electromagnetic field enhancement and light confinement capabilities by probing the fluorescence enhancement of

• quantum emitters with LSPR-matched absorption and emission spectra and high intrinsic quantum yields. The latter ensures that the probed fluorescence enhancement factor stems largely from the provided electromagnetic field enhancement [1][3][56]. Since the measurements are not carried out in the regime of

• strong coupling, this approach only provides an approximation of the electromagnetic field strength at the end point of the dimer, since at the same time, quenching of the fluorescence occurs. Despite of this, the method provides a straight forward means to compare modifications of the electromagnetic

Electrospun one-dimensional nanostructures: a new horizon for gas sensing materials

• Muhammad Imran,
• Nunzio Motta and
• Mahnaz Shafiei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2128–2170, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.202

The structural and chemical basis of temporary adhesion in the sea star Asterina gibbosa

• Birgit Lengerer,
• Marie Bonneel,
• Mathilde Lefevre,
• Elise Hennebert,
• Philippe Leclère,
• Emmanuel Gosselin,
• Peter Ladurner and
• Patrick Flammang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2071–2086, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.196

• fluorescence- and differential interference contrast images. (A2–F2) Confocal z-projections of lectin labelling. Scale bars: 10 µm; (inset) 2 µm. Structure of the footprints of Asterina gibbosa (light microscopy). (A1,A2) Cristal violet staining of a fresh footprint. (B1,B2) ConA labelling of a PFA fixed

Nanoconjugates of a calixresorcinarene derivative with methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) fragments for drug encapsulation

• Alina M. Ermakova,
• Julia E. Morozova,
• Yana V. Shalaeva,
• Victor V. Syakaev,
• Aidar T. Gubaidullin,
• Alexandra D. Voloshina,
• Vladimir V. Zobov,
• Irek R. Nizameev,
• Olga B. Bazanova,
• Igor S. Antipin and
• Alexander I. Konovalov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2057–2070, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.195

• Information File 1). By using fluorescence it was shown that in contrast to the mPEG-550 solution, the binding of Dox in the solution of 3 leads to the quenching of its fluorescence (Figure S11b–d, Supporting Information File 1). According to the data presented in Table 2, Dox is solubilized more effectively

• . The fluorescence emission of naproxen sodium is quenched in the presence of macrocycle and does not change in the presence of mPEG-550 (Figure S12, Supporting Information File 1). This is evidence for the binding of Nap near the aromatic fragments of macrocycle. After the solubilization of IF and Nap

• binding of the dye in micelles of macrocycle 3. As shown above, micelles of 3 exhibit temperature-dependent behaviour in the presence of salts, in particular, in 0.9% NaCl solution. So, the change of fluorescence response of the substrate while changing the temperature of 3 + Dox micellar solutions in 0.9

Preparation of micro/nanopatterned gelatins crosslinked with genipin for biocompatible dental implants

• Reika Makita,
• Tsukasa Akasaka,
• Seiichi Tamagawa,
• Yasuhiro Yoshida,
• Saori Miyata,
• Hirofumi Miyaji and
• Tsutomu Sugaya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1735–1754, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.165

• molded to be 500 nm in diameter and 2 µm or 500 nm in height, or 100 nm in diameter and 200 nm in height, with the planar surface being used as the control. The fluorescence images revealed that the distribution of vinculin was largely different, depending on the shape and size of the pattern surface

• . Unfortunately, auto-fluorescence, caused by azo-compounds in the crosslinked genipin, slightly interfered with the observation of green and red fluorescence of the cells [50]. The red fluorescence of actin was particular not clear in this observation. The cells and nuclei on the grooves were aligned along the

• number and size of vinculin spots on the planar surface (Figure 9m,n). Nevertheless, a slight difference was observed; the fluorescence strength of vinculin on the pillars with heights of 2 µm (Figure 9j,k,l) was slightly weaker than the fluorescent strength after 1 day of culturing. Cell proliferation

Closed polymer containers based on phenylboronic esters of resorcinarenes

• Tatiana Yu. Sergeeva,
• Rezeda K. Mukhitova,
• Irek R. Nizameev,
• Marsil K. Kadirov,
• Polina D. Klypina,
• Albina Y. Ziganshina and
• Alexander I. Konovalov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1594–1601, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.151

• the environments solvent [46]. It is possible to control the location of the dyes in the container as well as their release when the container is destroyed, using fluorescence spectroscopy. The synthesis of the nanoparticles with the dyes (D@p(SRA-B), where D = Fl, Py and PTS) was carried out similar

• and emission bands indicates the location of Fl in the organic phase [47][48] (Figure 2). Py@p(SRA-B) exhibits a bathochromic shift of the absorption bands relative to free Py. In the fluorescence spectrum of Py@p(SRA-B), the decrease in the intensity of the first emission band in comparison with the

• weeks as evident from fluorescence spectroscopy data. However, when the solution is acidified, p(SRA-B) dissociates and the dyes are released into the water (Scheme 3). The fluorescence spectra of PTS@p(SRA-B) do not change when the pH value is decreased from 9 to 5, but the emission increases at pH 3

Sheet-on-belt branched TiO₂(B)/rGO powders with enhanced photocatalytic activity

• Huan Xing,
• Wei Wen and
• Jin-Ming Wu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1550–1557, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.146

• was adopted to determine the specific surface area. The sample was degassed at 150 °C for 20 h to remove physisorbed gases prior to the measurement. The ambient photoluminescence (PL) emission spectra characterizations were carried out on a fluorescence spectrophotometer (HITACHI F-4500) with an

Optical near-field mapping of plasmonic nanostructures prepared by nanosphere lithography

• Gitanjali Kolhatkar,
• Alexandre Merlen,
• Jiawei Zhang,
• Chahinez Dab,
• Gregory Q. Wallace,
• François Lagugné-Labarthet and
• Andreas Ruediger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1536–1543, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.144

• with a femtosecond laser, thereby inducing polymerization at the hot spots. In another approach, based on confocal fluorescence microscopy, a dye solution is deposited on the samples, and the higher fluorescence magnitude originating from the hot spots is measured [19]. However, these last four

Colorimetric detection of Cu²⁺ based on the formation of peptide–copper complexes on silver nanoparticle surfaces

• Gajanan Sampatrao Ghodake,
• Surendra Krishna Shinde,
• Rijuta Ganesh Saratale,
• Avinash Ashok Kadam,
• Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale,
• Asad Syed,
• Fuad Ameen and
• Dae-Young Kim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1414–1422, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.134

• strategies have limited practical applications due to a relatively high detection limit (3.0–20 μM) [11], which is much higher than that of fluorescence methods (0.8 μM) [5]. Recently, colorimetric methods based on gold [12], and platinum NPs have been widely reported for on-site use and analysis of multiple

Nanoporous silicon nitride-based membranes of controlled pore size, shape and areal density: Fabrication as well as electrophoretic and molecular filtering characterization

• Axel Seidenstücker,
• Stefan Beirle,
• Fabian Enderle,
• Paul Ziemann,
• Othmar Marti and
• Alfred Plettl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1390–1398, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.131

• very low flow resistance of these porous membranes in ionic solutions as expected theoretically. Size-selective separation of protein molecules was demonstrated by real-time fluorescence microscopy. Keywords: ion transport; micellar technique; molecular filtration; nanopores; solid-state membrane

• well as FIB-drilled single pores is carried out. Subsequently, molecular filtering as a direct application of our nanoporous membranes is demonstrated: Successful size-selective separation of dye molecules and labeled proteins is observed by real-time fluorescence microscopy. Results and Discussion

• presented measurements of membranes with millions of pores. Permselectivity studies by fluorescence microscopy The main potential of nanoporous membranes will be the sieving of macromolecules in aqueous solution, especially for medical and biological use and even on an industrial scale [15][42][43

Semi-automatic spray pyrolysis deposition of thin, transparent, titania films as blocking layers for dye-sensitized and perovskite solar cells

• Hana Krýsová,
• Josef Krýsa and
• Ladislav Kavan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1135–1145, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.105

• microscopy (SEM) (Hitachi FE SEM S-4800 microscope), and UV–vis spectroscopy (Varian CARY 100 with integrating sphere DRA-CA-30I and 8° reflectance geometry, Varian, USA). X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) analysis was performed on an ARL 9400 XP sequential WD-XRF spectrometer (Thermo ARL, Switzerland

Room-temperature single-photon emitters in titanium dioxide optical defects

• Kelvin Chung,
• Yu H. Leung,
• Chap H. To,
• Aleksandra B. Djurišić and
• Snjezana Tomljenovic-Hanic

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1085–1094, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.100

• (NAMI), Science Park, Hong Kong 10.3762/bjnano.9.100 Abstract Fluorescence properties of crystallographic point defects within different morphologies of titanium dioxide were investigated. For the first time, room-temperature single-photon emission in titanium dioxide optical defects was discovered in

• -photon source within a wide bandgap semiconductor. Keywords: fluorescence; optical defects; room temperature; single-photon emitters; titanium dioxide; Introduction Single-photon sources offer non-classical states of light [1] and are a prerequisite for future quantum technologies [2]. There are many

• emission. ZnO is the only metal oxide reported to host single-photon emitting defects at room temperature and was recently shown to exhibit stable fluorescence when uptaken into skin cells, making it a viable biomarker [11]. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a well-studied wide-bandgap semiconductor, its

Enzymatically promoted release of organic molecules linked to magnetic nanoparticles

• Chiara Lambruschini,
• Silvia Villa,
• Luca Banfi,
• Fabio Canepa,
• Fabio Morana,
• Annalisa Relini,
• Paola Riani,
• Renata Riva and
• Fulvio Silvetti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 986–999, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.92

• fluorescence spectra measured on the unbound amine 6 and on the conjugated system 9 using an excitation wavelength of 345 nm. All spectra were recorded using a DMSO solution of the samples. No fluorescence signal was detected for the APTES-coated magnetic NPs. The spectrum of 6 is similar to the fluorescent

• spectrum of pyrene. The fluorescence emission spectrum of pyrene, and therefore of 6, is characterized by an ensemble of four major bands with well-defined maxima at ≈375, 388, 398, and 415 nm, respectively. The peaks are attributed to the π → π* transitions and are cumulatively defined as monomeric

• azelate-linked conjugate 13. Figure 3B reports the fluorescence spectra for this compound and for unconjugated 12. Finally, the infrared spectra of both 9 and 13 are reported in Figure 4 and compared with the spectra of NP@APTES and of magnetite. Although a broadening of the peaks is observed, the signals

Electro-optical interfacial effects on a graphene/π-conjugated organic semiconductor hybrid system

• Karolline A. S. Araujo,
• Luiz A. Cury,
• Matheus J. S. Matos,
• Thales F. D. Fernandes,
• Luiz G. Cançado and
• Bernardo R. A. Neves

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 963–974, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.90

• associated, respectively, with resonance Raman bands from all-trans-retinal species [25], and with fluorescence recombination from 1Bu+ and 1Ag-(ππ*) singlet excited manifolds states [26][27]. Nevertheless, the most interesting feature is shown in Figure 3c, which presents the integrated PL intensity as a

Noble metal-modified titania with visible-light activity for the decomposition of microorganisms

• Maya Endo,
• Zhishun Wei,
• Kunlei Wang,
• Baris Karabiyik,
• Kenta Yoshiiri,
• Paulina Rokicka,
• Bunsho Ohtani,
• Agata Markowska-Szczupak and
• Ewa Kowalska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 829–841, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.77

• . The spores of A. niger, A. melleus and P. chrysogenum were collected with 8.5 g/L NaCl aqueous solution, and the suspension was inoculated on the Petri dishes. Dishes were irradiated with fluorescence light or kept in dark. After three and eight days of exposure the diameters of colonies were measured

• spores were counted by Thoma hemacytometers and 10,000 spores/mL of the suspension was inoculated on the slants. The slants were irradiated with fluorescence light or kept in dark. Triton X-100 (0.05%) in 8.5 g/L NaCl aqueous solution was added to the culture after five days and mixed with a vortex mixer

Correction: Photobleaching of YOYO-1 in super-resolution single DNA fluorescence imaging

• Joseph R. Pyle and
• Jixin Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 809–811, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.74

A review of carbon-based and non-carbon-based catalyst supports for the selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxide

• Shahreen Binti Izwan Anthonysamy,
• Syahidah Binti Afandi,
• Mehrnoush Khavarian and
• Abdul Rahman Bin Mohamed

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 740–761, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.68

• following [49]. In particular, the catalyst active phases before and after SCR-NH3 reaction are typically characterised by: atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) temperature-programmed reduction

Perovskite-structured CaTiO₃ coupled with g-C₃N₄ as a heterojunction photocatalyst for organic pollutant degradation

• Ashish Kumar,
• Christian Schuerings,
• Suneel Kumar,
• Ajay Kumar and
• Venkata Krishnan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 671–685, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.62

• ) spectroscopy measurements were carried out by using an Agilent Technologies Cary Eclipse fluorescence spectrophotometer. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area and nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms were measured at 77 K on a Quantachrome Autosorb-iQ-MP-XR system. Photocatalytic degradation study

Mechanistic insights into plasmonic photocatalysts in utilizing visible light

• Kah Hon Leong,
• Azrina Abd Aziz,
• Lan Ching Sim,
• Pichiah Saravanan,
• Min Jang and
• Detlef Bahnemann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 628–648, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.59

• decay, H2O2 is the most stable of the molecules and can be detected separately. As of now, various methods have been employed for its quantification in photocatalysis reactions and could be classified as (1) direct optical absorption in UV and IR regions, (2) coloration and (3) fluorescence probe

• - acetic acid mediated with horseradish peroxidase as a catalyst. The complete reaction scheme is explained in Figure 13a [115]. The intensity of the generated fluorescence is analysed using a fluorescence spectrophotometer with an emission wavelength of 408.5 nm excited at 316.5 nm. The concentration of

• the peroxide is directly proportional to the intensity of the created fluorescence as explained by the Beer–Lambert law [121][122][123]. Alternatively, a fluorescence probe reagent, dihydrorhodamine 123 was also reported to detect H2O2 in photocatalytic systems where dihydrorhodamine 123 is oxidized

Green synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots from spices for in vitro imaging and tumour cell growth inhibition

• Nagamalai Vasimalai,
• Vânia Vilas-Boas,
• Juan Gallo,
• María de Fátima Cerqueira,
• Mario Menéndez-Miranda,
• José Manuel Costa-Fernández,
• Lorena Diéguez,
• Begoña Espiña and
• María Teresa Fernández-Argüelles

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 530–544, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.51

• characterized by means of UV–vis, fluorescence, Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. The optical performance showed an outstanding ability for imaging purposes, with quantum yields up to 43.6%. Thus, the cytotoxicity of the above

• surface of the C-dots might be responsible for the selective cytotoxicity, as suggested by the presence of piperine in the surface of black pepper C-dots analysed by ESI-QTOF-MS. Keywords: bioimaging; carbon quantum dots; fluorescence; spices; Introduction Recent developments in nanotechnology have led

• compatibility and water solubility without the need of performing surface chemistry after their synthesis make them the perfect candidates for optical bioimaging and other biomedical applications [5][6][7]. The fluorescence mechanism of C-dots is not fully understood and there is an ongoing debate on the origin

Influence of the preparation method on the photocatalytic activity of Nd-modified TiO₂

• Patrycja Parnicka,
• Paweł Mazierski,
• Tomasz Grzyb,
• Wojciech Lisowski,
• Ewa Kowalska,
• Bunsho Ohtani,
• Adriana Zaleska-Medynska and
• Joanna Nadolna

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 447–459, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.43

• which active species are responsible for the degradation of phenol under vis irradiation, hydroxyl radical generation tests with terephthalic acid (TPA) were performed. Figure 9 shows the fluorescence of 2-hydroxyterephthalic acid after 60 min in the presence of pristine and Nd-modified TiO2 under UV

• injection volume was 30 μL. For fluorescnece measurements, 2 mL of the reaction mixture of terephthalic acid were collected after 60 min irradiation and filtered through syringe filters (diameter 0.2 μm) to remove the suspended photocatalyst particles. Fluorescence spectra were measured at room temperature

• carrier recombination processes. Fluorescence spectral changes in a solution of terephthalic acid under (a) UV–vis (λ > 350 nm) and (b) vis (λ > 420 nm) light irradiation. Photocatalytic decomposition of phenol in the presence of Nd-modified TiO2 and scavengers after 60 min of visible (λ > 420 nm