Serum heat inactivation diminishes ApoE-mediated uptake of D-Lin-MC3-DMA lipid nanoparticles

• Demian van Straten,
• Luuk van de Schepop,
• Rowan Frunt,
• Pieter Vader and
• Raymond M. Schiffelers

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 740–748, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.57

• by which FCS heat inactivation could affect cellular interactions with LNPs were studied in detail. Materials and Methods Buffers, reagents, materials Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), bovine serum albumin (BSA), thioflavin T (ThT), cholesterol and distearoylphosphatidylcholine (DSPC) were purchased

• probed with ThT, a dye that increases in fluorescence after it binds to aggregated or misfolded protein [32] (Figure 2A). Bovine serum albumin was used as a control protein as it is a major component of serum and known to be relatively heat resistant. No increase in fluorescence was seen between ApoE3

Functionalized gold nanoflowers on carbon screen-printed electrodes: an electrochemical platform for biosensing hemagglutinin protein of influenza A H1N1 virus

• Carlos Enrique Torres-Méndez,
• Sharmilee Nandi,
• Klara Martinovic,
• Patrizia Kühne,
• Yifan Liu,
• Sam Taylor,
• Maria Lysandrou,
• Maria Ines Berrojo Romeyro Mascarenhas,
• Viktoria Langwallner,
• Javier Enrique Sebastián Alonso,
• Ivana Jovanovic,
• Maike Lüftner,
• Georgia-Vasiliki Gkountana,
• David Bern,
• Abdul-Raouf Atif,
• Ehsan Manouchehri Doulabi,
• Gemma Mestres and
• Masood Kamali-Moghaddam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 540–550, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.42

• , followed by blocking with bovine serum albumin to minimize nonspecific hydrophobic binding. The electrodes were characterized by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy experiments in the presence of [Fe(CN)6]3−/4−. Differential pulse voltammetry was used to measure the change in

• , potassium chloride, potassium hexacyanoferrate(II) trihydrate, potassium hexacyanoferrate(III), N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), N-hydroxy succinimide (NHS), phosphate-buffered saline pH 7.4 (PBS), and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were all purchased from Sigma-Aldrich

• the section bound to the surface. This leads to proper antibody orientation such that the entire antigen binding site is available for adequate biorecognition [44]. No significant peak-to-peak separation change was observed in the CV analysis after immobilization of mAbs and blocking with bovine serum

A biomimetic approach towards a universal slippery liquid infused surface coating

• Ryan A. Faase,
• Madeleine H. Hummel,
• AnneMarie V. Hasbrook,
• Andrew P. Carpenter and
• Joe E. Baio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1376–1389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.111

• of 1 × 108 platelets/mL [33][34]. FXIIa assay Wells of interest of a nontreated 96-well polystyrene were blocked with 300 μL 1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) in Milli-Q water for 2 h at 37 °C. After 2 h, the wells were rinsed three times with Milli-Q water. Plates were coated immediately prior to use

Interaction of graphene oxide with tannic acid: computational modeling and toxicity mitigation in C. elegans

• Romana Petry,
• James M. de Almeida,
• Francine Côa,
• Felipe Crasto de Lima,
• Diego Stéfani T. Martinez and
• Adalberto Fazzio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1297–1311, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.105

• translocation to other organs or oxidative stress. Similarly, Rive et al. [58] did not detect any detrimental effects in C. elegans exposed to amino-functionalized GO. Moreover, biomolecules interacting with the GO surface also have an effect on its toxicity, Côa et al. [14] observed that a bovine serum albumin

Dual-functionalized architecture enables stable and tumor cell-specific SiO₂NPs in complex biological fluids

• Iris Renata Sousa Ribeiro,
• Raquel Frenedoso da Silva,
• Romênia Ramos Domingues,
• Adriana Franco Paes Leme and
• Mateus Borba Cardoso

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1238–1252, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.100

• adsorbed protein, and the supernatant was discarded. The bead+protein set was then incubated with 50 mM (hydroxymethyl)aminomethane buffer (Tris, pH 7.4) + 0.03% bovine serum albumin (BSA) + 0.1% Triton X for 60 min at room temperature and under manual agitation. Then, the supernatant was removed, and the

• cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde for 20 min and permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 and 2% bovine serum albumin for 40 min. F-actin was stained for 30 min with 10 µg/mL phalloidin-FITC (fluorescein isothiocyanate), and the nuclei were counterstained with 2 µg/mL of 4’,6-diamino-2-phenylindole

Unveiling the potential of alginate-based nanomaterials in sensing technology and smart delivery applications

• Shakhzodjon Uzokboev,
• Khojimukhammad Akhmadbekov,
• Ra’no Nuritdinova,
• Salah M. Tawfik and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1077–1104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.88

• authors used theophylline and bovine serum albumin as drug models and alginate–starch polymer as a drug matrix for studying the controlled release. Research confirmed that modification of alginate with starch can improve the encapsulation efficiency of the matrix from 60% to 75%. Moreover, this novel drug

• nanoparticles might be further developed as a tracking device for sweat glucose detection. Another microfluidic fiber-based enzymatic biosensor was developed. Microfibers encapsulated bovine serum albumin (BSA), glucose oxidase (GOx), and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) efficiently (Figure 9). In contrast

Exfoliation of titanium nitride using a non-thermal plasma process

• Priscila Jussiane Zambiazi,
• Dolores Ribeiro Ricci Lazar,
• Larissa Otubo,
• Rodrigo Fernando Brambilla de Souza,
• Almir Oliveira Neto and
• Cecilia Chaves Guedes-Silva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 631–637, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.53

• electrostatically driven exfoliation of WO3 powder using bovine serum albumin as an exfoliating agent at pH 4 [8]. Subsequently, in 2018, Balan et al. [9] achieved the synthesis of hematene, a n-vdW 2D material, from natural iron ore hematite (α-Fe2O3) using liquid exfoliation. Unlike hematite, hematene exhibited

Cholesterol nanoarchaeosomes for alendronate targeted delivery as an anti-endothelial dysfunction agent

• Horacio Emanuel Jerez,
• Yamila Roxana Simioni,
• Kajal Ghosal,
• Maria Jose Morilla and
• Eder Lilia Romero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 517–534, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.46

• with PBS and fixed with 3.7% formaldehyde in PBS for 30 min. Then, cells were permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 in PBS for 10 min, followed by 30 min incubation with 1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) in PBS. Finally, cells were incubated with CytoPainter Phalloidin-iFluor 488 [87] for 90 min and Hoechst

Classification and application of metal-based nanoantioxidants in medicine and healthcare

• Nguyen Nhat Nam,
• Nguyen Khoi Song Tran,
• Tan Tai Nguyen,
• Nguyen Ngoc Trai,
• Nguyen Phuong Thuy,
• Hoang Dang Khoa Do,
• Nhu Hoa Thi Tran and
• Kieu The Loan Trinh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 396–415, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.36

• homeostasis in tumors through a series of cascade reactions but also establish cyclic regeneration of relevant substrates. Another study combined MnO2 nanoparticles with bovine serum albumin (BSA) to obtain GPx activity [47]. The in vitro results showed excellent biocompatibility of the MnO2-BSA nanoparticles

Study of the reusability and stability of nylon nanofibres as an antibody immobilisation surface

• Inés Peraile,
• Matilde Gil-García,
• Laura González-López,
• Nushin A. Dabbagh-Escalante,
• Juan C. Cabria-Ramos and
• Paloma Lorenzo-Lozano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 83–94, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.8

• ” developed in this paper, bovine serum albumin (BSA) was chosen as a surrogate for biotoxins. In contrast, in the “Stability study” carried out in this paper, ricin was used as a representative biotoxin instead of a surrogate because the “Stability study” required less handling than the “Nanofibre

Fluorescent bioinspired albumin/polydopamine nanoparticles and their interactions with Escherichia coli cells

• Eloïse Equy,
• Jordana Hirtzel,
• Sophie Hellé,
• Béatrice Heurtault,
• Eric Mathieu,
• Morgane Rabineau,
• Vincent Ball and
• Lydie Ploux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1208–1224, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.100

• applications, especially because of their biocompatibility. We synthesized and characterized fluorescent PDA NPs of 10–25 nm diameter based on a protein containing a lysine–glutamate diad (bovine serum albumin, BSA) and determined whether they can penetrate and accumulate in bacterial cells to serve as a

• protein and to determine whether they can enter and accumulate in bacterial cells. The investigation has been conducted with NPs made of polydopamine (PDA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA), and Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria as a bacterial model. Three different types of fluorescent BSA/PDA NPs have

• . Experimental Synthesis Reagents Dopamine (DA) hydrochloride and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany) and used without purification. Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RhBITC), hydrochloric acid 37% (wt/v), absolute ethanol and Hellmanex® were

Recognition mechanisms of hemoglobin particles by monocytes – CD163 may just be one

• Jonathan-Gabriel Nimz,
• Pichayut Rerkshanandana,
• Chiraphat Kloypan,
• Ulrich Kalus,
• Saranya Chaiwaree,
• Axel Pruß,
• Radostina Georgieva,
• Yu Xiong and
• Hans Bäumler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1028–1040, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.85

• might not be their Hb content. In their work from 2013, Yan et al. [40] showed how the formation of a protein corona influences particle–cell interactions. Especially bovine serum albumin (BSA) showed an ambivalent effect. On the one hand, the corona, which consisted mainly of BSA, reduced the direct

Carboxylic acids and light interact to affect nanoceria stability and dissolution in acidic aqueous environments

• Matthew L. Hancock,
• Eric A. Grulke and
• Robert A. Yokel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 762–780, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.63

• , distribution, and toxicity of nanoceria within biological systems. Cellular uptake studies of nanoceria in lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cells favored particles with a negative zeta potential. However, positively charged particles resulted in greater bovine serum albumin adsorption. This suggests that surface

Gap-directed chemical lift-off lithographic nanoarchitectonics for arbitrary sub-micrometer patterning

• Chang-Ming Wang,
• Hong-Sheng Chan,
• Chia-Li Liao,
• Che-Wei Chang and
• Wei-Ssu Liao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 34–44, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.4

• Grove, PA, USA). Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and 10× phosphate buffered saline (PBS, contains 1.37 M NaCl, 0.027 M KCl, 0.10 M Na2HPO4, and 0.018 M KH2PO4) were purchased from Bioman Scientific Co., Ltd. (Taipei, Taiwan). Ethanol (99.5 wt %), acetone (99.5 wt %), and isopropanol (99.9 wt %) were

Design of surface nanostructures for chirality sensing based on quartz crystal microbalance

• Yinglin Ma,
• Xiangyun Xiao and
• Qingmin Ji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1201–1219, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.100

• modified QCM sensors [29]. The sensor layers were constructed by self-assembly of ʟ(ᴅ)-Val monolayers or comb-teeth-type grafted polymer brushes with ʟ(ᴅ)-Val. According to the frequency shifts upon bovine serum albumin (BSA) adsorption, ʟ-Val-modified sensors were shown to have a stronger binding to BSA

Stimuli-responsive polypeptide nanogels for trypsin inhibition

• Petr Šálek,
• Jana Dvořáková,
• Sviatoslav Hladysh,
• Diana Oleshchuk,
• Ewa Pavlova,
• Jan Kučka and
• Vladimír Proks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 538–548, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.45

• confirmed by dynamic light scattering and zeta potential measurements. The loading capacity of PHEG-Tyr and Nα-Lys-NG nanogels and their release profiles were first optimized with bovine serum albumin. The nanogels were then used for loading and release of AAT. PHEG-Tyr and Nα-Lys-NG nanogels showed

• acid-labile cholesteryl-modified pullulan nanogel that formed a complex with loaded bovine serum albumin and released it under acidic conditions [17]. Landfester et al. used a bio-orthogonal reaction to fabricate a dextran nanogel with pH-responsive hydrazine linkages allowing for a controlled release

• optimizing the loading and release from PHEG-Tyr and Nα-Lys-NG with bovine serum albumin (BSA), loading and release of AAT were investigated. The results show that AAT has a higher affinity to Nα-Lys-NG and both nanogel depots demonstrate burst release over 6 h followed by continuous release over ca. 160 h

Zinc oxide nanostructures for fluorescence and Raman signal enhancement: a review

• Ioana Marica,
• Fran Nekvapil,
• Maria Ștefan,
• Cosmin Farcău and
• Alexandra Falamaș

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 472–490, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.40

• were successfully used for the detection of relevant biological and biomedical proteins, such as bovine serum albumin and streptavidin, as well as to study the protein–protein interactions by enhanced fluorescence detection [117]. The ZnO nanoplatforms showed several key advantages, such as enhanced

Effects of drug concentration and PLGA addition on the properties of electrospun ampicillin trihydrate-loaded PLA nanofibers

• Tuğba Eren Böncü and
• Nurten Ozdemir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 245–254, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.19

• properties values (p < 0.05). This was similar to our previous studies with linezolid-loaded PLGA and PCL/PLGA nanofibers [16][30]. Chew et al. (2006) also showed that an increase in bovine serum albumin caused an increase in nanofiber diameter and a decrease in mechanical properties of poly(caprolactone-co

A comprehensive review on electrospun nanohybrid membranes for wastewater treatment

• Senuri Kumarage,
• Imalka Munaweera and
• Nilwala Kottegoda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 137–159, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.10

• work, a mildly hydrolyzed PAN membrane has been modified by fusing bovine serum albumin (BSA) obtained from laboratory wastes, and it has shown a maximum dye removal capacity of 434.78 mg/g, at pH 12 for TBO. The membrane has the ability to be regenerated by eluting the dye completely with 1 M NaCl or

Theranostic potential of self-luminescent branched polyethyleneimine-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles

• Rouhollah Khodadust,
• Ozlem Unal and
• Havva Yagci Acar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 82–95, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.6

• was recorded using a UV–vis spectrophotometer (Shimadzu UV-3600 UV–vis–NIR spectrophotometer). A calibration curve was prepared with bovine serum albumin (BSA) at concentration values of 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 µg/mL in PBS to enable a correlation between the measured absorbance and protein

An overview of microneedle applications, materials, and fabrication methods

• Zahra Faraji Rad,
• Philip D. Prewett and
• Graham J. Davies

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1034–1046, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.77

• incorporated drug. A wide range of molecules including the anthrax vaccine [26], aminolevulinic acid [27], calcein [28], erythropoietin [29], bovine serum albumin [30][31], ovalbumin [32], insulin [33][34], and plasmid DNA [35] have been transdermally delivered using microneedles of various designs, aimed at a

• microneedles of soluble poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and PLGA–polyvinylpyrrolidone (PLGA–PVP) layered combinations have been used to provide controlled drug delivery of bovine serum albumin (BSA), rather than instantaneous release [60]. There are only a few published studies demonstrating the

Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

• Sepand Tehrani Fateh,
• Lida Moradi,
• Elmira Kohan,
• Michael R. Hamblin and
• Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 808–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.64

• isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled bovine serum albumin (BSA), FITC-labeled 150, 500, and 2000 kDa dextrans into DU145 prostate cancer cells. They blocked the endocytosis mechanism to assess whether the endocytic pathway was upregulated during US exposure. They showed that all of these fluorescent molecules were

Differences in surface chemistry of iron oxide nanoparticles result in different routes of internalization

• Barbora Svitkova,
• Vlasta Zavisova,
• Veronika Nemethova,
• Martina Koneracka,
• Miroslava Kretova,
• Filip Razga,
• Monika Ursinyova and
• Alena Gabelova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 270–281, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.22

• involved in the internalization of polyethylene glycol-coated MNPs. Our data indicate that surface engineering can contribute to an enhanced delivery efficiency of nanoparticles. Keywords: bovine serum albumin; cellular uptake; magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles; polyethylene glycol; surface coating

• functionalization to increase their accumulation in the tumor mass [3]. Numerous coating moieties have been employed to modify the surface properties of MNPs [16]. Among them, polyethylene glycol (PEG), a non-degradable polyether of the monomer ethylene glycol, and bovine serum albumin (BSA), a versatile protein

• of CME under different physiological conditions is poorly understood and other studies are required to bridge this gap in our knowledge. Conclusion MNPs coated with bovine serum albumin (BSA-SO-MNPs) and polyethylene glycol (PEG-SO-MNPs), were found to enter the cells by different routes of

A review on the biological effects of nanomaterials on silkworm (Bombyx mori)

• Sandra Senyo Fometu,
• Guohua Wu,
• Lin Ma and
• Joan Shine Davids

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 190–202, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.15

• the resulting silk fiber with a mechanical strength of 1.07 GPa and a strain of 16.8% [170]. The effects of bovine serum albumin (BSA)-stabilized gold nanoclusters (BSA-Au NCs) at different concentrations (9.38, 1.88, 0.938, and 0.188 µg) inserted via intravascular injection in the silkworm was

Effect of different silica coatings on the toxicity of upconversion nanoparticles on RAW 264.7 macrophage cells

• Cynthia Kembuan,
• Helena Oliveira and
• Christina Graf

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 35–48, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.3

• ionic strength of the cell culture medium (I = 168 mmol/L) reduces the electrostatic stabilization. Besides, the proteins in the DMEM cell culture medium supplemented with 10% FBS contribute to the measured hydrodynamic diameter values [51]. FBS consists mostly of bovine serum albumin. The Z-average