The role of biochar in combating microplastic pollution: a bibliometric analysis in environmental contexts

• Tuan Minh Truong Dang,
• Thao Thu Thi Huynh,
• Guo-Ping Chang-Chien and
• Ha Manh Bui

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1401–1416, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.102

• research topics related to MP removal with BC. CiteSpace was chosen for its ability to detect citation bursts and perform cluster labeling analysis, highlighting emerging research trends and intellectual structures. Compared to VOSviewer, which primarily visualizes co-authorship networks and keyword co

• cluster views reveal the importance of interdisciplinary cooperation, suggesting that involving researchers from diverse scientific fields can yield valuable insights into tackling MP pollution. Despite its potential, significant practical challenges remain, necessitating further research to optimize

Automated collection and categorisation of STM images and STS spectra with and without machine learning

• Dylan Stewart Barker and
• Adam Sweetman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1367–1379, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.99

• “flat” DOS, which is typically achieved by using a purely metallic tip. However, most tips do not demonstrate a perfectly flat local density of states (LDOS) as they have a complex electronic structure governed by the geometry of the metallic cluster at the tip apex [8][9][10][11][12]. Non-metallic

Ferroptosis induction by engineered liposomes for enhanced tumor therapy

• Alireza Ghasempour,
• Mohammad Amin Tokallou,
• Mohammad Reza Naderi Allaf,
• Mohsen Moradi,
• Hamideh Dehghan,
• Mahsa Sedighi,
• Mohammad-Ali Shahbazi and
• Fahimeh Lavi Arab

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1325–1349, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.97

• reason, this transporter is considered a common biomarker for ferroptosis [40][73]. Cancer cells are highly dependent on elevated levels of the iron–sulfur cluster biosynthetic enzyme cysteine desulfurase (NFS1). By blocking NFS1 and inhibiting cysteine transport, ferroptosis was induced in vitro, which

Better together: biomimetic nanomedicines for high performance tumor therapy

• Imran Shair Mohammad,
• Gizem Kursunluoglu,
• Anup Kumar Patel,
• Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq,
• Cansu Umran Tunc,
• Dilek Kanarya,
• Mubashar Rehman,
• Omer Aydin and
• Yin Lifang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1246–1276, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.92

• the cytoplasm [149][150]. In contrast, Li et al. synergistically delivered a miR-144/451a cluster by constructing chitosan NPs (CAs) camouflaged with macrophage membranes for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) treatment. It was demonstrated that CAs coloaded with miR-144-MEXO/CA-miR-451a NPs

Soft materials nanoarchitectonics: liquid crystals, polymers, gels, biomaterials, and others

• Katsuhiko Ariga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1025–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.77

Time-resolved probing of laser-induced nanostructuring processes in liquids

• Maximilian Spellauge,
• David Redka,
• Mianzhen Mo,
• Changyong Song,
• Heinz Paul Huber and
• Anton Plech

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 968–1002, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.74

Tendency in tip polarity changes in non-contact atomic force microscopy imaging on a fluorite surface

• Bob Kyeyune,
• Philipp Rahe and
• Michael Reichling

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 944–950, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.72

• CaF2(111) surface. A change of the atomic contrast is explained by a polarity change of the tip-terminating cluster or by a polarity-preserving tip change via the re-arrangement of the foremost atoms. Based on the established understanding of the unique contrast patterns on CaF2(111), polarity

• a vital role as the tip-terminating cluster uniquely interacts with the different surface atoms. At cryogenic temperatures, the use of functionalized tips such as as CO-terminated tips [6][11], Xe-terminated tips [12][13][14] and O-terminated Cu tips [15][16][17] has become the state-of-the-art for

• tip apex in slight contact with the surface under investigation to form a tip cluster yielding atomic contrast [18]. As structure and chemical composition of the resulting tip-terminating cluster are not known, the understanding of contrast formation with non-functionalized tips has been developed

Impact of adsorbate–substrate interaction on nanostructured thin films growth during low-pressure condensation

• Alina V. Dvornichenko,
• Vasyl O. Kharchenko and
• Dmitrii O. Kharchenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 473–483, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.36

• , namely, the parabolic growth ⟨d⟩st(δ) ∝ δ2 at δ < δp and the linear dependence ⟨d⟩st(δ) ∝ δ at δ > δp. This critical value δ = δp relates to the formation of percolating cluster of adsorbate connecting opposite sides of the substrate (see Figure 7b). The number of percolating clusters increases with

Vortex lattices of layered HTSCs at different vortex–vortex interaction potentials

• Valerii P. Lenkov,
• Anastasia N. Maksimova,
• Anna N. Moroz and
• Vladimir A. Kashurnikov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 362–370, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.27

• minimum increases; starting from a certain value, the minimum disappears. For such a potential, the number of vortices in a cluster turns out to be up to several dozens. At large distances, both potentials monotonically tend to 0. The numerical coefficients in the potentials from Equation 2 and Equation 3

• vortices generated in the sample join the existing clusters. The number of vortices in a cluster changes from 17–20 at H = 400 to 80 at H = 1000 G. It is also of interest to study the behavior of the vortex lattice with changing temperature. The magnetization curves (Figure 3) were calculated at T = 1 K

• temperatures of 1–10 K, a hexagonal lattice of clusters is observed; upon reaching 20–25 K, the cluster structure is no longer observed. For the interaction potential characteristic of ferromagnetic superconductors, pronounced clustering is shown at fields near Hc1. The difference between the results obtained

Pulsed laser in liquid grafting of gold nanoparticle–carbon support composites

• Madeleine K. Wilsey,
• Teona Taseska,
• Qishen Lyu,
• Connor P. Cox and
• Astrid M. Müller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 349–361, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.26

• bonds in solid materials are of the order of nanoseconds to microseconds [40]. For comparison, typical timescales expected for laser-induced growth of Au nuclei are hundreds of femtoseconds to a few nanoseconds [41], and the metal–cluster nucleation rate for the formation of ca. 5 nm gold nanoparticles

Theoretical study of the electronic and optical properties of a composite formed by the zeolite NaA and a magnetite cluster

• Joel Antúnez-García,
• Roberto Núñez-González,
• Vitalii Petranovskii,
• H’Linh Hmok,
• Armando Reyes-Serrato,
• Fabian N. Murrieta-Rico,
• Mufei Xiao and
• Jonathan Zamora

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 44–53, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.5

• Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A.C., Camino a la Presa San José 2055, Col. Lomas 4, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P. 78216, México 10.3762/bjnano.16.5 Abstract The electronic and optical properties of a composite created by introducing a magnetite cluster into NaA zeolite have been investigated in this work

• using DFT calculations. The results obtained indicate that the electronic and optical properties of the composite are enhanced because of the cluster. However, the properties exhibited by the cluster outside the zeolite differ from those it presents when it is part of the composite. It is noteworthy

• that the composite exhibits magnetic properties of a half-semiconductor and a strong optical response within the visible and ultraviolet regions of the spectrum. Keywords: magnetic cluster; NaA zeolite; optical properties; Introduction Zeolites are crystalline materials made up of aluminosilicates

Integrating high-performance computing, machine learning, data management workflows, and infrastructures for multiscale simulations and nanomaterials technologies

• Fabio Le Piane,
• Mario Vozza,
• Matteo Baldoni and
• Francesco Mercuri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1498–1521, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.119

Strain-induced bandgap engineering in 2D ψ-graphene materials: a first-principles study

• Kamal Kumar,
• Nora H. de Leeuw,
• Jost Adam and
• Abhishek Kumar Mishra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1440–1452, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.116

• Kamal Kumar Nora H. de Leeuw Jost Adam Abhishek Kumar Mishra Department of Physics, Applied Science Cluster, School of Advanced Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Bidholi via Premnagar, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds

Functional morphology of cleaning devices in the damselfly Ischnura elegans (Odonata, Coenagrionidae)

• Silvana Piersanti,
• Gianandrea Salerno,
• Wencke Krings,
• Stanislav Gorb and
• Manuela Rebora

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1260–1272, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.102

• are typically located on the legs and are associated with complex grooming behaviors that vary greatly across arthropods [20]. Numerous studies on flies [21][22], wasps [23], mantids [24], and crickets [25] indicate that grooming behavior often falls into two distinct clusters. The anterior cluster

• , predominantly using the forelegs, involves grooming the antennae, head, mesosoma, forelegs, and middle legs. The posterior cluster focuses on cleaning the wings, metasoma, middle legs, and hind legs, and primarily uses the hind legs. A similar behavior is reported in ants, where functional morphology and

• together form an anatomical cluster called strigil [26][27][30]. In Coleoptera the protibial antennal cleaning organ is the main argument in support of a clade Geadephaga [31]. Studies on insect grooming can provide valuable data on the functional morphology of insect micro- and nanostructures and can

Direct electron beam writing of silver using a β-diketonate precursor: first insights

• Katja Höflich,
• Krzysztof Maćkosz,
• Chinmai S. Jureddy,
• Aleksei Tsarapkin and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1117–1124, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.90

• cluster by enhanced diffusion. Finally, the second halo region (H2) depicts similar particle sizes around below 20 nm sitting on top of larger bright areas of 50–250 nm. The composition of the different halo regions was studied by EDX. Because of the rich morphology observed in the deposit, no thin-film

Bolometric IR photoresponse based on a 3D micro-nano integrated CNT architecture

• Yasameen Al-Mafrachi,
• Sandeep Yadav,
• Sascha Preu,
• Jörg J. Schneider and
• Oktay Yilmazoglu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1030–1040, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.84

• strongly influenced by the size and morphology of the catalyst particles. A correlation between cluster size and diameter of the CNT grown on it was shown in [15]. The effect of the growth temperature on the diameter distribution and chirality of single-walled carbon nanotubes can be found in [16]. A new

Ca_n neutral clusters: a two-step G₀W₀ and DFT benchmark

• Sunila Bakhsh,
• Sameen Aslam,
• Muhammad Khalid,
• Muhammad Sohail,
• Sundas Zafar,
• Sumayya Abdul Wadood,
• Kareem Morsy and
• Muhammad Aamir Iqbal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1010–1016, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.82

• geometries, electron affinities, and ionization potentials reported in the benchmark. The ground-state structure geometry and binding energy were obtained from the DFT for the ground-state structure of each cluster. The binding energy of the neutral clusters of the calcium series follows an increasing trend

• , except for a few stable even and odd clusters. The electronic properties of the calcium cluster were studied with an all-electron FHI-aims code. In the G0W0 calculation, the magic cluster Ca10 has relatively high ionization potential and low electron affinity. The obtained ionization potentials from the

• G0W0@PBE calculation showed that the larger cluster has less variation, whereas the electron affinities of the series have an increasing trend. The ionization potentials from the G0W0 benchmark for the calcium cluster series have not yet been described in the literature. Keywords: calcium clusters

Atomistic insights into the morphological dynamics of gold and platinum nanoparticles: MD simulations in vacuum and aqueous media

• Evangelos Voyiatzis,
• Eugenia Valsami-Jones and
• Antreas Afantitis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 995–1009, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.81

• clusters consisting of 1157 atoms [51]. Some light on the microscopic origin of the anisotropic growth of gold NPs has been cast via molecular dynamics simulations [52]. In a similar way, Lümmen and Kraska investigated the homogeneous nucleation and cluster growth of Pt clusters from supersaturated vapour

• their energy interactions. The morphological changes in the NPs are measured using both atomic parameters, such as the coordination number and the Berry parameter, and cluster parameters, such as the X-ray powder diffraction pattern and the asphericity parameter. Furthermore, we extract qualitative

• performed with the LAMMPS code [69], and atomistic configurations are visualized using the Ovito software [70]. The structural modifications occurring in the NPs are identified by monitoring the temperature variation of atomic and cluster parameters. One such atomic quantity is the Berry parameter, δ, which

A review on the structural characterization of nanomaterials for nano-QSAR models

• Salvador Moncho,
• Eva Serrano-Candelas,
• Jesús Vicente de Julián-Ortiz and
• Rafael Gozalbes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 854–866, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.71

• complexity of inorganic materials and, in place of structural features, focus on electronic features. In this regard, several descriptors were obtained from quantum mechanics (QM) calculations of small clusters or periodic models [26][27][28][29][30]. Although cluster-calculated QM descriptors are inherently

• size-dependent, they are calculated using smaller, single-size model clusters, which are not related to the size of the nanoparticles; thus, they should be considered size-independent. Cluster-related values include standard heat of formation, total energy, electronic energy, core–core repulsion energy

• , area and volume of the cluster, energies of HOMO and LUMO orbitals and the gap between them, and lattice energies [22][26]. The energy levels of conduction and valence bands, which are found commonly among the most important parameters, can be calculated from QM models or derived from other simple

Electron-induced ligand loss from iron tetracarbonyl methyl acrylate

• Hlib Lyshchuk,
• Atul Chaudhary,
• Thomas F. M. Luxford,
• Miloš Ranković,
• Jaroslav Kočišek,
• Juraj Fedor,
• Lisa McElwee-White and
• Pamir Nag

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 797–807, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.66

• surface-based investigations, where the electron-induced ligand loss has been probed by XPS [13], ion desorption [14], IR spectroscopy [15], or cluster-beam studies [16][17][18]. The ligand loss has also been probed by ion impact, both in the gas phase [19] and on the surface [13], and, theoretically, by

• = 11.6, 7.8 Hz, 1H), 2.91 (dd, J = 11.6, 2.3 Hz, 1H), 2.62 (dd, J = 7.7, 2.3 Hz, 1H). Electron collision experiments Two different experimental setups were used to perform low-energy electron beam-induced dissociation experiments. They are complementary; one of them, the CLUster Beam setup (CLUB), has a

Classification and application of metal-based nanoantioxidants in medicine and healthcare

• Nguyen Nhat Nam,
• Nguyen Khoi Song Tran,
• Tan Tai Nguyen,
• Nguyen Ngoc Trai,
• Nguyen Phuong Thuy,
• Hoang Dang Khoa Do,
• Nhu Hoa Thi Tran and
• Kieu The Loan Trinh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 396–415, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.36

• , which are a cluster of hundreds to thousands atoms aggregated together [135]. The potential of natural antioxidant nanodelivery systems for treating age-related metabolic disorders has been proved in both in vivo and in vitro studies. For example, a nanoparticle-based formulation of curcumin exhibited

Investigating structural and electronic properties of neutral zinc clusters: a G₀W₀ and G₀W₀Г₀⁽¹⁾ benchmark

• Sunila Bakhsh,
• Muhammad Khalid,
• Sameen Aslam,
• Muhammad Sohail,
• Muhammad Aamir Iqbal,
• Mujtaba Ikram and
• Kareem Morsy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 310–316, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.28

• clusters. The structural motifs are optimized using the density functional theory approach to ensure that the structures are fully relaxed. Results are compared with the literature to validate the accuracy of the prediction method. The binding energy per cluster is obtained and compared with the reported

• ability to lose electrons quickly to oxygen makes it unsuitable as a coating material. Zinc exhibits a s2 closed-shell structure, and its dimer forms through van der Waal (vdW) forces [4]. As the cluster size increases, the properties of the clusters change significantly, and the effect of vdW forces

• decreases. Bulk zinc has metallic characteristics because of the overlap of the s and p orbitals. In the past, Zn clusters have been analyzed both experimentally and theoretically, where the studies were mainly conducted to determine the stability and electronic properties of the zinc cluster ground state

Ferromagnetic resonance spectra of linear magnetosome chains

• Elizaveta M. Gubanova and
• Nikolai A. Usov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 157–167, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.15

• assembly of chains shown in Figure 4a with the FMR spectra of a random assembly of clusters of interacting magnetite nanoparticles calculated for different cluster filling densities η = NpV/Vcl. Here, Vcl is the volume of a random cluster containing Np = 60 spherical magnetite nanoparticles of the same

• diameter D = 40 nm, randomly located in the cluster volume and having a random orientation of the cubic anisotropy axes. As Figure 4b shows, the width of the FMR spectra of dilute assemblies of random clusters increases with an increase in the filling density η because of an increase in the intensity of

• the magnetic dipole interactions within the clusters. For example, at η = 0.308, when the average distance between particle centers in a dense random cluster is rather small, L = (π/6η)1/3D ≈ 1.2D, the width of the FMR spectrum of the assembly of random clusters at half maximum is approximately ΔH

A combined gas-phase dissociative ionization, dissociative electron attachment and deposition study on the potential FEBID precursor [Au(CH₃)₂Cl]₂

• Elif Bilgilisoy,
• Ali Kamali,
• Thomas Xaver Gentner,
• Gerd Ballmann,
• Sjoerd Harder,
• Hans-Peter Steinrück,
• Hubertus Marbach and
• Oddur Ingólfsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1178–1199, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.98

• values of 13.35 and 13.06 eV, calculated at the DFT and coupled cluster level of theory (TZVP), respectively, for the formation of ethene (CH2CH2), 2HCl, and methane as the neutral counterparts. Considering the formation of ethane (CH3CH3), HCl, and chloromethane as the neutral counterparts lowers the

• cluster value agrees well with the experimental AE, and the DFT value is only marginally above its higher confidence limit. Considering the formation of chloromethane and two methyl radicals gives threshold values of 14.99 and 15.05 eV, respectively. This also agrees with the AE at the coupled cluster

• fragments is large. Nonetheless, we have determined the AEs for m/z 227 and 225 (see Supporting Information File 1 for m/z 225). For m/z 227, we found the AE to be 12.4 ± 0.2 which agrees at the coupled cluster level of theory with the formation of ethane, Cl2, and atomic chlorine (12.54 eV) and with the

Two-dimensional molecular networks at the solid/liquid interface and the role of alkyl chains in their building blocks

• Suyi Liu,
• Yasuo Norikane and
• Yoshihiro Kikkawa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 872–892, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.72

• the head group pairs, while they were directed in opposite directions. In line B, the head groups exhibited parallel orientation. In contrast, 2-HA-OC16 exhibited a knot-like structure containing clusters of molecules (Figure 11d–f). In the cluster, two or three pairs of parallel oriented head groups