A nanocarrier containing carboxylic and histamine groups with dual action: acetylcholine hydrolysis and antidote atropine delivery

• Elina E. Mansurova,
• Andrey A. Maslennikov,
• Anna P. Lyubina,
• Alexandra D. Voloshina,
• Irek R. Nizameev,
• Marsil K. Kadirov,
• Anzhela A. Mikhailova,
• Polina V. Mikshina,
• Albina Y. Ziganshina and
• Igor S. Antipin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 11–24, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.2

• molecules. Within a microemulsion system, they self-assemble at the interface between water and oil. The hydrophilic groups face the aqueous phase, while the resorcinarene scaffold with tails on the lower rim points towards the dispersed (oil) phase. Under slightly basic conditions (pH 8.5), resorcinarenes

Natural nanofibers embedded in the seed mucilage envelope: composite hydrogels with specific adhesive and frictional properties

• Agnieszka Kreitschitz and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1603–1618, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.126

• tasteless [11][21]. Its chemical composition and special physical properties allow many applications of mucilage, for example, as thickening and structuring (gel-forming) agent, emulsifier or stabiliser for food products, scaffold for tissue regeneration, additive in formation of medicinal tablets, and for

• mucilage of basil seeds also contains pectins, cellulose fibrils, and starch grains [7]. The cellulose fibrils here constitute a scaffold for other polysaccharides [7]. Friction measurements were also carried out with dry basil seeds, as well as with hydrated and dried (vacuum freeze-drying) seeds. The

• cellulose fibrils in flax as it rarely occurred in cellulosic plantain mucilage [26][27]. Cellulose fibrils constitute a kind of scaffold for other components of mucilage; because of the interactions among all polysaccharides in the envelope they can remain on the seed surface [7]. We observed the lowest

Direct electron beam writing of silver using a β-diketonate precursor: first insights

• Katja Höflich,
• Krzysztof Maćkosz,
• Chinmai S. Jureddy,
• Aleksei Tsarapkin and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1117–1124, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.90

• evolution and the extreme sensitivity of the compound to electron impact is exciting from a fundamental point of view, it impedes the practical implementation for 3D FEBID. One option may include the high electron flux deposition of the 3D scaffold using (hfac)AgPMe3 followed by low-flux irradiation to add

Unveiling the potential of alginate-based nanomaterials in sensing technology and smart delivery applications

• Shakhzodjon Uzokboev,
• Khojimukhammad Akhmadbekov,
• Ra’no Nuritdinova,
• Salah M. Tawfik and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1077–1104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.88

• TiO2 nanotubes inside the alginate sensing scaffold. In this experiment, the physiological range of glucose from 10 to 1000 µM was tested using colorimetry (Figure 8). A chrono-sampling microfluidic device was used to detect the change of glucose levels over time. This new device based on alginate

Identification of structural features of surface modifiers in engineered nanostructured metal oxides regarding cell uptake through ML-based classification

• Indrasis Dasgupta,
• Totan Das,
• Biplab Das and
• Shovanlal Gayen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 909–924, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.75

• fingerprints are also important for the uptake in the case of the PaCa2 cell line. Furthermore, fingerprints like UPh 13, UPh 14 and UPh 16, having ester functionality, are also responsible for a higher uptake of ENMOs in the HUVEC cell line. Fingerprints having a dihydrofuran-2,5-dione scaffold (UPh 3, UPh 4

• in Supporting Information File 1, Figure S5). The presence of dihydrofuran-2,5-dione scaffold-like structures in fingerprints including UPu 4, UPu 7, and UPu 15 is also important for the uptake of ENMOs in the U937 cell line (surface modifier 54 in in Supporting Information File 1, Figure S5). A

Electrospun polysuccinimide scaffolds containing different salts as potential wound dressing material

• Veronika Pálos,
• Krisztina S. Nagy,
• Rita Pázmány,
• Krisztina Juriga-Tóth,
• Bálint Budavári,
• Judit Domokos,
• Dóra Szabó,
• Ákos Zsembery and
• Angela Jedlovszky-Hajdu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 781–796, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.65

• polymeric scaffold containing polysuccinimide (PSI) and antibacterial salts. Antibacterial agents for therapeutical purposes mostly contain silver ions which are associated with high environmental impact and, in some cases, may cause undesired immune reactions. In our work, we prepared nanofibrous systems

• biological properties of the scaffolds developed for application as wound dressings. The scaffold systems obtained by PSI synthesis, salt addition, and fiber formation were first investigated by scanning electron microscopy. In almost all cases, different salts caused a decrease in the fiber diameter of PSI

• atoms in the scaffolds. Our result showed that the salts influence the mechanical properties of the polymer scaffold, both in terms of specific load capacity and relative elongation values. According to the dissolution experiments, the whole amount of strontium nitrate was dissolved from the scaffold in

Ion beam processing of DNA origami nanostructures

• Leo Sala,
• Agnes Zerolová,
• Violaine Vizcaino,
• Alain Mery,
• Alicja Domaracka,
• Hermann Rothard,
• Philippe Boduch,
• Dominik Pinkas and
• Jaroslav Kocišek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 207–214, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.20

• modifications, which can be further exploited in novel material processing at the nanoscale. Experimental DNA origami synthesis Rothemund 2D triangles were synthesized by mixing 6 nM M13mp18 scaffold ssDNA with 144 nM staple strands in 1× TAE buffer supplemented with 12.5 mM MgCl2 (folding buffer, FOB) and

Berberine-loaded polylactic acid nanofiber scaffold as a drug delivery system: The relationship between chemical characteristics, drug-release behavior, and antibacterial efficiency

• Le Thi Le,
• Hue Thi Nguyen,
• Liem Thanh Nguyen,
• Huy Quang Tran and
• Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 71–82, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.7

• Sciences, Phenikaa University, Hanoi 12116, Vietnam 10.3762/bjnano.15.7 Abstract Hydrophobic berberine powder (BBR) and hydrophilic BBR nanoparticles (BBR NPs) were loaded into an electrospun polylactic acid (PLA) nanofiber scaffold for modulating the release behavior of BBR in an aqueous medium. The BBR

• BBR/PLA nanofiber scaffold exhibited an extremely hydrophobic feature, causing a triphasic release profile in which only 9.8 wt % of the loaded BBR was released in the first 24 h. This resulted in a negligible inhibitory effect against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Meanwhile

• , the BBR NPs/PLA nanofiber scaffold had more wettability and higher concentration of BBR NPs dispersed on the surface of PLA nanofibers. This led to a sustained release of 75 wt % of the loaded BBR during the first 24 h, and consequently boosted the antibacterial effectiveness. Moreover, the

Influence of conductive carbon and MnCo₂O₄ on morphological and electrical properties of hydrogels for electrochemical energy conversion

• Sylwia Pawłowska,
• Karolina Cysewska,
• Yasamin Ziai,
• Jakub Karczewski,
• Piotr Jasiński and
• Sebastian Molin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 57–70, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.6

• surface for the sample Hgel-MCO-cCB 1:3 showed the presence of MCO and cCB particles in the hydrogel scaffold, confirming their entrapment in the polymer matrix (Figure 1b and Figure 1e). A similar composite structure with gold nanorods suspended in the PNIPAAm matrix was observed by Nakielski et al. [47

• scaffold, coating its surface. The characteristic porous structure is still formed but has a much more granular structure. The presence of pores is very important in the case of the application of hydrogel composite in OER. As aforementioned, the porosity has a beneficial effect on the diffusion of

• particles were found outside the surface of the polymer scaffold. In addition, it can be concluded that in the case of a hydrogel sample with Hgel-MCO catalyst particles (Figure 2a,d, and g), the dispersion of these particles is quite poor and MCO aggregates were visible. With the increase in the

Industrial perspectives for personalized microneedles

• Remmi Danae Baker-Sediako,
• Benjamin Richter,
• Matthias Blaicher,
• Michael Thiel and
• Martin Hermatschweiler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 857–864, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.70

• the structure for either fine or coarse slicing, such as Nanoscribe’s “Smart Slicing” and “Shell & Scaffold” [55]. “Smart Slicing” can be applied to optimize print times for microneedle arrays by defining bulks areas, such as the base, with coarse slicing, and assigning finer slicing to the

• penetrating tips. “Shell & Scaffold” is leveraged to print hollow rather than solid structures, thereby polymerizing less internal volumes to speed up the printing process. Important to note, structures made by “Shell & Scaffold” require a post-development UV curing for a few minutes to polymerize the

Microneedle-based ocular drug delivery systems – recent advances and challenges

• Piotr Gadziński,
• Anna Froelich,
• Monika Wojtyłko,
• Antoni Białek,
• Julia Krysztofiak and
• Tomasz Osmałek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1167–1184, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.98

• scaffold to increase the matrix stability and to provide prolonged drug release. It was observed that the patches penetrated the rabbit corneal epidermis without irritation and, after removal, total recovery was observed after 12 h. The developed patch showed great potential as an alternative to ocular

Biomimetic chitosan with biocomposite nanomaterials for bone tissue repair and regeneration

• Se-Kwon Kim,
• Sesha Subramanian Murugan,
• Pandurang Appana Dalavi,
• Sebanti Gupta,
• Sukumaran Anil,
• Gi Hun Seong and
• Jayachandran Venkatesan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1051–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.92

• these nanomaterials to fabricate a scaffold that can potentially mimic the natural structure and function of the bones. The addition of nanomaterials to chitosan provides several advantages including the retaining of biological activities of nanomaterials and prevention of particle aggregation [24][25

• with an average of 73.06 ± 21.13 μm. In vitro biological assays were carried out with MC3T3-E1 cells. Biological assays reveal that the developed scaffold promotes cell adhesion and proliferation. Also, enhancement in alkaline phosphatase, inducement of mineralisation, and upregulation of osteogenic

• gene expressions were observed. In vivo studies were done on Sprague Dawley rats. Microscale computational analysis and histological analysis show that new bone has formed. In addition, the developed scaffold demonstrated remarkable antibacterial efficiency against Staphylococcus aureus [86]. To

Electrocatalytic oxygen reduction activity of AgCoCu oxides on reduced graphene oxide in alkaline media

• Iyyappan Madakannu,
• Indrajit Patil,
• Bhalchandra Kakade and
• Kasibhatta Kumara Ramanatha Datta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1020–1029, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.89

• functional layered scaffold anchoring metal NPs (Figure S3a,b, Supporting Information File 1). Likewise, for the trimetallic NPs anchored on the rGO support, we observe various sizes and morphologies on multilayered rGO nanosheets. The variation in the morphology stems from the fusion of Cu and Co into Ag

Bioselectivity of silk protein-based materials and their bio-inspired applications

• Hendrik Bargel,
• Vanessa T. Trossmann,
• Christoph Sommer and
• Thomas Scheibel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 902–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.81

• fibres and, at the same time, to wrap their eggs and utilize sticky glue silk for prey capture. The different silks are named after the spidroin-producing spinning glands, such as major and minor ampulla, flagelliform, aggregate and piriform glands, which produce the scaffold thread, an auxiliary spiral

Micro- and nanotechnology in biomedical engineering for cartilage tissue regeneration in osteoarthritis

• Zahra Nabizadeh,
• Mahmoud Nasrollahzadeh,
• Hamed Daemi,
• Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad,
• Ali Akbar Shabani,
• Mehdi Dadashpour,
• Majid Mirmohammadkhani and
• Davood Nasrabadi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 363–389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.31

• structures and functions to native cartilage. Nevertheless, despite the progresses made in biomaterial synthesis, scaffold fabrication, and development of growth factor delivery systems, TE has been unable to address OA disease using the routine methods. Recently, more attention has been paid to the

• involvement of micro-/nanotechnological possibilities in the process of scaffold design and fabrication [4]. Since a lot of cellular mechanisms are controlled by environmental stimuli (cell signaling molecules, extracellular matrix, and bioactive macromolecules) on the nanoscale, the recognition and

• compounds with diameters from 1 to 1000 μm prepared by physicochemical methods [20]. A microsphere-based controlled release strategy is extensively used in scaffold fabrication because of the remarkable ability of microparticles to serve as carriers for delivery of drugs, bioactive molecules, and growth

Engineered titania nanomaterials in advanced clinical applications

• Padmavati Sahare,
• Paulina Govea Alvarez,
• Juan Manual Sanchez Yanez,
• Gabriel Luna-Bárcenas,
• Samik Chakraborty,
• Sujay Paul and
• Miriam Estevez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 201–218, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.15

• augmenting better attachment of drug molecules, and the drug release profile was extended to more than 15 days by minimizing the burst release effect [59]. Polycaprolactone is a semi-crystalline biodegradable polymer used as a drug carrier, packaging material, and 3D scaffold for bone tissue engineering

• , titanium nitride (TiN) coating has been licensed by the FDA to be used in titanium alloy components for enhancing durability and corrosion resistance in surgical steel, orthodontics, hip prostheses, and cardiovascular biomaterials [69]. A titania/glass ceramic (TiGC) scaffold was fabricated and coated with

Piezoelectric nanogenerator for bio-mechanical strain measurement

• Zafar Javed,
• Lybah Rafiq,
• Muhammad Anwaar Nazeer,
• Saqib Siddiqui,
• Muhammad Babar Ramzan,
• Muhammad Qamar Khan and
• Muhammad Salman Naeem

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 192–200, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.14

• are utilized in medical face masks. These masks will not allow the particles to be inhaled because of the small pore size of the nanofibrous scaffold, while oxygen molecules are small enough to pass through these pores. Nanofibers are also used in other medical applications, for instance, for

The effect of cobalt on morphology, structure, and ORR activity of electrospun carbon fibre mats in aqueous alkaline environments

• Markus Gehring,
• Tobias Kutsch,
• Osmane Camara,
• Alexandre Merlen,
• Hermann Tempel,
• Hans Kungl and
• Rüdiger-A. Eichel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1173–1186, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.87

• . Many researchers focus on the active material, that is, the catalyst, which enhances the ORR, and many promising systems have been reported and extensively reviewed [5]. The electrode scaffold receives far less attention. Only few reports elaborate on the importance of the electrode architecture for

• mechanically stable scaffold for an air electrode with an inherent catalytic activity, due to their nitrogen content [10][11][12]. The inherent nitrogen leads to nitrogen-doped carbon, which is a known electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction [13]. The carbonisation temperature determines the degree

Progress and innovation of nanostructured sulfur cathodes and metal-free anodes for room-temperature Na–S batteries

• Marina Tabuyo-Martínez,
• Bernd Wicklein and
• Pilar Aranda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 995–1020, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.75

• two fabrication methods of dispersed Na anodes. In one liquid Na is soaked into a porous scaffold, while in the other Na ions plate the porous host material. An example of the former method is the use of carbonized wood, into the open pore system of which liquid Na is soaked (Figure 9A) [67]. Also

TiO_x/Pt₃Ti(111) surface-directed formation of electronically responsive supramolecular assemblies of tungsten oxide clusters

• Marco Moors,
• Yun An,
• Agnieszka Kuc and
• Kirill Yu. Monakhov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 203–212, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.16

• scaffold of W3O9 units. By applying scanning tunneling microscopy to the W3O9–(W3O9)6 structures, individual units underwent a tip-induced reduction to W3O8. At elevated temperatures, agglomeration and growth of large WO3 islands, which thickness is strongly limited to a maximum of two unit cells, were

Oxidation of Au/Ag films by oxygen plasma: phase separation and generation of nanoporosity

• Abdel-Aziz El Mel,
• Said A. Mansour,
• Mujaheed Pasha,
• Atef Zekri,
• Janarthanan Ponraj,
• Akshath Shetty and
• Yousef Haik

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1608–1614, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.143

• silver oxide, its concentration was low inside the film. This indicates that the majority of the silver atoms diffused out of the film leaving behind a gold-rich nanoporous scaffold. The nanoporosity in the gold film probably resulted from the generation of vacancies within the film during the oxidation

Wet-spinning of magneto-responsive helical chitosan microfibers

• Dorothea Brüggemann,
• Johanna Michel,
• Naiana Suter,
• Matheus Grande de Aguiar and
• Michael Maas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 991–999, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.83

• immunogenicity [17] and, therefore, has become highly used in tissue regeneration [18][19]. Chitosan fibers are particularly well-suited for tissue engineering due to their highly porous scaffold architecture [20]. Using electrospinning, chitosan fibers can be produced with a diameter ranging from several tens

• distribution and on the overall scaffold magnetization. Subsequently, we analyzed the mechanical properties of our manually prepared helical fibers in a customized tensile testing machine, which was adapted for fiber testing under tensile loads. A representative force (N) vs deformation (nm) curve is shown in

• interesting for future use as a magnetic cell scaffold in actuator systems. To maintain the reproducibility during the preparation of magnetic helical chitosan fibers we adapted the design of our initial setup and introduced several additional elements (Figure 6) which were automated using a Lego Mindstorms

An advanced structural characterization of templated meso-macroporous carbon monoliths by small- and wide-angle scattering techniques

• Felix M. Badaczewski,
• Marc O. Loeh,
• Torben Pfaff,
• Dirk Wallacher,
• Daniel Clemens and
• Bernd M. Smarsly

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 310–322, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.23

• groups, is expected. The results show that the pitch-based monolithic exhibits a more ordered microstructure, consisting of larger graphene stacks and similar layer sizes, than the monolithic resin. Conclusion In this study the hard-templating of carbon materials using a meso-macroporous SiO2 scaffold is

• find substantial differences in the porosity between the two types of carbon materials on all three levels of porosity, i.e., micro-, meso- and macroporosity. While the average macropore sizes are similar, owing to the identical SiO2 scaffold used, the homogeneity of the macropore space of the resin

Understanding nanoparticle flow with a new in vitro experimental and computational approach using hydrogel channels

• Armel Boutchuen,
• Dell Zimmerman,
• Abdollah Arabshahi,
• John Melnyczuk and
• Soubantika Palchoudhury

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 296–309, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.22

• scaffold materials for the 3D bioprinting of biomimetic structures [38][39]. Therefore, we chose pHEMA hydrogels to build straight cylindrical channels mimicking sections of human vasculature for our experimental investigation of NP flow. In addition, we aimed to synthesize the hydrogel flow channels via a

Facile biogenic fabrication of hydroxyapatite nanorods using cuttlefish bone and their bactericidal and biocompatibility study

• Satheeshkumar Balu,
• Manisha Vidyavathy Sundaradoss,
• Swetha Andra and
• Jaison Jeevanandam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 285–295, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.21

• powder to prepare Hap is their cost effectiveness and ecologically friendly nature, high availability, enhanced interconnectivity, and biocompatibility [14]. Recently, it was reported that the bonding ability of the scaffold with surrounding tissues is determined by the porosity of the material and that