Bioinspired nanofilament coatings for scale reduction on steel

• Siad Dahir Ali,
• Mette Heidemann Rasmussen,
• Jacopo Catalano,
• Christian Husum Frederiksen and
• Tobias Weidner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 25–34, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.3

• stability on steel. Our study demonstrates the successful coating of stainless steel with SNFs, achieving super-hydrophobicity and resilience under high shear stress and explosion/decompression tests. Scaling experiments reveal a 75.5% reduction in calcium carbonate deposition on SNF-coated steel surfaces

• : bioinspired materials; calcium carbonate; offshore assets; stainless-steel coating; super-hydrophobicity; Introduction Small animals, such as insects, springtails (Collembola), and other hexapods, have distinctly large surface-to-volume ratios. This characteristic imposes significant challenges in terms of

• coat stainless steel (Type 316) with nanofilaments, discuss stability test of the coatings, and the results of scaling experiments. Results and Discussion Nanofilamant performance and stability on steel Shear stress test of SNF coatings on steel Previous applications of SNF technology have been focused

Heterogeneous reactions in a HFCVD reactor: simulation using a 2D model

• Xochitl Aleyda Morán Martínez,
• José Alberto Luna López,
• Zaira Jocelyn Hernández Simón,
• Gabriel Omar Mendoza Conde,
• José Álvaro David Hernández de Luz and
• Godofredo García Salgado

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1627–1638, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.128

• second one is the reaction zone, and the third one is the gas outlet. In the first zone, molecular hydrogen (H2) gas is pumped in through a stainless steel piping system that reaches a diffuser inside the reaction chamber. The gas gets in contact with eleven tungsten filaments from incandescent lamps

Ion-induced surface reactions and deposition from Pt(CO)₂Cl₂ and Pt(CO)₂Br₂

• Mohammed K. Abdel-Rahman,
• Patrick M. Eckhert,
• Atul Chaudhary,
• Johnathon M. Johnson,
• Jo-Chi Yu,
• Lisa McElwee-White and
• D. Howard Fairbrother

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1427–1439, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.115

• sublimes at 35–40 °C at 125 mTorr. 13C NMR (C6D6, 400 MHz) δ 151.71 (1JC–Pt = 1562 Hz); IR (toluene, Figure S1, Supporting Information File 1) νco: 2077, 2118 cm−1. UHV studies Experiments were performed in a stainless-steel ultrahigh vacuum system as described elsewhere [21]. Briefly, a cooled tantalum

• blown dry with 99.999% N2 (Airgas) and used as the substrate for deposition. Approximately 500 mg of Pt(CO)2Cl2 (Strem Chemicals) was loaded into a glass vial that was attached to a UHV precision leak valve. A 1/8″ stainless steel directional dosing line was attached to the vacuum side of the leak valve

A biomimetic approach towards a universal slippery liquid infused surface coating

• Ryan A. Faase,
• Madeleine H. Hummel,
• AnneMarie V. Hasbrook,
• Andrew P. Carpenter and
• Joe E. Baio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1376–1389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.111

• cyclic olefin copolymer, silicon, and stainless steel substrates, by first growing a PDA film on each substrate. This was followed by a hydrophobic liquid anchor layer created by functionalizing the PDA film with a fluorinated thiol. Finally, perfluorodecalin was applied to the surface immediately prior

• copolymer (COC), silicon, and 316 stainless steel (SS) as our substrates. These substrates were first coated with PDA; then, a fluorinated thiol was attached to serve as the anchor for the infused fluid. The resulting surface modifications were then characterized by water contact angle measurements, atomic

Interface properties of nanostructured carbon-coated biological implants: an overview

• Mattia Bartoli,
• Francesca Cardano,
• Erik Piatti,
• Stefania Lettieri,
• Andrea Fin and
• Alberto Tagliaferro

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1041–1053, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.85

• macrophages. The reduction of fibrotic formations on the implants is of capital relevance for preventing thrombosis [96]. Hassan et al. [97] investigated graphene coatings on a stainless steel implant to minimize the negative effect of metals contained into the alloy (i.e., Cr, Mo, and Ni). The authors used

• both anticorrosion and antithrombotic elements. The authors used PVD for the deposition of a micrometer-thick coating on stainless steel, controlling morphology, roughness, and mechanical parameters. The coated surfaces showed a reduction of hemolysis of 40% and a corrosion resistance increment of 96

Facile synthesis of Fe-based metal–organic frameworks from Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles and their application for CO₂/N₂ separation

• Van Nhieu Le,
• Hoai Duc Tran,
• Minh Tien Nguyen,
• Hai Bang Truong,
• Toan Minh Pham and
• Jinsoo Kim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 897–908, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.74

• ]. Typically, 0.9 g Fe2O3 and different amounts of H3BTC, alongside 45 mL of DI water, were introduced into a Teflon beaker and gently stirred for 15 min at room temperature. The mixture was then carefully sealed inside an autoclave made of stainless steel before being placed inside an electrically heated oven

Green synthesis of biomass-derived carbon quantum dots for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue

• Dalia Chávez-García,
• Mario Guzman,
• Viridiana Sanchez and
• Rubén D. Cadena-Nava

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 755–766, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.63

• stirred for an additional 10 min. Subsequently, the mixture was transferred to a Teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave, which was sealed under pressure using a manual press. The autoclave was then placed in a convection oven and maintained at 100°C for 2 h. After the specified time had elapsed, the

Simultaneous electrochemical determination of uric acid and hypoxanthine at a TiO₂/graphene quantum dot-modified electrode

• Vu Ngoc Hoang,
• Dang Thi Ngoc Hoa,
• Nguyen Quang Man,
• Le Vu Truong Son,
• Le Van Thanh Son,
• Vo Thang Nguyen,
• Le Thi Hong Phong,
• Ly Hoang Diem,
• Kieu Chan Ly,
• Ho Sy Thang and
• Dinh Quang Khieu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 719–732, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.60

• synthesized in a hydrothermal process. 0.25 g of TiO2 and 12.5 mL of 10 M NaOH were mixed under ultrasonic stirring. The suspension was then transferred to a teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave and heated to 130 °C for 10 h. The resulting white solid was separated by centrifugation and rinsed several times

Cholesterol nanoarchaeosomes for alendronate targeted delivery as an anti-endothelial dysfunction agent

• Horacio Emanuel Jerez,
• Yamila Roxana Simioni,
• Kajal Ghosal,
• Maria Jose Morilla and
• Eder Lilia Romero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 517–534, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.46

• tebenquichense was grown in basal medium supplemented with yeast extract and glucose in a 25 L custom-made stainless steel bioreactor at 40 °C and harvested after 72 h growth. Total polar archaeolipids (TPA) were extracted from biomass using the Bligh and Dyer method modified for extreme halophiles [74]. Around

Electron-induced deposition using Fe(CO)₄MA and Fe(CO)₅ – effect of MA ligand and process conditions

• Hannah Boeckers,
• Atul Chaudhary,
• Petra Martinović,
• Amy V. Walker,
• Lisa McElwee-White and
• Petra Swiderek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 500–516, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.45

Vinorelbine-loaded multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles as anticancer drug delivery systems: synthesis, characterization, and in vitro release study

• Zeynep Özcan and
• Afife Binnaz Hazar Yoruç

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 256–269, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.24

• a solvothermal technique in a stainless steel reactor at 200 °C for 6 h. According to the results of FE-SEM and STEM examinations, the Fe3O4 NPs are spherical, as depicted in Figure 1a–c. When examining the STEM size distribution, it was observed that Fe3O4 NPs were efficiently synthesized with an

Berberine-loaded polylactic acid nanofiber scaffold as a drug delivery system: The relationship between chemical characteristics, drug-release behavior, and antibacterial efficiency

• Le Thi Le,
• Hue Thi Nguyen,
• Liem Thanh Nguyen,
• Huy Quang Tran and
• Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 71–82, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.7

• /PLA, and BBR NPs/PLA were fabricated through the electrospinning of the aforementioned prepared solutions. After the solutions were cooled down to room temperature, they were transferred to a 5 mL syringe with a 22-gauge stainless-steel needle. The needle was linked to a high-voltage power supply

A combined gas-phase dissociative ionization, dissociative electron attachment and deposition study on the potential FEBID precursor [Au(CH₃)₂Cl]₂

• Elif Bilgilisoy,
• Ali Kamali,
• Thomas Xaver Gentner,
• Gerd Ballmann,
• Sjoerd Harder,
• Hans-Peter Steinrück,
• Hubertus Marbach and
• Oddur Ingólfsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1178–1199, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.98

Low temperature atomic layer deposition of cobalt using dicobalt hexacarbonyl-1-heptyne as precursor

• Mathias Franz,
• Mahnaz Safian Jouzdani,
• Lysann Kaßner,
• Marcus Daniel,
• Frank Stahr and
• Stefan E. Schulz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 951–963, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.78

• crystal 200 mm silicon (100) wafers with a pre-coated thermal SiO2 film of 100 nm thickness. As precursor for all depositions dicobalt hexacarbonyl-1-heptyne [Co2(CO)6HC≡CC5H11] was used. The precursor was synthesised according to Georgi et al. [23] and filled to a common 200 mL stainless steel bubbler

A novel approach to pulsed laser deposition of platinum catalyst on carbon particles for use in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

• Bogusław Budner,
• Wojciech Tokarz,
• Sławomir Dyjak,
• Andrzej Czerwiński,
• Bartosz Bartosewicz and
• Bartłomiej Jankiewicz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 190–204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.19

• the highly graphitized carbon material was carried out using a method similar to the methods described in detail in earlier works [34][35]. The synthesis of carbon material was carried out in a high-pressure stainless steel reactor with an internal volume of 1 dm3. It was initiated under 1 bar

Microneedle-based ocular drug delivery systems – recent advances and challenges

• Piotr Gadziński,
• Anna Froelich,
• Monika Wojtyłko,
• Antoni Białek,
• Julia Krysztofiak and
• Tomasz Osmałek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1167–1184, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.98

• if the needles break and are deposited in the tissue [117][118]. Other non-degradable materials utilized to fabricate microneedles, include metals such as stainless steel [119] and titanium [120], ceramics, such as aluminum oxide [121], or synthetic polymers comprising polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) [122

• of the microneedle system and the material from which it is to be made. In addition, the technique must be adapted to the properties of the drug. The most common materials used in the production of microneedles are silicon, ceramics, and metals, such as stainless steel and titanium. Also

Biomimetic chitosan with biocomposite nanomaterials for bone tissue repair and regeneration

• Se-Kwon Kim,
• Sesha Subramanian Murugan,
• Pandurang Appana Dalavi,
• Sebanti Gupta,
• Sukumaran Anil,
• Gi Hun Seong and
• Jayachandran Venkatesan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1051–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.92

• ). Besides this, significant antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus epidermidis have been found [99]. Coating materials containing chitosan, bioactive glass, and AgNPs were developed by using the electrophoretic deposition method. The produced material was coated on stainless steel 316 substrates

Ciprofloxacin-loaded dissolving polymeric microneedles as a potential therapeutic for the treatment of S. aureus skin infections

• Sharif Abdelghany,
• Walhan Alshaer,
• Yazan Al Thaher,
• Maram Al Fawares,
• Amal G. Al-Bakri,
• Saja Zuriekat and
• Randa SH. Mansour

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 517–527, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.43

• studies This study was conducted in a manner analogous to the procedure in [25]. Briefly, CIP_MN1 were inserted into the full-thickness human skin using finger press applied to the microneedle baseplate for 30 s. As shown in Figure 2, a cylindrical 10 g stainless steel weight was placed on top of the

• amount of ciprofloxacin was placed on top of the skin, followed by the stainless steel weight for consistency. Antimicrobial activity: in vitro infection study S. aureus (ATCC-29213) inoculum equivalent to 0.5 MacFarland (ca. 1 × 108 CFU/mL) turbidity was prepared from an overnight culture. A sterile

• -thickness human skin was excised and treated. CIP_MN1 was then inserted into the skin using finger pressure applied to the microneedle baseplate for 30 s. A cylindrical 10 g stainless steel weight was placed on top of CIP_MN1 array to prevent expulsion of the microneedles, and the tissue paper was

Design and characterization of polymeric microneedles containing extracts of Brazilian green propolis

• Camila Felix Vecchi,
• Rafaela Said dos Santos,
• Jéssica Bassi da Silva and
• Marcos Luciano Bruschi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 503–516, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.42

• , including the MNs without PRP extract and the stainless-steel MNs (standard) used to obtain the mold. Previous studies have shown that MNs composed of Gantrez S-97 and PEG 10,000 had differences when inserted into porcine skin and layered Parafilm M [43]. For all analyses, as the amount of extract in the

• could penetrate the stratum corneum [4]. Thus, the force values displayed for the selected formulations also indicate the ability to penetrate porcine skin. All selected MN formulations were statistically compared with MNs without PRP extract and stainless-steel MNs (standard) using Students’ t-test

• determinations were performed for each assay [36][46][47][48]. Preparation of silicone molds The master structure utilized to fabricate the molds was a stainless-steel microneedle system (cartridge) from DermaPen (Belrose, Australia) containing 36 microneedles of 2 mm in length. The molds developed were inverse

Tubular glassy carbon microneedles with fullerene-like tips for biomedical applications

• Sharali Malik and
• George E. Kostakis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 455–461, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.38

• chrome particles released from surgical stainless steel needles during needle wear in human skin. Allergic reactions such as contact dermatitis resulting from the presence of nickel and chromium in acupuncture needles have also been reported [32]. Glassy carbon is biocompatible, electrically and

• thermally conducting, and mechanically strong [1]. Therefore, biomedical applications for glassy carbon microneedles include the use as alternatives to stainless steel surgical needles in acupuncture and as microelectrodes in neural prosthetics [9][14]. Experimental Sample preparation The samples were

Relationship between corrosion and nanoscale friction on a metallic glass

• Haoran Ma and
• Roland Bennewitz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 236–244, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.18

• outer layer after polarization [21], they did not show a clear distinction of the top of the outer layer after immersion. Maurice et al. [32] found that the thickness of the outer layers on stainless steel surfaces is similar during immersion and after polarization (0.5–0.7 nm) using XPS analysis

Engineered titania nanomaterials in advanced clinical applications

• Padmavati Sahare,
• Paulina Govea Alvarez,
• Juan Manual Sanchez Yanez,
• Gabriel Luna-Bárcenas,
• Samik Chakraborty,
• Sujay Paul and
• Miriam Estevez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 201–218, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.15

• fulfill the specifications of implantation technologies better than other metallic materials, such as stainless steel, CrCo alloys, and tantalum [10]. The growth and the volume of the bone surrounding the implant material are the major factors for successful implant treatment, minimizing infection or

• % concentration), referred to as SS 5% TiO2 micropatterned and SS 10% TiO2 micropatterned, respectively, on surgical grade stainless steel plates (SS316L). These samples were checked for the adhesion of Streptococcus mutans and the results demonstrate a reduction of adhesion of S. mutans by 96% in the presence of

Sputtering onto liquids: a critical review

• Anastasiya Sergievskaya,
• Adrien Chauvin and
• Stephanos Konstantinidis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 10–53, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.2

• sputter deposition processes [44]. In Thornton’s report, the probe used for the heat flux measurement, whose temperature increases when submitted to the sputtering plasma, was a stainless-steel body weighing 200 mg. Ultimately, in the case of a solid substrate, the heat transfer and resulting increase of

Electrical, electrochemical and structural studies of a chlorine-derived ionic liquid-based polymer gel electrolyte

• Ashish Gupta,
• Amrita Jain,
• Manju Kumari and
• Santosh K. Tripathi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1252–1261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.92

• polarization curve of an ionic liquid-based polymer gel electrolyte system is shown in Figure 11. According to this method, the optimized film of a polymer gel electrolyte is sandwiched in between two symmetrical stainless steel (SS) electrodes and the film is polarized by applying a potential of 1.0 V

• following equation: where l is the thickness of the sample, A is the geometric surface area, and Rb is the bulk electrolyte resistance which is measured by using Nyquist plots. For conductivity measurements, the samples were cut into uniform sizes and sandwiched between two stainless steel electrodes

• voltage of 1.0 V was applied across the polymer gel electrolyte film sandwiched between two stainless steel electrodes. The total ionic transference number was calculated by using the following equation: where, iT is the initial electronic current and ie is the residual electronic current [9]. SEM images

An overview of microneedle applications, materials, and fabrication methods

• Zahra Faraji Rad,
• Philip D. Prewett and
• Graham J. Davies

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1034–1046, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.77

• and sizes for a wide range of applications. Metals such as titanium [61][62], stainless steel [58][63][64], silicon [65][66][67], ceramics [68][69], biodegradable polymers such as polylactic acid (PLA) [70], PLGA [71], and polyglycolic acid (PGA) [72], and non-degradable polymers such as

• (COP) material using this method [5]. Fabrication and use of metal microneedles In addition to silicon and polymers, microneedles are also fabricated from metals including nickel, titanium, stainless steel, and palladium. Metals provide good mechanical properties and biocompatibility for microneedle

• layer of polymer introduced between the mould and the metal structure to facilitate chemical lift-off separation of the final array. For hollow metal microneedles, a plasma etching step was performed prior to metal deposition [106]. Unlike the ubiquitous stainless steel hypodermic needle, safety