Graphene oxide–chloroquine conjugate induces DNA damage in A549 lung cancer cells through autophagy modulation

• Braham Dutt Arya,
• Sandeep Mittal,
• Prachi Joshi,
• Alok Kumar Pandey,
• Jaime E. Ramirez-Vick,
• Govind Gupta and
• Surinder P. Singh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 316–332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.24

• Education, Shiksha Sadan, Sector-5, Panchkula-134114, India CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow-226001, India Department of Biomedical, Industrial & Human Factors Engineering, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio 45435, United States 10.3762/bjnano

• C1s core level spectra for GO, Chl, and GO–Chl samples. Supporting Information File 8: Additional figures (S1–S3) and table (S1). Acknowledgements The Director of the CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi, and the Director of the CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow are

Recent advances in photothermal nanomaterials for ophthalmic applications

• Jiayuan Zhuang,
• Linhui Jia,
• Chenghao Li,
• Rui Yang,
• Jiapeng Wang,
• Wen-an Wang,
• Heng Zhou and
• Xiangxia Luo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 195–215, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.16

• ][211]. Rigorous safety research, utilizing animal models, is essential to assess toxicology, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and biological impacts [212]. It is crucial to consider the anatomical and physiological similarities between animal models and human eyes to accurately predict safety and

Instance maps as an organising concept for complex experimental workflows as demonstrated for (nano)material safety research

• Benjamin Punz,
• Maja Brajnik,
• Joh Dokler,
• Jaleesia D. Amos,
• Litty Johnson,
• Katie Reilly,
• Anastasios G. Papadiamantis,
• Amaia Green Etxabe,
• Lee Walker,
• Diego S. T. Martinez,
• Steffi Friedrichs,
• Klaus M. Weltring,
• Nazende Günday-Türeli,
• Claus Svendsen,
• Christine Ogilvie Hendren,
• Mark R. Wiesner,
• Martin Himly,
• Iseult Lynch and
• Thomas E. Exner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 57–77, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.7

• characterisation, exposure science, toxicology, and computational approaches, resulting in complex experimental workflows and diverse data types. Managing the data flows, with a focus on provenance (who generated the data and for what purpose) and quality (how was the data generated, using which protocol with

Facile synthesis of size-tunable L-carnosine-capped silver nanoparticles and their role in metal ion sensing and catalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol

• Akash Kumar,
• Ridhima Chadha,
• Abhishek Das,
• Nandita Maiti and
• Rayavarapu Raja Gopal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1576–1592, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.124

• Akash Kumar Ridhima Chadha Abhishek Das Nandita Maiti Rayavarapu Raja Gopal Nanomaterial Toxicology Laboratory, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, Food, Drug and Chemical, Environment and Systems Toxicology (FEST) Divison, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan

Nanoarchitectonics with cetrimonium bromide on metal nanoparticles for linker-free detection of toxic metal ions and catalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol

• Akash Kumar and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1312–1332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.106

• Akash Kumar Raja Gopal Rayavarapu Nanomaterial Toxicology Laboratory, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, Food, Drug and Chemical, Environment and Systems Toxicology (FEST) Divison, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001

Interaction of graphene oxide with tannic acid: computational modeling and toxicity mitigation in C. elegans

• Romana Petry,
• James M. de Almeida,
• Francine Côa,
• Felipe Crasto de Lima,
• Diego Stéfani T. Martinez and
• Adalberto Fazzio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1297–1311, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.105

• model in studies of environmental toxicology [31]. Because of its abundance in the environment, its important role in the decomposition and cycling of nutrients, and its sensibility to environmentally relevant concentrations of hazard products, C. elegans is considered a good environmental indicator of

A review on the structural characterization of nanomaterials for nano-QSAR models

• Salvador Moncho,
• Eva Serrano-Candelas,
• Jesús Vicente de Julián-Ortiz and
• Rafael Gozalbes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 854–866, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.71

• [19]. Other authors included structural features in perturbation QSAR toxicology models, both as one of the descriptors (the size) and as a perturbation criterion (the shape) [18][74][75]. Interestingly, they also included among the perturbation criteria the experimental conditions of the size

Gold nanomakura: nanoarchitectonics and their photothermal response in association with carrageenan hydrogels

• Nabojit Das,
• Vikas,
• Akash Kumar,
• Sanjeev Soni and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 678–693, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.56

• Nabojit Das Vikas Akash Kumar Sanjeev Soni Raja Gopal Rayavarapu Nanomaterial Toxicology Laboratory, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, Food, Drug & Chemical, Environment and Systems Toxicology (FEST) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31

• . Aspect ratio (length:width) of CTAB-AuNM, MTAB-AuNM, and DTAB-AuNM. Supporting Information Supporting Information File 92: Additional figures. Acknowledgements This research work is supported by the CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (Major Laboratory Project-MLP-001) and is approved by the

• research work is supported by the CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (Major Laboratory Project-MLP-001).

On the additive artificial intelligence-based discovery of nanoparticle neurodegenerative disease drug delivery systems

• Shan He,
• Julen Segura Abarrategi,
• Harbil Bediaga,
• Sonia Arrasate and
• Humberto González-Díaz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 535–555, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.47

• experimental/theoretical study of new 1,3-rasagiline derivatives potentially useful in neurodegenerative diseases [51], as well as QSAR and complex networks in pharmaceutical design, microbiology, parasitology, toxicology, cancer, and neurosciences [52]. Furthermore, this new model also has been used for very

Classification and application of metal-based nanoantioxidants in medicine and healthcare

• Nguyen Nhat Nam,
• Nguyen Khoi Song Tran,
• Tan Tai Nguyen,
• Nguyen Ngoc Trai,
• Nguyen Phuong Thuy,
• Hoang Dang Khoa Do,
• Nhu Hoa Thi Tran and
• Kieu The Loan Trinh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 396–415, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.36

• treatments. Although the past decade has witnessed extraordinary progress in developing nanoantioxidants, further research is still required to overcome the limitations of metal-based nanoantioxidants and to bring this technology closer to clinical practice. Future research needs to focus on the toxicology

Multiscale modelling of biomolecular corona formation on metallic surfaces

• Parinaz Mosaddeghi Amini,
• Ian Rouse,
• Julia Subbotina and
• Vladimir Lobaskin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 215–229, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.21

• corona content and optimize the processes in food and chemical industry. The presented methodology can be easily extended to other molecules, materials, and contexts involving the bionano interface such as environmental safety, health, medical devices, or toxicology. Schematic representation of the life

Identifying diverse metal oxide nanomaterials with lethal effects on embryonic zebrafish using machine learning

• Richard Liam Marchese Robinson,
• Haralambos Sarimveis,
• Philip Doganis,
• Xiaodong Jia,
• Marianna Kotzabasaki,
• Christiana Gousiadou,
• Stacey Lynn Harper and
• Terry Wilkins

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1297–1325, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.97

• Technical University of Athens, 9 Heroon Polytechniou str. Zografou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon

The role of deep eutectic solvents and carrageenan in synthesizing biocompatible anisotropic metal nanoparticles

• Nabojit Das,
• Akash Kumar and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 924–938, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.69

• Nabojit Das Akash Kumar Raja Gopal Rayavarapu Nanomaterial Toxicology Laboratory, Nanomaterial Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, India Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR

• synthesizing various nanomaterials (NMs) for potential chemical and biological applications. Acknowledgements RRG is thankful to CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow for providing the infrastructure and support. The CSIR-IITR publication committee has approved this review article and the

Fate and transformation of silver nanoparticles in different biological conditions

• Barbara Pem,
• Marija Ćurlin,
• Darija Domazet Jurašin,
• Valerije Vrček,
• Rinea Barbir,
• Vedran Micek,
• Raluca M. Fratila,
• Jesus M. de la Fuente and
• Ivana Vinković Vrček

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 665–679, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.53

• Silver (nano) that insufficient data on AgNP physicochemical properties and toxicology in cosmetics hinder the health hazards caused by AgNPs [5]. Earlier, the Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks (SCENIHR) raised questions on how different forms of Ag used in consumer and

Doxorubicin-loaded gold nanorods: a multifunctional chemo-photothermal nanoplatform for cancer management

• Uzma Azeem Awan,
• Abida Raza,
• Shaukat Ali,
• Rida Fatima Saeed and
• Nosheen Akhtar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 295–303, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.24

• Medical Toxicology Lab, Department of Zoology, Government College University Lahore, Lahore-54000, Pakistan 10.3762/bjnano.12.24 Abstract Two of the limitations associated with cancer treatment are the low efficacy and the high dose-related side effects of anticancer drugs. The purpose of the current

A review on the biological effects of nanomaterials on silkworm (Bombyx mori)

• Sandra Senyo Fometu,
• Guohua Wu,
• Lin Ma and
• Joan Shine Davids

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 190–202, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.15

• a model organism since it has provided relevant data in various fields and its application does not spark any bioethical issues [81]. Despite the milestones achieved in genomics, the use of silkworms as a model to study mammalian toxicology is limited due to differences in biological processes and

• relationship with mammals [99], thus, it cannot express or fully mimic the mammalian biological system. This limits their application as a model organism to evaluate the efficacy of drugs in certain toxicology studies. The silkworm as a model organism provides a fresh perspective on how to solve scientific

Applications of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in drug and therapeutic delivery, and biotechnological advancements

• Maria Suciu,
• Corina M. Ionescu,
• Alexandra Ciorita,
• Septimiu C. Tripon,
• Dragos Nica,
• Hani Al-Salami and
• Lucian Barbu-Tudoran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1092–1109, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.94

• /Pubmed and Web of Science (WoS) for article and review papers and books reporting on effects, uses, in vivo and in vitro tests, toxicology, synthesis and properties of SPIONs. We used single terms or combinations of one or more of the listed terms. This search was carried out for the period between June

• ]. This strengthens the point that for every type of nanoparticles, full toxicology analyses with meaningful and adequate in vitro to in vivo correlations are required. Freund and co-workers [45] used 56Fe SPIONs covered in 14C oleic acid to radiolabel and quantify the accumulated Fe. They proved that the

• weight [127]. In an extensive toxicology experiment on iron nanoparticles, Volkovova et al. [171] found that the lethal dose for 50% of rats is 36 mg Fe/kg body weight. Their study was focused on the SPION effects on the liver, where they found only mild necrosis and lipidosis, but the paper did not

Effects of gold and PCL- or PLLA-coated silica nanoparticles on brain endothelial cells and the blood–brain barrier

• Aniela Bittner,
• Angélique D. Ducray,
• Hans Rudolf Widmer,
• Michael H. Stoffel and
• Meike Mevissen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 941–954, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.95

• Aniela Bittner Angelique D. Ducray Hans Rudolf Widmer Michael H. Stoffel Meike Mevissen Division of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 124, 3012 Bern, Switzerland Department of Neurosurgery, Research Unit, Inselspital, University of Bern

Nanocellulose: Recent advances and its prospects in environmental remediation

• Katrina Pui Yee Shak,
• Yean Ling Pang and
• Shee Keat Mah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2479–2498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.232

• toxicology) for some cases, further optimization and improvement must be made. Furthermore, the fabrication of nanocellulose-based adsorbents is mostly established based on CNF, and limited when it comes to CNC. Nanocellulose-based photocatalysts Recently, numerous inorganic-organic hybrid-based

Green synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots from spices for in vitro imaging and tumour cell growth inhibition

• Nagamalai Vasimalai,
• Vânia Vilas-Boas,
• Juan Gallo,
• María de Fátima Cerqueira,
• Mario Menéndez-Miranda,
• José Manuel Costa-Fernández,
• Lorena Diéguez,
• Begoña Espiña and
• María Teresa Fernández-Argüelles

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 530–544, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.51

• , 4715-330 Braga, Portugal UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050–313 Porto, Portugal Center of Physics, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal Department of Physical and

Needs and challenges for assessing the environmental impacts of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs)

• Michelle Romero-Franco,
• Hilary A. Godwin,
• Muhammad Bilal and
• Yoram Cohen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 989–1014, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.101

• , the approach is not built for direct analysis of quantitative data or handling of areas of missing information. The Decision-making framework for the grouping and testing of nanomaterials (DF4Nano grouping) was designed by the European Center for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals (ECETOC

• the environment, and consumption of resources [67]. According to the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC), LCA consists of the following steps: i) goal scope and definition (e.g., establishment of the product under analysis and study objectives); ii) life cycle inventory analysis

Phospholipid arrays on porous polymer coatings generated by micro-contact spotting

• Sylwia Sekula-Neuner,
• Monica de Freitas,
• Lea-Marie Tröster,
• Tobias Jochum,
• Pavel A. Levkin,
• Michael Hirtz and
• Harald Fuchs

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 715–722, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.75

• and Synchrotron Radiation (IPS), Laboratory for Applications of Synchrotron Radiation (LAS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany Institute of Toxicology and Genetics (ITG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany

The cleaner, the greener? Product sustainability assessment of the biomimetic façade paint Lotusan^® in comparison to the conventional façade paint Jumbosil^®

• Florian Antony,
• Rainer Grießhammer,
• Thomas Speck and
• Olga Speck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2100–2115, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.200

• , CEDnon-renewable as sum of the aforementioned), the ReCiPe environmental impact assessment model in the version of 2008, the IPCC method regarding the global warming potential (GWP) and the USEtox model for dealing with toxicology aspects related to the production and use of the two paints. A short

• products regarding toxicology aspects within the LCA. In the course of conducting the LCA, the demand for titanium dioxide in both paints could be identified as main driver of toxicity potential indicator results. Regarding the base-case scenario, Lotusan® shows about 20% higher USEtoxhumantox indicator

Nanoinformatics for environmental health and biomedicine

• Rong Liu and
• Yoram Cohen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2449–2451, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.253

• nanomaterials for their various intended applications, large amounts of data are being generated for better understanding and mapping the toxicology and pharmacology of nanomaterials. Nanomaterials data are typically sought regarding their physicochemical and structural properties, environmentally related

Application of biclustering of gene expression data and gene set enrichment analysis methods to identify potentially disease causing nanomaterials

• Andrew Williams and
• Sabina Halappanavar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2438–2448, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.252

• toxicology tools have been assessed using both in vitro and in vivo models for their suitability and applicability for toxicity testing of NMs. However, these tools are single-endpoint-based or targeted in nature, investigate only one type of response at a time, and lack detailed mechanistic information [44