Red light excitation: illuminating photocatalysis in a new spectrum

• Lucas Fortier,
• Corentin Lefebvre and
• Norbert Hoffmann

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2025, 21, 296–326, doi:10.3762/bjoc.21.22

• of side reactions. This latter advantage has been notably exploited in the case of ring-closing olefin metathesis reactions, where Weizmann et al. utilized the photothermal response of plasmons from gold nanoparticles to activate the catalyst [17]. This approach contrasts with the work of Rovis et al

(E,Z)-1,1,1,4,4,4-Hexafluorobut-2-enes: hydrofluoroolefins halogenation/dehydrohalogenation cascade to reach new fluorinated allene

• Nataliia V. Kirij,
• Andrey A. Filatov,
• Yurii L. Yagupolskii,
• Sheng Peng and
• Lee Sprague

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 452–459, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.40

• significantly. One of the new and budding directions in recent years is the stereoselective olefin metathesis processes based on catalysis by complexes of molybdenum, tungsten and ruthenium [3][4][5]. The first publications have recently appeared that molybdenum complexes can catalyze cross-metathesis of butene

Strategies in the synthesis of dibenzo[b,f]heteropines

• David I. H. Maier,
• Barend C. B. Bezuidenhoudt and
• Charlene Marais

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2023, 19, 700–718, doi:10.3762/bjoc.19.51

• moderate to good yield (35–82%). 3.5 Ring-closing metathesis Olefin metathesis is a metal-catalysed reaction wherein carbon–carbon double bonds are cleaved and formed through an intermediate cyclometallacarbene 114, thus allowing for transalkylidenation and the formation of mixed alkenes 115 (Scheme 24

• coupling in dibenzo[b,f]oxepine synthesis. Wittig reaction and Ullmann coupling as key steps in dihydrobenz[b,f]oxepine synthesis. Pd-catalysed dibenzo[b,f]azepine synthesis via norbornene azepine intermediate 109. A simple representation of olefin metathesis resulting in transalkylidenation. Ring-closing

Strategies to access the [5-8] bicyclic core encountered in the sesquiterpene, diterpene and sesterterpene series

• Cécile Alleman,
• Charlène Gadais,
• Laurent Legentil and
• François-Hugues Porée

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2023, 19, 245–281, doi:10.3762/bjoc.19.23

• ][9]. Metathesis reactions take place by the means of a metallic catalyst. Firstly, olefin metathesis was achieved with an air-sensitive tungsten complex [8]. An important focus on air-stable catalyst design was undertaken and contributed to the popularization of the reaction. Thus, Grubbs catalysts

A resorcin[4]arene hexameric capsule as a supramolecular catalyst in elimination and isomerization reactions

• Tommaso Lorenzetto,
• Fabrizio Fabris and
• Alessandro Scarso

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2022, 18, 337–349, doi:10.3762/bjoc.18.38

• synthesis of sesquiterpene natural product derivatives [38][39] and the carbonyl olefin metathesis leading to 2,5-dihydropyrroles [40]. Herein we present our investigation on the ability of the hexameric capsule 16 to act as a supramolecular self-assembled organocatalyst for a series of unimolecular

Strategies for the synthesis of brevipolides

• Yudhi D. Kurniawan and
• A'liyatur Rosyidah

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2399–2416, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.157

• Kumaraswamy in 2014, several model, formal, and total syntheses of brevipolides have been performed, adding more understanding to the chemical and biological aspects of these compounds. In particular, in this review, the main strategies for the synthesis of brevipolides involve: 1) olefin metathesis; 2

A study on selective transformation of norbornadiene into fluorinated cyclopentane-fused isoxazolines

• Zsanett Benke,
• Attila M. Remete and
• Loránd Kiss

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2051–2066, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.132

• ; organofluorine chemistry; selectivity; Introduction Olefin metathesis is considered to be a powerful synthetic tool for the creation of olefin bonds [1]. Several types of metathesis reactions, such as ring-opening metathesis (ROM), cross-metathesis (CM), ring-closing metathesis (RCM) or ring-opening/cross

• metathesis catalysts have allowed wide applicability of these transformations [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Moreover, the robustness of many commercial Ru-based catalysts has enabled the general application of olefin metathesis in the synthesis of versatile functionalized heterocycles [9][10][11], a wide variety

• the structure of a certain metathesis substrate, the nature of the catalyst and all experimental conditions may highly influence metathesis reactions and determine the outcome of olefin metathesis. The accurate prediction of a specific catalyst, including its efficiency, the suitable experimental

Recent advances in the syntheses of anthracene derivatives

• Giovanni S. Baviera and
• Paulo M. Donate

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2028–2050, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.131

• sequential modifications [30], photocyclization of divinylterphenyl derivatives [31], tandem radical cyclization of (Z,Z)-1,4-bis(2-iodostyryl)benzene derivatives [32], and ring-closing olefin metathesis of tetravinylterphenyls [33] as the best-known synthetic routes. Herein, we have classified the synthetic

A comprehensive review of flow chemistry techniques tailored to the flavours and fragrances industries

• Guido Gambacorta,
• James S. Sharley and
• Ian R. Baxendale

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1181–1312, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.90

Helicene synthesis by Brønsted acid-catalyzed cycloaromatization in HFIP [(CF₃)₂CHOH]

• Takeshi Fujita,
• Noriaki Shoji,
• Nao Yoshikawa and
• Junji Ichikawa

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 396–403, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.35

• reactions (Scheme 1a). Diels–Alder (Scheme 1b) [15] and radical reactions (Scheme 1c) [16] directed toward helicene synthesis require high temperature conditions even for low to moderate yields. Olefin metathesis (Scheme 1d) [17] and alkyne trimerization (Scheme 1e) [18][19] require the use of expensive

Recent progress in the synthesis of homotropane alkaloids adaline, euphococcinine and N-methyleuphococcinine

• Dimas J. P. Lima,
• Antonio E. G. Santana,
• Michael A. Birkett and
• Ricardo S. Porto

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 28–41, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.4

• , activated by lithium ion in a tricyclic N,O-acetal (−)-46, and an olefin metathesis (RCM) of a dialkenylpiperidine (−)-50 for the construction of an azabicyclononane system [48]. The synthetic sequence described by the authors is shown in Scheme 6. The lactam present in 43 was opened by treatment with

• before the key cyclization step. It was also the first example of olefin metathesis in (−)-adaline (1) synthesis. Kibayashi's approach consisted of 13 steps in an overall yield of about 28.3% from precursor 43, previously used by the authors in the synthesis of (−)-adalinine [49]. The spectral data (1H

• , Spino et al. firstly made the quaternary center, followed by cyclization. Furthermore, Spino's synthesis involved key reactions such as Claisen rearrangement, olefin metathesis, and the Curtius rearrangement that allowed both natural products in good yields. Davis synthesis – 2010 Davis and Edupuganti

Design and synthesis of a bis-macrocyclic host and guests as building blocks for small molecular knots

• Elizabeth A. Margolis,
• Rebecca J. Keyes,
• Stephen D. Lockey IV and
• Edward E. Fenlon

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 2314–2321, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.192

• [13][17][18][19][20]. The first-generation TLC approach for the synthesis of molecular knots involved a single knot precursor compound that had two macrocycles and two long tails [13][21]. Solvophobic effects [22][23] were used to promote the tail threading step, ring-closing olefin metathesis (RCM

In silico rationalisation of selectivity and reactivity in Pd-catalysed C–H activation reactions

• Liwei Cao,
• Mikhail Kabeshov,
• Steven V. Ley and
• Alexei A. Lapkin

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1465–1475, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.122

• synthetic strategies. Such examples in recent years include olefin metathesis [1] as well as C–C and C–N coupling reactions [2], among the most obvious examples. While these reactions undoubtedly had very significant impacts on the development of much cleaner and efficient chemical synthesis strategies, the

Combining enyne metathesis with long-established organic transformations: a powerful strategy for the sustainable synthesis of bioactive molecules

• Valerian Dragutan,
• Ileana Dragutan,
• Albert Demonceau and
• Lionel Delaude

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 738–755, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.68

• ][39][40][41][42][43]. In ingeniously elaborated procedures, olefin metathesis has been frequently employed as such or associated with name reactions like Grignard, Wittig, Diels–Alder, Suzuki–Miyaura, Heck, etc., resulting in the assembly of diverse intricate building blocks of the targeted structures

• [44]. Among the various embodiments of olefin metathesis, the highly chemoselective enyne metathesis reaction [45][46][47][48][49] has led to some of the most striking advances in the development of modern, efficient synthetic protocols [50][51]. Thus, the present account focuses on the impressive

Progress in metathesis chemistry

• Karol Grela and
• Anna Kajetanowicz

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 2765–2766, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.267

• Karol Grela Anna Kajetanowicz Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury Street 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland 10.3762/bjoc.15.267 Keywords: methathesis; Ten years have already passed since the publication of the first thematic issue on olefin metathesis in the Beilstein Journal of

• pills are now truly user friendly. Olefin metathesis catalysts can work under homo- or heterogeneous conditions, as well as under continuous flow. The stability of Ru–methylidene species (an attribute important for a successful ethenolysis process) has been significantly improved. Importantly, we have

• catalysts work and decompose, how macrocycles are formed in ring-closing metathesis, etc. Representative examples of these directions have been the subject of the current, third thematic issue on Olefin Metathesis, including highly educative reviews on tandem olefin metathesis–Suzuki–Miyaura cross coupling

Formation of alkyne-bridged ferrocenophanes using ring-closing alkyne metathesis on 1,1’-diacetylenic ferrocenes

• Celine Bittner,
• Dirk Bockfeld and
• Matthias Tamm

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 2534–2543, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.246

• shown for complex I as well [13][16][46]. Beforehand, the promotion of terminal alkyne metathesis (TAM) proved to be difficult due to several deactivation pathways [47][48][49][50][51][52][53]. Regarding the metathesis of organometallic substrates, numerous examples of a conversion via olefin metathesis

• can be found in the literature [54][55][56][57], including the formation of olefinic metallocenophanes via ring-closing olefin metathesis [58][59][60][61], and the preparation of supramolecular structures using template synthesis [62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69]. However, only few cases are

An overview of the cycloaddition chemistry of fulvenes and emerging applications

• Ellen Swan,
• Kirsten Platts and
• Anton Blencowe

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 2113–2132, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.209

• irreversible precipitation of a product, and an inevitable shift in dynamic equilibrium. Several types of reversible reactions have been successfully employed in the formation of DCL, including transesterification, peptide bond exchange, disulphide exchange, olefin metathesis and boronic ester formation [189

N-(1-Phenylethyl)aziridine-2-carboxylate esters in the synthesis of biologically relevant compounds

• Iwona E. Głowacka,
• Aleksandra Trocha,
• Andrzej E. Wróblewski and
• Dorota G. Piotrowska

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 1722–1757, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.168

• hydrolysis. Installation of the allyl group at the nitrogen atom required prior derivatization as an oxazolidin-2-one and Birch reduction to furnish 204. To construct a properly functionalized piperidine ring olefin metathesis was performed to supply the key intermediate 205. Taking advantage of the steric

Hoveyda–Grubbs catalysts with an N→Ru coordinate bond in a six-membered ring. Synthesis of stable, industrially scalable, highly efficient ruthenium metathesis catalysts and 2-vinylbenzylamine ligands as their precursors

• Kirill B. Polyanskii,
• Kseniia A. Alekseeva,
• Pavel V. Raspertov,
• Pavel A. Kumandin,
• Eugeniya V. Nikitina,
• Atash V. Gurbanov and
• Fedor I. Zubkov

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 769–779, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.73

• ; cross metathesis; Hoveyda–Grubbs catalyst; olefin metathesis; RCM; ring-closing metathesis; ring-opening cross metathesis; ROCM; ruthenium metathesis catalyst; styrene; 2-vinylbenzylamine; Introduction Ruthenium-catalysed olefin metathesis reactions have been playing an important role in various fields

Solid-phase synthesis of biaryl bicyclic peptides containing a 3-aryltyrosine or a 4-arylphenylalanine moiety

• Iteng Ng-Choi,
• Àngel Oliveras,
• Lidia Feliu and
• Marta Planas

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 761–768, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.72

• -terminal groups of the peptide and their putative target. This method has been used for the macrocyclization of peptides through, for example, copper-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloadditions [14], ring-closing olefin metathesis [13] or the formation of an aryl–aryl bond between the side chain of two aromatic

Aqueous olefin metathesis: recent developments and applications

• Valerio Sabatino and
• Thomas R. Ward

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 445–468, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.39

• Valerio Sabatino Thomas R. Ward Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Building 1096, Mattenstraße 24a, Biopark Rosental, 4058, Basel, Switzerland 10.3762/bjoc.15.39 Abstract Olefin metathesis is one of the most powerful C–C double-bond-forming reactions. Metathesis reactions have had a

• exploit biocompatible conditions. This review focuses on the progress made in aqueous olefin metatheses and their applications in chemical biology. Keywords: aqueous catalysis; artificial metalloenzymes; chemical biology; green chemistry; olefin metathesis; ruthenium catalysts; stapled peptides

• ; Introduction Olefin metathesis represents a versatile synthetic tool for the construction of carbon–carbon bonds [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Since its first report in 1956, a Ti(II)-catalyzed polymerization of norbornene [10], metathesis rapidly attracted interest among organic chemists and has been used in

Application of olefin metathesis in the synthesis of functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) and POSS-containing polymeric materials

• Patrycja Żak and
• Cezary Pietraszuk

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 310–332, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.28

• Patrycja Zak Cezary Pietraszuk Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Faculty of Chemistry, Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznań, Poland 10.3762/bjoc.15.28 Abstract This mini-review summarizes the applications of olefin metathesis in synthesis and functionalization of polyhedral oligomeric

• POSS-substituted norbornene (or other ROMP susceptible cycloolefins) are discussed. Emphasis was put on the synthetic and catalytic aspects rather than on the properties and applications of synthesized materials. Keywords: olefin metathesis; POSS; silsesquioxanes; Introduction Silsesquioxanes are

• chemistry), POSS are often functionalized through the chemical processes of C=C bond transformation, e.g., hydrosilylation, Heck coupling, silylative coupling and olefin metathesis. Olefin metathesis, i.e., catalytic exchange of double bonds between carbon atoms, is a powerful tool in organic synthesis. The

Olefin metathesis in multiblock copolymer synthesis

• Maria L. Gringolts,
• Yulia I. Denisova,
• Eugene Sh. Finkelshtein and
• Yaroslav V. Kudryavtsev

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 218–235, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.21

• nanomaterials that combine various functional properties with durability and enhanced mechanical characteristics. Our mini-review addresses synthetic approaches to the design of multiblock copolymers from unsaturated monomers and polymers using olefin metathesis reactions and other ways of chemical modification

• . Keywords: ADMET; macromolecular cross metathesis; multiblock copolymers; olefin metathesis; ROMP; Introduction Nowadays, olefin metathesis has become a well-established field of organic and polymer chemistry. The discovery of metallocarbene initiators that are capable of catalyzing metathesis

• approaches to multiblock copolymer syntheses via olefin metathesis reactions developed mainly over the past ten years. The following sections address the achievements and perspectives of three main techniques used for this purpose, namely, sequential ring-opening metathesis polymerization, coupling of end

Ammonium-tagged ruthenium-based catalysts for olefin metathesis in aqueous media under ultrasound and microwave irradiation

• Łukasz Gułajski,
• Andrzej Tracz,
• Katarzyna Urbaniak,
• Stefan J. Czarnocki,
• Michał Bieniek and
• Tomasz K. Olszewski

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 160–166, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.16

• Abstract The influence of microwave and ultrasonic irradiation on the performance of ammonium-tagged Ru-based catalysts in olefin metathesis transformations in aqueous media was studied. Differences in the catalytic activity in correlation with the nature of the present counter ion and the size of the N

• -heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand were revealed. The presented methodology allows for preparation of a variety of polar and non-polar metathesis products under environmentally friendly conditions. Keywords: catalysis; green chemistry; microwave; N-heterocyclic carbene; olefin metathesis; ruthenium; ultrasound

• ; Introduction Olefin metathesis is well established as a powerful transformation used for effective and elegant creation of new carbon–carbon double bonds [1][2]. The development of commercially available, stable and effective catalysts for that reaction [3][4][5][6] made possible for its wide application not

Selective ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of cyclobutenes. Unsymmetrical ladderphane containing polycyclobutene and polynorbornene strands

• Yuan-Zhen Ke,
• Shou-Ling Huang,
• Guoqiao Lai and
• Tien-Yau Luh

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 44–51, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.4

• (Figures S8–S10). The rate constants were thus obtained (Figures S1 and S2). Strategy for sequential ROMP of 1 to yield 3. ROMP of 4 and 5 in THF at 0 °C in the presence of 10 mol % of 6. Retrosynthesis of 8 from 9. Synthesis of monomer 9. Synthesis of 14 and 8 by selective olefin metathesis