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Search for "DSC" in Full Text gives 144 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry.
Hot shape transformation: the role of PSar dehydration in stomatocyte morphogenesis
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2025, 21, 47–54, doi:10.3762/bjoc.21.5
- was determined using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S18). The results revealed a Tg of approximately 100 °C for PSar-PBLG, indicating the potential for shape locking through transitions between fluidity and a glassy state. Additionally, examination of
- the PSar corona in which the pyrene resided. This change shifted the ratio between I1/I3 of pyrenes fluorescence, going down from 1.50 to 1.31 (Figure 3b). This is a clear indication of the environment of the pyrene probe becoming more hydrophobic. The information obtained from DSC, accompanied by the
Efficient synthesis of fluorinated triphenylenes with enhanced arene–perfluoroarene interactions in columnar mesophases
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 3263–3273, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.270
- methodologies. The mesomorphous properties of these two sets of compounds were investigated by polarized optical microscopy (POM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and small-and wide-angle X-ray scattering (S/WAXS) and compared to related fluorinated and non-fluorinated homologs. The results showed that
- features, with small fraction of dark area, which could be possibly attributed to a reduction of the mesophase symmetry. The results of the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) are summarized in Figure 4 (see also Supporting Information File 1, Figures S37, S38 and Table S5 for details), confirming the
- Supporting Information File 1 (Figure S36). Comparative bar graph summarizing the thermal behavior of Fn, BTP6, and PHn derivatives (2nd heating DSC data). Representative S/WAXS patterns of Fn and Gnm compounds. Absorption (a) and emission (b) spectra of F6 and G66, measured in different solvents at a
Structure and thermal stability of phosphorus-iodonium ylids
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 2931–2939, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.245
- functionalities they can transfer. In this study, a fundamental understanding of the thermal stability of phosphorus-iodonium ylids is obtained through X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Insights into the structural factors affecting thermal stability
- ][26][27] and the mechanisms by which they decompose when heated through a systematic investigation of structural data from X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermal stability data from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The insights from this study will galvanise
- investigated in our study (Table 1). Thermal stability data The phosphorus-iodonium ylids were analysed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) [34][35], and results have been summarised in Table 2 and Figure 3. (The full dataset is available in Supporting Information
Interaction of a pyrene derivative with cationic [60]fullerene in phospholipid membranes and its effects on photodynamic actions
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 2732–2738, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.231
- -size membrane (Croda International Plc. Avanti Polar Lipids, Inc.). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) DSC was performed using a MicroCalTMPEAQ-DSC System (Malvern Panalytical, Ltd., Malvern, U.K.). Liposomal suspensions of DMPC with or without catC60 or C60 were dispersed in PBS(–) (1 mM DMPC
- free PyBA. Data analysis, including calculation of the phase transition temperature, was performed using the MicroCal PEAQ-DSC Software. UV–vis absorption measurement UV–vis spectra of DMPC liposomes (1 mM DMPC) with or without catC60 or C60 were measured in PBS(–) using a UV-3600 Plus absorption
Deciphering the mechanism of γ-cyclodextrin’s hydrophobic cavity hydration: an integrated experimental and theoretical study
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 2635–2643, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.221
- properties of γ-CD (the largest of the three most abundant native CDs), the main experimental methods applied in this study were differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). By coupling these techniques with density functional theory (DFT) calculations we try to shed some
- of interactions (i.e., water–water and/or water–CD walls) contribute to the stability of the water assemble; (iv) how does the mechanism of the γ-CD hydration compare with those of its α-CD and β-CD counterparts. Keywords: cyclodextrin; DFT calculation; DSC/TG; hydration; thermodynamic
- contains 7.1 water molecules, which occupy 14 sites [24]. Literature TG data show a 7.2% mass loss up to 105 °C, with a peak maximum at 63.4 °C, corresponding to the water release [25]. DSC data correlate with the TG results, revealing an endothermic peak related to the water release at 80.9 °C [25]. In
Tandem diazotization/cyclization approach for the synthesis of a fused 1,2,3-triazinone-furazan/furoxan heterocyclic system
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 2342–2348, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.200
- experiments demonstrated that derivatives 1a–f and 7a–e are thermally stable substances with a melting point range of 150–224 °C (DSC curves are provided in Supporting Information File 1), and could be used as components of functional organic materials. Conclusion In summary, we have developed a convenient
- . Supporting Information Supporting Information File 96: Experimental procedures, characterization data of all products, copies of 1H, 13C NMR, 15N spectra of new compounds, DSC curves,X-ray crystallographic data and copies of IR spectra. Acknowledgements The crystal structure determination was performed at
Aromatic systems with two and three pyridine-2,6-dicarbazolyl-3,5-dicarbonitrile fragments as electron-transporting organic semiconductors exhibiting long-lived emissions
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2023, 19, 1867–1880, doi:10.3762/bjoc.19.139
- analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), respectively. The experimental data are shown in Figure 5 and the characteristics are collected in Table 1. An amorphous character of the derivatives was identified. No endothermic (melting) or exothermic (crystallization) transitions were
- observed during the 1st and 2nd DSC heating and cooling scans. However, glass transitions were detected for all the studied compounds. The glass transition temperatures (Tg) fall in the range between 63 and 93 °C (Figure 5b). A correlation between the glass transition temperature and the molecular weight
- , 126.80, 125.76, 124.23, 116.61, 114.09, 112.40, 99.15, 90.69, 34.93, 31.83; Anal. calcd for C171H159N15: C, 84.72; H, 6.61; N, 8.67; found: C, 84.54; H, 6.60; N, 8.55. Measurements In this experimental investigation, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were
Effects of the aldehyde-derived ring substituent on the properties of two new bioinspired trimethoxybenzoylhydrazones: methyl vs nitro groups
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2023, 19, 1713–1727, doi:10.3762/bjoc.19.125
- the Federal Fluminense University (LDRX-UFF: http://ldrx.sites.uff.br/) for the X-ray diffraction facilities. Funding SPM, DSC and NAR thank the scientific Brazilian funding agency CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico) - 304105/2021-0, 150898/2022-3 and 306866/2021-8
A deep-red fluorophore based on naphthothiadiazole as emitter with hybridized local and charge transfer and ambipolar transporting properties for electroluminescent devices
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2023, 19, 1664–1676, doi:10.3762/bjoc.19.122
- scanning calorimetry (DSC) under N2 atmosphere at a scanning rate of 10 °C min−1. As displayed in Figure 5a, the compound has a high thermal stability with a decomposition temperature at 5% weight loss (T5d) of 498 °C, a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 236 °C, and a melting temperature (Tm) of 376 °C
- , and Ag/AgCl) in dry CH2Cl2 containing 0.1 M n-Bu4NPF6 as a supporting electrolyte under argon. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were recorded using a Rigaku STA8122 thermogravimetric analyzer and a PerkinElmer DSC 8500 Lab System, respectively. Melting
- illumination). a) DSC and TGA thermograms measured at a heating rate of 10 °C min−1 under N2 flow. b) Cyclic voltammogram (CV) and differential pulse voltammogram (DPV) analyzed in dry CH2Cl2 at a scan rate of 50 mV s−1 under an argon atmosphere (insert: HOMO/HOMO−1/LUMO orbitals). a) Schematic structure of
Cyclodextrins permeabilize DPPC liposome membranes: a focus on cholesterol content, cyclodextrin type, and concentration
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2023, 19, 1570–1579, doi:10.3762/bjoc.19.115
- chains of the phospholipid and the CD molecules where many α-CD units string along the nonpolar chains of DPPC forming a rotaxane-like ring [11]. DSC studies have also proved that α-CD forms an insoluble complex with DPPC [22]. Besides, α-CD has previously demonstrated the strongest destabilizing effect
Organic thermally activated delayed fluorescence material with strained benzoguanidine donor
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2023, 19, 1289–1298, doi:10.3762/bjoc.19.95
- material 4CzIPN, having a Td in the range of 402–449 °C (Td range is dependent on the type of the 4CzIPN polymorph) [11][12]. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) shows an endothermic process in the range of 237 to 265 °C which can be associated with the glass transition temperature (Tg) for the
Discrimination of β-cyclodextrin/hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) oil/flavonoid glycoside and flavonolignan ternary complexes by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy coupled with principal component analysis
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2023, 19, 380–398, doi:10.3762/bjoc.19.30
- the level of degradation compounds were determined by thermal methods (thermogravimetry-differential thermogravimetry, TG–DTG, and differential scanning calorimetry, DSC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), respectively. The addition of sodium caseinate during the CD complexation of fish
- was demonstrated by both thermal (TG–DTG and DSC) and chromatographic (GC–MS for the degradation compounds, i.e., aldehydes, formylated carboxylic acids, or dicarboxylic acids) methods [16]. Also, vegetable oils containing unsaturated FA moieties were stabilized by CD complexation. Common bean
- , especially by DSC. Both TG–DTG and DSC thermal analyses provide information about the molecular inclusion of guest molecules into the β-CD cavity. Unfortunately, these methods cannot differentiate between the encapsulated components and their entrapment efficiency. However, the goal of the study was the
Investigation of cationic ring-opening polymerization of 2-oxazolines in the “green” solvent dihydrolevoglucosenone
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2023, 19, 217–230, doi:10.3762/bjoc.19.21
- from 25 °C to 900 °C with a 10 K/min heating rate and the mass loss measured. The resulting data were evaluated with the NETZSCH Proteus – Thermal Analysis – V.5.2.1 software. Dynamic scanning calorimetry (DSC) was performed on a DSC 204F1 Phoenix (NETZSCH, Selb, Germany) under a N2 atmosphere (20.0 mL
- Information File 1). The analyzed product exhibited a glass transition temperature (Tg) at 140 °C, and no melting point was observed by DSC (Figure S5b, Supporting Information File 1), pointing to an amorphous nature of the resulting material. Incubation of EtOx with DLG at 90 °C showed no new signals in the
Inclusion complexes of the steroid hormones 17β-estradiol and progesterone with β- and γ-cyclodextrin hosts: syntheses, X-ray structures, thermal analyses and API solubility enhancements
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2022, 18, 1749–1762, doi:10.3762/bjoc.18.184
- thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses for the four CD inclusion complexes (Figure 5a–d) primarily indicated their water content and thermal stability, the data for their thermal events being summarised in Table 1. These results were further accompanied by hot stage
- correlate when comparing the results obtained from the TGA and DSC instruments, but the two methods did involve different sample configurations (samples in open pans vs crimped, vented pans). For all four complexes dehydration was initially observed, either as a multi- or single-step process, as confirmed
- by the respective DSC curves (Figures S15–S18 in Supporting Information File 1) and dTGA curves (Figures S19–S22 in Supporting Information File 1). Other thermal events such as minor phase transitions were observed for β-CD·BES and β-CD·PRO as well as premature decomposition, displayed by β-CD·BES in
Introducing a new 7-ring fused diindenone-dithieno[3,2-b:2',3'-d]thiophene unit as a promising component for organic semiconductor materials
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2022, 18, 944–955, doi:10.3762/bjoc.18.94
- was determined [62]. Thermal properties An uncorrected melting point of EtH-T-DI-DTT was measured to be 230 °C. The DSC curve, shown in Figure S19 in Supporting Information File 1, shows a maximum at 214 °C, and apart from that no other phase transitions, which means that the material does not change
In-depth characterization of self-healing polymers based on π–π interactions
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2496–2504, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.166
- differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The TGA revealed a high thermal stability up to a temperature of 370 °C (for curves see Supporting Information File 1). The temperature was determined at a residual mass of 95%. The DSC on the other hand indicates several thermal
- transition is associated with the endothermic signal measured in the DSC and based on the activation of the π–π interactions. Such a behavior could also be observed for other supramolecular polymers; however, the temperature window, in which the drop of the storage and loss moduli occurred, is rather small
- transition at 125–130 °C, no crossover of G' and G'' could be observed indicating no active supramolecular bonds. Furthermore, at this temperature (80 °C) G' is higher than G'' indicating a network structure of the polymers. This finding correlates with the DSC results, since the π–π interactions are not
Exfoliated black phosphorous-mediated CuAAC chemistry for organic and macromolecular synthesis under white LED and near-IR irradiation
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2477–2487, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.164
- differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The DSC thermogram shows two exothermic peaks at 220.38 and 241.74 °C, corresponding to the photo click cure reaction in two stages (Figure 6a). Since a complete reaction of all the azide groups could not occur during the dynamic ramping of temperature, the residual
- copolymer (Ps-b-PCL). a) DSC thermogram of photoinduced synthesis of nanocomposite networks (heating rate: 10 °C/min). b) FTIR spectra of Alk-5, Az-3 monomers and the corresponding cross-linked polymer. (a, b) TEM images of cross-linked polymer at two different magnifications, c) HAADF-STEM image and d) the
Mesoionic tetrazolium-5-aminides: Synthesis, molecular and crystal structures, UV–vis spectra, and DFT calculations
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 385–395, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.34
- -(methylsulfonyl)-1-phenyl-1H-tetrazole with substitution of bromine and methylsulfonyl groups giving the corresponding tetrazolium salts or conjugate aminides. The obtained mesoionic tetrazoles have been characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR, NMR, and UV–vis spectroscopy, TGA/DSC analysis and for 1,3-di-tert
- solvatochromism, that is discussed in more detail in the theoretical section. The 13C NMR shift of the C5 endocyclic atom for aminides 8 is observed at 162.1–163.1 ppm in DMSO-d6. For the parent 5-aminotetrazolium salts, this chemical shift is found at 156.5–158.3 ppm in the same solvent. The TGA/DSC data show
- and 5-(methylsulfonyl)-1-phenyl-1H-tetrazole and substitute bromine and methylsulfonyl groups giving tetrazolium salts or conjugate aminides. The obtained mesoionic tetrazoles have been characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR, NMR and UV–vis spectroscopy, TGA/DSC analysis, and for 1,3-di-tert
Tuning the solid-state emission of liquid crystalline nitro-cyanostilbene by halogen bonding
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 124–131, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.13
- subsequent drying in vacuo yielded the desired assemblies. The mesomorphic behaviour of the assemblies was investigated by polarised optical microscopy (POM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It should be noted that the individual building blocks F4St and F4Az as well as NO2-C8 and NO2-C9 do not
- azo benzenes with different fluorination patterns was synthesised (F4Az, F3Az, F2Az, F2’Az) and combined with NO2-C10 in CH2Cl2. Upon removal of the solvent the material was investigated with respect to its mesomorphic behaviour using POM and DSC. In a simplified view, the experimental data is in line
- gradually decreases with increasing temperature. At 70 °C, the fluorescence is almost completely quenched. This temperature correlates with the transition from the crystalline phase to the liquid crystalline phase as observed by POM and DSC. The further heating to 110 °C did not yield significant changes in
Dirhamnolipid ester – formation of reverse wormlike micelles in a binary (primerless) system
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 2820–2830, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.232
- (DSC) analysis was performed to obtain some more information about the interactions that are responsible for the gel-like behavior. Five heating and cooling cycles were recorded for the gemini surfactant 7/toluene system (5 wt %). The DSC curves (Figure S5 in Supporting Information File 1) once again
- cooling phase, the exothermic formation of the network is indicated by a maximum at 42 °C. This hysteresis of ΔT = 3 °C is consistent with the results obtained from the rheological measurements. Furthermore, the melting and gel formation enthalpies were extracted from the DSC data (Table S2, Supporting
- reverse wormlike micelles, whereas most surfactants need to be purified, e.g., by recrystallization [54]. Also, the prototype of reverse micelles, organogels by lecithin, has high expectations towards the purity of the molecules [19]. Experimental Differential scanning calorimetry DSC data were obtained
Synthesis and properties of quinazoline-based versatile exciplex-forming compounds
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1142–1153, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.101
- mass spectrometry. All compounds 1–3 were obtained as crystalline substances. The thermal characteristics were determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). During the first DSC heating scan (Figure 1a–c), melting signals of compounds 1–3 were detected in
- . Phosphorescence spectra were recorded at 77 K. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements were carried out using a TA Instruments Q2000 thermosystem. The samples were examined at a heating/cooling rate of 10 °C/min under a nitrogen atmosphere. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed with a TA
- (DSC); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.18 (d, J = 7.1 Hz, 2H), 8.09 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H), 8.00 (s, 4H), 7.87–7.69 (m, 4H), 7.53 (dd, J = 9.5, 6.3 Hz, 3H), 7.38 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 4H), 7.25 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 4H), 6.86 (t, J = 8.5 Hz, 1H), 1.37 (s, 36H); 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 165.01, 161.01, 156.01, 149.40
The charge-assisted hydrogen-bonded organic framework (CAHOF) self-assembled from the conjugated acid of tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)methane and 2,6-naphthalenedisulfonate as a new class of recyclable Brønsted acid catalysts
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1124–1134, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.99
- crystals were a typical druse setup. Type 2 were well-formed, nonisotropic crystals with two parallel planes in varying sizes (0.3 × 0.4 × 1 mm). The thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (TGA-DSC) of F-1 was conducted to examine its thermal properties. The TGA curve of the bulk
- material F-1 was prepared and characterized by X-ray diffraction, TGA-DSC, elemental analysis, and 1H NMR spectroscopy. One important role played by NDS was that the crystalline three-dimensional CAHOF F-1 was supported by hydrogen bonds between the sulfonate anions and the ammonium cations of NDS and TAPM
- groups, were omitted for clarity. Only the labels of symmetry-independent heteroatoms are shown. SEM image of F-1. SEM image of F-1 with an F-1a phase. TGA-DSC analysis of a sample of F-1. The TGA plot is shown in green, the DSC curve is shown in blue, and the first differential of the DSC curve is shown
Synthesis of novel multifunctional carbazole-based molecules and their thermal, electrochemical and optical properties
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1066–1074, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.93
- yields (Scheme 1). Compounds 7a and 7b were fully characterised by NMR, FTIR, MS, elemental analysis, TGA, DSC, CV, and absorption and emission spectroscopy. The data are given in Supporting Information File 1. Thermal properties The thermal properties of compounds 7a and 7b were investigated by
- thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). For TGA, compounds 7a and 7b were heated at 20 °C/min under nitrogen atmosphere. The decomposition temperatures (Td5%) corresponding to 5% weight losses for 7a and 7b were 291 °C and 307 °C, respectively. For DSC, compounds 7a and 7b were
- first heated to 450 °C and then cooled down to room temperature at 20 °C/min under a nitrogen atmosphere. Compounds 7a and 7b showed only clear melting transitions (Tm) at 95 °C and 86 °C, respectively. Upon first cooling and second heating, no phase transitions were observed at all. TGA and DSC curves
Aryl-substituted acridanes as hosts for TADF-based OLEDs
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 989–1000, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.88
- higher dihedral angles of 52.3° as compared to compounds 3, 5, and 6. The highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMOs) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMOs) of 3–6 are distributed over the entire molecules. Thermal properties The behavior under heating of derivatives 3–6 was examined by DSC
- , derivatives 3–5 could also form molecular glasses. The DSC thermograms of compound 4 are shown in Figure 2a. The crystalline sample of 4 melted at 201 °C on the first heating. The melt transformed into a solid amorphous material upon cooling. When the amorphous sample was heated on the second scan, the glass
- of 79 °C in the second heating, followed by an exothermic Tcr at 102 °C. Derivative 6 demonstrated different behavior in the DSC experiments. The DSC thermograms of 6 are shown in Figure 2b. The crystalline sample of 6 melted at 186 °C on the first heating and on cooling, the melted sample
Synthesis of organic liquid crystals containing selectively fluorinated cyclopropanes
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 674–680, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.65
- –11a With the four difluorocyclopropanes 8–11a in hand, our attention focused on an experimental evaluation of their thermodynamic and physical properties, such as birefringence (Δn) and dielectric anisotropy (Δε). DSC and POM analysis (Table 1) indicated that only compounds 8 and 9 exhibited smectic
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