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Search for "organic transformations" in Full Text gives 120 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry.

Solvent-free and room temperature synthesis of 3-arylquinolines from different anilines and styrene oxide in the presence of Al2O3/MeSO3H

  • Hashem Sharghi,
  • Mahdi Aberi,
  • Mohsen Khataminejad and
  • Pezhman Shiri

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 1977–1981, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.193

Graphical Abstract
  • MeSO3H has been previously used as an effective and mild reagent for organic transformations [14]. In continuation of our studies to develop new synthetic methods for heterocycles [15][16][17][18][19], herein, we disclose a novel route to the synthesis of 3-arylquinolines from aniline derivatives and
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Published 20 Sep 2017

Sustainable synthesis of 3-substituted phthalides via a catalytic one-pot cascade strategy from 2-formylbenzoic acid with β-keto acids in glycerol

  • Lina Jia and
  • Fuzhong Han

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 1425–1429, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.139

Graphical Abstract
  • , as an environmentally friendly reaction medium, has received increasing interest for organic reactions because of its peculiar physical and chemical properties such as polarity, low toxicity, biodegradability, high boiling point, and ready availability from renewable feed stocks [31]. Many organic
  • transformations have been accomplished using glycerol as a solvent [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. Therefore, as part of our ongoing research interest in exploring novel and sustainable transformations of β-keto acids [41][42], we envisioned that the direct utilization of β-keto acids as nucleophilic
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Published 19 Jul 2017

Pd- and Cu-catalyzed approaches in the syntheses of new cholane aminoanthraquinone pincer-like ligands

  • Nikolay V. Lukashev,
  • Gennadii A. Grabovyi,
  • Dmitry A. Erzunov,
  • Alexey V. Kazantsev,
  • Gennadij V. Latyshev,
  • Alexei D. Averin and
  • Irina P. Beletskaya.

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 564–570, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.55

Graphical Abstract
  • serve as sensors for aromatic compounds [24]. During the first decade of the XXI century, the main approaches to cyclic and pincer cholane derivatives were based on “classical” organic transformations (acylation, alkylation, etc.) [7][8][25][26][27]. Later, two modern synthetic approaches based on metal
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Published 20 Mar 2017

Extrusion – back to the future: Using an established technique to reform automated chemical synthesis

  • Deborah E. Crawford

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 65–75, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.9

Graphical Abstract
  • compounds including metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). To date, a vast amount of research has already been conducted into reactive extrusion (REX), particularly in the polymer industry, which in many cases has involved organic transformations, however, it has not received significant recognition for this
  • large quantities of materials in the range of tonnes per hour as a result of the extensive engineering research. Herein, a focused discussion of the reactive processes carried out by extrusion is provided. A substantial amount of the organic transformations carried out by extrusion has been in the
  • extensive amount of research into continuous organic transformations by extrusion and encourage them to consider the potential that extrusion holds for continuous chemical synthesis, particularly under solvent-free conditions. Reactive extrusion (REX) Extrusion is employed most frequently in the polymer
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Published 11 Jan 2017

Poly(ethylene glycol)s as grinding additives in the mechanochemical preparation of highly functionalized 3,5-disubstituted hydantoins

  • Andrea Mascitti,
  • Massimiliano Lupacchini,
  • Ruben Guerra,
  • Ilya Taydakov,
  • Lucia Tonucci,
  • Nicola d’Alessandro,
  • Frederic Lamaty,
  • Jean Martinez and
  • Evelina Colacino

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 19–25, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.3

Graphical Abstract
  • ) glycols (PEGs) are eco-friendly solvents [1][2], finding applications in the biomedical field and for pharmaceutical formulations [3] and catalysis [4]. PEG-based reaction media [1] are safe reaction environments, efficiently heated by microwaves [5], but their use in organic transformations activated by
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Published 04 Jan 2017

New approaches to organocatalysis based on C–H and C–X bonding for electrophilic substrate activation

  • Pavel Nagorny and
  • Zhankui Sun

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2834–2848, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.283

Graphical Abstract
  • bonds with the substrate have been developed and explored as catalysts of numerous organic transformations [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Such catalysts (i.e., I–IX) [16] may contain one or several highly polarized A–H···A bonds, where A is oxygen or nitrogen and are often designed to
  • directionality that might make these interactions of a great value to the field of organocatalysis [71][72][73]. Molecular iodine has been used for many decades as a mild catalyst or promoter of various organic transformations such as conjugate addition, imine formation or aldolate dehydration reactions [74][75
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Published 23 Dec 2016

Scope and limitations of a DMF bio-alternative within Sonogashira cross-coupling and Cacchi-type annulation

  • Kirsty L. Wilson,
  • Alan R. Kennedy,
  • Jane Murray,
  • Ben Greatrex,
  • Craig Jamieson and
  • Allan J. B. Watson

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2005–2011, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.187

Graphical Abstract
  • -used organic transformations. For example, the majority of many other standard cross-coupling processes employ inorganic or organic bases and heat (e.g., Suzuki–Miyaura, Heck). Accordingly, Cyrene may be projected to be incompatible with standard conditions for these reactions and its use would
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Published 08 Sep 2016

Bi- and trinuclear copper(I) complexes of 1,2,3-triazole-tethered NHC ligands: synthesis, structure, and catalytic properties

  • Shaojin Gu,
  • Jiehao Du,
  • Jingjing Huang,
  • Huan Xia,
  • Ling Yang,
  • Weilin Xu and
  • Chunxin Lu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 863–873, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.85

Graphical Abstract
  • [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. A number of transition metal complexes of NHCs containing pyridine [13], pyrimidine [14], pyrazole [15][16], naphthyridine [17], pyridazine [18], and phenanthroline [19][20] donating groups have been studied in metal-catalyzed organic transformations. Recently
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Published 03 May 2016

A modular approach to neutral P,N-ligands: synthesis and coordination chemistry

  • Vladislav Vasilenko,
  • Torsten Roth,
  • Clemens K. Blasius,
  • Sebastian N. Intorp,
  • Hubert Wadepohl and
  • Lutz H. Gade

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 846–853, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.83

Graphical Abstract
  • folded, whereas complexes of L3 exhibit a strong deviation from planarity. In summary, these results may be utilized for the design, preparation and structural elucidation of novel late transition metal complexes. Investigations into their potential as precatalysts for organic transformations are
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Published 29 Apr 2016

Recent advances in N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalysed benzoin reactions

  • Rajeev S. Menon,
  • Akkattu T. Biju and
  • Vijay Nair

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 444–461, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.47

Graphical Abstract
  • Interdisciplinary Science and Technology,Trivandrum 695 019, India.; Fax: +91 471 2491712; Tel: +91 471 2490406 10.3762/bjoc.12.47 Abstract N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have emerged as a powerful class of organocatalysts that mediate a variety of organic transformations. The Benzoin reaction constitutes one of
  • rekindling of interest in NHC-catalysed benzoin reactions coincided with the emergence of N-heterocyclic carbenes in the late twentieth century as non-toxic, readily available and versatile catalysts for a variety of organic transformations. Since then, a number of reports on a variety of benzoin reactions
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Published 09 Mar 2016

Organocatalytic asymmetric Henry reaction of 1H-pyrrole-2,3-diones with bifunctional amine-thiourea catalysts bearing multiple hydrogen-bond donors

  • Ming-Liang Zhang,
  • Deng-Feng Yue,
  • Zhen-Hua Wang,
  • Yuan Luo,
  • Xiao-Ying Xu,
  • Xiao-Mei Zhang and
  • Wei-Cheng Yuan

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 295–300, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.31

Graphical Abstract
  • demonstrated to be an effective and versatile strategy in facilitating a variety of organic transformations over the past decade, and numerous catalytic asymmetric reactions have been developed with various activation modes [1][2][3][4][5][6]. In this realm, chiral bifunctional catalysts, possessing two active
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Published 16 Feb 2016

Hexacoordinate Ru-based olefin metathesis catalysts with pH-responsive N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) and N-donor ligands for ROMP reactions in non-aqueous, aqueous and emulsion conditions

  • Shawna L. Balof,
  • K. Owen Nix,
  • Matthew S. Olliff,
  • Sarah E. Roessler,
  • Arpita Saha,
  • Kevin B. Müller,
  • Ulrich Behrens,
  • Edward J. Valente and
  • Hans-Jörg Schanz

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 1960–1972, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.212

Graphical Abstract
  • capacity make organic transformations using hydrophilic catalyst in aqueous media very attractive [14][15][16][17][18]. These benefits, coupled with potential applications in biological media [19], have led to the development of various water-soluble catalyst designs [20][21]. Such catalysts contain
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Published 21 Oct 2015

Preparative semiconductor photoredox catalysis: An emerging theme in organic synthesis

  • David W. Manley and
  • John C. Walton

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 1570–1582, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.173

Graphical Abstract
  • discoveries of SCPC mediated bond forming processes Several investigations during the 80s and early 90s demonstrated that bond forming organic transformations could be accomplished using SCPC [30][31][32][33][34], but these were mainly spectroscopic and/or mechanistic studies on the formation of well-known
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Published 09 Sep 2015

Synthesis of γ-hydroxypropyl P-chirogenic (±)-phosphorus oxide derivatives by regioselective ring-opening of oxaphospholane 2-oxide precursors

  • Iris Binyamin,
  • Shoval Meidan-Shani and
  • Nissan Ashkenazi

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 1332–1339, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.143

Graphical Abstract
  • ; oxaphospholanes; phosphinates; phosphine oxides; Introduction Organophosphorus compounds containing phosphorus to carbon bond(s) are widely used in organic transformations. Textbook examples are the Wittig and the Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons reactions. Moreover, the vast majority of ligands used in organometallic
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Published 30 Jul 2015

An improved procedure for the preparation of Ru(bpz)3(PF6)2 via a high-yielding synthesis of 2,2’-bipyrazine

  • Danielle M. Schultz,
  • James W. Sawicki and
  • Tehshik P. Yoon

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 61–65, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.9

Graphical Abstract
  • )32+) [10] has emerged as one of the most useful transition metal photocatalysts for oxidatively induced organic transformations (Figure 1). Due to the electron-deficient nature of its bipyrazyl ligands, the excited state redox potential of 2 is quite positive (+1.45 V vs SCE) [11]. Consequently, it
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Published 14 Jan 2015

Design and synthesis of multivalent neoglycoconjugates by click conjugations

  • Feiqing Ding,
  • Li Ji,
  • Ronny William,
  • Hua Chai and
  • Xue-Wei Liu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 1325–1332, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.134

Graphical Abstract
  • irradiation, which is best known to accelerate transition metal-catalyzed homogeneous reactions [54]. Microwave-assisted organic reactions are rapidly becoming recognized as a valuable tool for facilitating a wide variety of organic transformations [55][56]. Finally, we found that the rate of conversion
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Published 10 Jun 2014

Synthesis of chiral N-phosphoryl aziridines through enantioselective aziridination of alkenes with phosphoryl azide via Co(II)-based metalloradical catalysis

  • Jingran Tao,
  • Li-Mei Jin and
  • X. Peter Zhang

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 1282–1289, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.129

Graphical Abstract
  • resultant enantioenriched N-phosphorylaziridines may find potential applications in stereoselective synthesis of both nitrogen- and phosphorous-containing compounds. Efforts are underway to employ phosphoryl azides as effective nitrene sources for other types of organic transformations via Co(II)-based
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Published 04 Jun 2014

Allenylphosphine oxides as simple scaffolds for phosphinoylindoles and phosphinoylisocoumarins

  • G. Gangadhararao,
  • Ramesh Kotikalapudi,
  • M. Nagarjuna Reddy and
  • K. C. Kumara Swamy

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 996–1005, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.99

Graphical Abstract
  • , over the last decade, allenes have attained a prominent position in organic transformations like cycloaddition, cycloisomerization, base or metal-catalyzed reactions [5][6][7]. In particular, cyclization reaction of allenes has emerged as a valuable tool in developing different methods leading to
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Published 02 May 2014

Polyglycerol-functionalized nanodiamond as a platform for gene delivery: Derivatization, characterization, and hybridization with DNA

  • Li Zhao,
  • Yuki Nakae,
  • Hongmei Qin,
  • Tadamasa Ito,
  • Takahide Kimura,
  • Hideto Kojima,
  • Lawrence Chan and
  • Naoki Komatsu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 707–713, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.64

Graphical Abstract
  • vector consisting of nanodiamond, polyglycerol, and basic polypeptide (ND-PG-BPP) has been designed, synthesized, and characterized. The ND-PG-BPP was synthesized by PG functionalization of ND through ring-opening polymerization of glycidol on the ND surface, multistep organic transformations (–OH → –OTs
  • multistep organic transformations including click chemistry. The PG layer on ND gave good aqueous dispersibility, enabling derivatization and characterization in the solution phase. The ND-PG-Arg8 and ND-PG-Lys8 possessing relatively high positive zeta potential immobilized the pDNA, demonstrating their
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Published 24 Mar 2014

Efficient synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones via a three-component Biginelli-type reaction of urea, alkylaldehyde and arylaldehyde

  • Haijun Qu,
  • Xuejian Li,
  • Fan Mo and
  • Xufeng Lin

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 2846–2851, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.320

Graphical Abstract
  • as an inexpensive, low-toxic catalyst with moderate Lewis acidity and water-tolerance in organic chemistry [16]. Previously, we have developed some molecular iodine-catalyzed organic transformations [17][18][19][20][21], herein we describe the first molecular iodine-catalyzed one-pot three-component
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Published 11 Dec 2013

Synthesis of axially chiral gold complexes and their applications in asymmetric catalyses

  • Yin-wei Sun,
  • Qin Xu and
  • Min Shi

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 2224–2232, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.261

Graphical Abstract
  • decades [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. In the past few years, reports on gold-catalyzed organic transformations have increased substantially [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Homogeneous gold catalysis has proven to be a powerful tool in organic synthesis
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Published 28 Oct 2013

Gold-catalyzed glycosidation for the synthesis of trisaccharides by applying the armed–disarmed strategy

  • Abhijeet K. Kayastha and
  • Srinivas Hotha

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 2147–2155, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.252

Graphical Abstract
  • are a key step [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Over the last two decades, chemistry with gold complexes has gained immense significance and thus been investigated for a variety of organic transformations in homogeneous and heterogeneous reaction media [8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. The use of gold catalysts in
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Published 18 Oct 2013

Raman spectroscopy as a tool for monitoring mesoscale continuous-flow organic synthesis: Equipment interface and assessment in four medicinally-relevant reactions

  • Trevor A. Hamlin and
  • Nicholas E. Leadbeater

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 1843–1852, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.215

Graphical Abstract
  • reaction [38] sparked our interest in interfacing our Raman spectrometer with one of our continuous-flow units and employing it for inline reaction monitoring of a number of key medicinally-relevant organic transformations. Our results are presented here. Results and Discussion Interfacing the spectrometer
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Published 11 Sep 2013

Synthesis and structure of trans-bis(1,4-dimesityl-3-methyl-1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidene)palladium(II) dichloride and diacetate. Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of polybromoarenes with high catalytic turnover efficiencies

  • Jeelani Basha Shaik,
  • Venkatachalam Ramkumar,
  • Babu Varghese and
  • Sethuraman Sankararaman

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 698–704, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.79

Graphical Abstract
  • -metal and lanthanide metal chemistry [1][10][11]. Over the past few years they have gradually replaced the conventional phosphane ligands. The transition-metal complexes of these versatile ligands have been shown to be excellent catalysts for various organic transformations [9][10][11][12][13][14
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Published 10 Apr 2013

Polar reactions of acyclic conjugated bisallenes

  • Reiner Stamm and
  • Henning Hopf

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 36–48, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.5

Graphical Abstract
  • and epoxides, hydrohalogenation (HCl, HBr addition), halogenation (Br2 and I2 addition), and [2 + 2] cycloaddition with chlorosulfonyl isocyanate. The resulting adducts were fully characterized by spectroscopic and analytical methods; they constitute interesting substrates for further organic
  • transformations. Keywords: β-lactams; conjugated bisallenes; cyclopentenones; epoxidation; halogen addition; hydrohalogenation; ionic additions; metalation; Introduction Whereas the use of hexa-1,2,4,5-tetraene (1) and its derivatives in pericyclic reactions is well documented [2][3][4][5][6], relatively little
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Published 08 Jan 2013
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