Discovery of ianthelliformisamines D–G from the sponge Suberea ianthelliformis and the total synthesis of ianthelliformisamine D

• Sasha Hayes,
• Yaoying Lu,
• Bernd H. A. Rehm and
• Rohan A. Davis

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 3205–3214, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.266

• ETD ESI-qTOF. Alltech Davisil (30–40 µm, 60 Å) C8-bonded silica and Alltech Davisil (30–40 µm, 60 Å) diol-bonded silica were used for pre-adsorption work before RP- or NP-HPLC, respectively. The pre-adsorbed material was subsequently packed into an Alltech stainless steel guard cartridge (10 × 30 mm

Computational design for enantioselective CO₂ capture: asymmetric frustrated Lewis pairs in epoxide transformations

• Maxime Ferrer,
• Iñigo Iribarren,
• Tim Renningholtz,
• Ibon Alkorta and
• Cristina Trujillo

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 2668–2681, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.224

• performance, for example, the reaction rate, is displayed as a function of the catalyst–substrate interaction, for example, the adsorption energy when considering a heterogeneous catalyst (Figure 1A). The resulting plot exhibits a volcano-like shape consisting of at least two slopes with the best-performing

Transition-metal-free synthesis of arylboronates via thermal generation of aryl radicals from triarylbismuthines in air

• Yuki Yamamoto,
• Yuki Konakazawa,
• Kohsuke Fujiwara and
• Akiya Ogawa

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 2577–2584, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.216

• somewhat difficult due to strong adsorption or decomposition on silica gel. Since some arylboronates are somewhat unstable, it is desirable to synthesize such compounds and then use them in a one-pot manner for the following reactions without isolation. To gain insight into the reaction pathways, several

Factors influencing the performance of organocatalysts immobilised on solid supports: A review

• Zsuzsanna Fehér,
• Dóra Richter,
• Gyula Dargó and
• József Kupai

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 2129–2142, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.183

• the support [8][67]. Adsorption is a non-covalent reversible technique for attaching organocatalysts to supports. It offers a facile and modular construction of immobilised chiral catalysts with maintained or even improved activity and stereoselectivity [68][69][70]. The main advantages of catalyst

• immobilisation by adsorption are that minimal modifications of the parent catalysts are required, few reagents are needed, and it is a relatively cheap and easily implemented method [69][71]. Therefore, adsorption is a popular method for immobilising catalysts. However, this method has a major drawback as the

• ] reactions. POFs [102] are hydrocarbon systems that contain pores, of which COFs are a subgroup. POFs are widely applied in the fields of gas adsorption and storage, the separation of gases, catalysis, energy storage, photocatalysis, etc., and have many different types, such as hyper-cross-linked polymers

Discovery of antimicrobial peptides clostrisin and cellulosin from Clostridium: insights into their structures, co-localized biosynthetic gene clusters, and antibiotic activity

• Moisés Alejandro Alejo Hernandez,
• Katia Pamela Villavicencio Sánchez,
• Rosendo Sánchez Morales,
• Karla Georgina Hernández-Magro Gil,
• David Silverio Moreno-Gutiérrez,
• Eddie Guillermo Sanchez-Rueda,
• Yanet Teresa-Cruz,
• Brian Choi,
• Armando Hernández Garcia,
• Alba Romero-Rodríguez,
• Oscar Juárez,
• Siseth Martínez-Caballero,
• Mario Figueroa and
• Corina-Diana Ceapă

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 1800–1816, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.159

• 0.1% w/v poly-ʟ-lysin solution in water (Sigma-Aldrich) and immediately deposited onto freshly cleaved mica to be incubated for 10 min at room temperature to allow adsorption. The surface was then rinsed using 600 µL of ultrapure 0.2 µm filtered water and slowly dried using compressed air. Imaging was

Light on the sustainable preparation of aryl-cored dibromides

• Fabrizio Roncaglia,
• Alberto Ughetti,
• Nicola Porcelli,
• Biagio Anderlini,
• Andrea Severini and
• Luca Rigamonti

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 1076–1087, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.95

• negligible adsorption of Br2 at wavelengths shorter than 380 nm [52]. We finally evaluated a variation in the H2O2/HBr molar ratio to determine the optimal amount of H2O2, typically used in a twofold molar ratio relative to HBr [49]. These experiments raised on the observation of gas evolution (presumably O2

Spin and charge interactions between nanographene host and ferrocene

• Akira Suzuki,
• Yuya Miyake,
• Ryoga Shibata and
• Kazuyuki Takai

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 1011–1019, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.89

• of ACFs. Nanopores between nanographene domains provide huge spaces for the adsorption of guest molecules inside ACFs [2][6], where only a part of introduced molecules directly face the nanographene with the interfacial host–guest interactions, and the rest is accommodated into the nanopores without

• FeCp2-ACFs-150 than FeCp2-ACFs-55 suggests that more guest molecules are introduced in FeCp2-ACFs-150. This is quite reasonable, taking the much higher vapor pressure of FeCp2 (5.7 × 103 Pa) into account in the process of guest molecular adsorption into ACFs for FeCp2-ACFs-150 than FeCp2-ACFs-55 (15 Pa

• saturated nature. These behaviors suggest that spins have an inhomogeneous environment for spin relaxation. In FeCp2-ACFs-55, the adsorption site of FeCp2 is not unique, and each FeCp2 interacts with edge-state spins at the edges and π-electron carriers on nanographene sheets in different manners in ACFs as

Research progress on the pharmacological activity, biosynthetic pathways, and biosynthesis of crocins

• Zhongwei Hua,
• Nan Liu and
• Xiaohui Yan

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 741–752, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.68

• and environmentally friendly adsorbents for the selective adsorption of crocins from an aqueous solution of saffron pollen [25]. Pharmacological activity of crocins Various pharmacological studies have shown that crocins are effective against diseases of the central nervous system (neurodegenerative

Possible bi-stable structures of pyrenebutanoic acid-linked protein molecules adsorbed on graphene: theoretical study

• Yasuhiro Oishi,
• Motoharu Kitatani and
• Koichi Kusakabe

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 570–577, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.49

• graphene. We discuss the expected protein sensors when this type of energy surface appears and provide a guideline for improving the sensitivity, especially as an oscillator-type biosensor. Keywords: biosensor; DFT; PASE; protein; surface adsorption; Introduction Consideration of the atomic-scale motion

• to carbon materials [2][3]. The properties and characteristics of these linker molecules are keys not only to the purpose of protein immobilization, but also to the behavior of the entire biosensor system. In oscillator-based biosensors, further adsorption on the sensor, such as viruses using antigen

• reported. The adsorption of PASE has been considered to mainly come from the pyrene fragment, which forms π–π stacking on these graphitic carbon materials [6][7][8]. The sensitivity of the oscillator-based sensor depends on the structure of the linker molecule. Therefore, understanding the adsorption

Mechanisms for radical reactions initiating from N-hydroxyphthalimide esters

• Carlos R. Azpilcueta-Nicolas and
• Jean-Philip Lumb

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 346–378, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.35

• adsorption (Scheme 35B). Baran and co-workers have demonstrated that these overall milder reaction conditions greatly improved the functional group compatibility of decarboxylative couplings under reducing conditions. For example, the cross-coupling between NHPI esters and both electron-poor and electron

Perspectives on push–pull chromophores derived from click-type [2 + 2] cycloaddition–retroelectrocyclization reactions of electron-rich alkynes and electron-deficient alkenes

• Michio Yamada

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 125–154, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.13

Host–guest interaction and properties of cucurbit[8]uril with chloramphenicol

• Lin Zhang,
• Jun Zheng,
• Guangyan Luo,
• Xiaoyue Li,
• Yunqian Zhang,
• Zhu Tao and
• Qianjun Zhang

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2832–2839, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.194

• structure stacking diagram of the CPE@Q[8] host–guest complex along the c-axis. It can be clearly seen that small hexagonal holes are formed between the complexes, which are expected to have potential applications in molecular adsorption and drug delivery. UV–visible spectroscopy The interaction between Q[8

Cryogels: recent applications in 3D-bioprinting, injectable cryogels, drug delivery, and wound healing

• Luke O. Jones,
• Leah Williams,
• Tasmin Boam,
• Martin Kalmet,
• Chidubem Oguike and
• Fiona L. Hatton

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2553–2569, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.171

• , degradation, and protein adsorption properties, demonstrating potential as a haemostatic dressing. The healing of wounds to skin tissue takes place over a much shorter time scale than the regeneration of bone tissue in fractures and breaks [118][119]. It has been reported that the majority of skin tissue

Post-functionalization of drug-loaded nanoparticles prepared by polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) with mitochondria targeting ligands

• Janina-Miriam Noy,
• Fan Chen and
• Martina Stenzel

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2302–2314, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.148

• outcomes, illustrating the complexity in understanding and designing efficient drug-delivery systems in biological environments. It needs to be considered that TPP, despite its positive charge, still carries large phenyl groups that render the surface hydrophobic. While this can affect protein adsorption

An initiator- and catalyst-free hydrogel coating process for 3D printed medical-grade poly(ε-caprolactone)

• Jochen Löblein,
• Thomas Lorson,
• Miriam Komma,
• Tobias Kielholz,
• Maike Windbergs,
• Paul D. Dalton and
• Robert Luxenhofer

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2095–2101, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.136

• mechanical properties, cytocompatibility, biodegradability, and good printing properties [8][14][15], it is a hydrophobic polymer and immersion into fluids can result in air bubble capture within the scaffold structure, biofouling and non-specific cell interactions [16]. Protein adsorption and denaturation

Progress and challenges in the synthesis of sequence controlled polysaccharides

• Giulio Fittolani,
• Theodore Tyrikos-Ergas,
• Denisa Vargová,
• Manishkumar A. Chaube and
• Martina Delbianco

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1981–2025, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.129

• individual chains. The arabinose pattern also played a role in the interaction with cellulose, with the crystalline compound 62c that did not adsorb to cellulose, in contrast to 62b, which adsorbed irreversibly. The high adsorption of 62b was associated with its twofold helical screw conformation, only

Photoinduced post-modification of graphitic carbon nitride-embedded hydrogels: synthesis of 'hydrophobic hydrogels' and pore substructuring

• Cansu Esen and
• Baris Kumru

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1323–1334, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.92

• on the adsorption and/or photodegradation of dyes. In general, these performances are reported on bulk g-CN materials, such as the on a self-standing ultra-long porous g-CN wires exhibiting outstanding RhB adsorption values by minimized solvent uptakes [46]. In our case, we focus on the RhB releasing

• to periodically collected RhB dye concentrations summed up and compared with adsorption concentrations for each sample (stock RhB concentration: 40 ppm), HG released 88% of adsorpt RhB dye in 6 days, HGCM 89% in 3 days, and HGCM-vTA 77% in 9 days (Figure 3d). In addition to RhB dye, albumin

• physical adsorption/releasing performance being under the control of intermolecular interactions. Hydrophobization might enhance the hydrophobic interactions between the dye core and the polymer network, thus releasing can be achieved in a longer term. As a last simulative experiment, cation (K+, Ca2+, Mg2

A comprehensive review of flow chemistry techniques tailored to the flavours and fragrances industries

• Guido Gambacorta,
• James S. Sharley and
• Ian R. Baxendale

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1181–1312, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.90

[2 + 1] Cycloaddition reactions of fullerene C₆₀ based on diazo compounds

• Yuliya N. Biglova

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 630–670, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.55

• alternatives that favorably differ in cost. However, the efficiency is similar to the functional analogs of catalytic additives based on noble metals [52]. The presence of metal–fullerene chemical bonding results in catalysts that reliably provide high process selectivity due to the simultaneous adsorption of

A new and efficient methodology for olefin epoxidation catalyzed by supported cobalt nanoparticles

• Lucía Rossi-Fernández,
• Viviana Dorn and
• Gabriel Radivoy

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 519–526, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.46

• of the observed loss in selectivity is difficult to ascertain at this stage, but we think that it could be related to the strong adsorption of some of the reaction products on the catalyst surface. In fact, FTIR analysis of the spent catalyst, after washing it three times with the reaction solvent

Synthesis and physicochemical evaluation of fluorinated lipopeptide precursors of ligands for microbubble targeting

• Masayori Hagimori,
• Estefanía E. Mendoza-Ortega and
• Marie Pierre Krafft

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 511–518, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.45

• . By contrast, the hydrocarbon lipopeptide led to microbubbles with a larger mean diameter and a significantly lower stability. Keywords: adsorption at fluid interfaces; drug delivery; microbubble targeting; molecular imaging; monolayer; perfluoroalkylated lipopeptide; solid-phase peptide synthesis

• analysis, the products 1–4 had high purity (>99%) (Supporting Information File 1, Figures S1–S12). Behavior of lipid-peptide conjugates at the air/water interface Spontaneous adsorption of lipid–peptide conjugates at the air/water interface. In order to investigate the capacity for F-lipopeptides 1–3 to

• spontaneously self-assemble into ordered monolayers at the air/water interface, we injected a solution of each peptide–lipid conjugate in DMSO into the aqueous sub-phase of an adsorption trough. The variation of the surface pressure π was measured over time at 25 °C (Figure 1). In all cases, π increased

Activation of pentafluoropropane isomers at a nanoscopic aluminum chlorofluoride: hydrodefluorination versus dehydrofluorination

• Maëva-Charlotte Kervarec,
• Thomas Braun,
• Mike Ahrens and
• Erhard Kemnitz

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 2623–2635, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.213

• CF3CFDCH2C6D5 (12) (Scheme 2, bottom), with only 22% conversion. The low conversion in C6D6 could be a consequence of a possible interaction of the aromatic solvent with the surface of ACF, which would result in the blocking of the acidic sites, and thus hamper the adsorption of the substrates. Indeed, in a

Particle size effect in the mechanically assisted synthesis of β-cyclodextrin mesitylene sulfonate

• Stéphane Menuel,
• Sébastien Saitzek,
• Eric Monflier and
• Frédéric Hapiot

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 2598–2606, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.211

• the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface adsorption method. The obtained values were in good agreement with those obtained from the exploitation of the SEM images (Table 1). The specific surface area (SSA) of the β-CD samples ground over various periods of time was also extracted from the BET analysis

• the measurement of ca. 225 particles found in an arbitrarily chosen area of the images using the ImageJ software (version 1.4.3.67) [32]. After calibrating from the scale of the SEM images, the software provides the Feret diameter. BET (adsorption of N2) Dinitrogen sorption isotherms were collected at

• −196 °C using an adsorption analyzer Micromeritics Tristar II 3020. Prior to analysis, 80 mg samples were degassed at 100 °C overnight under vacuum. The specific area was computed using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) equation over a range of relative pressure (P/P0) from 0.001 to 1, while the pore

Photosensitized direct C–H fluorination and trifluoromethylation in organic synthesis

• Shahboz Yakubov and
• Joshua P. Barham

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 2151–2192, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.183

• , metabolic stability, adsorption and excretion properties of the compound [16][17]. For example, the pharmacokinetics of drugs are mostly regulated by the balance of the lipophilicity, hydrophilicity and ionization state. Since C–H/C–F substitution in a drug molecule enhances the lipophilicity [18], this has

Synergy between supported ionic liquid-like phases and immobilized palladium N-heterocyclic carbene–phosphine complexes for the Negishi reaction under flow conditions

• Edgar Peris,
• Raúl Porcar,
• María Macia,
• Jesús Alcázar,
• Eduardo García-Verdugo and
• Santiago V. Luis

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1924–1935, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.159

• fivefold larger fixed bed reactor (2.9 mL vs 0.5 mL) was used, leading to a larger residence time (29 min vs 2.5 min). An increase in the residence time may favor the re-adsorption of the active species into the support limiting, at some extent, the Pd leaching. The results obtained under these conditions