Insoluble methylene-bridged glycoluril dimers as sequestrants for dyes

• Suvenika Perera,
• Peter Y. Zavalij and
• Lyle Isaacs

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2025, 21, 2302–2314, doi:10.3762/bjoc.21.176

• is, therefore, urgently needed. Numerous techniques have been explored and used for the removal of dyes from water including coagulation, flocculation, adsorption, oxidation, electrolysis, biodegradation, and photocatalytic approaches [4][5]. Among these approaches, adsorption is most commonly used

• into the solid state sequestration of methylene blue by H2 and methylene violet by G2W1 (vide infra). We found no evidence that the increased π-surface area of the host significantly improves the adsorption behavior across the G4W4–G4W2 series. Host G2W1 – which contains a total of 12 methoxy

• substituents – performs significantly better than G2W2 and displays very good removal efficiency for methylene violet. Previous researchers have shown that dye adsorption is promoted by hydroxy, carbonyl, methoxy, and aldehyde substituents which provides an explanation for the better performance of G2W1

C2 to C6 biobased carbonyl platforms for fine chemistry

• Jingjing Jiang,
• Muhammad Noman Haider Tariq,
• Florence Popowycz,
• Yanlong Gu and
• Yves Queneau

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2025, 21, 2103–2172, doi:10.3762/bjoc.21.165

• flow reactor. The moderate acidity and the hierarchical tube-type porous nature of SBA-15, as well as the adsorption energy on the surface of 10Cu–5Ni/SBA-15 catalyst, are the key parameters for giving 2-pentanone with high selectivity (78%) (Scheme 52) [180]. Wang developed a new route for the

Highly distinguishable isomeric states of a tripodal arylazopyrazole derivative on graphite through electron/hole-induced switching at ambient conditions

• Himani Malik,
• Sudha Devi,
• Debapriya Gupta,
• Ankit Kumar Gaur,
• Sugumar Venkataramani and
• Thiruvancheril G. Gopakumar

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2025, 21, 1496–1507, doi:10.3762/bjoc.21.112

• voltage, which is ≈1.1 V. This suggests that while switching, the molecules may not be in their neutral state. Since the graphite–molecule interaction is weak and van der Waals-type, we use the gas-phase calculations and no major change in the electronic structure is expected for molecules upon adsorption

Microwave-enhanced additive-free C–H amination of benzoxazoles catalysed by supported copper

• Andrei Paraschiv,
• Valentina Maruzzo,
• Filippo Pettazzi,
• Stefano Magliocco,
• Paolo Inaudi,
• Daria Brambilla,
• Gloria Berlier,
• Giancarlo Cravotto and
• Katia Martina

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2025, 21, 1462–1476, doi:10.3762/bjoc.21.108

• adsorption of an imino derivative, and, more specifically, νC=N (1660 with shoulder around 1700 cm−1) and δN–H (1590 cm−1, overlapping with the δNH2 of the aminopropyl groups) in –C=N–H (Figure 5). According to the literature, copper species may contribute to the partial oxidation of amino groups to imino

Selective monoformylation of naphthalene-fused propellanes for methylene-alternating copolymers

• Kenichi Kato,
• Tatsuki Hiroi,
• Seina Okada,
• Shunsuke Ohtani and
• Tomoki Ogoshi

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2025, 21, 1183–1191, doi:10.3762/bjoc.21.95

• followed by acid-mediated condensation. The linear copolymers show good solubility and carbon dioxide adsorption. Keywords: alternating copolymer; building block; formylation; gas adsorption; propellane; Introduction Combination of sp2- and sp3-hybridized atoms in core π-skeletons [1][2][3] is a key to

• display good solubility in CHCl3 and THF and adsorption properties for CO2 gas. Results and Discussion Selective monoformylation Initially, we tried introducing formyl groups into a fully π-fused [4.3.3]propellane via organometal species, which had been effective for functional π-extended systems [57][58

• transition and decomposition. Then, gas adsorption properties [46][69][70][71][72] were evaluated after the samples were activated in vacuo at 120 °C (Figure 3 and Figures S801 and S802 in Supporting Information File 1). Their chemical structures did not necessarily contain branched or ladder-type

Investigations of amination reactions on an antimalarial 1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazine scaffold

• Henry S. T. Smith,
• Ben Giuliani,
• Kanchana Wijesekera,
• Kah Yean Lum,
• Sandra Duffy,
• Aaron Lock,
• Jonathan M. White,
• Vicky M. Avery and
• Rohan A. Davis

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2025, 21, 1126–1134, doi:10.3762/bjoc.21.90

• pre-adsorption work before reversed-phase HPLC separations. Pre-adsorbed material was packed into an Alltech stainless steel guard cartridge (10 × 30 mm) then attached to an HPLC column prior to fractionation. Thermo Electron Betasil™ C18-bonded silica (5 μm, 100 Å, 150 × 21.2 mm) columns were used

On the photoluminescence in triarylmethyl-centered mono-, di-, and multiradicals

• Daniel Straub,
• Markus Gross,
• Mona E. Arnold,
• Julia Zolg and
• Alexander J. C. Kuehne

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2025, 21, 964–998, doi:10.3762/bjoc.21.80

Discovery of ianthelliformisamines D–G from the sponge Suberea ianthelliformis and the total synthesis of ianthelliformisamine D

• Sasha Hayes,
• Yaoying Lu,
• Bernd H. A. Rehm and
• Rohan A. Davis

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 3205–3214, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.266

• ETD ESI-qTOF. Alltech Davisil (30–40 µm, 60 Å) C8-bonded silica and Alltech Davisil (30–40 µm, 60 Å) diol-bonded silica were used for pre-adsorption work before RP- or NP-HPLC, respectively. The pre-adsorbed material was subsequently packed into an Alltech stainless steel guard cartridge (10 × 30 mm

Computational design for enantioselective CO₂ capture: asymmetric frustrated Lewis pairs in epoxide transformations

• Maxime Ferrer,
• Iñigo Iribarren,
• Tim Renningholtz,
• Ibon Alkorta and
• Cristina Trujillo

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 2668–2681, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.224

• performance, for example, the reaction rate, is displayed as a function of the catalyst–substrate interaction, for example, the adsorption energy when considering a heterogeneous catalyst (Figure 1A). The resulting plot exhibits a volcano-like shape consisting of at least two slopes with the best-performing

Transition-metal-free synthesis of arylboronates via thermal generation of aryl radicals from triarylbismuthines in air

• Yuki Yamamoto,
• Yuki Konakazawa,
• Kohsuke Fujiwara and
• Akiya Ogawa

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 2577–2584, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.216

• somewhat difficult due to strong adsorption or decomposition on silica gel. Since some arylboronates are somewhat unstable, it is desirable to synthesize such compounds and then use them in a one-pot manner for the following reactions without isolation. To gain insight into the reaction pathways, several

Factors influencing the performance of organocatalysts immobilised on solid supports: A review

• Zsuzsanna Fehér,
• Dóra Richter,
• Gyula Dargó and
• József Kupai

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 2129–2142, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.183

• the support [8][67]. Adsorption is a non-covalent reversible technique for attaching organocatalysts to supports. It offers a facile and modular construction of immobilised chiral catalysts with maintained or even improved activity and stereoselectivity [68][69][70]. The main advantages of catalyst

• immobilisation by adsorption are that minimal modifications of the parent catalysts are required, few reagents are needed, and it is a relatively cheap and easily implemented method [69][71]. Therefore, adsorption is a popular method for immobilising catalysts. However, this method has a major drawback as the

• ] reactions. POFs [102] are hydrocarbon systems that contain pores, of which COFs are a subgroup. POFs are widely applied in the fields of gas adsorption and storage, the separation of gases, catalysis, energy storage, photocatalysis, etc., and have many different types, such as hyper-cross-linked polymers

Discovery of antimicrobial peptides clostrisin and cellulosin from Clostridium: insights into their structures, co-localized biosynthetic gene clusters, and antibiotic activity

• Moisés Alejandro Alejo Hernandez,
• Katia Pamela Villavicencio Sánchez,
• Rosendo Sánchez Morales,
• Karla Georgina Hernández-Magro Gil,
• David Silverio Moreno-Gutiérrez,
• Eddie Guillermo Sanchez-Rueda,
• Yanet Teresa-Cruz,
• Brian Choi,
• Armando Hernández Garcia,
• Alba Romero-Rodríguez,
• Oscar Juárez,
• Siseth Martínez-Caballero,
• Mario Figueroa and
• Corina-Diana Ceapă

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 1800–1816, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.159

• 0.1% w/v poly-ʟ-lysin solution in water (Sigma-Aldrich) and immediately deposited onto freshly cleaved mica to be incubated for 10 min at room temperature to allow adsorption. The surface was then rinsed using 600 µL of ultrapure 0.2 µm filtered water and slowly dried using compressed air. Imaging was

Light on the sustainable preparation of aryl-cored dibromides

• Fabrizio Roncaglia,
• Alberto Ughetti,
• Nicola Porcelli,
• Biagio Anderlini,
• Andrea Severini and
• Luca Rigamonti

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 1076–1087, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.95

• negligible adsorption of Br2 at wavelengths shorter than 380 nm [52]. We finally evaluated a variation in the H2O2/HBr molar ratio to determine the optimal amount of H2O2, typically used in a twofold molar ratio relative to HBr [49]. These experiments raised on the observation of gas evolution (presumably O2

Spin and charge interactions between nanographene host and ferrocene

• Akira Suzuki,
• Yuya Miyake,
• Ryoga Shibata and
• Kazuyuki Takai

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 1011–1019, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.89

• of ACFs. Nanopores between nanographene domains provide huge spaces for the adsorption of guest molecules inside ACFs [2][6], where only a part of introduced molecules directly face the nanographene with the interfacial host–guest interactions, and the rest is accommodated into the nanopores without

• FeCp2-ACFs-150 than FeCp2-ACFs-55 suggests that more guest molecules are introduced in FeCp2-ACFs-150. This is quite reasonable, taking the much higher vapor pressure of FeCp2 (5.7 × 103 Pa) into account in the process of guest molecular adsorption into ACFs for FeCp2-ACFs-150 than FeCp2-ACFs-55 (15 Pa

• saturated nature. These behaviors suggest that spins have an inhomogeneous environment for spin relaxation. In FeCp2-ACFs-55, the adsorption site of FeCp2 is not unique, and each FeCp2 interacts with edge-state spins at the edges and π-electron carriers on nanographene sheets in different manners in ACFs as

Research progress on the pharmacological activity, biosynthetic pathways, and biosynthesis of crocins

• Zhongwei Hua,
• Nan Liu and
• Xiaohui Yan

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 741–752, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.68

• and environmentally friendly adsorbents for the selective adsorption of crocins from an aqueous solution of saffron pollen [25]. Pharmacological activity of crocins Various pharmacological studies have shown that crocins are effective against diseases of the central nervous system (neurodegenerative

Possible bi-stable structures of pyrenebutanoic acid-linked protein molecules adsorbed on graphene: theoretical study

• Yasuhiro Oishi,
• Motoharu Kitatani and
• Koichi Kusakabe

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 570–577, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.49

• graphene. We discuss the expected protein sensors when this type of energy surface appears and provide a guideline for improving the sensitivity, especially as an oscillator-type biosensor. Keywords: biosensor; DFT; PASE; protein; surface adsorption; Introduction Consideration of the atomic-scale motion

• to carbon materials [2][3]. The properties and characteristics of these linker molecules are keys not only to the purpose of protein immobilization, but also to the behavior of the entire biosensor system. In oscillator-based biosensors, further adsorption on the sensor, such as viruses using antigen

• reported. The adsorption of PASE has been considered to mainly come from the pyrene fragment, which forms π–π stacking on these graphitic carbon materials [6][7][8]. The sensitivity of the oscillator-based sensor depends on the structure of the linker molecule. Therefore, understanding the adsorption

Mechanisms for radical reactions initiating from N-hydroxyphthalimide esters

• Carlos R. Azpilcueta-Nicolas and
• Jean-Philip Lumb

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 346–378, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.35

• adsorption (Scheme 35B). Baran and co-workers have demonstrated that these overall milder reaction conditions greatly improved the functional group compatibility of decarboxylative couplings under reducing conditions. For example, the cross-coupling between NHPI esters and both electron-poor and electron

Perspectives on push–pull chromophores derived from click-type [2 + 2] cycloaddition–retroelectrocyclization reactions of electron-rich alkynes and electron-deficient alkenes

• Michio Yamada

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 125–154, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.13

Host–guest interaction and properties of cucurbit[8]uril with chloramphenicol

• Lin Zhang,
• Jun Zheng,
• Guangyan Luo,
• Xiaoyue Li,
• Yunqian Zhang,
• Zhu Tao and
• Qianjun Zhang

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2832–2839, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.194

• structure stacking diagram of the CPE@Q[8] host–guest complex along the c-axis. It can be clearly seen that small hexagonal holes are formed between the complexes, which are expected to have potential applications in molecular adsorption and drug delivery. UV–visible spectroscopy The interaction between Q[8

Cryogels: recent applications in 3D-bioprinting, injectable cryogels, drug delivery, and wound healing

• Luke O. Jones,
• Leah Williams,
• Tasmin Boam,
• Martin Kalmet,
• Chidubem Oguike and
• Fiona L. Hatton

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2553–2569, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.171

• , degradation, and protein adsorption properties, demonstrating potential as a haemostatic dressing. The healing of wounds to skin tissue takes place over a much shorter time scale than the regeneration of bone tissue in fractures and breaks [118][119]. It has been reported that the majority of skin tissue

Post-functionalization of drug-loaded nanoparticles prepared by polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) with mitochondria targeting ligands

• Janina-Miriam Noy,
• Fan Chen and
• Martina Stenzel

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2302–2314, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.148

• outcomes, illustrating the complexity in understanding and designing efficient drug-delivery systems in biological environments. It needs to be considered that TPP, despite its positive charge, still carries large phenyl groups that render the surface hydrophobic. While this can affect protein adsorption

An initiator- and catalyst-free hydrogel coating process for 3D printed medical-grade poly(ε-caprolactone)

• Jochen Löblein,
• Thomas Lorson,
• Miriam Komma,
• Tobias Kielholz,
• Maike Windbergs,
• Paul D. Dalton and
• Robert Luxenhofer

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2095–2101, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.136

• mechanical properties, cytocompatibility, biodegradability, and good printing properties [8][14][15], it is a hydrophobic polymer and immersion into fluids can result in air bubble capture within the scaffold structure, biofouling and non-specific cell interactions [16]. Protein adsorption and denaturation

Progress and challenges in the synthesis of sequence controlled polysaccharides

• Giulio Fittolani,
• Theodore Tyrikos-Ergas,
• Denisa Vargová,
• Manishkumar A. Chaube and
• Martina Delbianco

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1981–2025, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.129

• individual chains. The arabinose pattern also played a role in the interaction with cellulose, with the crystalline compound 62c that did not adsorb to cellulose, in contrast to 62b, which adsorbed irreversibly. The high adsorption of 62b was associated with its twofold helical screw conformation, only

Photoinduced post-modification of graphitic carbon nitride-embedded hydrogels: synthesis of 'hydrophobic hydrogels' and pore substructuring

• Cansu Esen and
• Baris Kumru

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1323–1334, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.92

• on the adsorption and/or photodegradation of dyes. In general, these performances are reported on bulk g-CN materials, such as the on a self-standing ultra-long porous g-CN wires exhibiting outstanding RhB adsorption values by minimized solvent uptakes [46]. In our case, we focus on the RhB releasing

• to periodically collected RhB dye concentrations summed up and compared with adsorption concentrations for each sample (stock RhB concentration: 40 ppm), HG released 88% of adsorpt RhB dye in 6 days, HGCM 89% in 3 days, and HGCM-vTA 77% in 9 days (Figure 3d). In addition to RhB dye, albumin

• physical adsorption/releasing performance being under the control of intermolecular interactions. Hydrophobization might enhance the hydrophobic interactions between the dye core and the polymer network, thus releasing can be achieved in a longer term. As a last simulative experiment, cation (K+, Ca2+, Mg2

A comprehensive review of flow chemistry techniques tailored to the flavours and fragrances industries

• Guido Gambacorta,
• James S. Sharley and
• Ian R. Baxendale

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1181–1312, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.90