Direct electron beam writing of silver using a β-diketonate precursor: first insights

• Katja Höflich,
• Krzysztof Maćkosz,
• Chinmai S. Jureddy,
• Aleksei Tsarapkin and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1117–1124, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.90

• increased mobility of the metallic clusters leading to Ostwald ripening were assumed to play an important role [9]. In order to achieve practicable vertical growth rates, new precursors are being searched for that allow for lower process temperatures. Here, we employ the compound (hfac)AgPMe3 (cf

• or Hhfac, removing most of the ligand elements. A second important factor here could be the thermal energy input from the elevated stage temperature of 60 °C, which increases the mobility of the formed silver atoms and clusters in the carbonaceous matrix. Finally, collisional momentum transfer from

• , this implies again a strong mobility of silver, which most probably migrates from the pillar volume and enriches as an interfacial layer at the bottom. Finally, a helix with a radius of 500 nm and one turn was deposited by scanning the electron beam in a circular path with a pitch of 10−4 nm and a

Unveiling the potential of alginate-based nanomaterials in sensing technology and smart delivery applications

• Shakhzodjon Uzokboev,
• Khojimukhammad Akhmadbekov,
• Ra’no Nuritdinova,
• Salah M. Tawfik and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1077–1104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.88

• a monolayer of gas coverage. The surface area of nanomaterials can also be determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectroscopy [64][65]. Zeta potential: The zeta potential of nanoparticles can be calculated from the electrophoretic mobility of particles in a particular

Entry of nanoparticles into cells and tissues: status and challenges

• Kirsten Sandvig,
• Tore Geir Iversen and
• Tore Skotland

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1017–1029, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.83

• fact, there are flat caveolin-coated areas at the plasma membrane where caveolin seems to prevent endocytic uptake of cholera toxin and autocrine mobility factor (AMF) [55]. Caveolin clearly has effects not related to caveolae [56], and the same is the case for its partner cavin [57]. Another

Atomistic insights into the morphological dynamics of gold and platinum nanoparticles: MD simulations in vacuum and aqueous media

• Evangelos Voyiatzis,
• Eugenia Valsami-Jones and
• Antreas Afantitis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 995–1009, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.81

• are in a supercooled amorphous, and not liquid, state. The temperature dependence of the Berry parameter, δ, of the Au and Pt NPs is shown in Figure 3a and Figure 3b, respectively. The NP diameters vary from 1 to 8 nm. The Berry parameter quantifies the mobility of the atoms in the NPs by measuring

• first-order transition is identified. The temperature where the transition occurs is approximately 200 K smaller than the melting temperature of bulk crystalline Au, which is close to 1100 K. This difference stems from the higher mobility of the Au atoms in a finite-size cluster placed in vacuum

• compared to the atomic mobility in a dense crystal/amorphous bulk material. For the Au NP with a diameter of 2 nm, a similar steep drop takes place at even lower temperatures of 500 and 600 K. This large shift in the transition temperature indicates that the NP diameter of 2 nm is smaller than a critical

Water-assisted purification during electron beam-induced deposition of platinum and gold

• Cristiano Glessi,
• Fabian A. Polman and
• Cornelis W. Hagen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 884–896, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.73

• , isolated grains are visible. Also, several gaps are present in the lines, where the grains apparently did not connect to each other. A FIB cross section of the line revealed that the gaps extend down to the substrate surface. The gaps and the granularity may arise from the high mobility of Pt, and

• of migrating Pt species and particle coalescence than by the adsorption of precursor molecules. Furthermore, PtCx FEBID deposits exposed to e-beam curing showed an increase of Pt granule size, also indicating Pt mobility [60]. The presence of a multilayer of water on the substrate during deposition

• is a factor that should be considered when comparing the obtained data with other studies of Pt nanoparticle mobility on surfaces. While the lines obtained at circa 0.5 nA approach a closed structure, lines deposited at higher currents show more substantial cracking and lack of continuity. This

A review on the structural characterization of nanomaterials for nano-QSAR models

• Salvador Moncho,
• Eva Serrano-Candelas,
• Jesús Vicente de Julián-Ortiz and
• Rafael Gozalbes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 854–866, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.71

• group the data into categories [60]. Related measures are the isoelectric point, which corresponds to the pH at which a nanoparticle suspension has zero zeta potential [15][17], the surface charge [31][36][63], the conductivity [77], and the electrophoretic mobility [77]. Magnetic properties are also

Reduced subthreshold swing in a vertical tunnel FET using a low-work-function live metal strip and a low-k material at the drain

• Kalai Selvi Kanagarajan and
• Dhanalakshmi Krishnan Sadhasivan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 713–718, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.59

• compared to the VTFET in [12] to demonstrate the effects of the low-work-function live strip and the low-k material. The device parameters used are listed in Table 1. Reference [12] used bandgap narrowing, Shockley–Read–Hall recombination, Lombardi's mobility model, and band-to-band (non-local) modeling

Directed growth of quinacridone chains on the vicinal Ag(35 1 1) surface

• Niklas Humberg,
• Lukas Grönwoldt and
• Moritz Sokolowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 556–568, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.48

• found a hole mobility of 0.1 cm2·V−1·s−1 and a photocurrent of about 1 mA·cm−2. These observations were both attributed to a close packing of the molecules due to strong intermolecular H-bonds. The empirical formula of QA is C20H12N2O2, and a structural formula and a hard-sphere model of QA are

• of orientations A and C (which exhibit equivalent adsorption geometries at the Ag step edges, see Figure 1) adapt more favorable adsorption sites than those in orientations B and D. Hence, the nuclei of orientations A and C are more stable. In addition, it may be possible that the increased mobility

• . This is supported by the fact that an increased mobility of QA molecules (i.e., during deposition at a sample temperature of 400 K instead of 300 K) promotes the formation of chains with orientation E. QA chain growth across Ag step edges As stated above, at 300 K, the QA chains are capable of growing

Electron-induced deposition using Fe(CO)₄MA and Fe(CO)₅ – effect of MA ligand and process conditions

• Hannah Boeckers,
• Atul Chaudhary,
• Petra Martinović,
• Amy V. Walker,
• Lisa McElwee-White and
• Petra Swiderek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 500–516, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.45

• ]. Autocatalytic growth (AG) of high-purity deposits leads to formation of individual crystallites as a consequence of precursor surface mobility at room temperature [21][24][25]. This mobility is suppressed when the surface is held at sufficiently low temperature. This was demonstrated by UHV experiments that

• elements (referred to herein as scenario A) [54][55]. Therefore, we must first critically reflect upon the validity of composition and thickness data derived from the deposition experiments described herein. According to earlier results [21][24][25], surface mobility of the precursor at room temperature in

• reflect the decrease of uncovered Ta substrate area than an increase of the deposit thickness [27]. In contrast, a more homogeneous deposit is anticipated at cryogenic temperature, where surface mobility is lower [21]. As the situation in reality most likely lies somewhere between scenarios A and B, a

Heat-induced morphological changes in silver nanowires deposited on a patterned silicon substrate

• Elyad Damerchi,
• Sven Oras,
• Edgars Butanovs,
• Allar Liivlaid,
• Mikk Antsov,
• Boris Polyakov,
• Annamarija Trausa,
• Veronika Zadin,
• Andreas Kyritsakis,
• Loïc Vidal,
• Karine Mougin,
• Siim Pikker and
• Sergei Vlassov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 435–446, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.39

• , especially considering the greatly reduced mobility of Ag atoms at lower temperatures preventing slippage of the NW relative to the Si substrate. As a result, defects and necking develop in the middle of the suspended part, which agrees with the experimentally observed necking in scheme 1 (Figure 4). As

Controllable physicochemical properties of WO_x thin films grown under glancing angle

• Rupam Mandal,
• Aparajita Mandal,
• Alapan Dutta,
• Rengasamy Sivakumar,
• Sanjeev Kumar Srivastava and
• Tapobrata Som

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 350–359, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.31

• fascinating optical and electrical properties [1]. WOx is a wide-bandgap oxide semiconductor with a large excitonic binding energy of 0.15 eV and a high optical absorption coefficient (≥104 cm−1 in the UV region) [2]. These, in conjunction with decent carrier mobility (12 cm2·V−1·s−1), make this material an

Modification of graphene oxide and its effect on properties of natural rubber/graphene oxide nanocomposites

• Nghiem Thi Thuong,
• Le Dinh Quang,
• Vu Quoc Cuong,
• Cao Hong Ha,
• Nguyen Ba Lam and
• Seiichi Kawahara

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 168–179, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.16

• modification with VTES, was not well chemically linked to rubber particles, resulting in a decrease in the reinforcement effect for NR. The giant silica structure on the GO surface, as proposed in Figure 9, may hinder the mobility of GO to interact with rubber particles during radical graft copolymerization

CdSe/ZnS quantum dots as a booster in the active layer of distributed ternary organic photovoltaics

• Gabriela Lewińska,
• Piotr Jeleń,
• Zofia Kucia,
• Maciej Sitarz,
• Łukasz Walczak,
• Bartłomiej Szafraniak,
• Jerzy Sanetra and
• Konstanty W. Marszalek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 144–156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.14

• -transporting layers [24], active absorbing layers, and other components [25][26]. Inorganic quantum dots are considered substitutes for fullerene acceptors. Their biggest advantages are a tunable band gap, various absorption spectra, and comparatively high mobility of carriers [27][28]. The application of

Development and characterization of potential larvicidal nanoemulsions against Aedes aegypti

• Jonatas L. Duarte,
• Leonardo Delello Di Filippo,
• Anna Eliza Maciel de Faria Mota Oliveira,
• Rafael Miguel Sábio,
• Gabriel Davi Marena,
• Tais Maria Bauab,
• Cristiane Duque,
• Vincent Corbel and
• Marlus Chorilli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 104–114, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.10

• were evaluated over a period of 60 days using dynamic light scattering, and the zeta potential was determined via electrophoretic mobility in a Zetasizer 3000 HSA (Malvern Instruments) device, using a 10 mW HeNe laser operated at 633 nm with a detection angle of incidence of 173° at 25 °C. Data

• , melanization, or loss of mobility, in response to the treatment. Death was considered when there was no physical reaction after stimulation. The samples were tested at concentrations of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg, with controls including trauma control (puncture only, TC), death control (100% methanol, DC

Nanotechnological approaches in the treatment of schistosomiasis: an overview

• Lucas Carvalho,
• Michelle Sarcinelli and
• Beatriz Patrício

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 13–25, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.2

• mobility, couple separation, and tegument alterations. In vivo, the main criteria used is reducing worm burden, quantity and diameter of granuloma, eggs in feces, and oxidative stress markers (e.g., glutathione, nitrite/nitrate, and malondialdehyde). Generally, articles that do not show effectiveness data

Sulfur nanocomposites with insecticidal effect for the control of Bactericera cockerelli

• Lany S. Araujo-Yépez,
• Juan O. Tigrero-Salas,
• Vicente A. Delgado-Rodríguez,
• Vladimir A. Aguirre-Yela and
• Josué N. Villota-Méndez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1106–1115, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.91

• larvae, pupae, and adults of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster [48]. In addition, nanoencapsulated essential oils have chemical activity and increased mobility, allowing for the penetration into insect tissues through the cuticle or by ingestion through the digestive tract [49]. Essential oils are

Dual-heterodyne Kelvin probe force microscopy

• Benjamin Grévin,
• Fatima Husainy,
• Dmitry Aldakov and
• Cyril Aumaître

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1068–1084, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.88

• processes of photogeneration and carrier annihilation (by electron–hole recombination). In addition, from the venture of time-resolved KPFM under pulsed illumination, the SPV dynamics are mainly governed by the effective carrier mobility and trapping mechanisms. The main factor limiting the photocharging

• dynamics is indeed the effective mobility of holes and electrons (under the effect of drift diffusion) in the donor and acceptor networks. After the application of a light pulse – and during the duration of the pulse – the charge mobility limits the rate at which an electrostatic equilibrium can be reached

• depositing caesium lead halide perovskite nanosheets (NSs) on a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) substrate. Lead halide perovskites have emerged recently as materials with unique optical and electronic properties, such as high absorption coefficients, high defect tolerance, and charge mobility. Due

A visible-light photodetector based on heterojunctions between CuO nanoparticles and ZnO nanorods

• Doan Nhat Giang,
• Nhat Minh Nguyen,
• Duc Anh Ngo,
• Thanh Trang Tran,
• Le Thai Duy,
• Cong Khanh Tran,
• Thi Thanh Van Tran,
• Phan Phuong Ha La and
• Vinh Quang Dang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1018–1027, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.84

• because of its large exciton binding energy of 60 meV at room temperature [20], excellent chemical and thermal stability, high electron mobility, non-toxicity, low cost, and simple synthesis [21][22]. Various shapes of ZnO nanomaterials can be easily obtained by controlling synthesis conditions (e.g

Isolation of cubic Si₃P₄ in the form of nanocrystals

• Polina K. Nikiforova,
• Sergei S. Bubenov,
• Vadim B. Platonov,
• Andrey S. Kumskov,
• Nikolay N. Kononov,
• Tatyana A. Kuznetsova and
• Sergey G. Dorofeev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 971–979, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.80

• facile lithium transport and possess a promising capacity of 2700 and 862/737 mA·h·g−1, respectively [16][17]. In the case of the synthesized nanoscale particles, a high level of Li mobility can be reached because of their developed surface and the interconnected ordered network of silicon vacancies with

N-Heterocyclic carbene-based gold etchants

• Robert B. Chevalier,
• Justin Pantano,
• Matthew K. Kiesewetter and
• Jason R. Dwyer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 865–871, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.71

• , in turn, can promote surface mobility of gold across a sample, allowing for the formation of herringbone structures, pits, and step edges [23][24][25]. Other work has shown that tetrahydrofuran (THF), an organic solvent used for SAM formation [1][2][4][6][7][8], can roughen the gold surface at atomic

Ultralow-energy amorphization of contaminated silicon samples investigated by molecular dynamics

• Grégoire R. N. Defoort-Levkov,
• Alan Bahm and
• Patrick Philipp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 834–849, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.68

• discussion in the forthcoming sections. In Figure 7, we can see that the mean implantation depths of the contaminants are increasing with impact energy, as expected, with a slight difference between oxygen and hydrogen, which is related to their mobility. Because of the electronegativity of oxygen and its

Silver nanoparticles loaded on lactose/alginate: in situ synthesis, catalytic degradation, and pH-dependent antibacterial activity

• Nguyen Thi Thanh Tu,
• T. Lan-Anh Vo,
• T. Thu-Trang Ho,
• Kim-Phuong T. Dang,
• Van-Dung Le,
• Phan Nhat Minh,
• Chi-Hien Dang,
• Vinh-Thien Tran,
• Van-Su Dang,
• Tran Thi Kim Chi,
• Hieu Vu-Quang,
• Radek Fajgar,
• Thi-Lan-Huong Nguyen,
• Van-Dat Doan and
• Thanh-Danh Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 781–792, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.64

• thankful to Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (QTCZ01.01/22-23) and to Czech academy of Sciences (Mobility Plus Programme No. VAST-22-02) for funding this work.

Metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials as opto-electrochemical sensors for the detection of antibiotics and hormones: A review

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo,
• Saba Derakhshan Oskouei and
• Mustafa Gazi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 631–673, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.52

• might produce localization of donor states close to the aromatic ring, were suggested as the source of the bandgap modulation due to changes in the functionality of the organic linker [82]. Due to MOFs’ low resistivity and rapid charge carrier mobility, some researchers [80][81][82][83] have recently

• suggested that MOFs occasionally exhibit superconductive behaviour. The presence of metallic state bands, which correspond to π-type crystal orbitals centred on ligand atoms and metal ions, as well as the availability of the most extensive mobility pathways between the sheets, clarified the conductive

Suspension feeding in Copepoda (Crustacea) – a numerical model of setae acting in concert

• Alexander E. Filippov,
• Wencke Krings and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 603–615, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.50

• -resolution CLSM imaging or atomic force microscopy. As it was visualized by CLSM [55][56][57], the basal parts of some short and long setae appear to be relatively soft and seem to contain resilin or other proteins. This should influence the mobility of the rotating setae. To account for this in the

• component. In the model, each long seta is constructed from 15 segments and each short one from seven segments. Each seta is rotated around a base segment from minimal to maximal angles, ϕmin and ϕmax, respectively. We varied these angles in a wide interval to simulate the different rotational mobility of

Mixed oxides with corundum-type structure obtained from recycling can seals as paint pigments: color stability

• Dienifer F. L. Horsth,
• Julia de O. Primo,
• Nayara Balaba,
• Fauze J. Anaissi and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 467–477, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.37

• ) – Finance Code 001 for a graduate scholarship, D. F. L. H. thanks UMONS for the PhD grant, J. d. O. P. thanks the FNRS for mobility grant (2021/V6/5/003–JG/MF–726). C. B. is a Research Associate of the FRS-FNRS, Belgium. C. B. and J. P. thank the Belgian Fund for Scientific Research under the FRFC contract