One-step nonhydrolytic sol–gel synthesis of mesoporous TiO₂ phosphonate hybrid materials

• Yanhui Wang,
• P. Hubert Mutin and
• Johan G. Alauzun

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 356–362, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.35

• mmol), acetophenone (1.44 g, 12.00 mmol), C8H17PO3Et2 (0 mmol, 0.24 mmol, 0.60 mmol, 1.20 mmol, or 2.40 mmol) and toluene (8.0 mL) were mixed in a stainless steel digestion vessel with a PTFE lining (23 mL). The sealed autoclave was heated in an oven at 200 °C for 12 h under autogenous pressure. After

A Ni(OH)₂ nanopetals network for high-performance supercapacitors synthesized by immersing Ni nanofoam in water

• Donghui Zheng,
• Man Li,
• Yongyan Li,
• Chunling Qin,
• Yichao Wang and
• Zhifeng Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 281–293, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.27

• nickel hydroxide without binders has become a hot topic in recent years. For instance, Ni(OH)2 active materials have been loaded on stainless steel [21], carbon foam [22] and three-dimensional (3D) graphite foam [23]. Furthermore, 3D porous nickel materials have been used extensively as conductive

Graphene–graphite hybrid epoxy composites with controllable workability for thermal management

• Idan Levy,
• Eyal Merary Wormser,
• Maxim Varenik,
• Matat Buzaglo,
• Roey Nadiv and
• Oren Regev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 95–104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.9

• ) operated in cone and plate arrangements (stainless steel cone, with a 40 mm diameter and a 4° cone angle) at 25 °C. The shear rate was swept between 0.01–100 1/s, and each measurement was performed at steady-state flow at a shear rate of 0.01 1/s to extract the viscosity [51][68]. Functional thermal

Magnetic and luminescent coordination networks based on imidazolium salts and lanthanides for sensitive ratiometric thermometry

• Pierre Farger,
• Cédric Leuvrey,
• Mathieu Gallart,
• Pierre Gilliot,
• Guillaume Rogez,
• João Rocha,
• Duarte Ananias,
• Pierre Rabu and
• Emilie Delahaye

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2775–2787, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.259

• (L)(ox)(H2O)] were obtained with Ln = Eu3+, Gd3+, Tb3+, Dy3+, Ho3+ and Yb3+ by reacting a water/ethanol solution of the lanthanide nitrate and oxalic acid (H2ox) with [HL]. The mixture was sealed in a Teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave and heated at 393 K for 72 h. After cooling to room

• /ethanol solution (1.5 mL). The solution was sealed in a Teflon-line stainless steel bomb (6 mL) and heated at 393 K for 72 h. After cooling to room temperature, the bomb was opened and colorless crystals were filtered and washed with ethanol and dried at room temperature. Yields were between 41% and 59

Optimization of Mo/Cr bilayer back contacts for thin-film solar cells

• Nima Khoshsirat,
• Fawad Ali,
• Vincent Tiing Tiong,
• Mojtaba Amjadipour,
• Hongxia Wang,
• Mahnaz Shafiei and
• Nunzio Motta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2700–2707, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.252

• such as glass or stainless steel [17][18][19][20][21]. Cr forms an oxide interface layer by scavenging the oxygen available on the glass surface during the sputtering process. This creates nucleation centers and promotes nucleation of the next deposited material (in this case Mo), leading to a strong

• adhesion of Mo to the substrates [22][23][24]. The Mo/Cr back contact has been already proposed in flexible thin-film solar cells on metallic foils and stainless steel [25][26][27][28]. However, in these reports Cr was used as a barrier layer to reduce/prevent impurity out-diffusion from the metallic

Nanotribology

• Enrico Gnecco,
• Susan Perkin,
• Andrea Vanossi and
• Ernst Meyer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2330–2331, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.217

• ., silicon oxide, are recognized. The quality of the surface condition is addressed experimentally by the example of cryogenically treated martensitic stainless steel [4] and theoretically by an analysis of the influence of micro-dimple textures on hydrodynamic lubrication [5]. On a more fundamental level

Electrospun one-dimensional nanostructures: a new horizon for gas sensing materials

• Muhammad Imran,
• Nunzio Motta and
• Mahnaz Shafiei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2128–2170, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.202

• inside a stainless steel needle. The electrospinning setup and resulting hollow fibers are shown in Figure 5. Choi et al. [75] synthesized macroporous WO3 NTs using coaxial electrospinning combined with sacrificial templating. A porous structure using colloidal polystyrene (PS) particles in a solution

Synthesis of carbon nanowalls from a single-source metal-organic precursor

• André Giese,
• Sebastian Schipporeit,
• Volker Buck and
• Nicolas Wöhrl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1895–1905, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.181

• the various deposition parameters on the growth. Silicon, stainless steel, nickel and copper are used as substrate materials. The CNWs deposited are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). The combination of bias voltage, the

• substrate bias and the substrate temperature on the deposition process and on the structure of the synthesized CNWs. Four different kinds of substrates were chosen: stainless steel, aluminium, nickel and silicon. These materials were chosen because they differ significantly in essential properties such as

• found that the described growth model is also valid for all of the chosen materials. However, the growth regimes are shifted for the different materials. While all of the above mentioned structures are found on stainless steel and aluminium (although shifted to different bias voltage and temperature

Magnetic properties of Fe₃O₄ antidot arrays synthesized by AFIR: atomic layer deposition, focused ion beam and thermal reduction

• Juan L. Palma,
• Alejandro Pereira,
• Raquel Álvaro,
• José Miguel García-Martín and
• Juan Escrig

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1728–1734, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.164

• 200 °C in stop/exposure-mode. The ferrocene (FeCp2) was held in a stainless-steel container (bottle) heated to 90 °C to ensure sufficient vapor pressure. The pulse times of ferrocene and ozone in the FeCp2/O3 cycle were 2 s and 0.2 s, respectively; the exposure and pump times were 5 s and 15 s

Multimodal noncontact atomic force microscopy and Kelvin probe force microscopy investigations of organolead tribromide perovskite single crystals

• Yann Almadori,
• David Moerman,
• Jaume Llacer Martinez,
• Philippe Leclère and
• Benjamin Grévin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1695–1704, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.161

• inverse temperature solubility. The single crystal investigated under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) was fixed on a stainless steel sample UVH holder with a compatible electrically conductive silver epoxy paste (EPO-TEK E4110), which was cured at room temperature (RT) over 24 hours. The sample was subsequently

Sheet-on-belt branched TiO₂(B)/rGO powders with enhanced photocatalytic activity

• Huan Xing,
• Wei Wen and
• Jin-Ming Wu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1550–1557, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.146

• transferred to a Teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave and maintained at 200 °C for 24 h, with a heating rate of 2 °C/min. After the reaction, the precipitates were centrifugally washed with distilled water three times and then immersed in a 0.1 M HCl solution for 1 h repetitively for three times to complete

Graphene composites with dental and biomedical applicability

• Sharali Malik,
• Felicite M. Ruddock,
• Adam H. Dowling,
• Kevin Byrne,
• Wolfgang Schmitt,
• Ivan Khalakhan,
• Yoshihiro Nemoto,
• Hongxuan Guo,
• Lok Kumar Shrestha,
• Katsuhiko Ariga and
• Jonathan P. Hill

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 801–808, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.73

• was hand-mixed with all the poly(acrylic acid) solution for 20 s using a stainless steel spatula, and then the remaining GI powder was added and mixed for a further 20 s. Dynamic viscosity measurements The viscosity of all the poly(acrylic acid) solutions was measured with a digital viscometer

• covered with an acetate strip and aligned using nylon wedges and a locating pin. The hand-mixed GI restorative plastic mass was applied to one side of the split-mould immediately after mixing using the stainless steel spatula and allowed to flow into the mould to minimise air bubble incorporation in the

Combined pulsed laser deposition and non-contact atomic force microscopy system for studies of insulator metal oxide thin films

• Daiki Katsube,
• Hayato Yamashita,
• Satoshi Abo and
• Masayuki Abe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 686–692, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.63

• ]. The substrate is fixed with four screws and leaf springs on the ceramic part of the sample holder. Stainless steel electrodes under the ceramic are used as connections for flowing a current through the tungsten thin film. The electrode for the flowing current is insulated from the base of the stocker

Sensing behavior of flower-shaped MoS₂ nanoflakes: case study with methanol and xylene

• Maryam Barzegar,
• Masoud Berahman and
• Azam Iraji zad

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 608–615, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.57

• water followed by rapid stirring for about 30 min. Subsequently, the mixture was transferred into a 50 mL teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave and maintained at 200 °C for 24 h. After cooling naturally, the black MoS2 product was collected by filtration, washed with distilled water and pure ethanol

Fabrication and photoactivity of ionic liquid–TiO₂ structures for efficient visible-light-induced photocatalytic decomposition of organic pollutants in aqueous phase

• Anna Gołąbiewska,
• Marta Paszkiewicz-Gawron,
• Aleksandra Sadzińska,
• Wojciech Lisowski,
• Ewelina Grabowska,
• Adriana Zaleska-Medynska and
• Justyna Łuczak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 580–590, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.54

• was transferred to a 200 mL teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave and the solvothermal reaction was performed at 180 °C for 24 h [28]. The reaction product was washed with ethanol and deionized water, respectively, followed by drying at 60 °C for 6 h. The obtained powder was calcinated at 200 °C for

Kinetics of solvent supported tubule formation of Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) wax on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) investigated by atomic force microscopy

• Sujit Kumar Dora,
• Kerstin Koch,
• Wilhelm Barthlott and
• Klaus Wandelt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 468–481, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.45

• chloroform takes ≈30 seconds to evaporate from the surface leaving the wax attached to the substrate. The HOPG substrate was then fixed to the stainless steel AFM base plate using a metal clip, so that the first image acquisition started typically 8–10 minutes after application of the wax solution, i.e

Influence of the preparation method on the photocatalytic activity of Nd-modified TiO₂

• Patrycja Parnicka,
• Paweł Mazierski,
• Tomasz Grzyb,
• Wojciech Lisowski,
• Ewa Kowalska,
• Bunsho Ohtani,
• Adriana Zaleska-Medynska and
• Joanna Nadolna

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 447–459, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.43

• stainless steel reactor with the working volume of about 35 mL equipped with a quartz window, two valves and a septum. An array of five LEDs (λmax = 415 nm) was used as an irradiation source. A glass plate covered by Nd-modified TiO2 was placed at the bottom side of the reactor followed by closing the

Sugarcane juice derived carbon dot–graphitic carbon nitride composites for bisphenol A degradation under sunlight irradiation

• Lan Ching Sim,
• Jing Lin Wong,
• Chen Hong Hak,
• Jun Yan Tai,
• Kah Hon Leong and
• Pichiah Saravanan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 353–363, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.35

• -workers [6]. To prepare the CD solution, 40 mL of sugarcane juice was mixed with 30 mL ethanol and stirred for 10 min to ensure homogeneity. The mixture was then transferred to a 80 mL teflon-lined stainless-steel autoclave and closed up tightly. It was dried in oven at 120 °C for 8 h with a heating rate

• solution and then stirred for 24 h using a hot plate magnetic stirrer under room temperature. After the solution mixed homogeneously, it was placed into teflon-lined stainless-steel autoclave and heated at 100 °C for 2 h. It was then centrifuged to remove excessive CDs. The samples were then dried

Synthesis and characterization of electrospun molybdenum dioxide–carbon nanofibers as sulfur matrix additives for rechargeable lithium–sulfur battery applications

• Ruiyuan Zhuang,
• Shanshan Yao,
• Maoxiang Jing,
• Xiangqian Shen,
• Jun Xiang,
• Tianbao Li,
• Kesong Xiao and
• Shibiao Qin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 262–270, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.28

• vigorously stirred for 24 h at room temperature to form a sol–gel solution for further electrospinning. The solution was then loaded into 10 mL plastic syringes equipped with a 9-gauge stainless steel needle. A high voltage power supply was used to provide a voltage of 15 kV to the needle tips and the

• of 1:1. The resulting S/MoO2–CNF composites were gradually dried in air for 6 h then heated to 155 °C for 6 h in a sealed 25 mL teflon-lined stainless-steel autoclave. After cooling down to room temperature, S/MoO2–CNF composites were obtained. Next, the as-prepared S/MoO2–CNF composites were mixed

Gas-assisted silver deposition with a focused electron beam

• Luisa Berger,
• Katarzyna Madajska,
• Iwona B. Szymanska,
• Katja Höflich,
• Mikhail N. Polyakov,
• Jakub Jurczyk,
• Carlos Guerra-Nuñez and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 224–232, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.24

• mode of the Hitachi S3600 software was used. The precursor was introduced into the chamber via a homebuilt gas injection system (GIS). The GIS was made of chemically inert stainless steel and designed to minimize the molecule path lengths. Instead of a capillary, a large GIS-opening of 3 mm inner

Bombyx mori silk/titania/gold hybrid materials for photocatalytic water splitting: combining renewable raw materials with clean fuels

• Stefanie Krüger,
• Michael Schwarze,
• Otto Baumann,
• Christina Günter,
• Michael Bruns,
• Christian Kübel,
• Dorothée Vinga Szabó,
• Rafael Meinusch,
• Verónica de Zea Bermudez and
• Andreas Taubert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 187–204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.21

• showed the same behavior and the deviations between the individual measurements were below 1%. Elemental analysis (EA) for C, H, and N was performed on a Vario EL III (elementar). Photocatalysis experiments were done in a planar photoreactor with defined geometry consisting of a stainless steel housing

Electron-driven and thermal chemistry during water-assisted purification of platinum nanomaterials generated by electron beam induced deposition

• Ziyan Warneke,
• Markus Rohdenburg,
• Jonas Warneke,
• Janina Kopyra and
• Petra Swiderek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 77–90, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.10

• calibrated volume where the absolute pressure is measured with a capacitance manometer. For each film deposition, a calibrated amount of vapour was leaked via a stainless steel capillary opening onto the metal substrate. Experiments on methylcyclopentadiene (MeCpH) were performed on a polycrystalline Au

The rational design of a Au(I) precursor for focused electron beam induced deposition

• Ali Marashdeh,
• Thiadrik Tiesma,
• Niels J. C. van Velzen,
• Sjoerd Harder,
• Remco W. A. Havenith,
• Jeff T. M. De Hosson and
• Willem F. van Dorp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2753–2765, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.274

• = 8.5 Hz, 3H, AuCH3), 0.60 (d, 2JHP = 8.7 Hz, 6H, PCH3); 31P NMR (162 MHz, C6D6, 25 °C) δ 11.4 (m, 2JHP = 8.7 Hz, PMe3). These values correspond to values published earlier [84][85]. The compound was stored at 243 K in a dry N2 atmosphere and loaded into vacuum reservoirs, either a stainless steel

CdSe nanorod/TiO₂ nanoparticle heterojunctions with enhanced solar- and visible-light photocatalytic activity

• Fakher Laatar,
• Hatem Moussa,
• Halima Alem,
• Lavinia Balan,
• Emilien Girot,
• Ghouti Medjahdi,
• Hatem Ezzaouia and
• Raphaël Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2741–2752, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.273

• 30 min at room temperature to ensure complete dissolution of precursors. Next, the solution was transferred to a teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave with 100 mL capacity and heated to 180 °C for 12 h. After cooling to room temperature, the CdSe NRs were recovered by centrifugation (4000 rpm for 15

Fabrication of CeO₂–MO_x (M = Cu, Co, Ni) composite yolk–shell nanospheres with enhanced catalytic properties for CO oxidation

• Ling Liu,
• Jingjing Shi,
• Hongxia Cao,
• Ruiyu Wang and
• Ziwu Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2425–2437, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.241

• solution. The resultant mixture was placed to a 50 mL Teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave and maintained at 100 °C for 10 h. After cooling to room temperature, the Ce-CPCSs were collected by centrifugation, washed with ethanol three times and oven-dried at 60 °C. The CeO2 yolk–shell nanospheres were

• mg of the as-prepared CeO2 was dispersed into the above clear solutions under ultrasonification. Subsequently, the resultant homogeneous slurry was placed in a 25 mL Teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave and maintained at 120 °C for 12 h. Finally, the products were harvested by centrifugation and

• silica sand was loaded into a stainless steel tube. A gas mixture of CO/O2/N2 (1:10:89) with a total flow rate of 50 mL/min flowed through the reactor, equivalent to a weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of 60000 mL·g−1·h−1. The composition of the gas exiting from the reactor was monitored with an online