Changes of structural, magnetic and spectroscopic properties of microencapsulated iron sucrose nanoparticles in saline

• Sabina Lewińska,
• Pavlo Aleshkevych,
• Roman Minikayev,
• Anna Bajorek,
• Mateusz Dulski,
• Krystian Prusik,
• Tomasz Wojciechowski and
• Anna Ślawska-Waniewska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 762–784, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.59

Efficiency of single-pulse laser fragmentation of organic nutraceutical dispersions in a circular jet flow-through reactor

• Tina Friedenauer,
• Maximilian Spellauge,
• Alexander Sommereyns,
• Verena Labenski,
• Tuba Esatbeyoglu,
• Christoph Rehbock,
• Heinz P. Huber and
• Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 711–727, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.55

• understood. In the last two decades, the transfer of these laser-based processes to organic substances has been reported with a particular focus on particle size reduction by LFL [10][16][17]. One motivation behind the size reduction of organic particles like drugs or near-infrared absorbing dyes, which

• iron phthalocyanines (FePc), but also some purely organic dyes such as naphthalocyanides [25], perylenes [26], perylene diimides [27][28], fullerenes [29][30], and quinacridones [2][31] have been successfully downsized to the nanoscale using nanosecond- and femtosecond-LFL with wavelengths in the UV

• , green, and IR ranges. Metal complex dyes are characterized by high thermal and UV stability and were therefore preferred for initial LFL studies [32]. Asahi et al. and Tamaki et al. repeatedly showed that using a UV nanosecond laser with a repetition rate of several hertz not only produces NPs of

Recent advances in photothermal nanomaterials for ophthalmic applications

• Jiayuan Zhuang,
• Linhui Jia,
• Chenghao Li,
• Rui Yang,
• Jiapeng Wang,
• Wen-an Wang,
• Heng Zhou and
• Xiangxia Luo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 195–215, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.16

• , and polypyrrole) with a broad light absorption spectrum and efficient photothermal conversion capabilities (see below in Figure 2e) [58][59][60]. In addition to polymer-based photothermal nanomaterials, organic small molecule dyes that are often used for tissue staining can also be used as

• photothermal agents [61]. Organic small molecule dyes are easy to remove from the eye, however, they suffer from low photothermal conversion efficiency, easy photobleaching, low water solubility, and low stability [39]. Common organic small molecule dyes include cyanine dyes (e.g., indocyanine green (ICG

• )), porphyrin dyes, rhodamine dyes, and squaraine dyes [62]. By modifying, adding, or removing functional groups in the molecule, the light absorption spectrum of organic small molecule dyes can be effectively adjusted, and targeting can be achieved. The photothermal conversion efficiency of organic small

Clays enhanced with niobium: potential in wastewater treatment and reuse as pigment with antibacterial activity

• Silvia Jaerger,
• Patricia Appelt,
• Mario Antônio Alves da Cunha,
• Fabián Ccahuana Ayma,
• Ricardo Schneider,
• Carla Bittencourt and
• Fauze Jacó Anaissi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 141–154, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.13

• ; Introduction The most found dye pollutants in wastewater on a global scale originate from textile, plastic, paper, food, cosmetics, mineral, and pharmaceutical industries, among others, resulting in significant environmental impacts [1]. Dyes, as chemical compounds that impart color to different materials

• , play a crucial role in industries requiring coloring, such as textile, food, cosmetics, rubber, printing, paper, and plastic. Globally, an estimated 7 × 105 tons of dyes are produced, with 10–15% typically disposed of as wastewater pollutants [2]. Among the most used dyes, methylene blue (MB) is an

• oxidation, extraction, and biodegradation [4]. Unfortunately, these methods exhibit inefficiencies due to the generation of secondary pollution and high operational costs. Biological and anaerobic degradation of dyes may yield carcinogenic by-products [4][5], highlighting the significant challenge in

Theoretical study of the electronic and optical properties of a composite formed by the zeolite NaA and a magnetite cluster

• Joel Antúnez-García,
• Roberto Núñez-González,
• Vitalii Petranovskii,
• H’Linh Hmok,
• Armando Reyes-Serrato,
• Fabian N. Murrieta-Rico,
• Mufei Xiao and
• Jonathan Zamora

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 44–53, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.5

• introduction of magnetic nanoparticles into zeolite crystals so that the resulting composite can respond to an external magnetic field [33]. By imparting magnetic properties to such composites, they can be efficiently recovered after capturing contaminants such as heavy metals [34][35][36][37] and dyes [38][39

Mechanistic insights into endosomal escape by sodium oleate-modified liposomes

• Ebrahim Sadaqa,
• Satrialdi,
• Fransiska Kurniawan and
• Diky Mudhakir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1667–1685, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.131

• No. 15250061), and trypsin-EDTA solution (Catalog No. 25200056) were supplied by Gibco, Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). Fluorescent dyes LysoSensor Green DND-189 (Catalog No. L7535) and Hoechst 33342 (Catalog No. H3570) were also procured from Thermo Fisher Scientific. The stearylated

The round-robin approach applied to nanoinformatics: consensus prediction of nanomaterials zeta potential

• Dimitra-Danai Varsou,
• Arkaprava Banerjee,
• Joyita Roy,
• Kunal Roy,
• Giannis Savvas,
• Haralambos Sarimveis,
• Ewelina Wyrzykowska,
• Mateusz Balicki,
• Tomasz Puzyn,
• Georgia Melagraki,
• Iseult Lynch and
• Antreas Afantitis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1536–1553, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.121

• -across and QSPR, has been recently introduced and applied to the prediction of NM cytotoxicity [44], power conversion efficiency of organic dyes in dye-sensitized solar cells [45][46], detonation heat for nitrogen containing compounds [47], and to the prediction of surface area of perovskite materials

Hymenoptera and biomimetic surfaces: insights and innovations

• Vinicius Marques Lopez,
• Carlo Polidori and
• Rhainer Guillermo Ferreira

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1333–1352, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.107

• pheomelanin) [21][22][23] (but see [24][25] for other pigments). Especially structural coloration provides a wealth of inspiration for creating vivid, durable colors without the use of dyes. This natural phenomenon involves the manipulation of light by micro- and nanostructures on the cuticle (e.g

• over time [34][35][36][37]. Traditional pigments and dyes can degrade under exposure to light, heat, and chemicals, but structurally colored materials maintain their vibrancy indefinitely. This has potential applications in creating long-lasting paints, coatings, and fabrics, reducing the need for

• , iridescent hues that do not rely on chemical dyes [38]. This can lead to more sustainable fashion practices, as the production of synthetic dyes often involves toxic chemicals and generates significant environmental pollution [38]. Structurally colored fabrics would offer a greener alternative, aligning with

Enhanced catalytic reduction through in situ synthesized gold nanoparticles embedded in glucosamine/alginate nanocomposites

• Chi-Hien Dang,
• Le-Kim-Thuy Nguyen,
• Minh-Trong Tran,
• Van-Dung Le,
• Nguyen Minh Ty,
• T. Ngoc Han Pham,
• Hieu Vu-Quang,
• Tran Thi Kim Chi,
• Tran Thi Huong Giang,
• Nguyen Thi Thanh Tu and
• Thanh-Danh Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1227–1237, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.99

• AuNPs exhibited uniform size with an average diameter of 10.0 nm. The nanocomposites facilitated the recyclable reduction of organic dyes, including 2-nitrophenol, 4-nitrophenol, and methyl orange, employing NaBH4 as the reducing agent. Kinetic studies further underscored the potential of this

• nanocomposite as a versatile catalyst with promising applications across various industrial sectors. Keywords: catalysis; gold nanoparticles; organic dyes; organometallic nanocomposites; reduction; Introduction Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have garnered significant attention because of their exceptional

• (e.g., glucose, fructose, and glucosamine (GluN)) for the in situ synthesis of metallic nanoparticles onto alginate-based nanogels remains unexplored. Toxic organic dyes, including nitrophenols and methyl orange (MO), pose a significant environmental threat because of their persistence in water. This

Realizing active targeting in cancer nanomedicine with ultrasmall nanoparticles

• André F. Lima,
• Giselle Z. Justo and
• Alioscka A. Sousa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1208–1226, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.98

• ’ dots) composed of encapsulated Cy5 near-infrared (NIR) dyes, a protective PEG layer, the drug exatecan conjugated via a cathepsin-B cleavable linker, and folic acid targeting molecules (Figure 3A) [115]. The multifunctional C’ dot particles contained on average 21 exatecan and 13 folic acid molecules

• core and multiple functionalities, including encapsulated Cy5 NIR dyes, 89Zr radiolabels, and peptide-based PSMA-targeting ligands. Competitive cell-binding assays using a high-PSMA-expressing cell line (LNCap) revealed that the targeted C’ dots exhibited at least a twofold improvement in the IC50

• ligands/receptors Chen et al. developed multifunctional C’ dot particles integrating encapsulated Cy5 dyes, stealth PEG layer, 89Zr radiolabels, and 25-kDa anti-HER2 scFv fragments (Figure 7A) [145]. The surface density of each functional group was precisely controlled to yield a final construct of 7.3 nm

Unveiling the potential of alginate-based nanomaterials in sensing technology and smart delivery applications

• Shakhzodjon Uzokboev,
• Khojimukhammad Akhmadbekov,
• Ra’no Nuritdinova,
• Salah M. Tawfik and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1077–1104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.88

• contains a lot of hydroxy and carboxylic acid groups, it has the potential to purify water by adsorbing metal ions and organic dyes through hydrogen and chelate bonding. A carbonized carboxymethyl chitosan/SA hydrogel evaporator was able to remove phenol with 95.37% efficiency and simultaneously desalinate

Intermixing of MoS₂ and WS₂ photocatalysts toward methylene blue photodegradation

• Maryam Al Qaydi,
• Nitul S. Rajput,
• Michael Lejeune,
• Abdellatif Bouchalkha,
• Mimoun El Marssi,
• Steevy Cordette,
• Chaouki Kasmi and
• Mustapha Jouiad

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 817–829, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.68

• Arab Emirates 10.3762/bjnano.15.68 Abstract Visible-light-driven photocatalysis using layered materials has garnered increasing attention regarding the degradation of organic dyes. Herein, transition-metal dichalcogenides MoS2 and WS2 prepared by chemical vapor deposition as well as their intermixing

• removal, or synthetic dye degradation [4][5][6]. For instance, methylene blue (MB), which is considered one of the most used synthetic organic dyes in various industrial and medical applications, poses serious risks as a pollutant to water resources [7]. Indeed, MB is a potential carcinogen and mutagen

Green synthesis of biomass-derived carbon quantum dots for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue

• Dalia Chávez-García,
• Mario Guzman,
• Viridiana Sanchez and
• Rubén D. Cadena-Nava

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 755–766, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.63

• , Mexico 10.3762/bjnano.15.63 Abstract Water pollution, significantly influenced by the discharge of synthetic dyes from industries, such as textiles, poses a persistent global threat to human health. Among these dyes, methylene blue, particularly prevalent in the textile sector, exacerbates this issue

• ; photoluminiscence; Introduction The textile industry is known for its high consumption of water, energy, and chemical reagents. For example, manufacturing a pair of indigo-dyed pants requires at least 42 L of water, plus approximately 21 L each time they are washed at home. To ensure product quality, textile dyes

• are designed to be resistant to light, detergents, and cleaning products, making them difficult to remove. When these dyes are released into water bodies, they cause pollution problems such as chemical oxygen demand, toxicity, and reduced light penetration, which affects aquatic life. As a result, the

Gold nanomakura: nanoarchitectonics and their photothermal response in association with carrageenan hydrogels

• Nabojit Das,
• Vikas,
• Akash Kumar,
• Sanjeev Soni and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 678–693, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.56

• NIR/IR region enhances the efficiency of light absorption and scattering, which is a million times more intense than that of conventionally used organic dyes [15]. The NIR/IR wavelengths have the ability to penetrate biological tissues without using invasive modalities for diagnostic or therapeutic

Laser synthesis of nanoparticles in organic solvents – products, reactions, and perspectives

• Theo Fromme,
• Sven Reichenberger,
• Katharine M. Tibbetts and
• Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 638–663, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.54

• fundamentals and applications [7]. The colloids reported in the literature contain mainly inorganic particles (hence, they are the focus of this review), although the literature on organic particle synthesis has been reported as well, ranging from dyes [8][9] to natural substances [10][11] and drugs [12]. LSPC

Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light by cobalt ferrite nanoparticles/graphene quantum dots

• Vo Chau Ngoc Anh,
• Le Thi Thanh Nhi,
• Le Thi Kim Dung,
• Dang Thi Ngoc Hoa,
• Nguyen Truong Son,
• Nguyen Thi Thao Uyen,
• Nguyen Ngoc Uyen Thu,
• Le Van Thanh Son,
• Le Trung Hieu,
• Tran Ngoc Tuyen and
• Dinh Quang Khieu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 475–489, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.43

• degradation and other dyes. Keywords: cobalt ferrite; graphene quantum dots; methylene blue; Introduction Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have unique properties, including photoluminescence, biocompatibility, slight chemical toxicity, inertness, and excellent photostability [1][2]. Graphene quantum dots

Nanocarrier systems loaded with IR780, iron oxide nanoparticles and chlorambucil for cancer theragnostics

• Phuong-Thao Dang-Luong,
• Hong-Phuc Nguyen,
• Loc Le-Tuan,
• Xuan-Thang Cao,
• Vy Tran-Anh and
• Hieu Vu Quang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 180–189, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.17

• diagnostics, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent dyes are a potential alternative for the diagnosis and excision of residual malignant cancer, which is invisible by conventional visual examination and palpation [16][17][18]. Indocyanine green is the only NIR dye permitted for clinical use [19]. Dyes such as IR780

CdSe/ZnS quantum dots as a booster in the active layer of distributed ternary organic photovoltaics

• Gabriela Lewińska,
• Piotr Jeleń,
• Zofia Kucia,
• Maciej Sitarz,
• Łukasz Walczak,
• Bartłomiej Szafraniak,
• Jerzy Sanetra and
• Konstanty W. Marszalek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 144–156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.14

• outstanding excitation and optimum charge transport in the mixture. Small-molecule materials, dyes, polymers, fullerenes, and ligands have been introduced as a third component so far. Quantum dots (QDs) are also beneficial materials for ternary solar cells. QDs and nanoparticles as zero-dimensional materials

Influence of conductive carbon and MnCo₂O₄ on morphological and electrical properties of hydrogels for electrochemical energy conversion

• Sylwia Pawłowska,
• Karolina Cysewska,
• Yasamin Ziai,
• Jakub Karczewski,
• Piotr Jasiński and
• Sebastian Molin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 57–70, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.6

• metabolites), flexibility with high mechanical strength, chemical and thermal resistance, high rate of reversible fluid absorption, and low interfacial tension with water [6][7]. A very desirable property of hydrogels is the ability to incorporate or suspend various particles in their structure, such as dyes

Fluorescent bioinspired albumin/polydopamine nanoparticles and their interactions with Escherichia coli cells

• Eloïse Equy,
• Jordana Hirtzel,
• Sophie Hellé,
• Béatrice Heurtault,
• Eric Mathieu,
• Morgane Rabineau,
• Vincent Ball and
• Lydie Ploux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1208–1224, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.100

• and RhBITC-BSA/PDA NPs penetrated and accumulated in both cell wall and inner compartments of Escherichia coli (E. coli) cells. The fluorescence signals were diffuse or displayed aggregate-like patterns with both labelled NPs and free dyes. RhBITC-BSA/PDA NPs led to the most intense fluorescence in

• oxidation of pristine BSA/PDA NPs (Ox-BSA/PDA NPs) or on labelling with fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate (FITC) or rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RhBITC) fluorescent dyes (FITC-BSA/PDA NPs and RhBITC-BSA/PDA NPs, respectively). According to Ma et al., Ox-BSA/PDA NPs are expected to emit a maximum of fluorescence

• different methods, that is, the oxidation of pristine BSA/PDA NPs (Ox-BSA/PDA NPs) (Figure 2d) or the labelling of BSA with FITC or RhBITC fluorescent dyes (FITC-BSA/PDA NPs and RhBITC-BSA/PDA NPs, respectively) (Figure 2e). All fluorescent BSA/PDA NPs were made from pristine BSA/PDA NPs synthesized with a

Recognition mechanisms of hemoglobin particles by monocytes – CD163 may just be one

• Jonathan-Gabriel Nimz,
• Pichayut Rerkshanandana,
• Chiraphat Kloypan,
• Ulrich Kalus,
• Saranya Chaiwaree,
• Axel Pruß,
• Radostina Georgieva,
• Yu Xiong and
• Hans Bäumler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1028–1040, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.85

• (DAPI). The closely spaced emission maxima of DAPI and FITC, or PI and APC, necessitated the use of different dyes for DNA staining depending on which signal, FITC or APC, was of interest in each sample. In each run, 2000 monocytes were analyzed. The mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of the reference

Silver nanoparticles loaded on lactose/alginate: in situ synthesis, catalytic degradation, and pH-dependent antibacterial activity

• Nguyen Thi Thanh Tu,
• T. Lan-Anh Vo,
• T. Thu-Trang Ho,
• Kim-Phuong T. Dang,
• Van-Dung Le,
• Phan Nhat Minh,
• Chi-Hien Dang,
• Vinh-Thien Tran,
• Van-Su Dang,
• Tran Thi Kim Chi,
• Hieu Vu-Quang,
• Radek Fajgar,
• Thi-Lan-Huong Nguyen,
• Van-Dat Doan and
• Thanh-Danh Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 781–792, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.64

• antibacterial activity [38]. In this study, we prepared a nanocomposite, Lac/Alg, to stabilize AgNPs without any additives, utilizing lactose as a reducing agent. The resulting nanocomposite AgNPs@Lac/Alg was used for the catalytic degradation of toxic dyes and investigated regarding its pH-dependent

• . Thus, AgNPs@Lac/Alg-0.7 was selected for assessment of its catalytic and antibacterial properties in this study. Catalytic degradation of contaminants Toxic organic dyes pose a serious threat to the environment, and their non-biodegradability in aqueous media has led to the consideration of various

• the nanoscale metal particles served as an absorbent of dyes and BH4− ions. Subsequently, an electron transfer process occurs from BH4− (electron donor) to the dyes (electron acceptor) (Figure 6). As a result, the catalytic efficacy of metal NPs is significantly influenced by factors such as the

Metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials as opto-electrochemical sensors for the detection of antibiotics and hormones: A review

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo,
• Saba Derakhshan Oskouei and
• Mustafa Gazi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 631–673, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.52

• in different matrices. The choice of the sensor material is crucial to achieving efficient sensing of the target analyte for luminescence-based sensors. Although luminescent sensors have been made using a variety of organic fluorophores and phosphors, the drawbacks of conventional organic dyes for

Nanoarchitectonics to entrap living cells in silica-based systems: encapsulations with yolk–shell and sepiolite nanomaterials

• Celia Martín-Morales,
• Jorge Fernández-Méndez,
• Pilar Aranda and
• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 522–534, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.43

• –alginate biohybrid beads strongly limit the diffusion of metabolites, as we determined by means of diffusion studies using Congo red and crystal violet dyes (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S1). It can be concluded that the developed sepiolite–biopolymer nanostructured materials exhibit interesting

Conjugated photothermal materials and structure design for solar steam generation

• Chia-Yang Lin and
• Tsuyoshi Michinobu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 454–466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.36

• dyes, such as cyanines, croconaines, and diketopyrrolopyrroles (DPPs), have been evaluated for PTMs because of their intense absorption in the NIR range. These materials consist of long conjugated groups that are bridging electron donors or acceptors. The absorption properties of these PTMs can be

• conjugated structures are often adapted. For example, it is known that chromophores, such as rylene-based dyes and donor–acceptor conjugated frameworks, can extend the absorption band range and enhance the photostability [26]. DPP dyes have a strong optical absorption and offer easy alteration of their

• photophysical properties and hydrophobicity through organic reactions. In general, DPP dyes have high photoluminescence quantum yields, but they have a relatively low photostability, degrading after 150 min under a collimated 300 W Xe lamp light source. It was previously reported that introducing electron