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Search for "morphology" in Full Text gives 200 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry.

Inhibition of peptide aggregation by means of enzymatic phosphorylation

  • Kristin Folmert,
  • Malgorzata Broncel,
  • Hans v. Berlepsch,
  • Christopher H. Ullrich,
  • Mary-Ann Siegert and
  • Beate Koksch

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2462–2470, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.240

Graphical Abstract
  • multiple conditions [1]. The morphology ranges from liquid crystals to ribbons, rigid nanotubes and funnels [2]. Although amyloid aggregates are mostly known for pathologic events like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease or type two diabetes [3][4][5][6], they also combine the potential for applications
  • , in which no lag time was observed. To discover the morphology of the amyloid fibrils, a TEM (transmission electron micrograph) was obtained at 24 hours of incubation (Figure 3a). The TEM shows typical amyloid morphologies such as extended tubular fibers, some of them ending in funnels. The
  • position of the phosphate group can influence the amyloid formation and even the morphology of the formed fibrils [54][64]. Determining the relative contributions of the above factors to the role of phosphorylation in the amyloid forming pathway is a major challenge, however, crucial for the molecular
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Published 18 Nov 2016

High performance p-type molecular electron donors for OPV applications via alkylthiophene catenation chromophore extension

  • Paul B. Geraghty,
  • Calvin Lee,
  • Jegadesan Subbiah,
  • Wallace W. H. Wong,
  • James L. Banal,
  • Mohammed A. Jameel,
  • Trevor A. Smith and
  • David J. Jones

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2298–2314, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.223

Graphical Abstract
  • −2, Voc = 0.90 V, FF 74.1% and PCE of 9.3% [14], showing the batch to batch reproducibility in device data for molecular materials. Except for BMR, the FFs for SVA devices lie above 70%, indicating excellent morphology development. The best device contains BQR with a PCE of 9.4% and a Jsc = 15.3 mA
  • those for BTR, except for a significant drop in Voc to 0.88 V from 0.92 V. One can only speculate on the cause of the Voc drop until further structural characterisation of the thin films is completed. The poor Jsc and FF for the BT8R devices indicates a poor development of morphology and indicates that
  • BHJ devices leads to an improvement in overall device performance [22]. The underlying reason for the improved performance in these ternary devices is not yet clear with a combination of favourable morphology, energy level cascading and recombination in the ternary blend being suggested [23][24
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Published 02 Nov 2016

Comparing blends and blocks: Synthesis of partially fluorinated diblock polythiophene copolymers to investigate the thermal stability of optical and morphological properties

  • Pierre Boufflet,
  • Sebastian Wood,
  • Jessica Wade,
  • Zhuping Fei,
  • Ji-Seon Kim and
  • Martin Heeney

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2150–2163, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.205

Graphical Abstract
  • thin-film microstructure playing such a key role in the optoelectronic and charge transport properties of conjugated polymers, block copolymers naturally appear as useful tools for tailoring the thin-film morphology [1][2][3][4][5]. The propensity of some block copolymers to phase segregate at the nano
  • , the morphology of the resulting ternary blend film can be more stable over long periods of time, even under thermal annealing [14][20][21]. However, the synthesis of block copolymers can be difficult to control, particularly in the case of step-growth polymerizations that are often used to synthesize
  • key role in the morphology control and the self-assembly behavior of these polymers [7][22][23]. The Grignard Metathesis (GRIM) polymerization, also known as the Kumada catalyst transfer polymerisation (KCTP), is a popular method to synthesize conjugated block copolymers because its chain growth
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Published 10 Oct 2016

Hydroxy-functionalized hyper-cross-linked ultra-microporous organic polymers for selective CO2 capture at room temperature

  • Partha Samanta,
  • Priyanshu Chandra and
  • Sujit K. Ghosh

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 1981–1986, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.185

Graphical Abstract
  • S4). To investigate the morphology of both compounds we performed a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) study. The morphology of HCP-91 can be described as agglomerated particles consisting of small particles without any distinct shape (Figure 2c and Figure S5). But in case of HCP-94
  • , a clear capsule-type of morphology was found in the FESEM (Figure 2d and Figure S6). After all characterizations and proper desolvation of both compounds, we investigated their porosity. First, we measured the N2 adsorption at 77 K. The N2 uptake for HCP-91 was found to be 595 mL/g, whereas that for
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Published 02 Sep 2016

Synthesis and characterization of fluorinated azadipyrromethene complexes as acceptors for organic photovoltaics

  • Forrest S. Etheridge,
  • Roshan J. Fernando,
  • Sandra Pejić,
  • Matthias Zeller and
  • Geneviève Sauvé

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 1925–1938, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.182

Graphical Abstract
  • higher FF, and a lower Jsc. The lower Jsc may be due to several factors, including purity, film thickness, morphology and charge recombination differences. Further studies are underway to better understand these results and will be reported separately. Conclusion In conclusion, four fluorinated WS3
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Published 29 Aug 2016

Effect of the π-conjugation length on the properties and photovoltaic performance of A–π–D–π–A type oligothiophenes with a 4,8-bis(thienyl)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene core

  • Ni Yin,
  • Lilei Wang,
  • Yi Lin,
  • Jinduo Yi,
  • Lingpeng Yan,
  • Junyan Dou,
  • Hai-Bo Yang,
  • Xin Zhao and
  • Chang-Qi Ma

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 1788–1797, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.169

Graphical Abstract
  • best performance for cells based on COOP-capped BDT derivatives [21][22][23][35][36][37]. Surface morphology of the blended films The surface morphology of the COOP-nHT-TBDT:PC61BM films was scrutinized with atomic force microscopy (AFM). Figure 4 depicts the topological images of the blended films
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Published 10 Aug 2016

Rearrangements of organic peroxides and related processes

  • Ivan A. Yaremenko,
  • Vera A. Vil’,
  • Dmitry V. Demchuk and
  • Alexander O. Terent’ev

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 1647–1748, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.162

Graphical Abstract
  • Baeyer–Villiger rearrangement of 2-adamantanone (45с) was performed using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and stannosilicate zeolites with nanosheet morphology and MFI topology (Sn-MFI-ns) as highly efficient catalysts [249]. The Sn-beta zeolites prepared by a steam-assisted conversion method are efficient
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Published 03 Aug 2016

Synthesis and characterization of benzodithiophene and benzotriazole-based polymers for photovoltaic applications

  • Desta Gedefaw,
  • Marta Tessarolo,
  • Margherita Bolognesi,
  • Mario Prosa,
  • Renee Kroon,
  • Wenliu Zhuang,
  • Patrik Henriksson,
  • Kim Bini,
  • Ergang Wang,
  • Michele Muccini,
  • Mirko Seri and
  • Mats R. Andersson

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 1629–1637, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.160

Graphical Abstract
  • surpassing the 10% milestone. It has also been possible to achieve improved PCE by using multi-junction structures (e.g., tandem) [5][6][7][8]. The continued development of new active materials with desired properties, understanding of nanoscale morphology and device architecture is expected to push the PCE
  • corresponding optimized blends by tapping-mode atomic force microscope (AFM) (Figure 5). The surface morphology of the films is quite different, reflecting the trend of the photovoltaic responses. In particular, the topographic image of the 1:2 (wt/wt) PTzBDT-1:PC61BM film (Figure 5A) is characterized by an
  • responsible for the generation of a suboptimal BHJ morphology. Experimental General Size exclusion chromatography was performed on Waters Alliance GPCV2000 with a refractive index detector, with columns: Waters Styragel® HT 6E×1, Waters Styragel® HMW 6E×2. The eluent was 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene and the
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Published 01 Aug 2016

Marine-derived myxobacteria of the suborder Nannocystineae: An underexplored source of structurally intriguing and biologically active metabolites

  • Antonio Dávila-Céspedes,
  • Peter Hufendiek,
  • Max Crüsemann,
  • Till F. Schäberle and
  • Gabriele M. König

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 969–984, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.96

Graphical Abstract
  • been published in terms of their morphology, physiology and ecology [2][4][6][7]. Recently, ever more myxobacteria from intertidal and marine environments were reported. According to salt requirements for growth, a straightforward classification of these bacteria has been provided [8]: (I) halotolerant
  • morphological features may deviate from the ones of terrestrial strains and are not well known. Thus, in order to use marine-derived myxobacteria as a source of bioactive metabolites, in-depth studies of their morphology and physiology are necessary. From the available genetic and chemical data, the potential
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Published 13 May 2016

Stimuli-responsive HBPS-g-PDMAEMA and its application as nanocarrier in loading hydrophobic molecules

  • Yongsheng Chen,
  • Li Wang,
  • Haojie Yu,
  • Zain-Ul-Abdin,
  • Ruoli Sun,
  • Guanghui Jing,
  • Rongbai Tong and
  • Zheng Deng

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 939–949, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.92

Graphical Abstract
  • depends on the formation or breakdown of hydrogen bonds between polymer chains and water molecules as well as entropically driven effects. Figure 2C shows TEM images of HBPS-g-PDMAEMA aggregates. It was observed that the morphology of aggregates is inhomogeneous and the aggregates were composed of
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Published 10 May 2016

Separation and identification of indene–C70 bisadduct isomers

  • Bolong Zhang,
  • Jegadesan Subbiah,
  • David J. Jones and
  • Wallace W. H. Wong

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 903–911, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.88

Graphical Abstract
  • favorable molecular packing in the active layer due to crystalline isomer fraction 9-1 as well as nanoscale phase separation morphology (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S16d) of active layer blend [14]. The other fullerene fractions (2, 3 and 9-1) showed the moderate device performance with short
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Published 06 May 2016

Antibiotics from predatory bacteria

  • Juliane Korp,
  • María S. Vela Gurovic and
  • Markus Nett

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 594–607, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.58

Graphical Abstract
  • features in the class Chloroflexi comprise a filamentous morphology and gliding motility. The associated bacteria stain Gram-negative, albeit lacking a lipopolysaccharide-containing outer membrane [117], and they typically grow phototrophically under anoxic conditions [118]. In stark contrast to its
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Published 30 Mar 2016

My maize and blue brick road to physical organic chemistry in materials

  • Anne J. McNeil

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 229–238, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.24

Graphical Abstract
  • gelators. To test this hypothesis, we used crystal morphology prediction tools to identify needle-shaped crystals in the CSD. Graduate student Kelsey (King) Carter and undergraduate student Sarah Cox predicted the morphologies of 186 Pb(II)-containing crystals. Focusing on the top 5% and selecting stable
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Published 08 Feb 2016

Effective immobilisation of a metathesis catalyst bearing an ammonium-tagged NHC ligand on various solid supports

  • Krzysztof Skowerski,
  • Jacek Białecki,
  • Stefan J. Czarnocki,
  • Karolina Żukowska and
  • Karol Grela

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 5–15, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.2

Graphical Abstract
  • CH2Cl2 solution with c-hexane, can provide solid catalyst 8 as a fine powder exhibiting activity in RCM comparable with that observed for immobilised 8-C*. The morphology of the obtained materials is presented in Figure 4. Next, we aimed to test the activity of the obtained heterogenised 8 in the model
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Published 05 Jan 2016

Polydisperse methyl β-cyclodextrin–epichlorohydrin polymers: variable contact time 13C CP-MAS solid-state NMR characterization

  • Isabelle Mallard,
  • Davy Baudelet,
  • Franca Castiglione,
  • Monica Ferro,
  • Walter Panzeri,
  • Enzio Ragg and
  • Andrea Mele

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 2785–2794, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.299

Graphical Abstract
  • atoms of the other polymers. This latter point confirms that the polymer synthesis provides homogeneous materials, without micro-heterogeneities or remarkable morphology changes. We are currently extending this methodology – the combined use of TCH and T1ρ – in order to provide a general approach for
  • the characterization of the imprinting features of this class of sorbent materials. CP-MAS NMR spectra of CRYSMEB-EP polymers can be easily collected providing sufficient resolution for assignment of C signals. The exploration of the dynamic behavior and the molecular morphology of the examined
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Published 30 Dec 2015

Recent advances in metathesis-derived polymers containing transition metals in the side chain

  • Ileana Dragutan,
  • Valerian Dragutan,
  • Bogdan C. Simionescu,
  • Albert Demonceau and
  • Helmut Fischer

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 2747–2762, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.296

Graphical Abstract
  • 4 with ferricenium hexafluorophosphate led to a stable biferrocenium polymer while oxidation with Au(III) or Ag(I) allowed the formation of networks with nanosnake morphology, consisting of mixed-valent Fe(II)–Fe(III) polymers that encapsulate metal (Au or Ag) nanoparticles (NPs). These polymers
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Published 28 Dec 2015

Synthesis and photophysical characteristics of polyfluorene polyrotaxanes

  • Aurica Farcas,
  • Giulia Tregnago,
  • Ana-Maria Resmerita,
  • Pierre-Henri Aubert and
  • Franco Cacialli

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 2677–2688, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.288

Graphical Abstract
  • polyrotaxane compounds exhibit a granular morphology with lower dispersity and smaller roughness exponent of the film surfaces in comparison with those of the neat copolymer 3. Keywords: energy band gaps; fluorescence lifetimes; permethylated cyclodextrins; polyfluorene; polyrotaxanes; Introduction Over the
  • into TM-βCD or TM-γCD cavities (1·TM-βCD and 1·TM-γCD) with 9,9-dioctylfluorene-2,7-diboronic acid bis(1,3-propanediol) ester (2), as bulky stopper units [43]. The thermal, surface morphology, optical as well electrochemical characteristics of both polyrotaxanes were compared to those of the non
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Published 21 Dec 2015

Preparation of Pickering emulsions through interfacial adsorption by soft cyclodextrin nanogels

  • Shintaro Kawano,
  • Toshiyuki Kida,
  • Mitsuru Akashi,
  • Hirofumi Sato,
  • Motohiro Shizuma and
  • Daisuke Ono

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 2355–2364, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.257

Graphical Abstract
  • particle morphology. Dilute solutions were prepared and deposited onto a copper grid covered by a carbon membrane at ambient temperature. The electronic contrast of the specimen was enhanced by labeling with ammonium molybdate. Surface tension The surface tension of the aqueous solution was measured using
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Published 30 Nov 2015

Self-assemblies of γ-CDs with pentablock copolymers PMA-PPO-PEO-PPO-PMA and endcapping via atom transfer radical polymerization of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine

  • Jing Lin,
  • Tao Kong,
  • Lin Ye,
  • Ai-ying Zhang and
  • Zeng-guo Feng

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 2267–2277, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.247

Graphical Abstract
  • copolymers able to form unique polymeric micelles in aqueous solution before the self-assembly with γ-CDs, as compared to PHEMA-PPO-PEO-PPO-PHEMA. The morphology of self-assembled aggregates of PMA-PPO-PEO-PPO-PMA in aqueous solution was observed by TEM. As shown in Figure S3, Supporting Information File 1
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Published 23 Nov 2015

Polythiophene and oligothiophene systems modified by TTF electroactive units for organic electronics

  • Alexander L. Kanibolotsky,
  • Neil J. Findlay and
  • Peter J. Skabara

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 1749–1766, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.191

Graphical Abstract
  • materials being greatly affected by film morphology. The electropolymerisation technique creates a simple test for the viability of a certain structural motif in the PT chain and is considered both as a potential route for the synthesis of a new functional CP and also as a method for the modification of an
  • -electrochemical investigation of the polymer film is straightforward; 4) it provides control over the morphology through the choice of solvent, electrolyte and/or the method of electrodeposition. TTF has been incorporated into a CP backbone by electropolymerisation of its bis(EDOT) derivative to afford polymer 2
  • to the tightly packed grain morphology of the film cast from chlorobenzene with small sized crystalline domains (Figure 4). On the contrary, using chloroform the high solvation energy of the TTF unit and the carbonyl groups of the DPP moieties made the rate of nucleation lower compared to the rate of
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Published 28 Sep 2015

The synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) using continuous flow chemistry

  • Marcus Baumann and
  • Ian R. Baxendale

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 1194–1219, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.134

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Published 17 Jul 2015

Thiazole-induced rigidification in substituted dithieno-tetrathiafulvalene: the effect of planarisation on charge transport properties

  • Rupert G. D. Taylor,
  • Joseph Cameron,
  • Iain A. Wright,
  • Neil Thomson,
  • Olena Avramchenko,
  • Alexander L. Kanibolotsky,
  • Anto R. Inigo,
  • Tell Tuttle and
  • Peter J. Skabara

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 1148–1154, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.129

Graphical Abstract
  • suggests that the improvement in OFET performance with the addition of PFBT is due to improved charge injection, rather than an improvement in the morphology of the film. The OFETs were tested for n-type mobility but there was no field-effect observed. Interestingly, despite OFETs fabricated from compound
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Published 10 Jul 2015

Synthesis of photoresponsive cholesterol-based azobenzene organogels: dependence on different spacer lengths

  • Yuchun Ren,
  • Bin Wang and
  • Xiuqing Zhang

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 1089–1095, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.122

Graphical Abstract
  • to gel phase transition under visible irradiation. The corresponding visual images are shown in Figure 3. Scanning electron microscopy studies To obtain a visual insight into the morphology of the aggregation mode, the typical structures of the xerogels prepared by the freeze-drying of the three gels
  • . Obviously, the gel from ethanol mainly shows a similar flower-like morphology. When we focused on the isopropanol xerogel, we could see that there are many regularly three-dimensional network structures. In 1-butanol, the organogelator molecules in the gel phase were self-assembled into tightly staked rods
  • spectroscopy (IR) was measured on a Nicolet 6700 spectrometer from 4000 to 500 cm−1 at room temperature. The samples were prepared as KBr pellets. The morphology of the gel samples were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM, S5200, FEI Company) under an acceleration voltage of 30 kV. UV–vis absorption
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Published 29 Jun 2015

Properties of PTFE tape as a semipermeable membrane in fluorous reactions

  • Brendon A. Parsons,
  • Olivia Lin Smith,
  • Myeong Chae and
  • Veljko Dragojlovic

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 980–993, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.110

Graphical Abstract
  • , and that study into the morphology of PTFE was needed [30]. To better understand how bulk and tape PTFE perform, we investigated their properties with respect to some common reagents and reaction conditions. In this paper, which was designed as a preliminary study, we attempted to establish general
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Published 09 Jun 2015

Tuning of tetrathiafulvalene properties: versatile synthesis of N-arylated monopyrrolotetrathiafulvalenes via Ullmann-type coupling reactions

  • Vladimir A. Azov,
  • Diana Janott,
  • Dirk Schlüter and
  • Matthias Zeller

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 860–868, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.96

Graphical Abstract
  • contacts involve the central parts of neighbouring molecules, thus connecting them with each other and leading to formation of supramolecular layers. Parallel layers are only loosely bound to each other [33]. This layered arrangement manifests itself in the crystal morphology: all Ar-MPTTF derivatives
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Published 21 May 2015
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