Functional fibrillar interfaces: Biological hair as inspiration across scales

• Guillermo J. Amador,
• Brett Klaassen van Oorschot,
• Caiying Liao,
• Jianing Wu and
• Da Wei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 664–677, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.55

• is exemplified by hair's resistance to heat transfer in humans [4][24], and the role of hair in sensing mates by male mosquitoes [25]. Additionally, plants may exhibit hair-like fibrillar structures, such as the nanometer-thick mastigonemes on the flagella of microalgae [26] and the high-aspect-ratio

Laser synthesis of nanoparticles in organic solvents – products, reactions, and perspectives

• Theo Fromme,
• Sven Reichenberger,
• Katharine M. Tibbetts and
• Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 638–663, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.54

• radical cations can participate in various reactions such as dehydration, dimerization, and hydrogen transfer before recombination [112][113][114]. This was recently shown for fs-laser irradiation of C5 to C11 alkanes by Ishikawa et al., who reported C–C bond formation. They analyzed the formed products

• proposed a mechanism of electron transfer from the solvent, which produced acetone as a by-product. Since this transfer is not possible in water and only plasma reactions are available, Ag could not nucleate during LRL in water because of the oxidizing activity of hydroxyl radicals [121]. Overall, LSPC in

Stiffness calibration of qPlus sensors at low temperature through thermal noise measurements

• Laurent Nony,
• Sylvain Clair,
• Daniel Uehli,
• Aitziber Herrero,
• Jean-Marc Themlin,
• Andrea Campos,
• Franck Para,
• Alessandro Pioda and
• Christian Loppacher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 580–602, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.50

Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light by cobalt ferrite nanoparticles/graphene quantum dots

• Vo Chau Ngoc Anh,
• Le Thi Thanh Nhi,
• Le Thi Kim Dung,
• Dang Thi Ngoc Hoa,
• Nguyen Truong Son,
• Nguyen Thi Thao Uyen,
• Nguyen Ngoc Uyen Thu,
• Le Van Thanh Son,
• Le Trung Hieu,
• Tran Ngoc Tuyen and
• Dinh Quang Khieu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 475–489, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.43

• simple electron transfer process [34]. If the •OH radicals play a crucial role in the MB degradation, the reaction rate is expected to decrease significantly. As depicted in Figure 8a, adding an excess amount of 10 mM IPA to the reaction mixture significantly suppresses the MB degradation (by ca. 28.5

• anions through a simple electron transfer process [37]. The photocatalytic degradation of MB is mildly affected by BQ (decolourisation efficiency drops by 13.5%, indicating the influence of during the photocatalytic degradation of MB [37]. The mineralisation of MB was estimated with COD measurements

• photocorrosion and exhibits excellent reusability for the degradation process. The mechanism of MB degradation over the CF/GQDs catalyst is illustrated in Scheme 2. Under visible light irradiation, photogenerated holes (h+) are created in the valence bands via the transfer of photogenerated electrons (e−) from

Superconducting spin valve effect in Co/Pb/Co heterostructures with insulating interlayers

• Andrey A. Kamashev,
• Nadir N. Garif’yanov,
• Aidar A. Validov,
• Vladislav Kataev,
• Alexander S. Osin,
• Yakov V. Fominov and
• Ilgiz A. Garifullin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 457–464, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.41

• the magnetization of the Co1 layer. The layers were deposited using electron beam evaporation (Co, Pb) and AC sputtering (Si3N4). The deposition setup had a load-lock station with vacuum shutters, allowing one to transfer the sample holder without breaking the ultrahigh vacuum in the deposition

Sidewall angle tuning in focused electron beam-induced processing

• Sangeetha Hari,
• Willem F. van Dorp,
• Johannes J. L. Mulders,
• Piet H. F. Trompenaars,
• Pieter Kruit and
• Cornelis W. Hagen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 447–456, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.40

• Gaussian cross section will lead to pattern infidelity in subsequent pattern transfer into the underlying substrate. The aim of this work is to use FEBIE to modify the sidewalls of as-deposited FEBID lines in order to obtain vertical sidewalls. The paper is organised as follows. First, the idea is

Unveiling the nature of atomic defects in graphene on a metal surface

• Karl Rothe,
• Nicolas Néel and
• Jörg Kröger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 416–425, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.37

• from STS experiments [49][50][51], it is lower than the energy observed in photoemission experiments [52]. A possible rationale is the locally lifted graphene in the presence of the tip [53], which in turn decreases the charge transfer from graphene to the metal and reduces the p-doping [52] and

• ], hybridization of the graphene defect with the metal possibly induces electron transfer into graphene giving rise to local n-doping and the Dirac cone below EF. In addition, the distortion of the graphene lattice that accompanies the increased hybridization with the surface may explain the dim rim of the vacancy

Classification and application of metal-based nanoantioxidants in medicine and healthcare

• Nguyen Nhat Nam,
• Nguyen Khoi Song Tran,
• Tan Tai Nguyen,
• Nguyen Ngoc Trai,
• Nguyen Phuong Thuy,
• Hoang Dang Khoa Do,
• Nhu Hoa Thi Tran and
• Kieu The Loan Trinh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 396–415, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.36

• antioxidant appearing in low-density lipoprotein and human blood plasma contributing to the decrease of oxidative stress. Its mechanism of action relies on the ability to transfer the phenolic H atom to a peroxyl radical (ROO•) much more rapidly than the propagation reactions [50][51][52][53]. Despite the

On the mechanism of piezoresistance in nanocrystalline graphite

• Sandeep Kumar,
• Simone Dehm and
• Ralph Krupke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 376–384, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.34

• transfer is required on glass in an aqueous medium [26]. Third, NCG fills the cracks present at the edges during spin coating the polymer and inhibits their propagation during the bending of the substrate. Raman spectroscopy is a powerful method to detect strain in graphene, which can be determined from

• measured thickness of the grown film was ca. 5 nm. The NCG film was then transferred onto a 100 μm thick PET substrate. For the transfer process, first, the NCG film on SiO2/Si was coated with 200 nm thick PMMA and put into 5 M NaOH solution at 80 °C. The NCG/PMMA film floats on the surface after the

• PET substrate. After that, the substrate was left in air for drying. Next, a drop of PMMA was dripped on top of the film and allowed to spread and dry. This has been shown to be helpful in removing wrinkles formed during the transfer process [46]. The NCG film on the PET substrate was then patterned

Investigating ripple pattern formation and damage profiles in Si and Ge induced by 100 keV Ar⁺ ion beam: a comparative study

• Indra Sulania,
• Harpreet Sondhi,
• Tanuj Kumar,
• Sunil Ojha,
• G R Umapathy,
• Ambuj Mishra,
• Ambuj Tripathi,
• Richa Krishna,
• Devesh Kumar Avasthi and
• Yogendra Kumar Mishra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 367–375, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.33

• subsequently transfers its energy to the atoms of the target material in all the collisions and finally stops. When this energy transfer is sufficient, a displacement of atoms from their equilibrium positions creating a vacancy or a recoil occurs. Alternatively, if the ion energy is high enough such recoils

• , which confirms the near surface amorphization in Si in comparison to Ge. The main defects are the point defects such as interstitials and vacancies produced due to energy transfer between the incoming ions and the target atoms (Figure 6). The range of defect depths calculated from RBS-c spectra for Ar

Modulated critical currents of spin-transfer torque-induced resistance changes in NiCu/Cu multilayered nanowires

• Mengqi Fu,
• Roman Hartmann,
• Julian Braun,
• Sergej Andreev,
• Torsten Pietsch and
• Elke Scheer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 360–366, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.32

• oscillatory manner by the magnetic field in the nanowire-based devices. We present a toy model to qualitatively explain these observations. Keywords: AAO template; critical current; multilayered magnetic nanowires; spin-transfer torque; three-dimensional devices; Introduction Spin-transfer torque (STT) has

Nanomedicines against Chagas disease: a critical review

• Maria Jose Morilla,
• Kajal Ghosal and
• Eder Lilia Romero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 333–349, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.30

• hydroxylamine intermediates in a two-step, two-electron transfer reaction, culminating in 4,5-dihydro-4,5-dihydroxyimidazole, whose breakdown releases the reactive dialdehyde glyoxal, which, in the presence of guanosine, generates guanosine–glyoxal adducts. These reactive metabolites are toxic to the parasite

Determining by Raman spectroscopy the average thickness and N-layer-specific surface coverages of MoS₂ thin films with domains much smaller than the laser spot size

• Felipe Wasem Klein,
• Jean-Roch Huntzinger,
• Vincent Astié,
• Damien Voiry,
• Romain Parret,
• Houssine Makhlouf,
• Sandrine Juillaguet,
• Jean-Manuel Decams,
• Sylvie Contreras,
• Périne Landois,
• Ahmed-Azmi Zahab,
• Jean-Louis Sauvajol and
• Matthieu Paillet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 279–296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.26

• when using precise transfer or AFM tip manipulation techniques [20], twisted MoS2 can be formed with two adjacent layers stacked with a relative twist angle (θ) varying from 0 to 60°. Such twisted-layered MoS2 structures can exhibit a variety of interesting physical properties including unconventional

Design, fabrication, and characterization of kinetic-inductive force sensors for scanning probe applications

• August K. Roos,
• Ermes Scarano,
• Elisabet K. Arvidsson,
• Erik Holmgren and
• David B. Haviland

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 242–255, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.23

• photolithography defines the coarse circuit features in the superconducting film, such as coplanar waveguide, ground planes, and signal line. We use the same recipe as in steps (b) and (c) to define a resist etch mask; after development, we transfer the pattern into the superconducting film with a CF4/O2 reactive

Multiscale modelling of biomolecular corona formation on metallic surfaces

• Parinaz Mosaddeghi Amini,
• Ian Rouse,
• Julia Subbotina and
• Vladimir Lobaskin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 215–229, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.21

• reactivity, sensitivity of NPs, as well as their cellular uptake and systemic transfer [21]. However, in order to develop predictive models, a deeper understanding of the interactions at the bionano interface and their relationship to material and protein properties is necessary. Gathering more information

Ion beam processing of DNA origami nanostructures

• Leo Sala,
• Agnes Zerolová,
• Violaine Vizcaino,
• Alain Mery,
• Alicja Domaracka,
• Hermann Rothard,
• Philippe Boduch,
• Dominik Pinkas and
• Jaroslav Kocišek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 207–214, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.20

• , we have observed the stability of DNA origami nanotriangles in dry and aqueous conditions upon exposure to high doses of ionizing radiation in the low linear energy transfer (LET) regime [17]. These results demonstrate DNA origami’s suitability for fundamental studies with ionizing radiation and now

• nanostructure height must be associated with the energy transfer within the DNA nanostructure or highly localized effects, such as thermal and pressure shock waves in the vicinity of the track [40]. We are now preparing experiments to explore this issue. The formation of craters on the nanostructures was

• irradiation in air The higher-energy irradiation 56Fe25+ (60 MeV/u) could only be performed in air and at lower fluences to avoid heating of the sample due to high energy transfer to the substrate as well as to avoid activation of irradiated components. Figure 1B shows AFM images of samples irradiated with

CdSe/ZnS quantum dots as a booster in the active layer of distributed ternary organic photovoltaics

• Gabriela Lewińska,
• Piotr Jeleń,
• Zofia Kucia,
• Maciej Sitarz,
• Łukasz Walczak,
• Bartłomiej Szafraniak,
• Jerzy Sanetra and
• Konstanty W. Marszalek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 144–156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.14

• , the effect of quantum dots in the spectrum is not apparent, indicating that the transitions in the mixture are quenched. This suppression is a result of energy transfer, which necessitates electron clouds of atoms or chemical groups to exhibit overlapping regions. During energy transfer, an electron

• moves from the donor to the acceptor and occupies the acceptor’s least occupied orbital. As a consequence of this energy transfer, the donor returns from an excited state to its ground state, while the acceptor remains in its ground state due to its higher electronegativity. This absence of excited

• equal to or greater than the binding energy of singlet and triplet excitons. The energy levels system of the considered devices with QDs determines the optimal photocurrent of dissociation for most singlet excitons, which require at least 0.07 eV energy [64]. The production of charge-transfer carrier

Enhanced feedback performance in off-resonance AFM modes through pulse train sampling

• Mustafa Kangül,
• Navid Asmari,
• Santiago H. Andany,
• Marcos Penedo and
• Georg E. Fantner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 134–143, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.13

• File 1, Figure S1A). In order to investigate the frequency response of the feedback controller, we define the closed-loop transfer function between error, E(s), and disturbance, D(s), in the Laplace domain as in Equation 2, where Tort, Tdelay, Ki denote the ORT period, the delay, and the integral gain

• , respectively (derivation of the formula is provided in Supporting Information File 1). The non-zero delay in the closed-loop system forms a second-order transfer function, which can exhibit a high-amplitude resonance peak in the closed loop, potentially leading to instabilities, depending on Tort, Tdelay, and

In situ optical sub-wavelength thickness control of porous anodic aluminum oxide

• Aleksandrs Dutovs,
• Raimonds Popļausks,
• Oskars Putāns,
• Vladislavs Perkanuks,
• Aušrinė Jurkevičiūtė,
• Tomas Tamulevičius,
• Uldis Malinovskis,
• Iryna Olyshevets,
• Donats Erts and
• Juris Prikulis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 126–133, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.12

• consistently manufacturing PAAO with the targeted thickness. An electrochemical cell with an optical window was designed for reflectance spectroscopy of PAAO during anodization. Real-time fitting of spectra to a transfer-matrix model enabled continuous monitoring of the thickness growth of the PAAO layer

• the reflectance spectra to a multilayer model of a water–PAAO–aluminum system using the transfer-matrix method (TMM) [22]. Previously, TMM has been employed only for post-production thickness analysis of PAAO-based stratified systems [13][23]. In the present study, it allowed for continuous in situ

• , temperature, voltage, and sample geometry) were found to be less than 1 nm/s. Together with spectrum acquisition, data transfer, and other tasks, it was possible to extract hPAAO values at 0.2 s intervals, which resulted in sub-nanometer sampling resolution of hPAAO. However, it is important to note that

Assessing phytotoxicity and tolerance levels of ZnO nanoparticles on Raphanus sativus: implications for widespread adoptions

• Pathirannahalage Sahan Samuditha,
• Nadeesh Madusanka Adassooriya and
• Nazeera Salim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 115–125, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.11

• absorption peak below 400 nm due to the nanometric size effect of the synthesized ZnO and characteristic hexagonal ZnO NPs [32]. A broad band at 362 nm in the UV–vis spectrum was reported, indicating the formation of ZnO NPs, and it could be due to an electron transfer from the valence to the conduction band

Influence of conductive carbon and MnCo₂O₄ on morphological and electrical properties of hydrogels for electrochemical energy conversion

• Sylwia Pawłowska,
• Karolina Cysewska,
• Yasamin Ziai,
• Jakub Karczewski,
• Piotr Jasiński and
• Sebastian Molin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 57–70, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.6

• Rs corresponds to solution resistance, Rct is related to charge transfer resistance at the interface of the solution and the electrode material, while CPE is a constant phase element, which represents capacitive performance of the electrode. The circuit parameters and their standard deviations were

• , the results indicate that microporosity, and thus the electroactive surface area of the electrode, increases with a higher content of cCB in the hydrogel-MCO film. A slightly different trend can be observed for the charge transfer resistance Rct at the solution–film interface. The highest Rct is

• particles dispersed inside the structure of the hydrogel (75–90 mV/dec) (Figure 5c). Depending on the potential applied and the process condition, the water oxidation could be a one to four electron transfer process [57][58]. Tafel slope values in the range of 75–90 mV·dec−1 represent a possible mixed

Josephson dynamics and Shapiro steps at high transmissions: current bias regime

• Artem V. Galaktionov and
• Andrei D. Zaikin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 51–56, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.5

• T → 0 can flow across the junction. The situation becomes entirely different provided one goes beyond the tunneling limit and considers highly transparent superconducting weak links in which case the charge transfer is essentially controlled by the mechanism of multiple Andreev reflection [2]. This

Curcumin-loaded nanostructured systems for treatment of leishmaniasis: a review

• Douglas Dourado,
• Thayse Silva Medeiros,
• Éverton do Nascimento Alencar,
• Edijane Matos Sales and
• Fábio Rocha Formiga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 37–50, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.4

• of nanostructured curc in vivo. Also, clinical studies that prove the efficacy and safety of nanostructured curc must be conducted to encourage the transfer of these formulations to the therapeutic scenario. Based on the findings, polymeric nanoparticles reveal themselves to be a step ahead in the

TEM sample preparation of lithographically patterned permalloy nanostructures on silicon nitride membranes

• Joshua Williams,
• Michael I. Faley,
• Joseph Vimal Vas,
• Peng-Han Lu and
• Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1–12, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.1

• fabrication, stencil lithography employs a separate mask that is later aligned on the substrate and retains its aperture after the pattern transfer. This technique has advantages including simplicity in process, reusable masks, and the absence of resist masks. The latter eliminates common challenges

Spatial variations of conductivity of self-assembled monolayers of dodecanethiol on Au/mica and Au/Si substrates

• Julian Skolaut,
• Jędrzej Tepper,
• Federica Galli,
• Wulf Wulfhekel and
• Jan M. van Ruitenbeek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1169–1177, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.97

• warm ethanol. DDT SAMs were deposited onto these substrates by immersing them in a 10 mM solution of DDT in ethanol with subsequent incubation for 24 h. After transfer into a glovebox, the samples were rinsed with ethanol and dried. To improve the order of the SAMs, they were again immersed in 10 mM