Dumbbell gold nanoparticle dimer antennas with advanced optical properties

• Janning F. Herrmann and
• Christiane Höppener

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2188–2197, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.205

• maintained with sub-nanometer accuracy to 2–4 nm by means of a force feedback loop regulating on the frequency shift of the force sensor, which is excited at its resonance frequency. The fluorescence emission rate as a function of the antenna–sample distance is recorded with the feedback loop switched off

• sensor. Inset: SEM image of the CB[n] mediated dimer antenna attached to the pointed end of the glass tip. Scale bar: 100 nm. Antenna-enhanced fluorescence images of randomly distributed high-QY emitters on a glass surface imaged with dimer antennas with a gap size of 1.5 nm (A) and 1 nm (B), and a

Electrospun one-dimensional nanostructures: a new horizon for gas sensing materials

• Muhammad Imran,
• Nunzio Motta and
• Mahnaz Shafiei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2128–2170, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.202

• important active materials for gas sensing applications. Such highly sensitive and selective elements can be embedded in sensor nodes for internet-of-things applications or in mobile systems for continuous monitoring of air pollutants and greenhouse gases as well as for monitoring the well-being and health

• followed by death. Gas sensors are the primary devices used for the detection and monitoring of these pollutants. Employing nanotechnology in sensor applications has significantly improved the performance of such devices, providing enhanced sensitivity, selectivity, low power consumption and high

• sensors have found widespread commercial applications [91][92] due to their simplicity and enhanced gas sensing performance (high sensitivity, fast response/recovery and low operating temperature) and low cost. A typical conductometric gas sensor consists of an active sensing layer in which conductivity

Synthesis of hafnium nanoparticles and hafnium nanoparticle films by gas condensation and energetic deposition

• Irini Michelakaki,
• Nikos Boukos,
• Dimitrios A. Dragatogiannis,
• Spyros Stathopoulos,
• Costas A. Charitidis and
• Dimitris Tsoukalas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1868–1880, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.179

• demonstrate high catalytic activity during hydrogenation of levulinic acid [17], nickel NPs, which find application as electrochemical sensor [18], and cobalt NPs, which exhibit high magnetic anisotropy [19]. Recently, we have reported that hcp hafnium nanoparticles fabricated by inert-gas condensation, when

Quantitative comparison of wideband low-latency phase-locked loop circuit designs for high-speed frequency modulation atomic force microscopy

• Kazuki Miyata and
• Takeshi Fukuma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1844–1855, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.176

• improvements in bandwidth or resonance frequency of all of the components constituting the tip–sample distance regulation loop, such as the cantilever, cantilever excitation unit, cantilever deflection sensor, scanner, feedback controller, and phase-locked loop (PLL) circuit. In particular, the PLL circuit is

• excited and detected using a highly stable custom-built photothermal excitation system and low-noise optical beam deflection sensor, respectively [27][28][29][30]. The noise spectra shown below in Figure 8 were obtained using the commercially available AFM controller (ARC2, Asylum Research). Sample

• other components in the cantilever excitation loop such as the ADC/DAC, cantilever, cantilever excitation unit, and cantilever deflection sensor. The demodulated signal is output from the DAC and analyzed by an external frequency response analyzer. We used f0 values of 150 kHz and 3 MHz, which are

Tunable fractional Fourier transform implementation of electronic wave functions in atomically thin materials

• Daniela Dragoman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1828–1833, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.174

• currents/signals from waveguide or sensor arrays [29][30][31] (to mention only a few references). Indeed, the inverse scattering problem has extensive applications in everyday life, so that retrieval algorithms exist or can be adapted for virtually any situation. Conclusion In conclusion, a parabolic

Direct AFM-based nanoscale mapping and tomography of open-circuit voltages for photovoltaics

• Katherine Atamanuk,
• Justin Luria and
• Bryan D. Huey

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1802–1808, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.171

• including many sensor and solar cell designs. For thin film solar cells such as CdTe, the open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current are especially critical performance indicators, often varying between and even within individual grains. A new method for directly mapping the open-circuit voltage

Free-radical gases on two-dimensional transition-metal disulfides (XS₂, X = Mo/W): robust half-metallicity for efficient nitrogen oxide sensors

• Chunmei Zhang,
• Yalong Jiao,
• Fengxian Ma,
• Sri Kasi Matta,
• Steven Bottle and
• Aijun Du

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1641–1646, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.156

• the gas molecules remains unclear. In addition to MoS2, 2D WS2 is expected to be a more promising material as gas sensor because of its higher thermal stability and wider temperature range of operation [18]. Synthesized FETs layered with WS2 are also reported as attractive electronic devices [27

• , GaSe, SnS, SnSe, WSe and Bi2Se3 (Figure S1, Supporting Information File 1). To the best of our knowledge, our work is the first to propose a NO sensor by detecting spin transmission, which may probe a new prospect for gas sensing. Computational Methods The spin-polarized calculations for NO, NO2, and

• NOx onto MoS2, indicating highly thermal stability.” Conclusion We have presented monolayer XS2 (X = Mo, W) as NO sensor based on first principles studies. The adsorption sites and energy for NO and NO2 molecules on MoS2 or WS2 layers have been studied. The calculations were carried out with different

Photoluminescence of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots in nematic liquid crystals in electric fields

• Margarita A. Kurochkina,
• Elena A. Konshina and
• Daria Khmelevskaia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1544–1549, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.145

• demonstrate unique properties such as high quantum yield, narrow symmetric luminescence peak and high photostability, which are used in optical molecular sensor systems [1], bioanalysis [2], solar cells [3][4], and light-emitting devices [5]. The application of external electric fields to semiconductor NPs

Surface characterization of nanoparticles using near-field light scattering

• Eunsoo Yoo,
• Yizhong Liu,
• Chukwuazam A. Nwasike,
• Sebastian R. Freeman,
• Brian C. DiPaolo,
• Bernardo Cordovez and
• Amber L. Doiron

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1228–1238, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.114

• was restricted to 10 μL/min range using a proportional integral derivative (PID) controller and an in-line flow rate sensor. Nanoparticles that flow closer to the waveguide are usually trapped within the evanescent field and are pushed along the waveguide by laser radiation pressure. NLS custom

Electrodeposition of reduced graphene oxide with chitosan based on the coordination deposition method

• Mingyang Liu,
• Yanjun Chen,
• Chaoran Qin,
• Zheng Zhang,
• Shuai Ma,
• Xiuru Cai,
• Xueqian Li and
• Yifeng Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1200–1210, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.111

• both reveal that the electrodeposition method in this work provides a controllable means to fabricate the rGO nanocomposite films in different shapes. Electrodeposited HACC-rGO/CS films for electrochemical detection Graphene has drawn extensive interest in sensor applications due to its favorable

Scanning speed phenomenon in contact-resonance atomic force microscopy

• Christopher C. Glover,
• Jason P. Killgore and
• Ryan C. Tung

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 945–952, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.87

• cyanoacrylate. A razor blade was then used to cleave the sample, leaving behind a pristine sample surface. The sample was placed in a closed AFM flow-cell with an integrated relative humidity sensor. A cantilever with spring constant kL = 1.7 ± 0.2 N/m and first free resonance = 61.85 ± 0.1 kHz was mounted to

Facile chemical routes to mesoporous silver substrates for SERS analysis

• Elina A. Tastekova,
• Alexander Y. Polyakov,
• Anastasia E. Goldt,
• Alexander V. Sidorov,
• Alexandra A. Oshmyanskaya,
• Irina V. Sukhorukova,
• Dmitry V. Shtansky,
• Wolgang Grünert and
• Anastasia V. Grigorieva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 880–889, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.82

• long time in air. Mesoporous noble metals are mostly used as catalysts for high surface energy, gas sensor components, cell imaging mediators, etc. [5]. The most popular methods for mesoporous metal processing include acidic etching of bimetallic molts [6], electrochemical dealloying [7

Perfusion double-channel micropipette probes for oxygen flux mapping with single-cell resolution

• Yang Gao,
• Bin Li,
• Riju Singhal,
• Adam Fontecchio,
• Ben Pelleg,
• Zulfiya Orynbayeva,
• Yury Gogotsi and
• Gary Friedman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 850–860, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.79

• to employ a system where linear oxygen gradients are measured by moving a sensor along a small tube with the embryo (a group of cells) at one end [34]. This technique demonstrated the ability to measure respiration rates of around 0.7 fmol/s, which is 100–1000 times faster than typical oxygen

• increased pipette diameter One influence of the pipette is the confinement of oxygen diffusion within it. Oxygen can diffuse freely along the pipette axis (z-axis as in Figure 3a), but remains confined by the pipette walls. To demonstrate the effect of this confined diffusion, consider a small oxygen sensor

• solution in water at room temperature and the oxygen concentration at the specific point under investigation) obtained by the sensor positioned at the tip of the pipette has around 1.5 times greater signal than the same size sensor placed at the same distance away from the cell, but without the pipette

Surface-plasmon-enhanced ultraviolet emission of Au-decorated ZnO structures for gas sensing and photocatalytic devices

• T. Anh Thu Do,
• Truong Giang Ho,
• Thu Hoai Bui,
• Quang Ngan Pham,
• Hong Thai Giang,
• Thi Thu Do,
• Duc Van Nguyen and
• Dai Lam Tran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 771–779, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.70

• . Keywords: Au-decorated ZnO; carrier dynamics; gas sensors; photocatalyst; SPR effect; Introduction Inorganic transition metal oxide sensor devices have attracted attention in particular for improving gas sensing, energy conversion, electronics, photocatalysis and optoelectronic devices [1][2][3][4]. Among

• quantity of active electrons involved in the surface response plays a key role for the sensor performance. The incorporation of noble metal nanostructures such as gold (Au) into ZnO surfaces is considered as an effective way to enhance the gas sensing response and to reduce the operation temperature and

• and reasonably fast response/recovery time were reported for a gas sensor based on Au-decorated ZnO structures. The highest selectivity towards NO2 was compared to other combustion gases such as CO, and C3H8. In addition, the photocatalytic decomposition of organic dyes under sunlight using PL

The effect of atmospheric doping on pressure-dependent Raman scattering in supported graphene

• Egor A. Kolesov,
• Mikhail S. Tivanov,
• Olga V. Korolik,
• Olesya O. Kapitanova,
• Xiao Fu,
• Hak Dong Cho,
• Tae Won Kang and
• Gennady N Panin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 704–710, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.65

• counterbalance the excess charge carriers. In addition, it turned out that atmosphere-induced doping decreases charge carrier inhomogeneity in nitrogen-doped graphene. For the undoped graphene samples, the opposite effect occurs. The results of the present study are useful for graphene-based sensor design

Perovskite-structured CaTiO₃ coupled with g-C₃N₄ as a heterojunction photocatalyst for organic pollutant degradation

• Ashish Kumar,
• Christian Schuerings,
• Suneel Kumar,
• Ajay Kumar and
• Venkata Krishnan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 671–685, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.62

• earth-abundant carbon and nitrogen elements and the low cost of the initial precursors promotes it as a promising photocatalytic material for diverse applications, such as energy generation [17][18][19], sensor [20], and fuel cell applications [21], as well as environmental remediation [22]. The band

Sensing behavior of flower-shaped MoS₂ nanoflakes: case study with methanol and xylene

• Maryam Barzegar,
• Masoud Berahman and
• Azam Iraji zad

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 608–615, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.57

• functional theory; gas sensor; hydrothermal method; methanol; MoS2 nanoflakes; xylene vapor; Introduction Recent efforts in exploring two-dimensional (2D) materials have led to the introduction of a new family of materials known as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), which show remarkable electrical

• a good sensor to detect acetone with response to methanol [14]. There are also investigations that marked the high response of MoS2 toward methanol and ethanol [15]. Besides these experimental reports, there are numerous theoretical investigations which illustrate the potential of MoS2 for detecting

• various gas molecules [25][26]. Among these reports, the properties of flower-shaped MoS2 as a gas sensor is underestimated, hence in this paper, we demonstrate this potential. The flower-shaped MoS2 can easily be grown using the inexpensive hydrothermal technique with high quality and in large quantity

Colloidal solution of silver nanoparticles for label-free colorimetric sensing of ammonia in aqueous solutions

• Alessandro Buccolieri,
• Antonio Serra,
• Gabriele Giancane and
• Daniela Manno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 499–507, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.48

• (NH3) in the concentration range from 10−2 to 103 ppm to develop an optical sensor for NH3 in aqueous solutions. Ammonia affects the features of the nanoparticles obtained in a concentration-dependent manner as determined by UV–vis absorption analysis and TEM observations. Structural and morphological

• analysis provides the basis for the production of a colorimetric label-free sensor for ammonia. Overall, surface plasmon resonance increases when ammonia concentration rises, although the functional trend is not the same over the entire investigated ammonia concentration range. Three different ranges have

• potentially useful for colorimetric measurements [16]. A colloidal solution of silver nanoparticles was developed for a colorimetric sensor for triethylamine [17]. So far, many authors reported the effect of ammonia on the synthesis of silver nanoparticles in colloidal solutions. In particular, it is possible

Electron interaction with copper(II) carboxylate compounds

• Michal Lacko,
• Peter Papp,
• Iwona B. Szymańska,
• Edward Szłyk and
• Štefan Matejčík

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 384–398, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.38

• -induced deformation, and electromigration resistance which is higher than for aluminum [24][25][26][27]. Copper nanostructures, especially nanowires, are applied in opto-electronic devices, solar cells, field-emission displays, catalysis, electronic skins, and sensor devices. Moreover, they can find

Liquid-crystalline nanoarchitectures for tissue engineering

• Baeckkyoung Sung and
• Min-Ho Kim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 205–215, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.22

• an additional benefit for inventing sensor devices for biomedical applications. In spite of these advantages and functionalities, the application of LC nanoarchitectures in the field of tissue engineering still remains in its infancy, when compared to the advance in the applications to LC display

Humidity-dependent wound sealing in succulent leaves of Delosperma cooperi – An adaptation to seasonal drought stress

• Olga Speck,
• Mark Schlechtendahl,
• Florian Borm,
• Tim Kampowski and
• Thomas Speck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 175–186, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.20

• walls. The turgor of single parenchyma and chlorenchyma cells was measured at various positions on the leaf by using a cell pressure probe (Lehner GmbH Sensor Systeme, Kirchheim/Teck, Germany). The cell pressure probe was equipped with a 0 to 1.6 MPa pressure transmitter (DRT-AL-20MA-R16B, Hygrosens

Combined scanning probe electronic and thermal characterization of an indium arsenide nanowire

• Tino Wagner,
• Fabian Menges,
• Heike Riel,
• Bernd Gotsmann and
• Andreas Stemmer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 129–136, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.15

• temperature beneath them inaccessible to SThM.) The thermal conductivity of the InAs nanowire, κ = (3.0 ± 1.4) W·m−1·K−1, is in good agreement with measurements of similar InAs nanowires in microelectromechanical heater/sensor setups [31][32], or with measurements of a 40 nm thick InAs nanofilm [33]. Note

• resistance, the bridge voltage is measured with a differential amplifier. The heater voltage, Udc, resulting from the bridge bias, Utot, is measured separately. The microscope was operated under vacuum conditions to prevent parasitic heat paths between heater/sensor and sample surface. Sample temperature

Electron-driven and thermal chemistry during water-assisted purification of platinum nanomaterials generated by electron beam induced deposition

• Ziyan Warneke,
• Markus Rohdenburg,
• Jonas Warneke,
• Janina Kopyra and
• Petra Swiderek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 77–90, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.10

• ]. Applications of this technology range from repair of masks for photolithography [2] and the fabrication of AFM tips [1] to novel photonic [3][4] or plasmonically active [5] devices and sensor concepts [6]. Also, nanoscale structures grown by FEBID may possess promising magnetic properties [7][8]. However

Response under low-energy electron irradiation of a thin film of a potential copper precursor for focused electron beam induced deposition (FEBID)

• Leo Sala,
• Iwona B. Szymańska,
• Céline Dablemont,
• Anne Lafosse and
• Lionel Amiaud

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 57–65, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.8

• a Pt103 sensor and a Lakeshore 335 controller with an accuracy of 1 K. HREELS: HREELS measurements were carried out on a gold on glass sample, from Arrandee GMBH. The HREELS (model IB500 - Omicron with a control electronic by LKS technology) is housed in a custom-built apparatus with base pressure

Gas-sensing behaviour of ZnO/diamond nanostructures

• Marina Davydova,
• Alexandr Laposa,
• Jiri Smarhak,
• Alexander Kromka,
• Neda Neykova,
• Josef Nahlik,
• Jiri Kroutil,
• Jan Drahokoupil and
• Jan Voves

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 22–29, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.4

• Engineering, CTU in Prague, Technicka 2, 16627 Prague, Czech Republic Institute of Physics v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Cukrovarnicka 10, 16200 Prague, Czech Republic 10.3762/bjnano.9.4 Abstract Microstructured single- and double-layered sensor devices based on p-type hydrogen

• hybrid ZnO NRs/NCD sensor showed a remarkably enhanced NO2 response compared to the ZnO NRs sensor. Further, inspired by this special hybrid structure, the simulation of interaction between the gas molecules (NO2 and CO2) and hybrid ZnO NRs/NCD sensor was studied using DFT calculations. Keywords

• : density functional theory (DFT); gas sensor; interdigital electrodes; nanocrystalline diamond; sensitivity; zinc oxide (ZnO); Introduction Currently, a number of studies have been focused on developing gas sensors based on nanomaterials and/or nanostructures. Metal oxides are the most common sensing