Synthetic approach to borrelidin fragments: focus on key intermediates

• Yudhi Dwi Kurniawan,
• Zetryana Puteri Tachrim,
• Teni Ernawati,
• Faris Hermawan,
• Ima Nurasiyah and
• Muhammad Alfin Sulmantara

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2025, 21, 1135–1160, doi:10.3762/bjoc.21.91

• Organization for Health at the National Research and Innovation Agency of the Republic of Indonesia for funding this research through the Rumah Program Organisasi Riset Kesehatan for the 2024 fiscal year.

Investigations of amination reactions on an antimalarial 1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazine scaffold

• Henry S. T. Smith,
• Ben Giuliani,
• Kanchana Wijesekera,
• Kah Yean Lum,
• Sandra Duffy,
• Aaron Lock,
• Jonathan M. White,
• Vicky M. Avery and
• Rohan A. Davis

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2025, 21, 1126–1134, doi:10.3762/bjoc.21.90

• parasite, P. falciparum and the more broadly distributed species P. vivax are responsible for the preponderance of new cases and deaths globally [1]. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that in 2023, there were 263 million cases of malarial disease and 597,000 deaths caused by infection with

Recent advances in synthetic approaches for bioactive cinnamic acid derivatives

• Betty A. Kustiana,
• Galuh Widiyarti and
• Teni Ernawati

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2025, 21, 1031–1086, doi:10.3762/bjoc.21.85

Formaldehyde surrogates in multicomponent reactions

• Cecilia I. Attorresi,
• Javier A. Ramírez and
• Bernhard Westermann

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2025, 21, 564–595, doi:10.3762/bjoc.21.45

• of green MCRs due to its high reactivity under these conditions [7]. However, this reactivity also increases the potential for the formation of byproducts. Furthermore, formaldehyde is widely recognized to be toxic and is considered carcinogenic by the World Health Organization (WHO) both in solution

Beyond symmetric self-assembly and effective molarity: unlocking functional enzyme mimics with robust organic cages

• Keith G. Andrews

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2025, 21, 421–443, doi:10.3762/bjoc.21.30

• -accelerations (1019) [1], tolerance of contaminants, and selectivity associated with the power of enzymes. It is for this reason that I have sought to introduce supramolecular approaches into my organocatalysis [2]. From thermodynamics, there are two components to catalysis: organization (entropic) and

• polarization (enthalpic) (Figure 1). Organization, the control of the position(s) and orientation(s) of reacting molecules, has been achieved historically in supramolecular chemistry using “pre-organized” catalyst designs (vide infra). More recently, organization has been mooted by List as a unifying concept

• predominantly achieved organization and polarization independently [26]. As we shall see, there has been a bias towards organization (controlling reagent distributions), often leaving any catalysis to chance. This even appears to be a strategy: “the search for supramolecular reactors that contain no

Efficient synthesis of fluorinated triphenylenes with enhanced arene–perfluoroarene interactions in columnar mesophases

• Yang Chen,
• Jiao He,
• Hang Lin,
• Hai-Feng Wang,
• Ping Hu,
• Bi-Qin Wang,
• Ke-Qing Zhao and
• Bertrand Donnio

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 3263–3273, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.270

• '-bitriphenylene (Gnm, n,m = 4, 5, 6, Scheme 1), with the possibility to synthesize molecules with dissymmetrical chain substitution patterns. The investigation has two main objectives. First, it seeks to explore and understand the impact of the fluorination of the pendant ring on both the self-organization and

• very similar, with no effect of the pending group nature (C6H5 vs C6F5) on the mesophase stability. A proposed model for the supramolecular organization of Fn in the Colhex phase is shown in Figure S42 of Supporting Information File 1. The bitriphenylene Gnm materials exhibit different X-ray patterns

Multicomponent reactions driving the discovery and optimization of agents targeting central nervous system pathologies

• Lucía Campos-Prieto,
• Aitor García-Rey,
• Eddy Sotelo and
• Ana Mallo-Abreu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 3151–3173, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.261

• cycloaddition, and Ugi reactions followed by Mitsunobu cyclization, among other strategies (Figure 2) [16]. Central nervous system diseases Central nervous system (CNS) diseases are the main cause of disability and the second cause of mortality worldwide, indeed, according to the 2019 World Health Organization

Transition-metal-free synthesis of arylboronates via thermal generation of aryl radicals from triarylbismuthines in air

• Yuki Yamamoto,
• Yuki Konakazawa,
• Kohsuke Fujiwara and
• Akiya Ogawa

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 2577–2584, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.216

• , Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan Organization for Research Promotion, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan 10.3762/bjoc.20.216 Abstract A simple and versatile synthesis of arylboronates has been achieved by using triarylbismuthines as aryl radical sources

Anion-dependent ion-pairing assemblies of triazatriangulenium cation that interferes with stacking structures

• Yohei Haketa,
• Takuma Matsuda and
• Hiromitsu Maeda

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 2567–2576, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.215

• Numbers JP22H02067 and JP23K23335 for Scientific Research (B), JP24K08389 for Scientific Research (C), JP23K17951 for Challenging Research (Exploratory), and JP20H05863 for Transformative Research Areas (A) “Condensed Conjugation” and Ritsumeikan Global Innovation Research Organization (R-GIRO) project

Natural resorcylic lactones derived from alternariol

• Joachim Podlech

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 2171–2207, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.187

Efficacy of radical reactions of isocyanides with heteroatom radicals in organic synthesis

• Akiya Ogawa and
• Yuki Yamamoto

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 2114–2128, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.182

• Akiya Ogawa Yuki Yamamoto Organization for Research Promotion, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, 4-4-37 Takeda, Kofu 400-8510, Japan 10.3762/bjoc.20.182 Abstract Isocyanide

Discovery of antimicrobial peptides clostrisin and cellulosin from Clostridium: insights into their structures, co-localized biosynthetic gene clusters, and antibiotic activity

• Moisés Alejandro Alejo Hernandez,
• Katia Pamela Villavicencio Sánchez,
• Rosendo Sánchez Morales,
• Karla Georgina Hernández-Magro Gil,
• David Silverio Moreno-Gutiérrez,
• Eddie Guillermo Sanchez-Rueda,
• Yanet Teresa-Cruz,
• Brian Choi,
• Armando Hernández Garcia,
• Alba Romero-Rodríguez,
• Oscar Juárez,
• Siseth Martínez-Caballero,
• Mario Figueroa and
• Corina-Diana Ceapă

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 1800–1816, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.159

• ], a number expected to increase exponentially. One fundamental objective of the Global Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance by the World Health Organization (WHO) is the investment in developing new drugs, diagnostic tools, vaccines, and other interventions [2]. In this context, many antibiotics

Structure–property relationships in dicyanopyrazinoquinoxalines and their hydrogen-bonding-capable dihydropyrazinoquinoxalinedione derivatives

• Tural N. Akhmedov,
• Ajeet Kumar,
• Daken J. Starkenburg,
• Kyle J. Chesney,
• Khalil A. Abboud,
• Novruz G. Akhmedov,
• Jiangeng Xue and
• Ronald K. Castellano

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 1037–1052, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.92

• -crystal X-ray analysis of 2b, and its important structural parameters were compared with that of 2a (#CCDC 227464) reported in the literature [25]. An improved 2D nanostructure through highly ordered organization facilitated by H-bonding is revealed. Notably, the C–C distance between two carbonyl groups

• DCPQs and DPQDs in this context. Overall, this work contributes to our overarching objective to investigate the influence of hydrogen-bonding functionality on optoelectronic material organization and next-generation organic semiconductor device performance. Experimental General methods Reagents and

Auxiliary strategy for the general and practical synthesis of diaryliodonium(III) salts with diverse organocarboxylate counterions

• Naoki Miyamoto,
• Daichi Koseki,
• Kohei Sumida,
• Elghareeb E. Elboray,
• Naoko Takenaga,
• Ravi Kumar and
• Toshifumi Dohi

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 1020–1028, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.90

• the Ritsumeikan Global Innovation Research Organization (R-GIRO) project. R.K. is thankful to the J C Bose University of Science and Technology, YMCA, Faridabad (Seed Grant R&D/SG/2020-21/166) and Department of Science and Technology (DST), India for the PURSE grant (SR/PURSE/2022/126).

Genome mining of labdane-related diterpenoids: Discovery of the two-enzyme pathway leading to (−)-sandaracopimaradiene in the fungus Arthrinium sacchari

• Fumito Sato,
• Terutaka Sonohara,
• Shunta Fujiki,
• Akihiro Sugawara,
• Yohei Morishita,
• Taro Ozaki and
• Teigo Asai

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 714–720, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.65

• existing in their substrates. From a structural point of view, TCs consist of α, β, and γ domains in various combinations. As these TCs are assumed to be evolved by fusion and loss of domains [2][3][4], the functional analysis of terpene synthases of unique domain organization is of great significance to

• catalyzes these reactions is also known [7]. Bacteria also use two enzyme systems for the biosynthesis of LRDs, but the domain organization of the corresponding TCs is different from those of plant enzymes. In bacteria, the class II enzymes with βγ domains and the class I enzyme with a single α domain are

• clusters containing AsCPS and AsPS. B) Domain organization of AsPS and AsCPS. C) Domain organization of CiCPS-PS. GC–MS analysis of the A. oryzae transformant. A) TIC of the extracts obtained from AO-AsGGS/AsCPS/AsPS and A. oryzae NSAR1. Compound 1 was identified to be a product, while the other minor

Additive-controlled chemoselective inter-/intramolecular hydroamination via electrochemical PCET process

• Kazuhiro Okamoto,
• Naoki Shida and
• Mahito Atobe

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 264–271, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.27

• current (Figure 2B, blue line). We considered that the inter- and intramolecular chemoselectivities were derived from the pKa of the proton sources. The pre-organization of the amide substrate and phosphate bases is an important process in PCET [13]. Recently, Gschwind et al. published a detailed NMR

Substitution reactions in the acenaphthene analog of quino[7,8-h]quinoline and an unusual synthesis of the corresponding acenaphthylenes by tele-elimination

• Ekaterina V. Kolupaeva,
• Narek A. Dzhangiryan,
• Alexander F. Pozharskii,
• Oleg P. Demidov and
• Valery A. Ozeryanskii

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 243–253, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.24

• , attracts the attention of researchers involved in the study of various types of hydrogen bonds and the problem of superbasicity [7][8]. Indeed, the basicity of quinoline and simple azaarenes is rather low. At the same time, the correct structural organization of azaarenes, where unshared electron pairs are

• be associated with the increased basicity of the starting substrate and its structural organization (proximity of the two nitrogen atoms). The revealed inertness may also be rationalized via the ionization of the starting dipyridoacenaphthene system 5 to an anion or even dianion 7 (at least in

• in a 2:1 ratio leads to the formation of co-crystals, in which, as judged by the X-ray data, the supramolecular organization is again in action (Figure 4). Two molecules of the base are almost parallel to each other (the distance between the π-systems of two molecular planes is 3.551 Å with the

Selectivity control towards CO versus H₂ for photo-driven CO₂ reduction with a novel Co(II) catalyst

• Lisa-Lou Gracia,
• Philip Henkel,
• Olaf Fuhr and
• Claudia Bizzarri

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2023, 19, 1766–1775, doi:10.3762/bjoc.19.129

• -BID instrument. Funding German Research Foundation (DFG) transregional collaborative research center SFB/TRR 88 (project B9) and by the German Scholar Organization through the Klaus Tschira Boost Fund (project KT26).

Charge carrier transport in perylene-based and pyrene-based columnar liquid crystals

• Alessandro L. Alves,
• Simone V. Bernardino,
• Carlos H. Stadtlober,
• Edivandro Girotto,
• Giliandro Farias,
• Rodney M. do Nascimento,
• Sergio F. Curcio,
• Thiago Cazati,
• Marta E. R. Dotto,
• Juliana Eccher,
• Leonardo N. Furini,
• Hugo Gallardo,
• Harald Bock and
• Ivan H. Bechtold

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2023, 19, 1755–1765, doi:10.3762/bjoc.19.128

• ), organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and sensors [1][2]. Columnar liquid crystals are attractive due to their solution processability and their self-organization in highly anisotropic supramolecular architectures, which favors the mainly one-dimensional migration of charge carriers with an anisotropy of

• derivatives are among the most investigated due to their easy functionalization, high chemical and thermal stability, strong photoluminescence, and n-type semiconductor character. They tend to adopt columnar organization due to the strong π–π interaction of the rigid cores, providing a path for the efficient

• from strong π–π interactions [7][21][22][23][24]. In this work, we investigated a perylene and a pyrene-based columnar liquid crystal in hole-only and electron-only devices to compare their charge carriying properties. The molecular organization and photophysical performances are coherent with the

Effects of the aldehyde-derived ring substituent on the properties of two new bioinspired trimethoxybenzoylhydrazones: methyl vs nitro groups

• Dayanne Martins,
• Roberta Lamosa,
• Talis Uelisson da Silva,
• Carolina B. P. Ligiero,
• Sérgio de Paula Machado,
• Daphne S. Cukierman and
• Nicolás A. Rey

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2023, 19, 1713–1727, doi:10.3762/bjoc.19.125

• -withdrawing nitro substituent in hdz-NO2 makes the intramolecular H-bond stronger. Regarding lattice organization, both structures exhibit stacked motifs. In hdz-CH3, the planes were organized by C–H···O non-conventional H-bonds comprising the methoxy groups (Figure 2B). In the columns, there are

• supramolecular organization of the N-acylhydrazones was also studied through their Hirshfeld surfaces, in which π–π interactions play an important role. When the normalized distance between a molecule and the closest neighbors are plotted (Figures S2A and S2C, and S3A and S3C in Supporting Information File 1

Radical chemistry in polymer science: an overview and recent advances

• Zixiao Wang,
• Feichen Cui,
• Yang Sui and
• Jiajun Yan

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2023, 19, 1580–1603, doi:10.3762/bjoc.19.116

• [59][60]. 1.3.3 Deactivation by degenerative transfer: Reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization is one of the most well-established RDRP technique. It was first proposed in 1998 by Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) researchers Chiefari

Phenanthridine–pyrene conjugates as fluorescent probes for DNA/RNA and an inactive mutant of dipeptidyl peptidase enzyme

• Josipa Matić,
• Tana Tandarić,
• Marijana Radić Stojković,
• Filip Šupljika,
• Zrinka Karačić,
• Ana Tomašić Paić,
• Lucija Horvat,
• Robert Vianello and
• Lidija-Marija Tumir

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2023, 19, 550–565, doi:10.3762/bjoc.19.40

• formed an exciplex [15], and conjugates formed of pyrene and an amino acid-fluorescent nucleobase derivative qAN1, differing in length and flexibility between fluorophores [16]. Due to pre-organization, both conjugates strongly interacted with ds-DNA/RNA grooves with similar affinity but opposite

Dipeptide analogues of fluorinated aminophosphonic acid sodium salts as moderate competitive inhibitors of cathepsin C

• Karolina Wątroba,
• Małgorzata Pawełczak and
• Marcin Kaźmierczak

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2023, 19, 434–439, doi:10.3762/bjoc.19.33

• , F, H, K, L, O, S, V, W, and X) [1]. Cathepsin C is considered a good target for designing new anticancer agents with broad substrate specificity [2]. Cathepsin C, which affects the processing of keratin, is of great importance in maintaining the structural organization of the epidermis, primarily

Digyalipopeptide A, an antiparasitic cyclic peptide from the Ghanaian Bacillus sp. strain DE2B

• Adwoa P. Nartey,
• Aboagye K. Dofuor,
• Kofi B. A. Owusu,
• Anil S. Camas,
• Hai Deng,
• Marcel Jaspars and
• Kwaku Kyeremeh

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2022, 18, 1763–1771, doi:10.3762/bjoc.18.185

• . scholarship by the Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World (OWSD), the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA) and the Carnegie BANGA-Africa Project Award for a Ph.D. scholarship.

1,4,6,10-Tetraazaadamantanes (TAADs) with N-amino groups: synthesis and formation of boron chelates and host–guest complexes

• Artem N. Semakin,
• Ivan S. Golovanov,
• Yulia V. Nelyubina and
• Alexey Yu. Sukhorukov

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2022, 18, 1424–1434, doi:10.3762/bjoc.18.148

• ). Such symmetrization can be explained by a pre-organization of N-amido groups through the coordination of water/alcohol leading to the host–guest complex observed in the X-ray. The formation of the inclusion complexes H2O@TAADs 4a and MeOH@4c·H+ was additionally explored by DFT calculations at the